UPDATING revision 186345
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520081219: 26 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 27 the base system (it was a port). 28 2920081216: 30 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 31 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 32 3320081214: 34 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 35 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 36 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 37 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 38 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 39 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 40 none of the L2 information. 41 4220081130: 43 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 44 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 45 46 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 47 48 to their kernel config files when specifying: 49 50 device ath_hal 51 52 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 53 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 54 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 55 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 56 5720081121: 58 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 59 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 60 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 61 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 62 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 63 packets. 64 6520081117: 66 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 67 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 68 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 69 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 70 7120081028: 72 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 73 7420081009: 75 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 76 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 77 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 78 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 79 controller add the following to loader.conf: 80 81 uhci_load="YES" 82 ehci_load="YES" 83 8420081009: 85 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 86 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 87 sync. 88 8920080820: 90 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 91 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 92 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 93 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 94 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 95 96 PCI/ISA: 97 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 98 99 USB: 100 ubser, ucycom 101 102 Line disciplines: 103 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 104 105 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 106 cause compilation to fail. 107 10820080818: 109 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 110 11120080801: 112 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 113 114 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 115 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 116 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 117 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 118 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 119 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 120 accepting the RSA key. 121 122 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 123 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 124 command line. 125 126 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 127 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 128 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 129 behavior. 130 13120080713: 132 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 133 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 134 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 135 136 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 137 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 138 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 139 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 140 use the new device names. 141 142 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 143 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 144 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 145 at the loader prompt: 146 147 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 148 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 149 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 150 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 151 boot -s 152 15320080609: 154 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 155 disks instead. 156 15720080603: 158 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 159 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 160 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 161 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 162 16320080525: 164 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 165 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 166 16720080509: 168 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 169 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 170 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 171 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 172 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 173 17420080420: 175 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 176 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 177 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 178 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 179 For example, change: 180 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 181 to 182 wlans_ath0=wlan0 183 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 184 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 185 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 186 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 187 188 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 189 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 190 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 191 19220080408: 193 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 194 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 195 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 196 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 197 other operation levels. 198 19920080312: 200 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 201 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 202 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 203 compatibility with any prior release: 204 205 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 206 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 207 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 208 20920080301: 210 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 211 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 212 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 213 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 214 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 215 nonetheless. 216 21720080229: 218 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 219 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 220 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 221 with older hardware easier to do. 222 22320080220: 224 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 225 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 226 22720080211: 228 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 229 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 230 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 231 firewall rules. 232 23320080208: 234 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 235 mbuf chains. 236 23720080126: 238 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 239 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 240 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 241 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 242 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 243 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 244 third-party software might fail to build after this change 245 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 246 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 247 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 248 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 249 case that a portable fix is impossible. 250 25120080123: 252 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 253 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 254 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 255 25620071128: 257 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 258 functionality is the default now. 259 26020071118: 261 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 262 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 263 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 264 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 265 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 266 267 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 268 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 269 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 270 27120071024: 272 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 273 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 274 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 275 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 276 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 277 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 278 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 279 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 280 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 281 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 282 however. 283 28420071020: 285 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 286 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 287 used kproc_start().. 288 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 289 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 290 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 291 29220071010: 293 RELENG_7 branched. 294 29520071009: 296 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 297 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 298 29920070930: 300 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 301 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 302 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 303 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 304 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 305 30620070928: 307 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 308 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 309 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 310 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 311 rc.conf. 312 31320070921: 314 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 315 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 316 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 317 31820070704: 319 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 320 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 321 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 322 32320070702: 324 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 325 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 326 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 327 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 328 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 329 33020070701: 331 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 332 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 333 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 334 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 335 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 336 will change after some settling time. 337 33820070701: 339 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 340 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 341 information. 342 34320070612: 344 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 345 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 346 accordingly. 347 34820070612: 349 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 350 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 351 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 352 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 353 35420070612: 355 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 356 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 357 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 358 the IPv4 network stack. 359 360 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 361 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 362 has now been removed. 363 364 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 365 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 366 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 367 updated to reflect this. 368 369 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 370 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 371 interfaces. 372 37320070610: 374 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 375 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 376 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 377 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 378 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 379 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 380 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 381 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 382 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 383 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 384 operating properly. 385 38620070610: 387 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 388 function and starts providing an account management function. 389 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 390 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 391 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 392 393 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 394 395 and change it according to this example: 396 397 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 398 399 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 400 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 401 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 402 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 403 40420070529: 405 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 406 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 407 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 408 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 409 41020070516: 411 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 412 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 413 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 414 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 415 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 416 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 417 symbol. 418 41920070513: 420 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 421 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 422 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 423 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 424 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 425 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 426 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 427 428 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 429 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 430 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 431 43220070423: 433 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 434 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 435 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 436 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 437 43820070417: 439 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 440 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 441 44220070408: 443 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 444 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 445 base operating system should be recompiled. 446 44720070302: 448 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 449 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 450 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 451 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 452 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 453 45420070228: 455 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 456 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 457 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 458 deprecated in previous releases. 459 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 460 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 461 46220070224: 463 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 464 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 465 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 466 sync. For more info: 467 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 468 46920070224: 470 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 471 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 472 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 473 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 474 47520070214: 476 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 477 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 478 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 479 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 480 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 481 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 482 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 483 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 484 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 485 48620070210: 487 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 488 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 489 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 490 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 491 ip_mroute.ko module. 492 49320070207: 494 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 495 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 496 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 497 mrouted.conf. 498 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 499 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 500 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 501 50220061221: 503 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 504 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 505 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 506 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 507 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 508 in the loader. 509 51020061214: 511 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 512 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 513 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 514 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 515 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 516 51720061214: 518 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 519 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 520 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 521 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 522 52320061205: 524 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 525 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 526 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 527 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 528 linux module. 529 53020061126: 531 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 532 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 533 with exceptions of followings: 534 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 535 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 536 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 537 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 538 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 539 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 540 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 541 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 542 54320061122: 544 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 545 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 546 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 547 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 548 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 549 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 550 551 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 552 553 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 554 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 555 the array the same way you built it originally. 556 55720061122: 558 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 559 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 560 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 561 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 562 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 563 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 564 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 565 56620061113: 567 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 568 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 569 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 570 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 571 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 572 57320061110: 574 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 575 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 576 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 577 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 578 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 579 58020061026: 581 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 582 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 583 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 584 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 585 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 586 added to 'struct proc'. 587 58820060929: 589 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 590 59120060927: 592 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 593 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 594 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 595 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 596 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 597 59820060924: 599 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 600 60120060913: 602 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 603 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 604 systat needs to be rebuilt. 605 60620060903: 607 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 608 60920060816: 610 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 611 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 612 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 613 61420060725: 615 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 616 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 617 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 618 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 619 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 620 62120060709: 622 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 623 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 624 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 625 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 626 62720060627: 628 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 629 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 630 accordingly. 631 63220060514: 633 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 634 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 635 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 636 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 637 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 638 63920060511: 640 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 641 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 642 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 643 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 644 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 645 `make installworld' with: 646 647 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 648 649 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 650 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 651 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 652 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 653 65420060412: 655 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 656 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 657 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 658 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 659 rewrite rules. 660 66120060428: 662 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 663 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 664 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 665 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 666 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 667 implements the interface to support it. 668 66920060330: 670 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 671 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 672 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 673 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 674 functional. 675 67620060317: 677 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 678 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 679 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 680 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 681 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 682 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 683 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 684 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 685 likely follow. Posting to current@: 686 687 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 688 68920060305: 690 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 691 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 692 69320060303: 694 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 695 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 696 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 697 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 698 its dependencies. 699 70020060204: 701 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 702 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 703 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 704 70520060201: 706 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 707 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 708 70920060118: 710 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 711 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 712 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 713 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 714 on your next install. 715 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 716 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 717 to your /etc/make.conf. 718 71920060113: 720 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 721 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 722 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 723 72420060112: 725 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 726 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 727 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 728 72920060106: 730 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 731 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 732 73320060106: 734 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 735 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 736 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 737 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 738 73920051231: 740 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 741 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 742 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 743 74420051211: 745 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 746 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 747 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 748 accordingly. 749 75020051202: 751 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 752 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 753 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 754 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 755 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 756 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 757 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 758 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 759 76020051129: 761 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 762 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 763 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 764 76520051129: 766 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 767 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 768 76920051108: 770 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 771 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 772 77320051029: 774 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 775 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 776 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 777 77820051014: 779 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 780 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 781 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 782 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 783 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 784 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 785 modules afterwards. 786 78720051001: 788 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 789 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 790 79120050927: 792 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 793 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 794 79520050722: 796 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 797 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 798 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 799 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 800 architecture. 801 80220050711: 803 RELENG_6 branched here. 804 80520050629: 806 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 807 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 808 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 809 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 810 removable_interfaces. 811 81220050616: 813 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 814 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 815 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 816 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 817 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 818 affect existing configurations. 819 82020050610: 821 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 822 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 823 updated to the new APIs. 824 82520050609: 826 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 827 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 828 will not behave correctly. 829 830 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 831 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 832 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 833 83420050606: 835 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 836 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 837 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 838 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 839 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 840 841 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 842 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 843 anyway). 844 84520050605: 846 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 847 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 848 84920050603: 850 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 851 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 852 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 853 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 854 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 855 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 856 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 857 85820050528: 859 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 860 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 861 fail after this date. For full details, please see 862 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 863 86420050503: 865 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 866 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 867 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 868 86920050415: 870 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 871 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 872 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 873 should be updated. 874 87520050227: 876 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 877 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 878 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 879 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 880 88120050225: 882 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 883 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 884 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 885 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 886 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 887 none at this point.) 888 88920050224: 890 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 891 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 892 89320050223: 894 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 895 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 896 with the new kernel. 897 89820050223: 899 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 900 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 901 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 902 90320050220: 904 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 905 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 906 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 907 if you have updated the kernel. 908 909 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 910 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 911 mounting the new volume. 912 91320050206: 914 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 915 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 916 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 917 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 918 91920050206: 920 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 921 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 922 92320050114: 924 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 925 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 926 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 927 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 928 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 929 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 930 93120041221: 932 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 933 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 934 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 935 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 936 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 937 93820041219: 939 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 940 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 941 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 942 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 943 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 944 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 945 and wlan_xauth as required. 946 94720041213: 948 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 949 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 950 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 951 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 952 reflect the change. 953 95420041201: 955 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 956 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 957 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 958 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 959 the module when a wep key is configured). 960 96120041201: 962 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 963 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 964 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 965 96620041116: 967 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 968 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 969 97020041110: 971 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 972 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 973 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 974 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 975 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 976 their /etc/rc scripts. 977 97820041104: 979 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 980 98120041102: 982 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 983 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 984 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 985 98620041022: 987 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 988 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 989 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 990 99120041016: 992 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 993 in the RELENG_5 branch. 994 995COMMON ITEMS: 996 997 General Notes 998 ------------- 999 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1000 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1001 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1002 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1003 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1004 on the -current branch). 1005 1006 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1007 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1008 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1009 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1010 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1011 page for more details. 1012 1013 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1014 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1015 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1016 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1017 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1018 version upgrade. 1019 1020 To build a kernel 1021 ----------------- 1022 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1023 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1024 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1025 1026 make kernel-toolchain 1027 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1028 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1029 1030 To test a kernel once 1031 --------------------- 1032 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1033 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1034 debugging information) run 1035 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1036 nextboot -k testkernel 1037 1038 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1039 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1040 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1041 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1042 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1043 1044 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1045 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1046 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1047 make depend 1048 make 1049 make install 1050 1051 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1052 1053 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1054 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1055 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1056 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1057 1058 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1059 make buildworld 1060 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1061 [1] 1062 <reboot in single user> [3] 1063 mergemaster -p [5] 1064 make installworld 1065 make delete-old 1066 mergemaster [4] 1067 <reboot> 1068 1069 1070 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1071 -------------------------------------------------- 1072 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1073 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1074 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1075 # size. 1076 1077 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1078 <boot into -stable> 1079 make buildworld 1080 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1081 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1082 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1083 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1084 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1085 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1086 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1087 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1088 <reboot into current> 1089 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1090 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1091 <reboot> 1092 1093 1094 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1095 ---------------------------------------------- 1096 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1097 make buildworld [9] 1098 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1099 [1] 1100 <reboot in single user> [3] 1101 mergemaster -p [5] 1102 make installworld 1103 make delete-old 1104 mergemaster -i [4] 1105 <reboot> 1106 1107 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1108 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1109 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1110 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1111 the UPDATING entries. 1112 1113 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1114 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1115 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1116 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1117 much fewer pitfalls. 1118 1119 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1120 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1121 system on reboot. 1122 1123 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1124 fsck -p 1125 mount -u / 1126 mount -a 1127 cd src 1128 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1129 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1130 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1131 1132 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1133 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1134 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1135 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1136 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1137 for potential gotchas. 1138 1139 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1140 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1141 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1142 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1143 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1144 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1145 1146 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1147 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1148 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1149 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1150 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1151 1152 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1153 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1154 1155 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1156 cvs prune empty directories. 1157 1158 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1159 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1160 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1161 1162 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1163 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1164 warn if it is improperly defined. 1165FORMAT: 1166 1167This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1168breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1169and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1170previous releases if your system is older than this. 1171 1172Copyright information: 1173 1174Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1175 1176Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1177modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1178document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1179 1180THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1181IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1182WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1183DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1184INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1185(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1186SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1187HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1188STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1189IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1190POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1191 1192If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1193author a beer. 1194 1195Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1196this document. 1197 1198$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 186345 2008-12-19 23:12:14Z sam $ 1199