UPDATING revision 150795
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420051001: 25 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 26 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 27 2820050927: 29 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 30 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 31 3220050722: 33 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 34 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 35 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 36 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 37 architecture. 38 3920050711: 40 RELENG_6 branched here. 41 4220050629: 43 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 44 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 45 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 46 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 47 removable_interfaces. 48 4920050616: 50 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 51 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 52 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 53 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 54 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 55 affect existing configurations. 56 5720050610: 58 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 59 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 60 updated to the new APIs. 61 6220050609: 63 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 64 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 65 will not behave correctly. 66 67 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 68 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 69 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 70 7120050606: 72 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 73 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 74 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 75 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 76 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 77 7820050605: 79 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 80 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 81 8220050603: 83 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 84 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 85 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 86 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 87 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 88 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 89 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 90 9120050528: 92 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 93 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 94 fail after this date. For full details, please see 95 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 96 9720050503: 98 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 99 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 100 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 101 10220050415: 103 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 104 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 105 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 106 should be updated. 107 10820050227: 109 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 110 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 111 when crossing this point. 112 11320050225: 114 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 115 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 116 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 117 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 118 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 119 none at this point.) 120 12120050224: 122 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 123 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 124 12520050223: 126 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 127 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 128 with the new kernel. 129 13020050223: 131 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 132 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 133 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 134 13520050220: 136 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 137 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 138 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 139 if you have updated the kernel. 140 141 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 142 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 143 mounting the new volume. 144 14520050206: 146 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 147 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 148 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 149 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 150 15120050206: 152 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 153 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 154 15520050114: 156 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 157 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 158 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 159 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 160 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 161 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 162 16320041221: 164 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 165 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 166 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 167 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 168 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 169 17020041219: 171 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 172 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 173 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 174 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 175 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 176 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 177 and wlan_xauth as required. 178 17920041213: 180 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 181 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 182 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 183 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 184 reflect the change. 185 18620041201: 187 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 188 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 189 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 190 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 191 the module when a wep key is configured). 192 19320041201: 194 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 195 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 196 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 197 19820041116: 199 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 200 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 201 20220041110: 203 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 204 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 205 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 206 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 207 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 208 their /etc/rc scripts. 209 21020041104: 211 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 212 21320041102: 214 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 215 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 216 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 217 21820041022: 219 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 220 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 221 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 222 22320041016: 224 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 225 in the RELENG_5 branch. 226 227COMMON ITEMS: 228 229 General Notes 230 ------------- 231 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 232 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 233 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 234 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 235 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 236 on the -current branch). 237 238 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 239 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 240 environment when searching for values for global variables. 241 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 242 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 243 page for more details. 244 245 To build a kernel 246 ----------------- 247 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 248 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 249 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 250 251 make kernel-toolchain 252 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 253 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 254 255 To test a kernel once 256 --------------------- 257 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 258 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 259 debugging information) run 260 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 261 nextboot -k testkernel 262 263 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 264 -------------------------------------------------------------- 265 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 266 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 267 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 268 269 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 270 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 271 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 272 make depend 273 make 274 make install 275 276 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 277 278 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 279 ----------------------------------------------------------- 280 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 281 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 282 283 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 284 make buildworld 285 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 286 [1] 287 <reboot in single user> [3] 288 mergemaster -p [5] 289 make installworld 290 make delete-old 291 mergemaster [4] 292 <reboot> 293 294 295 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 296 -------------------------------------------------- 297 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 298 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 299 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 300 # size. 301 302 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 303 <boot into -stable> 304 make buildworld 305 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 306 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 307 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 308 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 309 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 310 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 311 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 312 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 313 <reboot into current> 314 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 315 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 316 <reboot> 317 318 319 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 320 ---------------------------------------------- 321 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 322 make buildworld [9] 323 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 324 [1] 325 <reboot in single user> [3] 326 mergemaster -p [5] 327 make installworld 328 make delete-old 329 mergemaster -i [4] 330 <reboot> 331 332 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 333 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 334 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 335 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 336 the UPDATING entries. 337 338 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 339 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 340 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 341 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 342 much fewer pitfalls. 343 344 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 345 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 346 system on reboot. 347 348 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 349 fsck -p 350 mount -u / 351 mount -a 352 cd src 353 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 354 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 355 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 356 357 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 358 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 359 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 360 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 361 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 362 for potential gotchas. 363 364 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 365 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 366 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 367 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 368 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 369 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 370 371 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 372 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 373 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 374 that is hard to boot to recover. 375 376 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 377 last time you updated your kernel config file. 378 379 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 380 cvs prune empty directories. 381 382 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 383 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 384 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 385 386 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 387 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 388 warn if it is improperly defined. 389FORMAT: 390 391This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 392breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 393and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 394previous releases if your system is older than this. 395 396Copyright information: 397 398Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 399 400Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 401modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 402document are permitted without further permission from the author. 403 404THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 405IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 406WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 407DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 408INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 409(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 410SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 411HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 412STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 413IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 414POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 415 416If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 417author a beer. 418 419Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 420this document. 421 422$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 150795 2005-10-01 20:53:51Z glebius $ 423