UPDATING revision 250104
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130429: 35 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 36 3720130426: 38 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 39 the IDEA patent expired. 40 4120130426: 42 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 43 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 44 enabled by default. 45 4620130425: 47 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 48 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 49 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 50 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 51 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 52 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 53 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 54 && make install). 55 5620130404: 57 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 58 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 59 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 60 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 61 and removed. 62 6320130319: 64 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 65 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 66 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 67 binaries will not work on older kernels. 68 6920130308: 70 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 71 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 72 7320130304: 74 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 75 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 76 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 77 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 78 is requested. 79 80 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 81 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 82 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 83 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 84 in /boot/loader.conf. 85 8620130301: 87 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 88 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 89 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 90 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 91 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 92 9320130208: 94 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 95 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 96 97 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 98 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 99 10020130129: 101 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 102 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 103 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 104 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 105 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 106 10720130118: 108 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 109 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 110 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 111 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 112 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 113 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 114 use is expected to be extremely rare. 115 11620121223: 117 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 118 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 119 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 120 12120121222: 122 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 123 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 124 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 125 be updated. 126 12720121217: 128 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 129 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 130 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 131 132 savecore_flags="" 133 13420121201: 135 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 136 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 137 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 138 13920121117: 140 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 141 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 142 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 143 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 144 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 145 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 146 14720121105: 148 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 149 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 150 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 151 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 152 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 153 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 154 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 155 branch point). 156 15720121102: 158 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 159 functionality now turned on by default. 160 16120121023: 162 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 163 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 164 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 165 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 166 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 167 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 168 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 169 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 170 of the two kernel options. 171 17220121023: 173 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 174 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 175 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 176 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 177 17820121022: 179 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 180 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 181 recompiled. 182 18320121018: 184 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 185 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 186 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 187 18820121016: 189 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 190 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 191 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 192 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 193 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 194 19520121015: 196 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 197 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 198 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 199 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 200 20120121014: 202 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 203 20420121013: 205 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 206 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 207 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 208 knob has also gone. 209 21020121006: 211 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 212 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 213 with new kernel. 214 21520121001: 216 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 217 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 218 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 219 22020120913: 221 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 222 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 223 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 224 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 225 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 226 configurations. 227 22820120908: 229 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 230 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 231 23220120828: 233 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 234 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 235 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 236 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 237 manual page. 238 23920120727: 240 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 241 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 242 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 243 24420120712: 245 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 246 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 247 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 248 24920120712: 250 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 251 with other variables: 252 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 253 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 254 25520120628: 256 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 257 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 258 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 259 installed as "bsdsort". 260 26120120611: 262 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 263 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 264 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 265 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 266 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 267 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 268 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 269 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 270 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 271 27220120417: 273 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 274 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 275 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 276 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 277 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 278 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 279 NAMESPACE section). 280 28120120328: 282 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 283 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 284 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 285 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 286 settings are unchanged. 287 28820120306: 289 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 290 platforms. 291 29220120229: 293 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 294 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 295 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 296 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 297 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 298 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 299 30020120211: 301 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 302 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 303 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 304 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 305 comes from 20111215. 306 30720120114: 308 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 309 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 310 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 311 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 312 313 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 314 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 315 31620120109: 317 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 318 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 319 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 320 tunable/sysctl. 321 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 322 32320111215: 324 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 325 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 326 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 327 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 328 not supported anymore. 329 330 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 331 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 332 need to be recompiled. 333 33420111122: 335 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 336 /dev/wmistat0. 337 33820111108: 339 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 340 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 341 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 342 time. 343 34420111101: 345 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 346 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 347 34820110930: 349 sysinstall has been removed 350 35120110923: 352 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 353 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 354 35520110913: 356 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 357 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 358 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 359 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 360 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 361 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 362 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 363 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 364 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 365 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 366 36720110828: 368 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 369 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 370 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 371 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 372 37320110815: 374 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 375 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 376 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 377 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 378 379 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 380 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 381 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 382 38320110628: 384 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 385 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 386 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 387 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 388 38920110608: 390 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 391 machdep.hlt_cpus 392 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 393 The following sysctl is retired: 394 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 395 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 396 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 397 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 398 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 399 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 400 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 401 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 402 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 403 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 404 a default scheduler. 405 40620110607: 407 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 408 a mask of CPUs. 409 41020110531: 411 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 412 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 413 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 414 world. 415 41620110513: 417 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 418 41920110503: 420 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 421 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 422 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 423 drivers need to be recompiled. 424 425 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 426 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 427 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 428 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 429 branches. 430 43120110430: 432 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 433 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 434 43520110427: 436 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 437 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 438 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 439 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 440 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 441 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 442 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 443 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 444 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 445 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 446 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 447 448 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 449 450 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 451 a diskless root fs use the old client. 452 45320110424: 454 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 455 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 456 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 457 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 458 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 459 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 460 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 461 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 462 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 463 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 464 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 465 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 466 467 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 468 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 469 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 470 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 471 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 472 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 473 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 474 them are parts of the cam module. 475 476 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 477 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 478 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 479 480 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 481 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 482 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 483 options ATA_CAM 484 device ahci 485 device mvs 486 device siis 487 , and instead add back: 488 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 489 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 490 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 491 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 492 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 493 49420110423: 495 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 496 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 497 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 498 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 499 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 500 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 501 50220110418: 503 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 504 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 505 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 506 50720110331: 508 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 509 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 510 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 511 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 512 in order to use ath on everything else. 513 514 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 515 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 516 51720110314: 518 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 519 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 520 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 521 52220110218: 523 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 524 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 525 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 526 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 527 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 528 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 529 53020110218: 531 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 532 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 533 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 534 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 535 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 536 authentication). 537 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 538 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 539 54020110207: 541 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 542 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 543 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 544 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 545 The function remains undocumented. 546 54720110112: 548 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 549 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 550 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 551 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 552 systems where the define is not present can check against 553 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 554 555 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 556 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 557 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 558 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 559 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 560 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 561 56220110103: 563 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 564 the following warning: 565 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 566 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 567 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 568 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 569 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 570 install it on your system. 571 572 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 573 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 574 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 575 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 576 57720101228: 578 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 579 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 580 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 581 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 582 be recompiled. 583 58420101114: 585 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 586 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 587 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 588 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 589 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 590 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 591 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 592 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 593 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 594 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 595 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 596 it, for example via: 597 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 598 599 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 600 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 601 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 602 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 603 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 604 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 605 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 606 607 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 608 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 609 61020101111: 611 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 612 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 613 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 614 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 615 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 616 61720101002: 618 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 619 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 620 migrate local entries to the new format. 621 62220100928: 623 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 624 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 625 upstream sshd. 626 62720100915: 628 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 629 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 630 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 631 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 632 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 633 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 634 63520100913: 636 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 637 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 638 639 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 640 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 641 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 642 default is "AUTO". 643 644 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 645 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 646 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 647 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 648 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 649 650 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 651 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 652 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 653 65420100913: 655 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 656 now i386 and amd64 only. 657 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 658 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 659 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 660 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 661 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 662 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 663 66420100725: 665 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 666 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 667 66820100722: 669 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 670 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 671 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 672 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 673 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 674 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 675 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 676 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 677 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 678 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 679 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 680 68120100713: 682 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 683 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 684 machine powerpc powerpc 685 686 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 687 after this change. 688 68920100713: 690 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 691 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 692 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 693 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 694 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 695 69620100429: 697 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 698 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 699 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 700 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 701 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 702 70320100402: 704 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 705 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 706 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 707 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 708 WITH_CTF=yes"). 709 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 710 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 711 to unwanted behavior. 712 71320100311: 714 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 715 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 716 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 717 be modified accordingly. 718 71920100113: 720 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 721 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 722 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 723 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 724 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 725 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 726 727 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 728 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 729 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 730 use of utmpx. 731 732 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 733 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 734 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 735 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 736 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 737 73820100108: 739 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 740 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 741 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 742 74320091202: 744 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 745 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 746 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 747 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 748 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 749 750 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 751 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 752 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 753 754 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 755 75620091125: 757 8.0-RELEASE. 758 75920091113: 760 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 761 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 762 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 763 operation of applications on the console. 764 765 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 766 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 767 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 768 cons25. 769 770 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 771 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 772 performed by syscons(4). 773 77420091109: 775 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 776 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 777 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 778 779 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 780 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 781 new structure. 782 78320091025: 784 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 785 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 786 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 787 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 788 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 789 iwn5150fw. 790 79120090926: 792 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 793 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 794 795 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 796 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 797 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 798 799 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 800 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 801 802 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 803 they are obsolete. 804 805 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 806 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 807 808 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 809 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 810 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 811 812 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 813 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 814 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 815 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 816 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 817 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 818 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 819 using ifconfig(8) like: 820 821 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 822 823 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 824 IPv6-preferred. 825 826 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 827 828 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 829 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 830 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 831 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 832 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 833 83420090922: 835 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 836 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 837 83820090912: 839 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 840 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 841 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 842 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 843 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 844 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 845 84620090910: 847 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 848 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 849 85020090825: 851 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 852 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 853 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 854 is 1000. 855 85620090813: 857 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 858 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 859 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 860 86120090803: 862 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 863 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 864 86520090719: 866 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 867 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 868 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 869 87020090714: 871 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 872 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 873 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 874 87520090713: 876 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 877 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 878 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 879 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 880 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 881 88220090712: 883 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 884 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 885 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 886 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 887 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 888 88920090630: 890 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 891 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 892 may need to be adjusted. 893 89420090629: 895 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 896 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 897 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 898 with routing sockets. 899 90020090628: 901 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 902 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 903 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 904 90520090624: 906 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 907 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 908 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 909 800100. 910 91120090622: 912 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 913 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 914 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 915 91620090619: 917 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 918 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 919 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 920 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 921 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 922 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 923 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 924 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 925 926 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 927 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 928 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 929 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 930 authentication method is used. 931 93220090616: 933 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 934 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 935 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 936 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 937 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 938 93920090613: 940 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 941 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 942 94320090611: 944 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 945 be rebuilt. 946 94720090608: 948 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 949 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 950 95120090602: 952 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 953 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 954 95520090601: 956 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 957 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 958 re-compiled. 959 96020090601: 961 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 962 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 963 rebuilt. 964 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 965 96620090530: 967 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 968 more valid. 969 97020090530: 971 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 972 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 973 97420090529: 975 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 976 rebuilt. 977 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 978 97920090528: 980 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 981 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 982 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 983 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 984 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 985 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 986 98720090527: 988 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 989 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 990 99120090523: 992 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 993 need to be rebuilt. 994 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 995 99620090523: 997 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 998 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 999 100020090520: 1001 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1002 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1003 100420090520: 1005 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1006 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1007 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1008 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1009 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1010 101120090430: 1012 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1013 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1014 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1015 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1016 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1017 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1018 101920090429: 1020 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1021 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1022 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1023 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1024 1025 For kernel developers: 1026 1027 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1028 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1029 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1030 1031 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1032 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1033 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1034 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1035 1036 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1037 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1038 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1039 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1040 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1041 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1042 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1043 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1044 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1045 multicast membership on-link. 1046 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1047 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1048 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1049 1050 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1051 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1052 stack. 1053 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1054 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1055 semantics. 1056 1057 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1058 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1059 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1060 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1061 1062 For application developers: 1063 1064 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1065 stack. 1066 1067 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1068 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1069 1070 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1071 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1072 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1073 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1074 1075 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1076 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1077 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1078 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1079 Multicast Source Filters'. 1080 1081 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1082 1083 For systems administrators: 1084 1085 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1086 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1087 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1088 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1089 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1090 1091 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1092 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1093 1094 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1095 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1096 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1097 recommended for optimal system performance. 1098 1099 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1100 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1101 back forwarded datagrams. 1102 1103 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1104 110520090422: 1106 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1108 110920090419: 1110 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1111 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1112 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1113 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1114 111520090415: 1116 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1117 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1118 state will require a world rebuild. 1119 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1120 112120090415: 1122 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1123 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1124 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1125 112620090414: 1127 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1128 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1129 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1130 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1131 load balancing. 1132 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1133 113420090408: 1135 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1136 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1137 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1138 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1139 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1140 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1141 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1142 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1143 114420090407: 1145 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1146 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1147 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1148 114920090320: 1150 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1151 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1152 introduces some changes: 1153 1154 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1155 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1156 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1157 1158 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1159 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1160 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1161 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1162 1163 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1164 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1165 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1166 the "386BSD" type). 1167 1168 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1169 117020090319: 1171 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1172 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1173 (supported by sane). 1174 117520090319: 1176 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1177 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1178 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1179 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1180 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1181 118220090315: 1183 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1184 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1185 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1186 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1187 used. 1188 118920090313: 1190 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1191 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1192 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1193 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1194 119520090313: 1196 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1197 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1198 119920090309: 1200 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1201 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1202 1203 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1204 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1205 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1206 1207 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1208 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1209 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1210 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1211 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1212 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1213 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1214 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1215 1216 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1217 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1218 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1219 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1220 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1221 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1222 1223 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1224 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1225 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1226 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1227 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1228 1229 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1230 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1231 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1232 via IGMP. 1233 1234 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1235 recompiled to reflect this. 1236 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1237 123820090309: 1239 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1240 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1241 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1242 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1243 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1244 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1245 124620090302: 1247 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1248 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1249 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1250 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1251 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1252 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1253 125420090301: 1255 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1256 network device driver modules. 1257 125820090227: 1259 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1260 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1261 126220090223: 1263 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1264 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1265 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1266 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1267 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1268 apply. 1269 127020090217: 1271 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1272 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1273 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1274 use the new name. 1275 127620090216: 1277 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1278 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1279 add 1280 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1281 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1282 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1283 128420090215: 1285 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1286 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1287 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1288 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1289 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1290 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1291 1292 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1293 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1294 be used for this: 1295 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1296 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1297 129820090209: 1299 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1300 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1301 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1302 130320090203: 1304 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1305 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1306 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1307 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1308 same interface. 1309 131020090201: 1311 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1312 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1313 131420090119: 1315 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1316 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1317 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1318 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1319 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1320 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1321 132220090115: 1323 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1324 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1325 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1326 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1327 132820081225: 1329 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1330 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1331 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1332 in next mpd5.3 release. 1333 133420081219: 1335 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1336 the base system (it was a port). 1337 133820081216: 1339 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1340 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1341 134220081214: 1343 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1344 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1345 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1346 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1347 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1348 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1349 none of the L2 information. 1350 135120081130: 1352 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1353 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1354 1355 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1356 1357 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1358 1359 device ath_hal 1360 1361 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1362 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1363 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1364 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1365 136620081121: 1367 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1368 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1369 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1370 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1371 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1372 packets. 1373 137420081117: 1375 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1376 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1377 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1378 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1379 138020081028: 1381 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1382 138320081009: 1384 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1385 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1386 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1387 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1388 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1389 1390 uhci_load="YES" 1391 ehci_load="YES" 1392 139320081009: 1394 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1395 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1396 sync. 1397 139820081009: 1399 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1400 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1401 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1402 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1403 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1404 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1405 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1406 140720080820: 1408 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1409 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1410 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1411 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1412 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1413 1414 PCI/ISA: 1415 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1416 1417 USB: 1418 ubser, ucycom 1419 1420 Line disciplines: 1421 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1422 1423 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1424 cause compilation to fail. 1425 142620080818: 1427 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1428 142920080801: 1430 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1431 1432 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1433 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1434 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1435 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1436 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1437 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1438 accepting the RSA key. 1439 1440 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1441 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1442 command line. 1443 1444 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1445 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1446 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1447 behavior. 1448 144920080713: 1450 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1451 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1452 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1453 1454 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1455 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1456 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1457 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1458 use the new device names. 1459 1460 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1461 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1462 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1463 at the loader prompt: 1464 1465 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1466 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1467 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1468 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1469 boot -s 1470 147120080609: 1472 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1473 disks instead. 1474 147520080603: 1476 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1477 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1478 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1479 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1480 148120080525: 1482 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1483 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1484 148520080509: 1486 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1487 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1488 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1489 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1490 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1491 149220080420: 1493 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1494 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1495 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1496 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1497 For example, change: 1498 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1499 to 1500 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1501 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1502 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1503 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1504 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1505 1506 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1507 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1508 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1509 151020080408: 1511 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1512 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1513 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1514 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1515 other operation levels. 1516 151720080312: 1518 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1519 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1520 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1521 compatibility with any prior release: 1522 1523 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1524 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1525 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1526 152720080301: 1528 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1529 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1530 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1531 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1532 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1533 nonetheless. 1534 153520080229: 1536 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1537 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1538 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1539 with older hardware easier to do. 1540 154120080220: 1542 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1543 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1544 154520080211: 1546 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1547 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1548 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1549 firewall rules. 1550 155120080208: 1552 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1553 mbuf chains. 1554 155520080126: 1556 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1557 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1558 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1559 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1560 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1561 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1562 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1563 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1564 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1565 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1566 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1567 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1568 156920080123: 1570 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1571 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1572 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1573 157420071128: 1575 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1576 functionality is the default now. 1577 157820071118: 1579 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1580 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1581 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1582 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1583 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1584 1585 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1586 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1587 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1588 158920071024: 1590 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1591 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1592 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1593 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1594 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1595 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1596 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1597 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1598 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1599 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1600 however. 1601 160220071020: 1603 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1604 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1605 used kproc_start().. 1606 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1607 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1608 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1609 161020071010: 1611 RELENG_7 branched. 1612 1613COMMON ITEMS: 1614 1615 General Notes 1616 ------------- 1617 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1618 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1619 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1620 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1621 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1622 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1623 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1624 1625 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1626 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1627 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1628 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1629 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1630 1631 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1632 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1633 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1634 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1635 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1636 1637 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1638 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1639 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1640 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1641 1642 ZFS notes 1643 --------- 1644 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1645 these two steps: 1646 1647 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1648 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1649 1650 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1651 1652 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1653 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1654 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1655 1656 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1657 1658 To build a kernel 1659 ----------------- 1660 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1661 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1662 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1663 1664 make kernel-toolchain 1665 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1666 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1667 1668 To test a kernel once 1669 --------------------- 1670 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1671 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1672 debugging information) run 1673 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1674 nextboot -k testkernel 1675 1676 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1677 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1678 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1679 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1680 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1681 1682 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1683 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1684 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1685 make depend 1686 make 1687 make install 1688 1689 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1690 1691 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1692 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1693 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1694 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1695 1696 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1697 make buildworld 1698 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1699 [1] 1700 <reboot in single user> [3] 1701 mergemaster -p [5] 1702 make installworld 1703 mergemaster -i [4] 1704 make delete-old [6] 1705 <reboot> 1706 1707 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1708 -------------------------------------------------- 1709 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1710 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1711 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1712 # size. 1713 1714 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1715 <boot into -stable> 1716 make buildworld 1717 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1718 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1719 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1720 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1721 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1722 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1723 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1724 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1725 <reboot into current> 1726 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1727 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1728 <reboot> 1729 1730 1731 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1732 ---------------------------------------------- 1733 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1734 make buildworld [9] 1735 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1736 [1] 1737 <reboot in single user> [3] 1738 mergemaster -p [5] 1739 make installworld 1740 mergemaster -i [4] 1741 make delete-old [6] 1742 <reboot> 1743 1744 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1745 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1746 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1747 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1748 the UPDATING entries. 1749 1750 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1751 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1752 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1753 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1754 much fewer pitfalls. 1755 1756 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1757 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1758 system on reboot. 1759 1760 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1761 fsck -p 1762 mount -u / 1763 mount -a 1764 cd src 1765 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1766 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1767 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1768 1769 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1770 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1771 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1772 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1773 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1774 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1775 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1776 1777 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1778 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1779 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1780 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1781 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1782 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1783 1784 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1785 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1786 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1787 1788 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1789 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1790 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1791 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1792 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1793 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1794 1795 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1796 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1797 1798 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1799 cvs prune empty directories. 1800 1801 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1802 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1803 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1804 1805 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1806 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1807 warn if it is improperly defined. 1808FORMAT: 1809 1810This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1811breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1812list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1813If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1814to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1815 1816Copyright information: 1817 1818Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1819 1820Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1821modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1822document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1823 1824THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1825IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1826WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1827DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1828INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1829(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1830SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1831HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1832STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1833IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1834POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1835 1836Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1837this document. 1838 1839$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 250104 2013-04-30 15:38:31Z des $ 1840