UPDATING revision 114748
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT 5.0-CURRENT IS SLOW: 8 FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT has many debugging features turned on, in 9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 18 to maximize performance. 19 2020030505: 21 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting 22 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT 23 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS. 24 2520030502: 26 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and 27 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you 28 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE 29 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld. 30 3120030501: 32 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems 33 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org. 34 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can 35 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating, 36 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that 37 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed. 38 3920030423: 40 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd 41 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The 42 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You 43 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating 44 userland. In general, you should have a userland and 45 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the 46 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some 47 allowances are made. 48 4920030329: 50 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit 51 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1) 52 while upgrading the system through a buildworld. 53 54 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 55 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update 56 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee 57 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc: 58 59 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \ 60 make cleandir && make obj && \ 61 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \ 62 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install 63 6420030208: 65 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important 66 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses 67 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is 68 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines 69 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately. 70 7120030128: 72 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard. 73 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should 74 be removed when convenient. 75 7620030126: 77 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users 78 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys. 79 8020030125: 81 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently 82 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config. 83 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler 84 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like 85 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try 86 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion. 87 8820030115: 89 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree. 90 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate 91 properly. 92 93 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are 94 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line 95 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility 96 with NetBSD. 97 9820021222: 99 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 100 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 101 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 102 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 103 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 104 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 105 rebuilt. 106 10720021216: 108 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 109 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 110 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 111 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 112 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 113 11420021202: 115 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 116 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 117 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 118 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 119 12020021029: 121 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 122 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 123 consumers in sync. 124 12520021024: 126 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. 127 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to 128 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you 129 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD 130 partition really is on. The old device names have gone 131 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust 132 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in 133 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.) 134 13520021023: 136 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 137 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 138 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 139 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 140 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 141 142 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 143 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 144 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 145 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 146 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 147 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 148 14920020831: 150 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 151 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 152 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 153 154 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 155 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 156 15720020827: 158 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 159 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 160 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 161 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 162 16320020815: 164 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 165 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 166 again. 167 16820020729: 169 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 170 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 171 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 172 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 173 17420020702: 175 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 176 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 177 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 178 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 179 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 180 18120020701: 182 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 183 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 184 GNOME. 185 18620020511: 187 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 188 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 189 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 190 with the set-user-ID bit set. 191 19220020510: 193 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 194 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 195 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 196 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 197 19820020510: 199 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 200 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 201 and then do a cvs update. 202 20320020421: 204 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 205 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 206 20720020404: 208 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 209 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 210 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 211 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 212 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 213 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 214 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 215 21620020403: 217 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 218 21920020315: 220 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 221 22220020225: 223 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 224 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 225 22620020217: 227 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 228 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 229 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 230 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 231 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 232 233 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 234 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 235 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 236 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 237 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 238 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 239 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 240 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 241 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 242 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 243 as of this date. 244 24520020112: 246 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 247 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 248 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 249 you have local modifications, you can use 250 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 251 /etc/pam.d. 252 253 Please see the following url for more details: 254http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 25520011229: 256 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 257 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 258http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 259 26020011220: 261 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 262 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 263 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 264 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b 265 version have now been merged back into the base system's 266 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 267 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 268 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 269 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 270 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 271 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 272 27320011215: 274 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 275 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 276 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 277 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 278 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 279 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 280 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 281 fdcontrol(8). 282 28320011209: 284 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 285 and truss(1) now works again. 286 28720011207: 288 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 289 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 290 see 291http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 292 for details. 293 29420011204: 295 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 296 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 297 29820011203: 299 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 300 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 301 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 302 not there already. 303 304 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 305 until the issue has been resolved. 306 30720011202: 308 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 309 patched. 310 31120011126: 312 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 313 after this date. You need to do this only once. 314 31520011103: 316 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 317 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 318 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 319 32020011030: 321 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 322 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 323 32420011030: 325 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 326 32720011027: 328 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 329 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 330 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 331 try to use from this date forward. 332 33320011025: 334 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 335 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 336 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 337 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 338 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 339 34020011001: 341 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 342 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 343 at the same time. 344 34520010929: 346 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 347 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 348 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 349 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 350 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 351 35220010927: 353 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 354 To disable ACPI you can add 355 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" 356 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 357 loader "ok" prompt). 358 359 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 360 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 361 file and not list acpi in that list. 362 36320010924: 364 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 365 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 366 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 367 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 368 following to get them installed only once: 369 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 370 make all install 371 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 372 37320010919: 374 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 375 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 376 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 377 workaround is to add 378 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 379 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 380 can be removed afterwards. 381 382 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 383 38420010918: 385 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 386 NFS may be unstable after this date. 387 38820010912: 389 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 390 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 391 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 392 corrected. 393 39420010901: 395 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 396 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 397 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 398 have been rectified around this date. 399 40020010823: 401 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 402 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 403 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 404 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 405 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 406 permission for your name server configuration and that it 407 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 408 directory. 409 410 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 411 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 412 413 named_flags= 414 41520010709: 416 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 417 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 418 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 419 solution is to rebuild those ports. 420 42120010628: 422 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 423 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 424 42520010625: 426 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 427 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 428 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 429 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 430 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 431 43220010617: 433 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 434 43520010614: 436 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 437 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 438 kernel building methods. 439 44020010613: 441 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 442 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 443 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 444 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 445 44620010613: 447 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 448 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 449 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 450 45120010612: 452 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 453 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 454 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 455 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 456 until this bug is fixed. 457 458 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 459 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 460 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not. 461 46220010610: 463 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 464 46520010604: 466 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 467 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 468 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 469 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 470 471 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 472 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 473 it is). 474 475 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 476 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 477 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 478 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 479 48020010530: 481 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 482 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 483 a limited time. If you see 484 485install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 486 487 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 488 COPY=-C. 489 49020010525: 491 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 492 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 493 definitely is in bad shape. 494 49520010521: 496 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems 497 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 498 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 499 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 500 is 501Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 502 50320010520: 504 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 505 50620010519: 507 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 508 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 509 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 510 51120010517: 512 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 513 userland at the same time. 514 51520010517: 516 New ncurses imported. 517 51820010512: 519 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 520 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 521 52220010504: 523 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 524 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 525 52620010502: 527 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 528 52920010501: 530 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 531 53220010430: 533 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 534 go back in the water. 535 53620010429: 537 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 538 this date, but before the correction date. 539 54020010423: 541 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 542 54320010411: 544 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 545 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 546 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 547 fsck with the new kernel ever. 548 54920010330: 550 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 551 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 552 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 553 55420010319: 555 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 556 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 557 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 558 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 559 56020010315: 561 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 562 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 563 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 564 56520010312: 566 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 567 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 568 56920010312: 570 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 571 instead of ad-hoc. 572 57320010310: 574 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 575 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 576 ssh might not work if you don't. 577 57820010303: 579 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 580 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 581 you use the ed driver. 582 58320010220: 584 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 585 safe to go back into the water. 586 58720010211: 588 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 589 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 590 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 591 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 592 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 593 594 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 595 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 596 don't have to move this to the updating section. 597 598 To get around the installworld problem, do: 599 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 600 # make install 601 # cd /usr/src 602 # make installworld 603 If that doesn't work, then try: 604 # make -k installworld 605 # make installworld 606 60720010207: 608 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 609 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 610 61120010205: 612 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 613 Remove them from your config. 614 61520010122: 616 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 617 buildkernel has been changed slightly 618 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 619 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 620 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 621 62220010119: 623 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 624 This requires a new config to build correctly. 625 62620010116: 627 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 628 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 629 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 630 63120010110: 632 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 633 63420010102: 635 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 636 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 637 63820010101: 639 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 640 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 641 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 642 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 643 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 644 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 645 might have been ignored by the -k option. 646 647 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 648 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 649 of this working. 650 65120001228: 652 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 653 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed 654 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 655 65620001218: 657 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 658 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 659 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 660 cards will not be recognized without it. 661 66220001205: 663 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 664 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 665 adding the following in pam.conf: 666 667 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 668 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 669 sshd session required pam_permit.so 670 67120001031: 672 cvs updated to 1.11. 673 67420001020: 675 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 676 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 677 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 678 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 679 workaround. 680 68120001010: 682 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 683 Sendmail has been updated. 684 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 685 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 686 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 687 is set. 688 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 689 commands. 690 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 691 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 692 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 693 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 694 695 More details can be found at 696 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 697 69820001009: 699 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 700 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 701 70220001006: 703 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 704 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 705 /usr/bin/miniperl. 706 70720001005: 708 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 709 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 710 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 711 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 712 tree for anything to work. 713 71420000928: 715 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 716 71720000916: 718 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 719 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 720 same time as your kernel. 721 72220000914: 723 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 724 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 725 when they resume. Include 726 device pmtimer 727 in your config file and 728 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 729 to your /boot/device.hints file. 730 73120000911: 732 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 733 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 734 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 735 own kernel config file. 736 Remove: 737 options RANDOMDEV 738 Add: 739 device random 740 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 741 nothing. 742 74320000909: 744 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 745 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 746 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 747 The line should read: 748 random_load="YES" 749 75020000907: 751 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 752 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 753 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 754 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 755 first blush appear related to SMP. 756 75720000906: 758 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 759 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 760 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 761 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 762 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 763 76420000905: 765 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 766 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 767 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 768 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 769 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 770 77120000905: 772 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 773 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 774 is /boot/kernel. 775 776 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 777 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 778 installkernel/installworld dance. 779 780 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 781 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 782 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 783 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 784 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 785 786 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 787 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 788 chflags noschg /kernel.old 789 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 790 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 791 fi 792 79320000904: 794 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 795 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 796 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 797 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 798 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 799 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 800 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 801 is not likely to be generated. 802 80320000825: 804 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 805 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 806 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 807 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 808 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 809 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 810 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 811 kernel. 812 81320000821: 814 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 815 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 816 /boot/loader.conf. 817 81820000812: 819 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 820 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 821 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 822 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 823 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 824 will fix this until the next build. 825 82620000812: 827 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 828 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 829 include: 830 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 831 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 832 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 833 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 834 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 835 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 836 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 837 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 838 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 839 84020000810: 841 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 842 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 843 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 844 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 845 specific use for it. 846 84720000729: 848 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 849 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 850 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 851 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 852 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 853 inetd_enable="YES" 854 portmap_enable="YES" 855 sendmail_enable="YES" 856 85720000728: 858 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 859 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 860 86120000728: 862 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 863 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 864 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 865 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 866 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 867 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 868 to /MYKERNEL. 869 87020000711: 871 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 872 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 873 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 874 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 875 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 876 to get around them. 877 878 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 879 clauses above, you needn't worry. 880 88120000711: 882 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 883 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 884 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 885 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 886 88720000710: 888 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 889 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 890 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 891 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 892 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 893 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 894 errors. (see below, 20000624). 895 896 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 897 89820000709: 899 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 900 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 901 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 902 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 903 90420000706: 905 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 906 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 907 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 908 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 909 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 910 interim if needed. 911 91220000705: 913 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 914 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 915 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 916 details. 917 91820000704: 919 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 920 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 921 92220000704: 923 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 924 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 925 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 926 92720000630: 928 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 929 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 930 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 931 93220000625: 933 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 934 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 935 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 936 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 937 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 938 were required. You should check with the latest collections 939 to make sure that these haven't changed. 940 94120000624: 942 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 943 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 944 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 945 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 946 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 947 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 948 date to the completion of the work. 949 950 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 951 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 952 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 953 recreate the random and urandom devices. 954 95520000622: 956 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 957 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 958 that used to be required when updating. 959 96020000621: 961 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 962 the config file update procedure. 963 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 964 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 965 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file: 966 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT 967 96820000620: 969 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 970 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 971 that workaround will no longer be required. 972 97320000615: 974 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 975 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 976 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 977 devices. 978 979 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 980 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 981 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 982 may work). 983 98420000612: 985 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 986 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 987 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 988 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 989 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 990 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 991 992 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 993 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 994 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 995 in it. 996 99720000522: 998 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 999 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 1000 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 1001 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 1002 1003 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 1004 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 1005 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 1006 is resolved. 1007 100820000513: 1009 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 1010 101120000510: 1012 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 1013 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 1014 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 1015 101620000503: 1017 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 1018 is now available. 1019 102020000502: 1021 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 1022 connected to the kernel building instead. 1023 102420000427: 1025 You may need to build gperf 1026 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 1027 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 1028 an option only in -current. 1029 103020000417: 1031 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 1032 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 1033 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 1034 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 1035 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 1036 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 1037 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 1038 103920000320: 1040 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 1041 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 1042 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 1043 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 1044 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 1045 104620000319: 1047 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 1048 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 1049 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 1050 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 1051 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 1052 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 1053 105420000318: 1055 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 1056 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 1057 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 1058 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 1059 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 1060 that you are loading are up to date. 1061 106220000315: 1063 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 1064 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 1065 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 1066 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 1067 boot. 1068 106920000315: 1070 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 1071 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 1072 1073COMMON ITEMS: 1074 1075 General Notes 1076 ------------- 1077 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1078 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1079 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1080 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1081 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1082 on the -current branch). 1083 1084 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1085 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1086 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1087 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1088 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1089 page for more details. 1090 1091 To build a kernel 1092 ----------------- 1093 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1094 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1095 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1096 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1097 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1098 1099 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1100 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1101 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 1102 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1103 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1104 make depend 1105 make 1106 make install 1107 1108 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1109 1110 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1111 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1112 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1113 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1114 1115 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1116 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1117 make buildworld 1118 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1119 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1120 [1] 1121 <reboot in single user> [3] 1122 mergemaster -p [5] 1123 make installworld 1124 mergemaster [4] 1125 <reboot> 1126 1127 1128 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1129 -------------------------------------------------- 1130 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1131 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1132 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1133 # size. 1134 1135 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1136 <boot into -stable> 1137 make buildworld 1138 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1139 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1140 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1141 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1142 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \ 1143 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed 1144 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1145 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1146 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1147 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1148 <reboot into current> 1149 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1150 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat> 1151 <reboot> 1152 1153 1154 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 1155 ---------------------------------------------- 1156 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1157 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x 1158 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1159 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1160 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 1161 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1162 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1163 # space on /. 1164 1165 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1166 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1167 make buildworld [9] 1168 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1169 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1170 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1171 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6] 1172 [1] 1173 <reboot in single user> [3] 1174 mergemaster -p [5] 1175 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1176 make installworld 1177 mergemaster [4] 1178 <reboot> 1179 1180 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1181 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1182 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1183 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1184 the UPDATING entries. 1185 1186 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1187 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1188 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1189 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1190 much fewer pitfalls. 1191 1192 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1193 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1194 system on reboot. 1195 1196 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1197 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1198 configuration. 1199 1200 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1201 fsck -p 1202 mount -u / 1203 mount -a 1204 cd /usr/src 1205 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1206 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1207 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1208 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1209 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1210 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1211 1212 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1213 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1214 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1215 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1216 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1217 for potential gotchas. 1218 1219 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1220 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1221 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1222 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1223 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1224 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1225 1226 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1227 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1228 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1229 ok unload 1230 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1231 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1232 described here. 1233 1234 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1235 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386 1236 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the 1237 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break. 1238 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1239 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. 1240 1241 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1242 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1243 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1244 that is hard to boot to recover. 1245 1246 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1247 cvs prune empty directories. 1248FORMAT: 1249 1250This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1251breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1252and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1253previous releases if your system is older than this. 1254 1255Copyright information: 1256 1257Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1258 1259Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1260modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1261document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1262 1263THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1264IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1265WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1266DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1267INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1268(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1269SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1270HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1271STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1272IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1273POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1274 1275If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1276author a beer. 1277 1278Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1279this document. 1280 1281$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 114748 2003-05-05 20:05:37Z markm $ 1282