UPDATING revision 180345
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080609: 26 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 27 disks instead. 28 2920080603: 30 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 31 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 32 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 33 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 34 3520080525: 36 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 37 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 38 3920080509: 40 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 41 see the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 42 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 43 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 44 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 45 4620080420: 47 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 48 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 49 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 50 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 51 For example, change: 52 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 53 to 54 wlans_ath0=wlan0 55 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 56 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 57 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 58 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 59 60 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 61 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 62 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 63 6420080408: 65 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 66 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 67 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 68 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 69 other operation levels. 70 7120080312: 72 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 73 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 74 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 75 compatibility with any prior release: 76 77 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 78 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 79 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 80 8120080301: 82 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 83 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 84 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 85 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 86 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 87 nonetheless. 88 8920080229: 90 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 91 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 92 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 93 with older hardware easier to do. 94 9520080220: 96 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 97 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 98 9920080211: 100 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 101 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 102 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 103 firewall rules. 104 10520080208: 106 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 107 mbuf chains. 108 10920080126: 110 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 111 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 112 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 113 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 114 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 115 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 116 third-party software might fail to build after this change 117 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 118 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 119 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 120 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 121 case that a portable fix is impossible. 122 12320080123: 124 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 125 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 126 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 127 12820071128: 129 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 130 functionality is the default now. 131 13220071118: 133 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 134 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 135 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 136 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 137 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 138 139 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 140 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 141 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 142 14320071024: 144 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 145 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 146 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 147 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 148 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 149 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 150 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 151 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 152 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 153 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 154 however. 155 15620071020: 157 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 158 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 159 used kproc_start().. 160 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 161 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 162 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 163 16420071010: 165 RELENG_7 branched. 166 16720071009: 168 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 169 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 170 17120070930: 172 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 173 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 174 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 175 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 176 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 177 17820070928: 179 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 180 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 181 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 182 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 183 rc.conf. 184 18520070921: 186 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 187 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 188 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 189 19020070704: 191 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 192 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 193 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 194 19520070702: 196 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 197 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 198 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 199 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 200 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 201 20220070701: 203 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 204 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 205 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 206 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 207 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 208 will change after some settling time. 209 21020070701: 211 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 212 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 213 information. 214 21520070612: 216 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 217 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 218 accordingly. 219 22020070612: 221 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 222 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 223 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 224 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 225 22620070612: 227 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 228 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 229 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 230 the IPv4 network stack. 231 232 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 233 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 234 has now been removed. 235 236 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 237 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 238 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 239 updated to reflect this. 240 241 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 242 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 243 interfaces. 244 24520070610: 246 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 247 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 248 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 249 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 250 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 251 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 252 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 253 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 254 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 255 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 256 operating properly. 257 25820070610: 259 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 260 function and starts providing an account management function. 261 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 262 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 263 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 264 265 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 266 267 and change it according to this example: 268 269 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 270 271 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 272 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 273 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 274 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 275 27620070529: 277 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 278 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 279 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 280 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 281 28220070516: 283 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 284 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 285 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 286 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 287 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 288 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 289 symbol. 290 29120070513: 292 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 293 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 294 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 295 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 296 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 297 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 298 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 299 300 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 301 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 302 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 303 30420070423: 305 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 306 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 307 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 308 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 309 31020070417: 311 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 312 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 313 31420070408: 315 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 316 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 317 base operating system should be recompiled. 318 31920070302: 320 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 321 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 322 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 323 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 324 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 325 32620070228: 327 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 328 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 329 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 330 deprecated in previous releases. 331 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 332 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 333 33420070224: 335 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 336 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 337 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 338 sync. For more info: 339 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 340 34120070224: 342 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 343 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 344 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 345 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 346 34720070214: 348 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 349 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 350 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 351 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 352 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 353 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 354 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 355 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 356 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 357 35820070210: 359 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 360 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 361 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 362 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 363 ip_mroute.ko module. 364 36520070207: 366 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 367 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 368 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 369 mrouted.conf. 370 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 371 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 372 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 373 37420061221: 375 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 376 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 377 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 378 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 379 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 380 in the loader. 381 38220061214: 383 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 384 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 385 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 386 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 387 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 388 38920061214: 390 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 391 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 392 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 393 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 394 39520061205: 396 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 397 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 398 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 399 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 400 linux module. 401 40220061126: 403 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 404 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 405 with exceptions of followings: 406 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 407 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 408 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 409 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 410 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 411 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 412 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 413 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 414 41520061122: 416 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 417 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 418 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 419 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 420 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 421 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 422 423 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 424 425 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 426 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can can than rebuild 427 the array the same way you built it originally. 428 42920061122: 430 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 431 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 432 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 433 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 434 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 435 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 436 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 437 43820061113: 439 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 440 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 441 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 442 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 443 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 444 44520061110: 446 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 447 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 448 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 449 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 450 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 451 45220061026: 453 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 454 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 455 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 456 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 457 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 458 added to 'struct proc'. 459 46020060929: 461 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 462 46320060927: 464 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 465 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 466 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 467 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 468 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 469 47020060924: 471 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 472 47320060913: 474 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 475 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 476 systat needs to be rebuilt. 477 47820060903: 479 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 480 48120060816: 482 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 483 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 484 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 485 48620060725: 487 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 488 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 489 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 490 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 491 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 492 49320060709: 494 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 495 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 496 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 497 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 498 49920060627: 500 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 501 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 502 accordingly. 503 50420060514: 505 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 506 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 507 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 508 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 509 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 510 51120060511: 512 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 513 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 514 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 515 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 516 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 517 `make installworld' with: 518 519 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 520 521 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 522 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 523 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 524 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 525 52620060412: 527 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 528 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 529 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 530 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 531 rewrite rules. 532 53320060428: 534 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 535 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 536 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 537 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 538 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 539 implements the interface to support it. 540 54120060330: 542 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 543 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 544 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 545 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 546 functional. 547 54820060317: 549 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 550 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 551 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 552 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 553 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 554 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 555 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 556 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 557 likely follow. Posting to current@: 558 559 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 560 56120060305: 562 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 563 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 564 56520060303: 566 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 567 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 568 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 569 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 570 its dependencies. 571 57220060204: 573 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 574 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 575 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 576 57720060201: 578 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 579 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 580 58120060118: 582 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 583 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 584 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 585 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 586 on your next install. 587 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 588 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 589 to your /etc/make.conf. 590 59120060113: 592 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 593 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 594 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 595 59620060112: 597 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 598 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 599 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 600 60120060106: 602 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 603 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 604 60520060106: 606 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 607 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 608 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 609 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 610 61120051231: 612 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 613 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 614 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 615 61620051211: 617 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 618 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 619 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 620 accordingly. 621 62220051202: 623 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 624 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 625 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 626 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 627 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 628 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 629 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 630 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 631 63220051129: 633 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 634 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 635 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 636 63720051129: 638 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 639 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 640 64120051108: 642 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 643 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 644 64520051029: 646 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 647 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 648 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 649 65020051014: 651 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 652 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 653 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 654 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 655 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 656 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 657 modules afterwards. 658 65920051001: 660 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 661 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 662 66320050927: 664 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 665 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 666 66720050722: 668 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 669 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 670 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 671 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 672 architecture. 673 67420050711: 675 RELENG_6 branched here. 676 67720050629: 678 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 679 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 680 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 681 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 682 removable_interfaces. 683 68420050616: 685 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 686 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 687 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 688 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 689 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 690 affect existing configurations. 691 69220050610: 693 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 694 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 695 updated to the new APIs. 696 69720050609: 698 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 699 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 700 will not behave correctly. 701 702 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 703 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 704 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 705 70620050606: 707 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 708 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 709 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 710 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 711 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 712 713 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 714 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 715 anyway). 716 71720050605: 718 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 719 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 720 72120050603: 722 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 723 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 724 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 725 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 726 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 727 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 728 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 729 73020050528: 731 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 732 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 733 fail after this date. For full details, please see 734 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 735 73620050503: 737 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 738 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 739 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 740 74120050415: 742 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 743 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 744 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 745 should be updated. 746 74720050227: 748 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 749 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 750 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 751 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 752 75320050225: 754 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 755 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 756 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 757 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 758 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 759 none at this point.) 760 76120050224: 762 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 763 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 764 76520050223: 766 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 767 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 768 with the new kernel. 769 77020050223: 771 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 772 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 773 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 774 77520050220: 776 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 777 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 778 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 779 if you have updated the kernel. 780 781 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 782 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 783 mounting the new volume. 784 78520050206: 786 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 787 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 788 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 789 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 790 79120050206: 792 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 793 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 794 79520050114: 796 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 797 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 798 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 799 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 800 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 801 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 802 80320041221: 804 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 805 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 806 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 807 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 808 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 809 81020041219: 811 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 812 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 813 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 814 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 815 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 816 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 817 and wlan_xauth as required. 818 81920041213: 820 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 821 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 822 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 823 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 824 reflect the change. 825 82620041201: 827 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 828 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 829 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 830 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 831 the module when a wep key is configured). 832 83320041201: 834 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 835 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 836 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 837 83820041116: 839 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 840 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 841 84220041110: 843 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 844 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 845 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 846 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 847 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 848 their /etc/rc scripts. 849 85020041104: 851 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 852 85320041102: 854 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 855 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 856 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 857 85820041022: 859 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 860 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 861 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 862 86320041016: 864 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 865 in the RELENG_5 branch. 866 867COMMON ITEMS: 868 869 General Notes 870 ------------- 871 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 872 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 873 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 874 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 875 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 876 on the -current branch). 877 878 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 879 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 880 environment when searching for values for global variables. 881 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 882 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 883 page for more details. 884 885 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 886 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 887 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 888 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 889 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 890 version upgrade. 891 892 To build a kernel 893 ----------------- 894 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 895 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 896 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 897 898 make kernel-toolchain 899 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 900 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 901 902 To test a kernel once 903 --------------------- 904 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 905 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 906 debugging information) run 907 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 908 nextboot -k testkernel 909 910 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 911 -------------------------------------------------------------- 912 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 913 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 914 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 915 916 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 917 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 918 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 919 make depend 920 make 921 make install 922 923 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 924 925 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 926 ----------------------------------------------------------- 927 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 928 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 929 930 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 931 make buildworld 932 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 933 [1] 934 <reboot in single user> [3] 935 mergemaster -p [5] 936 make installworld 937 make delete-old 938 mergemaster [4] 939 <reboot> 940 941 942 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 943 -------------------------------------------------- 944 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 945 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 946 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 947 # size. 948 949 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 950 <boot into -stable> 951 make buildworld 952 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 953 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 954 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 955 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 956 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 957 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 958 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 959 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 960 <reboot into current> 961 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 962 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 963 <reboot> 964 965 966 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 967 ---------------------------------------------- 968 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 969 make buildworld [9] 970 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 971 [1] 972 <reboot in single user> [3] 973 mergemaster -p [5] 974 make installworld 975 make delete-old 976 mergemaster -i [4] 977 <reboot> 978 979 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 980 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 981 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 982 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 983 the UPDATING entries. 984 985 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 986 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 987 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 988 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 989 much fewer pitfalls. 990 991 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 992 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 993 system on reboot. 994 995 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 996 fsck -p 997 mount -u / 998 mount -a 999 cd src 1000 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1001 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1002 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1003 1004 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1005 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1006 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1007 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1008 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1009 for potential gotchas. 1010 1011 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1012 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1013 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1014 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1015 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1016 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1017 1018 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1019 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1020 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1021 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1022 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1023 1024 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1025 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1026 1027 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1028 cvs prune empty directories. 1029 1030 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1031 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1032 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1033 1034 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1035 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1036 warn if it is improperly defined. 1037FORMAT: 1038 1039This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1040breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1041and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1042previous releases if your system is older than this. 1043 1044Copyright information: 1045 1046Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1047 1048Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1049modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1050document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1051 1052THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1053IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1054WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1055DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1056INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1057(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1058SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1059HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1060STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1061IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1062POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1063 1064If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1065author a beer. 1066 1067Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1068this document. 1069 1070$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 180345 2008-07-07 11:44:57Z remko $ 1071