UPDATING revision 147109
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420050606: 25 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 26 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 27 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 28 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 29 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 30 3120050605: 32 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 33 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 34 3520050603: 36 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 37 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 38 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 39 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 40 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 41 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 42 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 43 4420050528: 45 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 46 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 47 fail after this date. For full details, please see 48 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 49 5020050503: 51 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 52 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 53 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 54 5520050415: 56 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 57 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 58 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 59 should be updated. 60 6120050227: 62 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 63 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 64 when crossing this point. 65 6620050225: 67 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 68 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 69 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 70 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 71 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 72 none at this point.) 73 7420050224: 75 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 76 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 77 7820050223: 79 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 80 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 81 with the new kernel. 82 8320050223: 84 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 85 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 86 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 87 8820050220: 89 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 90 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 91 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 92 if you have updated the kernel. 93 94 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 95 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 96 mounting the new volume. 97 9820050206: 99 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 100 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 101 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 102 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 103 10420050206: 105 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 106 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 107 10820050114: 109 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 110 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 111 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 112 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 113 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 114 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 115 11620041221: 117 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 118 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 119 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 120 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 121 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 122 12320041219: 124 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 125 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 126 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 127 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 128 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 129 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 130 and wlan_xauth as required. 131 13220041213: 133 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 134 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 135 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 136 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 137 reflect the change. 138 13920041201: 140 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 141 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 142 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 143 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 144 the module when a wep key is configured). 145 14620041201: 147 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 148 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 149 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 150 15120041116: 152 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 153 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 154 15520041110: 156 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 157 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 158 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 159 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 160 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 161 their /etc/rc scripts. 162 16320041104: 164 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 165 16620041102: 167 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 168 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 169 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 170 17120041022: 172 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 173 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 174 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 175 17620041016: 177 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 178 in the RELENG_5 branch. 179 180COMMON ITEMS: 181 182 General Notes 183 ------------- 184 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 185 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 186 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 187 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 188 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 189 on the -current branch). 190 191 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 192 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 193 environment when searching for values for global variables. 194 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 195 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 196 page for more details. 197 198 To build a kernel 199 ----------------- 200 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 201 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 202 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 203 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 204 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 205 206 To test a kernel once 207 --------------------- 208 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 209 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 210 debugging information) run 211 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 212 nextboot -k testkernel 213 214 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 215 -------------------------------------------------------------- 216 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 217 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 218 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 219 220 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 221 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 222 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 223 make depend 224 make 225 make install 226 227 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 228 229 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 230 ----------------------------------------------------------- 231 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 232 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 233 234 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 235 make buildworld 236 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 237 [1] 238 <reboot in single user> [3] 239 mergemaster -p [5] 240 make installworld 241 mergemaster [4] 242 <reboot> 243 244 245 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 246 -------------------------------------------------- 247 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 248 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 249 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 250 # size. 251 252 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 253 <boot into -stable> 254 make buildworld 255 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 256 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 257 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 258 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 259 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 260 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 261 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 262 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 263 <reboot into current> 264 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 265 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 266 <reboot> 267 268 269 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 270 ---------------------------------------------- 271 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 272 make buildworld [9] 273 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 274 [1] 275 <reboot in single user> [3] 276 mergemaster -p [5] 277 make installworld 278 mergemaster -i [4] 279 <reboot> 280 281 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 282 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 283 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 284 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 285 the UPDATING entries. 286 287 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 288 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 289 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 290 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 291 much fewer pitfalls. 292 293 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 294 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 295 system on reboot. 296 297 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 298 fsck -p 299 mount -u / 300 mount -a 301 cd src 302 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 303 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 304 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 305 306 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 307 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 308 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 309 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 310 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 311 for potential gotchas. 312 313 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 314 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 315 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 316 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 317 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 318 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 319 320 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 321 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 322 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 323 that is hard to boot to recover. 324 325 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 326 last time you updated your kernel config file. 327 328 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 329 cvs prune empty directories. 330 331 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 332 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 333 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 334 335 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 336 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 337 warn if it is improperly defined. 338FORMAT: 339 340This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 341breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 342and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 343previous releases if your system is older than this. 344 345Copyright information: 346 347Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 348 349Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 350modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 351document are permitted without further permission from the author. 352 353THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 354IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 355WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 356DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 357INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 358(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 359SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 360HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 361STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 362IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 363POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 364 365If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 366author a beer. 367 368Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 369this document. 370 371$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 147109 2005-06-07 18:07:47Z brooks $ 372