UPDATING revision 241913
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720121023: 28 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 29 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 30 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 31 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 32 3320121022: 34 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 35 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 36 recompiled. 37 3820121018: 39 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 40 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 41 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 42 4320121016: 44 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 45 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 46 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 47 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 48 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 49 5020121015: 51 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 52 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 53 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 54 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 55 5620121014: 57 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 58 5920121013: 60 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 61 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 62 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 63 knob has also gone. 64 6520121006: 66 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 67 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 68 with new kernel. 69 7020121001: 71 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 72 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 73 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 74 7520120913: 76 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 77 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 78 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 79 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 80 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 81 configurations. 82 8320120908: 84 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 85 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 86 8720120828: 88 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 89 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 90 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 91 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 92 manual page. 93 9420120727: 95 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 96 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 97 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 98 9920120712: 100 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 101 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 102 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 103 10420120712: 105 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 106 with other variables: 107 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 108 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 109 11020120628: 111 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 112 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 113 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 114 installed as "bsdsort". 115 11620120611: 117 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 118 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 119 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 120 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 121 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 122 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 123 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 124 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 125 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 126 12720120417: 128 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 129 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 130 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 131 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 132 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 133 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 134 NAMESPACE section). 135 13620120328: 137 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 138 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 139 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 140 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 141 settings are unchanged. 142 14320120306: 144 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 145 platforms. 146 14720120229: 148 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 149 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 150 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 151 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 152 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 153 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 154 15520120211: 156 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 157 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 158 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 159 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 160 comes from 20111215. 161 16220120114: 163 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 164 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 165 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 166 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 167 168 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 169 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 170 17120120109: 172 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 173 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 174 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 175 tunable/sysctl. 176 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 177 17820111215: 179 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 180 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 181 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 182 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 183 not supported anymore. 184 185 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 186 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 187 need to be recompiled. 188 18920111122: 190 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 191 /dev/wmistat0. 192 19320111108: 194 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 195 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 196 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 197 time. 198 19920111101: 200 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 201 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 202 20320110930: 204 sysinstall has been removed 205 20620110923: 207 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 208 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 209 21020110913: 211 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 212 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 213 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 214 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 215 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 216 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 217 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 218 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 219 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 220 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 221 22220110828: 223 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 224 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 225 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 226 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 227 22820110815: 229 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 230 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 231 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 232 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 233 234 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 235 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 236 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 237 23820110628: 239 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 240 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 241 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 242 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 243 24420110608: 245 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 246 machdep.hlt_cpus 247 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 248 The following sysctl is retired: 249 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 250 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 251 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 252 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 253 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 254 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 255 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 256 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 257 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 258 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 259 a default scheduler. 260 26120110607: 262 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 263 a mask of CPUs. 264 26520110531: 266 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 267 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 268 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 269 world. 270 27120110513: 272 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 273 27420110503: 275 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 276 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 277 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 278 drivers need to be recompiled. 279 280 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 281 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 282 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 283 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 284 branches. 285 28620110430: 287 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 288 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 289 29020110427: 291 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 292 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 293 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 294 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 295 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 296 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 297 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 298 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 299 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 300 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 301 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 302 303 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 304 305 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 306 a diskless root fs use the old client. 307 30820110424: 309 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 310 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 311 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 312 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 313 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 314 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 315 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 316 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 317 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 318 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 319 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 320 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 321 322 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 323 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 324 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 325 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 326 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 327 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 328 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 329 them are parts of the cam module. 330 331 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 332 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 333 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 334 335 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 336 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 337 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 338 options ATA_CAM 339 device ahci 340 device mvs 341 device siis 342 , and instead add back: 343 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 344 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 345 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 346 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 347 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 348 34920110423: 350 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 351 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 352 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 353 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 354 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 355 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 356 35720110418: 358 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 359 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 360 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 361 36220110331: 363 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 364 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 365 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 366 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 367 in order to use ath on everything else. 368 369 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 370 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 371 37220110314: 373 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 374 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 375 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 376 37720110218: 378 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 379 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 380 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 381 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 382 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 383 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 384 38520110218: 386 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 387 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 388 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 389 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 390 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 391 authentication). 392 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 393 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 394 39520110207: 396 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 397 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 398 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 399 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 400 The function remains undocumented. 401 40220110112: 403 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 404 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 405 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 406 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 407 systems where the define is not present can check against 408 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 409 410 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 411 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 412 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 413 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 414 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 415 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 416 41720110103: 418 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 419 the following warning: 420 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 421 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 422 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 423 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 424 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 425 install it on your system. 426 427 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 428 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 429 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 430 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 431 43220101228: 433 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 434 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 435 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 436 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 437 be recompiled. 438 43920101114: 440 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 441 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 442 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 443 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 444 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 445 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 446 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 447 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 448 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 449 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 450 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 451 it, for example via: 452 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 453 454 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 455 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 456 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 457 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 458 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 459 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 460 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 461 462 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 463 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 464 46520101111: 466 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 467 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 468 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 469 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 470 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 471 47220101002: 473 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 474 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 475 migrate local entries to the new format. 476 47720100928: 478 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 479 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 480 upstream sshd. 481 48220100915: 483 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 484 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 485 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 486 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 487 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 488 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 489 49020100913: 491 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 492 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 493 494 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 495 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 496 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 497 default is "AUTO". 498 499 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 500 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 501 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 502 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 503 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 504 505 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 506 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 507 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 508 50920100913: 510 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 511 now i386 and amd64 only. 512 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 513 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 514 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 515 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 516 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 517 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 518 51920100725: 520 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 521 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 522 52320100722: 524 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 525 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 526 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 527 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 528 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 529 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 530 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 531 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 532 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 533 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 534 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 535 53620100713: 537 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 538 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 539 machine powerpc powerpc 540 541 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 542 after this change. 543 54420100713: 545 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 546 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 547 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 548 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 549 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 550 55120100429: 552 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 553 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 554 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 555 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 556 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 557 55820100402: 559 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 560 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 561 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 562 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 563 WITH_CTF=yes"). 564 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 565 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 566 to unwanted behavior. 567 56820100311: 569 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 570 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 571 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 572 be modified accordingly. 573 57420100113: 575 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 576 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 577 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 578 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 579 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 580 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 581 582 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 583 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 584 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 585 use of utmpx. 586 587 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 588 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 589 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 590 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 591 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 592 59320100108: 594 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 595 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 596 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 597 59820091202: 599 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 600 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 601 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 602 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 603 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 604 605 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 606 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 607 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 608 609 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 610 61120091125: 612 8.0-RELEASE. 613 61420091113: 615 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 616 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 617 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 618 operation of applications on the console. 619 620 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 621 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 622 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 623 cons25. 624 625 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 626 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 627 performed by syscons(4). 628 62920091109: 630 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 631 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 632 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 633 634 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 635 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 636 new structure. 637 63820091025: 639 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 640 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 641 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 642 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 643 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 644 iwn5150fw. 645 64620090926: 647 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 648 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 649 650 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 651 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 652 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 653 654 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 655 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 656 657 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 658 they are obsolete. 659 660 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 661 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 662 663 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 664 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 665 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 666 667 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 668 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 669 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 670 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 671 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 672 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 673 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 674 using ifconfig(8) like: 675 676 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 677 678 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 679 IPv6-preferred. 680 681 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 682 683 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 684 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 685 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 686 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 687 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 688 68920090922: 690 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 691 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 692 69320090912: 694 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 695 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 696 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 697 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 698 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 699 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 700 70120090910: 702 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 703 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 704 70520090825: 706 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 707 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 708 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 709 is 1000. 710 71120090813: 712 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 713 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 714 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 715 71620090803: 717 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 718 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 719 72020090719: 721 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 722 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 723 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 724 72520090714: 726 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 727 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 728 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 729 73020090713: 731 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 732 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 733 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 734 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 735 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 736 73720090712: 738 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 739 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 740 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 741 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 742 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 743 74420090630: 745 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 746 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 747 may need to be adjusted. 748 74920090629: 750 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 751 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 752 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 753 with routing sockets. 754 75520090628: 756 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 757 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 758 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 759 76020090624: 761 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 762 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 763 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 764 800100. 765 76620090622: 767 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 768 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 769 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 770 77120090619: 772 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 773 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 774 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 775 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 776 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 777 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 778 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 779 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 780 781 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 782 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 783 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 784 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 785 authentication method is used. 786 78720090616: 788 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 789 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 790 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 791 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 792 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 793 79420090613: 795 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 796 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 797 79820090611: 799 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 800 be rebuilt. 801 80220090608: 803 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 804 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 805 80620090602: 807 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 808 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 809 81020090601: 811 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 812 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 813 re-compiled. 814 81520090601: 816 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 817 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 818 rebuilt. 819 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 820 82120090530: 822 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 823 more valid. 824 82520090530: 826 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 827 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 828 82920090529: 830 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 831 rebuilt. 832 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 833 83420090528: 835 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 836 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 837 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 838 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 839 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 840 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 841 84220090527: 843 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 844 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 845 84620090523: 847 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 848 need to be rebuilt. 849 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 850 85120090523: 852 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 853 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 854 85520090520: 856 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 857 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 858 85920090520: 860 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 861 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 862 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 863 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 864 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 865 86620090430: 867 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 868 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 869 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 870 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 871 correctly checking networking state from userland. 872 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 873 87420090429: 875 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 876 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 877 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 878 follows the IPv4 implementation. 879 880 For kernel developers: 881 882 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 883 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 884 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 885 886 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 887 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 888 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 889 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 890 891 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 892 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 893 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 894 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 895 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 896 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 897 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 898 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 899 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 900 multicast membership on-link. 901 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 902 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 903 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 904 905 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 906 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 907 stack. 908 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 909 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 910 semantics. 911 912 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 913 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 914 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 915 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 916 917 For application developers: 918 919 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 920 stack. 921 922 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 923 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 924 925 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 926 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 927 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 928 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 929 930 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 931 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 932 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 933 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 934 Multicast Source Filters'. 935 936 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 937 938 For systems administrators: 939 940 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 941 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 942 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 943 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 944 returned by getifaddrs(3). 945 946 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 947 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 948 949 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 950 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 951 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 952 recommended for optimal system performance. 953 954 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 955 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 956 back forwarded datagrams. 957 958 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 959 96020090422: 961 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 962 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 963 96420090419: 965 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 966 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 967 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 968 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 969 97020090415: 971 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 972 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 973 state will require a world rebuild. 974 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 975 97620090415: 977 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 978 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 979 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 980 98120090414: 982 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 983 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 984 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 985 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 986 load balancing. 987 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 988 98920090408: 990 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 991 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 992 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 993 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 994 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 995 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 996 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 997 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 998 99920090407: 1000 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1001 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1002 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1003 100420090320: 1005 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1006 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1007 introduces some changes: 1008 1009 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1010 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1011 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1012 1013 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1014 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1015 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1016 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1017 1018 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1019 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1020 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1021 the "386BSD" type). 1022 1023 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1024 102520090319: 1026 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1027 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1028 (supported by sane). 1029 103020090319: 1031 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1032 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1033 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1034 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1035 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1036 103720090315: 1038 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1039 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1040 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1041 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1042 used. 1043 104420090313: 1045 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1046 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1047 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1048 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1049 105020090313: 1051 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1052 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1053 105420090309: 1055 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1056 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1057 1058 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1059 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1060 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1061 1062 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1063 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1064 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1065 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1066 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1067 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1068 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1069 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1070 1071 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1072 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1073 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1074 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1075 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1076 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1077 1078 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1079 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1080 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1081 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1082 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1083 1084 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1085 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1086 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1087 via IGMP. 1088 1089 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1090 recompiled to reflect this. 1091 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1092 109320090309: 1094 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1095 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1096 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1097 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1098 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1099 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1100 110120090302: 1102 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1103 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1104 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1105 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1106 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1107 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1108 110920090301: 1110 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1111 network device driver modules. 1112 111320090227: 1114 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1115 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1116 111720090223: 1118 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1119 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1120 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1121 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1122 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1123 apply. 1124 112520090217: 1126 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1127 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1128 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1129 use the new name. 1130 113120090216: 1132 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1133 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1134 add 1135 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1136 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1137 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1138 113920090215: 1140 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1141 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1142 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1143 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1144 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1145 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1146 1147 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1148 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1149 be used for this: 1150 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1151 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1152 115320090209: 1154 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1155 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1156 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1157 115820090203: 1159 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1160 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1161 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1162 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1163 same interface. 1164 116520090201: 1166 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1167 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1168 116920090119: 1170 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1171 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1172 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1173 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1174 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1175 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1176 117720090115: 1178 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1179 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1180 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1181 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1182 118320081225: 1184 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1185 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1186 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1187 in next mpd5.3 release. 1188 118920081219: 1190 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1191 the base system (it was a port). 1192 119320081216: 1194 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1195 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1196 119720081214: 1198 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1199 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1200 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1201 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1202 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1203 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1204 none of the L2 information. 1205 120620081130: 1207 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1208 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1209 1210 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1211 1212 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1213 1214 device ath_hal 1215 1216 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1217 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1218 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1219 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1220 122120081121: 1222 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1223 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1224 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1225 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1226 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1227 packets. 1228 122920081117: 1230 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1231 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1232 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1233 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1234 123520081028: 1236 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1237 123820081009: 1239 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1240 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1241 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1242 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1243 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1244 1245 uhci_load="YES" 1246 ehci_load="YES" 1247 124820081009: 1249 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1250 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1251 sync. 1252 125320081009: 1254 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1255 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1256 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1257 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1258 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1259 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1260 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1261 126220080820: 1263 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1264 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1265 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1266 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1267 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1268 1269 PCI/ISA: 1270 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1271 1272 USB: 1273 ubser, ucycom 1274 1275 Line disciplines: 1276 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1277 1278 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1279 cause compilation to fail. 1280 128120080818: 1282 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1283 128420080801: 1285 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1286 1287 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1288 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1289 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1290 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1291 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1292 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1293 accepting the RSA key. 1294 1295 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1296 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1297 command line. 1298 1299 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1300 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1301 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1302 behavior. 1303 130420080713: 1305 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1306 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1307 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1308 1309 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1310 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1311 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1312 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1313 use the new device names. 1314 1315 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1316 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1317 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1318 at the loader prompt: 1319 1320 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1321 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1322 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1323 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1324 boot -s 1325 132620080609: 1327 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1328 disks instead. 1329 133020080603: 1331 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1332 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1333 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1334 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1335 133620080525: 1337 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1338 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1339 134020080509: 1341 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1342 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1343 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1344 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1345 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1346 134720080420: 1348 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1349 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1350 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1351 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1352 For example, change: 1353 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1354 to 1355 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1356 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1357 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1358 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1359 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1360 1361 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1362 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1363 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1364 136520080408: 1366 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1367 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1368 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1369 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1370 other operation levels. 1371 137220080312: 1373 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1374 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1375 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1376 compatibility with any prior release: 1377 1378 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1379 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1380 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1381 138220080301: 1383 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1384 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1385 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1386 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1387 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1388 nonetheless. 1389 139020080229: 1391 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1392 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1393 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1394 with older hardware easier to do. 1395 139620080220: 1397 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1398 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1399 140020080211: 1401 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1402 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1403 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1404 firewall rules. 1405 140620080208: 1407 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1408 mbuf chains. 1409 141020080126: 1411 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1412 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1413 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1414 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1415 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1416 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1417 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1418 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1419 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1420 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1421 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1422 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1423 142420080123: 1425 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1426 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1427 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1428 142920071128: 1430 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1431 functionality is the default now. 1432 143320071118: 1434 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1435 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1436 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1437 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1438 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1439 1440 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1441 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1442 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1443 144420071024: 1445 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1446 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1447 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1448 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1449 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1450 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1451 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1452 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1453 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1454 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1455 however. 1456 145720071020: 1458 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1459 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1460 used kproc_start().. 1461 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1462 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1463 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1464 146520071010: 1466 RELENG_7 branched. 1467 1468COMMON ITEMS: 1469 1470 General Notes 1471 ------------- 1472 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1473 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1474 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1475 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1476 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1477 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1478 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1479 1480 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1481 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1482 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1483 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1484 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1485 1486 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1487 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1488 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1489 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1490 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1491 1492 ZFS notes 1493 --------- 1494 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1495 these two steps: 1496 1497 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1498 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1499 1500 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1501 1502 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1503 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1504 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1505 1506 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1507 1508 To build a kernel 1509 ----------------- 1510 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1511 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1512 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1513 1514 make kernel-toolchain 1515 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1516 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1517 1518 To test a kernel once 1519 --------------------- 1520 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1521 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1522 debugging information) run 1523 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1524 nextboot -k testkernel 1525 1526 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1527 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1528 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1529 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1530 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1531 1532 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1533 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1534 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1535 make depend 1536 make 1537 make install 1538 1539 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1540 1541 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1542 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1543 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1544 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1545 1546 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1547 make buildworld 1548 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1549 [1] 1550 <reboot in single user> [3] 1551 mergemaster -p [5] 1552 make installworld 1553 mergemaster -i [4] 1554 make delete-old [6] 1555 <reboot> 1556 1557 1558 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1559 -------------------------------------------------- 1560 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1561 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1562 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1563 # size. 1564 1565 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1566 <boot into -stable> 1567 make buildworld 1568 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1569 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1570 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1571 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1572 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1573 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1574 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1575 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1576 <reboot into current> 1577 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1578 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1579 <reboot> 1580 1581 1582 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1583 ---------------------------------------------- 1584 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1585 make buildworld [9] 1586 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1587 [1] 1588 <reboot in single user> [3] 1589 mergemaster -p [5] 1590 make installworld 1591 mergemaster -i [4] 1592 make delete-old [6] 1593 <reboot> 1594 1595 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1596 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1597 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1598 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1599 the UPDATING entries. 1600 1601 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1602 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1603 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1604 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1605 much fewer pitfalls. 1606 1607 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1608 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1609 system on reboot. 1610 1611 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1612 fsck -p 1613 mount -u / 1614 mount -a 1615 cd src 1616 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1617 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1618 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1619 1620 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1621 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1622 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1623 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1624 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1625 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1626 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1627 1628 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1629 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1630 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1631 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1632 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1633 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1634 1635 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1636 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1637 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1638 1639 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1640 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1641 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1642 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1643 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1644 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1645 1646 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1647 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1648 1649 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1650 cvs prune empty directories. 1651 1652 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1653 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1654 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1655 1656 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1657 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1658 warn if it is improperly defined. 1659FORMAT: 1660 1661This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1662breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1663list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1664If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1665to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1666 1667Copyright information: 1668 1669Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1670 1671Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1672modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1673document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1674 1675THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1676IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1677WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1678DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1679INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1680(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1681SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1682HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1683STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1684IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1685POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1686 1687Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1688this document. 1689 1690$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 241913 2012-10-22 21:09:03Z glebius $ 1691