UPDATING revision 146631
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420050503: 25 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 26 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 27 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 28 2920050415: 30 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 31 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 32 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 33 should be updated. 34 3520050227: 36 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 37 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 38 when crossing this point. 39 4020050225: 41 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 42 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 43 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 44 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 45 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 46 none at this point.) 47 4820050224: 49 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 50 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 51 5220050223: 53 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 54 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 55 with the new kernel. 56 5720050223: 58 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 59 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 60 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 61 6220050220: 63 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 64 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 65 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 66 if you have updated the kernel. 67 68 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 69 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 70 mounting the new volume. 71 7220050206: 73 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 74 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 75 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 76 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 77 7820050206: 79 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 80 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 81 8220050114: 83 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 84 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 85 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 86 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 87 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 88 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 89 9020041221: 91 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 92 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 93 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 94 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 95 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 96 9720041219: 98 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 99 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 100 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 101 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 102 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 103 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 104 and wlan_xauth as required. 105 10620041213: 107 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 108 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 109 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 110 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 111 reflect the change. 112 11320041201: 114 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 115 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 116 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 117 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 118 the module when a wep key is configured). 119 12020041201: 121 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 122 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 123 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 124 12520041116: 126 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 127 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 128 12920041110: 130 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 131 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 132 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 133 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 134 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 135 their /etc/rc scripts. 136 13720041104: 138 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 139 14020041102: 141 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 142 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 143 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 144 14520041022: 146 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 147 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 148 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 149 15020041016: 151 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 152 in the RELENG_5 branch. 153 154COMMON ITEMS: 155 156 General Notes 157 ------------- 158 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 159 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 160 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 161 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 162 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 163 on the -current branch). 164 165 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 166 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 167 environment when searching for values for global variables. 168 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 169 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 170 page for more details. 171 172 To build a kernel 173 ----------------- 174 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 175 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 176 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 177 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 178 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 179 180 To test a kernel once 181 --------------------- 182 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 183 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 184 debugging information) run 185 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 186 nextboot -k testkernel 187 188 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 189 -------------------------------------------------------------- 190 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 191 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 192 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 193 194 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 195 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 196 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 197 make depend 198 make 199 make install 200 201 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 202 203 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 204 ----------------------------------------------------------- 205 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 206 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 207 208 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 209 make buildworld 210 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 211 [1] 212 <reboot in single user> [3] 213 mergemaster -p [5] 214 make installworld 215 mergemaster [4] 216 <reboot> 217 218 219 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 220 -------------------------------------------------- 221 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 222 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 223 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 224 # size. 225 226 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 227 <boot into -stable> 228 make buildworld 229 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 230 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 231 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 232 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 233 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 234 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 235 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 236 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 237 <reboot into current> 238 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 239 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 240 <reboot> 241 242 243 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 244 ---------------------------------------------- 245 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 246 make buildworld [9] 247 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 248 [1] 249 <reboot in single user> [3] 250 mergemaster -p [5] 251 make installworld 252 mergemaster -i [4] 253 <reboot> 254 255 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 256 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 257 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 258 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 259 the UPDATING entries. 260 261 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 262 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 263 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 264 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 265 much fewer pitfalls. 266 267 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 268 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 269 system on reboot. 270 271 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 272 fsck -p 273 mount -u / 274 mount -a 275 cd src 276 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 277 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 278 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 279 280 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 281 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 282 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 283 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 284 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 285 for potential gotchas. 286 287 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 288 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 289 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 290 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 291 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 292 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 293 294 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 295 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 296 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 297 that is hard to boot to recover. 298 299 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 300 last time you updated your kernel config file. 301 302 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 303 cvs prune empty directories. 304 305 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 306 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 307 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 308 309 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 310 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 311 warn if it is improperly defined. 312FORMAT: 313 314This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 315breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 316and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 317previous releases if your system is older than this. 318 319Copyright information: 320 321Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 322 323Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 324modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 325document are permitted without further permission from the author. 326 327THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 328IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 329WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 330DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 331INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 332(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 333SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 334HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 335STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 336IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 337POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 338 339If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 340author a beer. 341 342Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 343this document. 344 345$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 146631 2005-05-25 21:03:13Z netchild $ 346