UPDATING revision 189854
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090315: 26 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 27 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 28 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 29 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 30 used. 31 3220090313: 33 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 34 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 35 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 36 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 37 3820090313: 39 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 40 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 41 4220090309: 43 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 44 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 45 46 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 47 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 48 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 49 50 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 51 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 52 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 53 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 54 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 55 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 56 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 57 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 58 59 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 60 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 61 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 62 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 63 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 64 to preserve the existing behaviour. 65 66 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 67 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 68 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 69 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 70 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 71 72 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 73 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 74 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 75 via IGMP. 76 77 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 78 recompiled to reflect this. 79 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 80 8120090309: 82 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 83 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 84 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 85 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 86 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 87 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 88 8920090302: 90 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 91 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 92 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 93 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 94 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 95 raised to allow such segments to be created. 96 9720090301: 98 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 99 network device driver modules. 100 10120090227: 102 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 103 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 104 10520090223: 106 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 107 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 108 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 109 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 110 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 111 apply. 112 11320090217: 114 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 115 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 116 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 117 use the new name. 118 11920090216: 120 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 121 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 122 add 123 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 124 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 125 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 126 12720090215: 128 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 129 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 130 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 131 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 132 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 133 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 134 135 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 136 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 137 be used for this: 138 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 139 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 140 14120090203: 142 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 143 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 144 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 145 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 146 same interface. 147 14820090201: 149 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 150 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 151 15220090119: 153 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 154 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 155 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 156 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 157 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 158 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 159 16020090115: 161 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 162 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 163 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 164 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 165 16620081225: 167 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 168 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 169 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 170 in next mpd5.3 release. 171 17220081219: 173 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 174 the base system (it was a port). 175 17620081216: 177 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 178 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 179 18020081214: 181 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 182 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 183 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 184 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 185 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 186 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 187 none of the L2 information. 188 18920081130: 190 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 191 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 192 193 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 194 195 to their kernel config files when specifying: 196 197 device ath_hal 198 199 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 200 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 201 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 202 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 203 20420081121: 205 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 206 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 207 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 208 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 209 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 210 packets. 211 21220081117: 213 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 214 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 215 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 216 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 217 21820081028: 219 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 220 22120081009: 222 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 223 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 224 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 225 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 226 controller add the following to loader.conf: 227 228 uhci_load="YES" 229 ehci_load="YES" 230 23120081009: 232 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 233 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 234 sync. 235 23620080820: 237 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 238 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 239 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 240 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 241 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 242 243 PCI/ISA: 244 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 245 246 USB: 247 ubser, ucycom 248 249 Line disciplines: 250 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 251 252 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 253 cause compilation to fail. 254 25520080818: 256 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 257 25820080801: 259 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 260 261 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 262 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 263 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 264 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 265 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 266 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 267 accepting the RSA key. 268 269 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 270 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 271 command line. 272 273 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 274 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 275 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 276 behavior. 277 27820080713: 279 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 280 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 281 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 282 283 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 284 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 285 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 286 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 287 use the new device names. 288 289 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 290 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 291 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 292 at the loader prompt: 293 294 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 295 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 296 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 297 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 298 boot -s 299 30020080609: 301 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 302 disks instead. 303 30420080603: 305 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 306 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 307 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 308 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 309 31020080525: 311 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 312 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 313 31420080509: 315 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 316 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 317 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 318 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 319 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 320 32120080420: 322 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 323 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 324 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 325 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 326 For example, change: 327 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 328 to 329 wlans_ath0=wlan0 330 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 331 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 332 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 333 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 334 335 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 336 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 337 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 338 33920080408: 340 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 341 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 342 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 343 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 344 other operation levels. 345 34620080312: 347 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 348 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 349 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 350 compatibility with any prior release: 351 352 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 353 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 354 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 355 35620080301: 357 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 358 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 359 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 360 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 361 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 362 nonetheless. 363 36420080229: 365 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 366 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 367 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 368 with older hardware easier to do. 369 37020080220: 371 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 372 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 373 37420080211: 375 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 376 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 377 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 378 firewall rules. 379 38020080208: 381 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 382 mbuf chains. 383 38420080126: 385 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 386 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 387 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 388 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 389 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 390 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 391 third-party software might fail to build after this change 392 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 393 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 394 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 395 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 396 case that a portable fix is impossible. 397 39820080123: 399 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 400 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 401 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 402 40320071128: 404 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 405 functionality is the default now. 406 40720071118: 408 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 409 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 410 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 411 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 412 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 413 414 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 415 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 416 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 417 41820071024: 419 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 420 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 421 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 422 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 423 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 424 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 425 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 426 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 427 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 428 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 429 however. 430 43120071020: 432 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 433 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 434 used kproc_start().. 435 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 436 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 437 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 438 43920071010: 440 RELENG_7 branched. 441 44220071009: 443 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 444 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 445 44620070930: 447 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 448 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 449 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 450 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 451 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 452 45320070928: 454 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 455 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 456 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 457 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 458 rc.conf. 459 46020070921: 461 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 462 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 463 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 464 46520070704: 466 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 467 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 468 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 469 47020070702: 471 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 472 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 473 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 474 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 475 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 476 47720070701: 478 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 479 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 480 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 481 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 482 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 483 will change after some settling time. 484 48520070701: 486 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 487 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 488 information. 489 49020070612: 491 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 492 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 493 accordingly. 494 49520070612: 496 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 497 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 498 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 499 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 500 50120070612: 502 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 503 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 504 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 505 the IPv4 network stack. 506 507 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 508 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 509 has now been removed. 510 511 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 512 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 513 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 514 updated to reflect this. 515 516 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 517 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 518 interfaces. 519 52020070610: 521 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 522 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 523 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 524 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 525 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 526 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 527 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 528 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 529 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 530 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 531 operating properly. 532 53320070610: 534 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 535 function and starts providing an account management function. 536 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 537 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 538 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 539 540 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 541 542 and change it according to this example: 543 544 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 545 546 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 547 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 548 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 549 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 550 55120070529: 552 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 553 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 554 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 555 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 556 55720070516: 558 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 559 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 560 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 561 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 562 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 563 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 564 symbol. 565 56620070513: 567 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 568 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 569 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 570 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 571 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 572 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 573 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 574 575 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 576 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 577 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 578 57920070423: 580 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 581 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 582 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 583 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 584 58520070417: 586 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 587 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 588 58920070408: 590 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 591 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 592 base operating system should be recompiled. 593 59420070302: 595 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 596 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 597 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 598 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 599 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 600 60120070228: 602 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 603 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 604 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 605 deprecated in previous releases. 606 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 607 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 608 60920070224: 610 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 611 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 612 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 613 sync. For more info: 614 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 615 61620070224: 617 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 618 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 619 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 620 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 621 62220070214: 623 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 624 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 625 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 626 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 627 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 628 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 629 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 630 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 631 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 632 63320070210: 634 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 635 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 636 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 637 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 638 ip_mroute.ko module. 639 64020070207: 641 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 642 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 643 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 644 mrouted.conf. 645 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 646 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 647 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 648 64920061221: 650 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 651 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 652 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 653 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 654 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 655 in the loader. 656 65720061214: 658 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 659 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 660 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 661 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 662 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 663 66420061214: 665 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 666 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 667 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 668 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 669 67020061205: 671 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 672 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 673 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 674 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 675 linux module. 676 67720061126: 678 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 679 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 680 with exceptions of followings: 681 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 682 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 683 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 684 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 685 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 686 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 687 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 688 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 689 69020061122: 691 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 692 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 693 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 694 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 695 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 696 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 697 698 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 699 700 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 701 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 702 the array the same way you built it originally. 703 70420061122: 705 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 706 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 707 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 708 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 709 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 710 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 711 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 712 71320061113: 714 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 715 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 716 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 717 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 718 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 719 72020061110: 721 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 722 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 723 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 724 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 725 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 726 72720061026: 728 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 729 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 730 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 731 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 732 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 733 added to 'struct proc'. 734 73520060929: 736 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 737 73820060927: 739 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 740 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 741 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 742 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 743 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 744 74520060924: 746 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 747 74820060913: 749 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 750 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 751 systat needs to be rebuilt. 752 75320060903: 754 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 755 75620060816: 757 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 758 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 759 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 760 76120060725: 762 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 763 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 764 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 765 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 766 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 767 76820060709: 769 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 770 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 771 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 772 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 773 77420060627: 775 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 776 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 777 accordingly. 778 77920060514: 780 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 781 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 782 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 783 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 784 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 785 78620060511: 787 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 788 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 789 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 790 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 791 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 792 `make installworld' with: 793 794 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 795 796 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 797 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 798 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 799 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 800 80120060412: 802 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 803 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 804 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 805 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 806 rewrite rules. 807 80820060428: 809 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 810 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 811 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 812 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 813 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 814 implements the interface to support it. 815 81620060330: 817 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 818 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 819 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 820 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 821 functional. 822 82320060317: 824 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 825 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 826 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 827 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 828 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 829 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 830 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 831 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 832 likely follow. Posting to current@: 833 834 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 835 83620060305: 837 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 838 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 839 84020060303: 841 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 842 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 843 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 844 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 845 its dependencies. 846 84720060204: 848 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 849 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 850 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 851 85220060201: 853 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 854 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 855 85620060118: 857 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 858 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 859 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 860 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 861 on your next install. 862 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 863 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 864 to your /etc/make.conf. 865 86620060113: 867 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 868 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 869 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 870 87120060112: 872 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 873 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 874 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 875 87620060106: 877 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 878 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 879 88020060106: 881 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 882 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 883 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 884 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 885 88620051231: 887 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 888 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 889 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 890 89120051211: 892 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 893 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 894 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 895 accordingly. 896 89720051202: 898 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 899 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 900 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 901 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 902 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 903 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 904 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 905 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 906 90720051129: 908 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 909 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 910 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 911 91220051129: 913 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 914 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 915 91620051108: 917 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 918 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 919 92020051029: 921 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 922 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 923 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 924 92520051014: 926 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 927 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 928 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 929 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 930 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 931 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 932 modules afterwards. 933 93420051001: 935 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 936 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 937 93820050927: 939 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 940 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 941 94220050722: 943 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 944 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 945 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 946 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 947 architecture. 948 94920050711: 950 RELENG_6 branched here. 951 95220050629: 953 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 954 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 955 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 956 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 957 removable_interfaces. 958 95920050616: 960 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 961 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 962 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 963 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 964 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 965 affect existing configurations. 966 96720050610: 968 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 969 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 970 updated to the new APIs. 971 97220050609: 973 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 974 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 975 will not behave correctly. 976 977 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 978 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 979 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 980 98120050606: 982 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 983 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 984 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 985 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 986 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 987 988 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 989 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 990 anyway). 991 99220050605: 993 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 994 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 995 99620050603: 997 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 998 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 999 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1000 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1001 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1002 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1003 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1004 100520050528: 1006 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1007 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1008 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1009 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1010 101120050503: 1012 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1013 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1014 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1015 101620050415: 1017 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1018 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1019 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1020 should be updated. 1021 102220050227: 1023 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1024 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1025 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1026 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1027 102820050225: 1029 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1030 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1031 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1032 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1033 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1034 none at this point.) 1035 103620050224: 1037 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1038 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1039 104020050223: 1041 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1042 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1043 with the new kernel. 1044 104520050223: 1046 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1047 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1048 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1049 105020050220: 1051 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1052 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1053 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1054 if you have updated the kernel. 1055 1056 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1057 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1058 mounting the new volume. 1059 106020050206: 1061 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1062 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1063 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1064 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1065 106620050206: 1067 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1068 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1069 107020050114: 1071 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1072 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1073 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1074 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1075 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1076 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1077 107820041221: 1079 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1080 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1081 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1082 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1083 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1084 108520041219: 1086 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1087 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1088 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1089 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1090 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1091 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1092 and wlan_xauth as required. 1093 109420041213: 1095 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1096 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1097 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1098 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1099 reflect the change. 1100 110120041201: 1102 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1103 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1104 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1105 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1106 the module when a wep key is configured). 1107 110820041201: 1109 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1110 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1111 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1112 111320041116: 1114 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1115 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1116 111720041110: 1118 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1119 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1120 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1121 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1122 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1123 their /etc/rc scripts. 1124 112520041104: 1126 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1127 112820041102: 1129 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1130 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1131 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1132 113320041022: 1134 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1135 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1136 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1137 113820041016: 1139 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1140 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1141 1142COMMON ITEMS: 1143 1144 General Notes 1145 ------------- 1146 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1147 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1148 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1149 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1150 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1151 on the -current branch). 1152 1153 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1154 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1155 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1156 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1157 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1158 page for more details. 1159 1160 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1161 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1162 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1163 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1164 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1165 version upgrade. 1166 1167 To build a kernel 1168 ----------------- 1169 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1170 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1171 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1172 1173 make kernel-toolchain 1174 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1175 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1176 1177 To test a kernel once 1178 --------------------- 1179 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1180 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1181 debugging information) run 1182 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1183 nextboot -k testkernel 1184 1185 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1186 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1187 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1188 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1189 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1190 1191 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1192 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1193 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1194 make depend 1195 make 1196 make install 1197 1198 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1199 1200 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1201 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1202 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1203 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1204 1205 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1206 make buildworld 1207 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1208 [1] 1209 <reboot in single user> [3] 1210 mergemaster -p [5] 1211 make installworld 1212 make delete-old 1213 mergemaster [4] 1214 <reboot> 1215 1216 1217 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1218 -------------------------------------------------- 1219 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1220 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1221 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1222 # size. 1223 1224 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1225 <boot into -stable> 1226 make buildworld 1227 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1228 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1229 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1230 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1231 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1232 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1233 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1234 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1235 <reboot into current> 1236 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1237 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1238 <reboot> 1239 1240 1241 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1242 ---------------------------------------------- 1243 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1244 make buildworld [9] 1245 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1246 [1] 1247 <reboot in single user> [3] 1248 mergemaster -p [5] 1249 make installworld 1250 make delete-old 1251 mergemaster -i [4] 1252 <reboot> 1253 1254 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1255 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1256 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1257 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1258 the UPDATING entries. 1259 1260 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1261 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1262 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1263 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1264 much fewer pitfalls. 1265 1266 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1267 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1268 system on reboot. 1269 1270 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1271 fsck -p 1272 mount -u / 1273 mount -a 1274 cd src 1275 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1276 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1277 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1278 1279 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1280 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1281 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1282 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1283 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1284 for potential gotchas. 1285 1286 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1287 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1288 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1289 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1290 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1291 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1292 1293 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1294 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1295 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1296 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1297 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1298 1299 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1300 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1301 1302 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1303 cvs prune empty directories. 1304 1305 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1306 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1307 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1308 1309 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1310 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1311 warn if it is improperly defined. 1312FORMAT: 1313 1314This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1315breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1316and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1317previous releases if your system is older than this. 1318 1319Copyright information: 1320 1321Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1322 1323Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1324modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1325document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1326 1327THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1328IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1329WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1330DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1331INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1332(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1333SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1334HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1335STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1336IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1337POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1338 1339If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1340author a beer. 1341 1342Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1343this document. 1344 1345$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 189854 2009-03-15 16:12:50Z rwatson $ 1346