UPDATING revision 77014
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained by imp@village.org. Please send new entries 4directly to him. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the end of the file. Search for 'COMMON 6ITEMS:' 7 820010521: 9 Minor repo damanged has happened. This may cause problems 10 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 11 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 12 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 13 is 14Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 15 1620010520: 17 Swapping is busted on -current. Please be patient. 18 1920010519: 20 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 21 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 22 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 23 2420010517: 25 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 26 userland at the same time. 27 2820010517: 29 New ncurses imported. 30 3120010512: 32 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 33 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 34 3520010502: 36 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 37 3820010501: 39 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 40 4120010430: 42 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 43 go back in the water. 44 4520010429: 46 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 47 this date, but before the correction date. 48 4920010423: 50 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 51 5220010411: 53 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 54 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 55 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 56 fsck with the new kernel ever. 57 5820010330: 59 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 60 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page fora 61 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 62 6320010319: 64 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 65 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 66 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 67 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netcofnig. 68 6920010315: 70 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 71 and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 72 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 73 7420010312: 75 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 76 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 77 7820010312: 79 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 80 instead of ad-hoc. 81 8220010310: 83 /dev/urandmon should be a sumbolic link to /dev/random now. 84 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 85 ssh might not work if you don't. 86 8720010220: 88 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 89 safe to go back into the water. 90 9120010211: 92 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 93 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 94 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 95 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 96 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 97 98 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 99 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 100 don't have to move this to the updating section. 101 102 To get around the installworld problem, do: 103 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 104 # make install 105 # cd /usr/src 106 # make installworld 107 If that doesn't work, then try: 108 # make -k installworld 109 # make installworld 110 11120010207: 112 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 113 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 114 11520010205: 116 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 117 Remove them from your config. 118 11920010122: 120 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 121 buildkernel has been changed slightly 122 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 123 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 124 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 125 12620010119: 127 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 128 This requires a new config to build correctly. 129 13020010116: 131 The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 132 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 133 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 134 13520010110: 136 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 137 13820010102: 139 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 140 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 141 14220010101: 143 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 144 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 145 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 146 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 147 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 148 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 149 might have been ignored by the -k option. 150 151 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 152 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 153 of this working. 154 15520001228: 156 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 157 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed 158 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 159 16020001218: 161 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 162 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 163 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 164 cards will not be recognized without it. 165 16620001205: 167 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 168 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 169 adding the following in pam.conf: 170 171 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 172 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 173 sshd session required pam_permit.so 174 17520001031: 176 cvs updated to 1.11. 177 17820001020: 179 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 180 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 181 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 182 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 183 workaround. 184 18520001010: 186 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 187 Sendmail has been updated. 188 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 189 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 190 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 191 is set. 192 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 193 commands. 194 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 195 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 196 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 197 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 198 199 More details can be found at 200 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 201 20220001009: 203 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 204 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 205 20620001006: 207 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 208 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 209 /usr/bin/miniperl. 210 21120001005: 212 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 213 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 214 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 215 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 216 tree for anything to work. 217 21820000928: 219 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 220 22120000916: 222 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 223 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 224 same time as your kernel. 225 22620000914: 227 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 228 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 229 when they resume. Include 230 device pmtimer 231 in your config file and 232 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 233 to your /boot/device.hints file. 234 23520000911: 236 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 237 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 238 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 239 own kernel config file. 240 Remove: 241 options RANDOMDEV 242 Add: 243 device random 244 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 245 nothing. 246 24720000909: 248 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 249 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 250 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 251 The line should read: 252 random_load="YES" 253 25420000907: 255 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 256 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 257 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 258 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 259 first blush appear related to SMP. 260 26120000906: 262 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 263 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 264 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 265 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 266 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 267 26820000905: 269 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 270 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 271 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 272 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 273 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 274 27520000905: 276 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 277 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 278 is /boot/kernel. 279 280 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 281 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 282 installkernel/installworld dance. 283 284 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 285 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 286 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 287 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 288 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 289 290 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 291 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 292 chflags noschg /kernel.old 293 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 294 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 295 fi 296 29720000904: 298 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 299 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 300 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 301 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 302 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 303 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 304 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 305 is not likely to be generated. 306 30720000825: 308 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 309 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 310 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 311 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 312 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 313 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 314 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 315 kernel. 316 31720000821: 318 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 319 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 320 /boot/loader.conf. 321 32220000812: 323 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 324 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 325 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 326 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 327 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 328 will fix this until the next build. 329 33020000812: 331 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 332 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 333 include: 334 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 335 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 336 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 337 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 338 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 339 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 340 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 341 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 342 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 343 34420000810: 345 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 346 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 347 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 348 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 349 specific use for it. 350 35120000729: 352 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 353 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 354 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 355 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 356 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 357 inetd_enable="YES" 358 portmap_enable="YES" 359 sendmail_enable="YES" 360 36120000728: 362 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 363 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 364 36520000728: 366 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 367 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 368 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 369 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 370 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 371 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 372 to /MYKERNEL. 373 37420000711: 375 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 376 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 377 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 378 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 379 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 380 to get around them. 381 382 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 383 clauses above, you needn't worry. 384 38520000711: 386 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 387 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 388 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 389 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 390 39120000710: 392 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 393 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 394 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 395 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 396 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 397 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 398 errors. (see below, 20000624). 399 400 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 401 40220000709: 403 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 404 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 405 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 406 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 407 40820000706: 409 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 410 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 411 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 412 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 413 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 414 interim if needed. 415 41620000705: 417 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 418 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 419 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 420 details. 421 42220000704: 423 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 424 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 425 42620000704: 427 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 428 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 429 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 430 43120000630: 432 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 433 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 434 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 435 43620000625: 437 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 438 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 439 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 440 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 441 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 442 were required. You should check with the latest collections 443 to make sure that these haven't changed. 444 44520000624: 446 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 447 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 448 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 449 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT FORWARD for cryptographic services 450 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 451 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 452 date to the completion of the work. 453 454 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 455 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 456 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 457 recreate the random and urandom devices. 458 45920000622: 460 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 461 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 462 that used to be required when updating. 463 46420000621: 465 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 466 the config file update procedure. 467 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 468 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 469 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 470 47120000620: 472 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 473 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 474 that workaround will no longer be required. 475 47620000615: 477 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 478 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 479 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 480 devices. 481 482 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 483 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 484 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 485 may work). 486 48720000612: 488 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 489 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 490 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 491 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 492 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 493 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 494 49520000522: 496 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 497 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 498 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 499 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 500 501 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 502 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 503 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 504 is resolved. 505 50620000513: 507 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 508 50920000510: 510 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 511 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 512 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 513 51420000503: 515 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 516 is now available. 517 51820000502: 519 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 520 connected to the kernel building instead. 521 52220000427: 523 You may need to build gperf 524 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 525 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 526 an option only in -current. 527 52820000417: 529 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 530 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 531 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 532 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 533 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 534 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 535 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 536 53720000320: 538 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 539 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 540 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 541 /sbin/sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,pio,pio 542 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 543 54420000319: 545 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 546 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 547 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 548 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 549 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 550 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 551 55220000318: 553 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 554 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 555 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 556 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 557 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 558 that you are loading are up to date. 559 56020000315: 561 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 562 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 563 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 564 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 565 boot. 566 56720000315: 568 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 569 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 570 571COMMON ITEMS: 572 573 General Notes 574 ------------- 575 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 576 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 577 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 578 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 579 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 580 on the -current branch). 581 582 To build a kernel 583 ----------------- 584 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 585 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 586 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 587 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 588 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 589 590 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 591 -------------------------------------------------------------- 592 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 593 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE [1] 594 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 595 make depend 596 make 597 make install 598 599 [1] If in doubt, -r might help here. 600 601 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 602 603 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 604 ----------------------------------------------------------- 605 make world 606 Build a new kernel, see above. 607 608 To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current 609 ------------------------------------- 610 make buildworld 611 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 612 cp src/sys/${MACHINE_ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 613 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 614 make installworld 615 mergemaster 616 [1] 617 <reboot> 618 619 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 620 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 621 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 622 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 623 the UPDATING entries. 624 625 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 626 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 627 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 628 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 629 much fewer pitfalls. 630 631 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 632 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 633 system on reboot. 634 635 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 636 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 637 configuration. 638 639FORMAT: 640 641This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 642breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 643and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 644previous releases if your system is older than this. 645 646Please filter your entries through Warner Losh (imp@village.org) so 647that the style, formatting, etc of this file can be maintained. 648 649$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 77014 2001-05-22 20:41:36Z imp $ 650