UPDATING revision 152929
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420051129: 25 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 26 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 27 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 28 2920051129: 30 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 31 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 32 3320051029: 34 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 35 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 36 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 37 3820051001: 39 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 40 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 41 4220050927: 43 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 44 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 45 4620050722: 47 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 48 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 49 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 50 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 51 architecture. 52 5320050711: 54 RELENG_6 branched here. 55 5620050629: 57 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 58 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 59 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 60 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 61 removable_interfaces. 62 6320050616: 64 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 65 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 66 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 67 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 68 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 69 affect existing configurations. 70 7120050610: 72 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 73 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 74 updated to the new APIs. 75 7620050609: 77 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 78 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 79 will not behave correctly. 80 81 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 82 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 83 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 84 8520050606: 86 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 87 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 88 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 89 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 90 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 91 9220050605: 93 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 94 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 95 9620050603: 97 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 98 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 99 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 100 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 101 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 102 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 103 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 104 10520050528: 106 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 107 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 108 fail after this date. For full details, please see 109 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 110 11120050503: 112 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 113 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 114 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 115 11620050415: 117 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 118 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 119 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 120 should be updated. 121 12220050227: 123 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 124 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 125 when crossing this point. 126 12720050225: 128 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 129 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 130 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 131 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 132 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 133 none at this point.) 134 13520050224: 136 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 137 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 138 13920050223: 140 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 141 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 142 with the new kernel. 143 14420050223: 145 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 146 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 147 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 148 14920050220: 150 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 151 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 152 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 153 if you have updated the kernel. 154 155 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 156 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 157 mounting the new volume. 158 15920050206: 160 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 161 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 162 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 163 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 164 16520050206: 166 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 167 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 168 16920050114: 170 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 171 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 172 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 173 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 174 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 175 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 176 17720041221: 178 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 179 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 180 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 181 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 182 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 183 18420041219: 185 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 186 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 187 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 188 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 189 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 190 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 191 and wlan_xauth as required. 192 19320041213: 194 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 195 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 196 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 197 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 198 reflect the change. 199 20020041201: 201 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 202 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 203 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 204 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 205 the module when a wep key is configured). 206 20720041201: 208 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 209 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 210 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 211 21220041116: 213 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 214 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 215 21620041110: 217 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 218 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 219 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 220 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 221 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 222 their /etc/rc scripts. 223 22420041104: 225 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 226 22720041102: 228 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 229 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 230 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 231 23220041022: 233 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 234 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 235 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 236 23720041016: 238 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 239 in the RELENG_5 branch. 240 241COMMON ITEMS: 242 243 General Notes 244 ------------- 245 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 246 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 247 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 248 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 249 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 250 on the -current branch). 251 252 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 253 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 254 environment when searching for values for global variables. 255 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 256 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 257 page for more details. 258 259 To build a kernel 260 ----------------- 261 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 262 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 263 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 264 265 make kernel-toolchain 266 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 267 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 268 269 To test a kernel once 270 --------------------- 271 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 272 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 273 debugging information) run 274 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 275 nextboot -k testkernel 276 277 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 278 -------------------------------------------------------------- 279 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 280 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 281 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 282 283 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 284 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 285 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 286 make depend 287 make 288 make install 289 290 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 291 292 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 293 ----------------------------------------------------------- 294 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 295 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 296 297 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 298 make buildworld 299 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 300 [1] 301 <reboot in single user> [3] 302 mergemaster -p [5] 303 make installworld 304 make delete-old 305 mergemaster [4] 306 <reboot> 307 308 309 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 310 -------------------------------------------------- 311 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 312 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 313 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 314 # size. 315 316 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 317 <boot into -stable> 318 make buildworld 319 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 320 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 321 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 322 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 323 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 324 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 325 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 326 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 327 <reboot into current> 328 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 329 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 330 <reboot> 331 332 333 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 334 ---------------------------------------------- 335 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 336 make buildworld [9] 337 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 338 [1] 339 <reboot in single user> [3] 340 mergemaster -p [5] 341 make installworld 342 make delete-old 343 mergemaster -i [4] 344 <reboot> 345 346 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 347 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 348 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 349 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 350 the UPDATING entries. 351 352 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 353 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 354 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 355 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 356 much fewer pitfalls. 357 358 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 359 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 360 system on reboot. 361 362 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 363 fsck -p 364 mount -u / 365 mount -a 366 cd src 367 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 368 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 369 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 370 371 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 372 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 373 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 374 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 375 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 376 for potential gotchas. 377 378 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 379 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 380 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 381 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 382 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 383 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 384 385 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 386 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 387 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 388 that is hard to boot to recover. 389 390 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 391 last time you updated your kernel config file. 392 393 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 394 cvs prune empty directories. 395 396 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 397 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 398 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 399 400 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 401 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 402 warn if it is improperly defined. 403FORMAT: 404 405This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 406breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 407and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 408previous releases if your system is older than this. 409 410Copyright information: 411 412Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 413 414Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 415modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 416document are permitted without further permission from the author. 417 418THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 419IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 420WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 421DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 422INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 423(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 424SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 425HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 426STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 427IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 428POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 429 430If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 431author a beer. 432 433Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 434this document. 435 436$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 152929 2005-11-29 19:13:28Z rodrigc $ 437