UPDATING revision 241092
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720120913: 28 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 29 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 30 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 31 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 32 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 33 configurations. 34 3520120908: 36 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 37 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 38 3920120828: 40 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 41 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 42 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 43 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 44 manual page. 45 4620120727: 47 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 48 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 49 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 50 5120120712: 52 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 53 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 54 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 55 5620120712: 57 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 58 with other variables: 59 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 60 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 61 6220120628: 63 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 64 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 65 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 66 installed as "bsdsort". 67 6820120611: 69 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 70 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 71 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 72 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 73 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 74 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 75 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 76 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 77 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 78 7920120417: 80 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 81 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 82 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 83 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 84 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 85 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 86 NAMESPACE section). 87 8820120328: 89 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 90 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 91 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 92 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 93 settings are unchanged. 94 9520120306: 96 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 97 platforms. 98 9920120229: 100 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 101 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 102 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 103 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 104 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 105 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 106 10720120211: 108 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 109 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 110 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 111 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 112 comes from 20111215. 113 11420120114: 115 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 116 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 117 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 118 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 119 120 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 121 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 122 12320120109: 124 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 125 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 126 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 127 tunable/sysctl. 128 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 129 13020111215: 131 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 132 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 133 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 134 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 135 not supported anymore. 136 137 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 138 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 139 need to be recompiled. 140 14120111122: 142 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 143 /dev/wmistat0. 144 14520111108: 146 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 147 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 148 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 149 time. 150 15120111101: 152 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 153 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 154 15520110930: 156 sysinstall has been removed 157 15820110923: 159 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 160 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 161 16220110913: 163 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 164 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 165 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 166 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 167 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 168 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 169 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 170 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 171 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 172 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 173 17420110828: 175 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 176 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 177 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 178 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 179 18020110815: 181 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 182 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 183 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 184 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 185 186 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 187 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 188 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 189 19020110628: 191 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 192 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 193 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 194 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 195 19620110608: 197 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 198 machdep.hlt_cpus 199 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 200 The following sysctl is retired: 201 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 202 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 203 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 204 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 205 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 206 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 207 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 208 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 209 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 210 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 211 a default scheduler. 212 21320110607: 214 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 215 a mask of CPUs. 216 21720110531: 218 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 219 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 220 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 221 world. 222 22320110513: 224 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 225 22620110503: 227 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 228 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 229 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 230 drivers need to be recompiled. 231 232 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 233 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 234 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 235 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 236 branches. 237 23820110430: 239 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 240 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 241 24220110427: 243 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 244 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 245 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 246 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 247 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 248 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 249 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 250 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 251 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 252 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 253 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 254 255 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 256 257 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 258 a diskless root fs use the old client. 259 26020110424: 261 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 262 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 263 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 264 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 265 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 266 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 267 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 268 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 269 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 270 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 271 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 272 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 273 274 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 275 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 276 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 277 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 278 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 279 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 280 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 281 them are parts of the cam module. 282 283 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 284 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 285 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 286 287 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 288 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 289 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 290 options ATA_CAM 291 device ahci 292 device mvs 293 device siis 294 , and instead add back: 295 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 296 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 297 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 298 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 299 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 300 30120110423: 302 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 303 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 304 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 305 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 306 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 307 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 308 30920110418: 310 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 311 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 312 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 313 31420110331: 315 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 316 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 317 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 318 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 319 in order to use ath on everything else. 320 321 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 322 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 323 32420110314: 325 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 326 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 327 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 328 32920110218: 330 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 331 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 332 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 333 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 334 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 335 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 336 33720110218: 338 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 339 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 340 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 341 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 342 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 343 authentication). 344 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 345 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 346 34720110207: 348 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 349 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 350 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 351 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 352 The function remains undocumented. 353 35420110112: 355 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 356 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 357 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 358 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 359 systems where the define is not present can check against 360 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 361 362 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 363 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 364 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 365 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 366 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 367 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 368 36920110103: 370 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 371 the following warning: 372 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 373 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 374 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 375 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 376 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 377 install it on your system. 378 379 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 380 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 381 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 382 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 383 38420101228: 385 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 386 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 387 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 388 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 389 be recompiled. 390 39120101114: 392 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 393 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 394 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 395 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 396 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 397 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 398 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 399 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 400 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 401 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 402 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 403 it, for example via: 404 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 405 406 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 407 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 408 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 409 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 410 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 411 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 412 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 413 414 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 415 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 416 41720101111: 418 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 419 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 420 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 421 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 422 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 423 42420101002: 425 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 426 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 427 migrate local entries to the new format. 428 42920100928: 430 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 431 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 432 upstream sshd. 433 43420100915: 435 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 436 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 437 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 438 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 439 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 440 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 441 44220100913: 443 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 444 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 445 446 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 447 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 448 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 449 default is "AUTO". 450 451 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 452 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 453 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 454 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 455 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 456 457 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 458 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 459 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 460 46120100913: 462 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 463 now i386 and amd64 only. 464 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 465 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 466 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 467 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 468 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 469 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 470 47120100725: 472 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 473 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 474 47520100722: 476 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 477 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 478 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 479 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 480 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 481 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 482 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 483 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 484 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 485 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 486 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 487 48820100713: 489 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 490 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 491 machine powerpc powerpc 492 493 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 494 after this change. 495 49620100713: 497 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 498 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 499 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 500 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 501 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 502 50320100429: 504 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 505 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 506 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 507 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 508 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 509 51020100402: 511 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 512 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 513 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 514 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 515 WITH_CTF=yes"). 516 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 517 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 518 to unwanted behavior. 519 52020100311: 521 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 522 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 523 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 524 be modified accordingly. 525 52620100113: 527 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 528 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 529 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 530 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 531 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 532 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 533 534 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 535 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 536 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 537 use of utmpx. 538 539 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 540 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 541 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 542 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 543 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 544 54520100108: 546 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 547 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 548 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 549 55020091202: 551 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 552 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 553 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 554 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 555 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 556 557 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 558 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 559 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 560 561 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 562 56320091125: 564 8.0-RELEASE. 565 56620091113: 567 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 568 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 569 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 570 operation of applications on the console. 571 572 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 573 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 574 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 575 cons25. 576 577 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 578 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 579 performed by syscons(4). 580 58120091109: 582 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 583 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 584 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 585 586 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 587 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 588 new structure. 589 59020091025: 591 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 592 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 593 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 594 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 595 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 596 iwn5150fw. 597 59820090926: 599 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 600 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 601 602 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 603 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 604 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 605 606 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 607 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 608 609 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 610 they are obsolete. 611 612 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 613 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 614 615 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 616 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 617 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 618 619 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 620 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 621 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 622 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 623 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 624 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 625 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 626 using ifconfig(8) like: 627 628 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 629 630 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 631 IPv6-preferred. 632 633 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 634 635 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 636 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 637 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 638 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 639 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 640 64120090922: 642 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 643 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 644 64520090912: 646 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 647 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 648 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 649 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 650 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 651 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 652 65320090910: 654 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 655 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 656 65720090825: 658 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 659 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 660 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 661 is 1000. 662 66320090813: 664 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 665 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 666 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 667 66820090803: 669 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 670 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 671 67220090719: 673 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 674 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 675 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 676 67720090714: 678 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 679 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 680 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 681 68220090713: 683 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 684 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 685 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 686 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 687 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 688 68920090712: 690 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 691 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 692 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 693 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 694 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 695 69620090630: 697 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 698 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 699 may need to be adjusted. 700 70120090629: 702 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 703 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 704 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 705 with routing sockets. 706 70720090628: 708 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 709 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 710 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 711 71220090624: 713 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 714 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 715 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 716 800100. 717 71820090622: 719 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 720 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 721 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 722 72320090619: 724 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 725 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 726 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 727 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 728 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 729 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 730 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 731 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 732 733 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 734 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 735 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 736 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 737 authentication method is used. 738 73920090616: 740 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 741 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 742 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 743 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 744 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 745 74620090613: 747 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 748 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 749 75020090611: 751 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 752 be rebuilt. 753 75420090608: 755 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 756 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 757 75820090602: 759 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 760 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 761 76220090601: 763 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 764 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 765 re-compiled. 766 76720090601: 768 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 769 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 770 rebuilt. 771 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 772 77320090530: 774 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 775 more valid. 776 77720090530: 778 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 779 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 780 78120090529: 782 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 783 rebuilt. 784 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 785 78620090528: 787 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 788 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 789 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 790 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 791 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 792 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 793 79420090527: 795 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 796 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 797 79820090523: 799 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 800 need to be rebuilt. 801 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 802 80320090523: 804 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 805 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 806 80720090520: 808 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 809 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 810 81120090520: 812 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 813 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 814 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 815 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 816 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 817 81820090430: 819 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 820 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 821 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 822 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 823 correctly checking networking state from userland. 824 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 825 82620090429: 827 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 828 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 829 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 830 follows the IPv4 implementation. 831 832 For kernel developers: 833 834 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 835 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 836 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 837 838 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 839 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 840 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 841 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 842 843 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 844 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 845 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 846 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 847 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 848 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 849 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 850 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 851 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 852 multicast membership on-link. 853 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 854 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 855 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 856 857 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 858 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 859 stack. 860 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 861 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 862 semantics. 863 864 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 865 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 866 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 867 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 868 869 For application developers: 870 871 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 872 stack. 873 874 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 875 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 876 877 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 878 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 879 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 880 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 881 882 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 883 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 884 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 885 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 886 Multicast Source Filters'. 887 888 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 889 890 For systems administrators: 891 892 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 893 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 894 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 895 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 896 returned by getifaddrs(3). 897 898 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 899 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 900 901 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 902 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 903 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 904 recommended for optimal system performance. 905 906 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 907 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 908 back forwarded datagrams. 909 910 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 911 91220090422: 913 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 914 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 915 91620090419: 917 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 918 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 919 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 920 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 921 92220090415: 923 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 924 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 925 state will require a world rebuild. 926 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 927 92820090415: 929 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 930 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 931 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 932 93320090414: 934 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 935 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 936 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 937 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 938 load balancing. 939 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 940 94120090408: 942 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 943 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 944 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 945 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 946 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 947 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 948 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 949 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 950 95120090407: 952 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 953 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 954 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 955 95620090320: 957 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 958 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 959 introduces some changes: 960 961 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 962 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 963 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 964 965 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 966 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 967 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 968 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 969 970 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 971 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 972 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 973 the "386BSD" type). 974 975 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 976 97720090319: 978 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 979 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 980 (supported by sane). 981 98220090319: 983 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 984 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 985 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 986 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 987 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 988 98920090315: 990 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 991 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 992 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 993 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 994 used. 995 99620090313: 997 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 998 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 999 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1000 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1001 100220090313: 1003 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1004 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1005 100620090309: 1007 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1008 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1009 1010 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1011 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1012 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1013 1014 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1015 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1016 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1017 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1018 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1019 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1020 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1021 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1022 1023 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1024 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1025 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1026 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1027 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1028 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1029 1030 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1031 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1032 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1033 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1034 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1035 1036 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1037 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1038 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1039 via IGMP. 1040 1041 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1042 recompiled to reflect this. 1043 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1044 104520090309: 1046 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1047 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1048 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1049 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1050 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1051 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1052 105320090302: 1054 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1055 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1056 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1057 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1058 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1059 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1060 106120090301: 1062 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1063 network device driver modules. 1064 106520090227: 1066 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1067 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1068 106920090223: 1070 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1071 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1072 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1073 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1074 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1075 apply. 1076 107720090217: 1078 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1079 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1080 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1081 use the new name. 1082 108320090216: 1084 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1085 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1086 add 1087 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1088 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1089 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1090 109120090215: 1092 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1093 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1094 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1095 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1096 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1097 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1098 1099 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1100 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1101 be used for this: 1102 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1103 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1104 110520090209: 1106 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1107 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1108 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1109 111020090203: 1111 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1112 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1113 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1114 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1115 same interface. 1116 111720090201: 1118 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1119 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1120 112120090119: 1122 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1123 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1124 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1125 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1126 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1127 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1128 112920090115: 1130 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1131 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1132 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1133 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1134 113520081225: 1136 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1137 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1138 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1139 in next mpd5.3 release. 1140 114120081219: 1142 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1143 the base system (it was a port). 1144 114520081216: 1146 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1147 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1148 114920081214: 1150 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1151 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1152 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1153 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1154 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1155 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1156 none of the L2 information. 1157 115820081130: 1159 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1160 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1161 1162 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1163 1164 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1165 1166 device ath_hal 1167 1168 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1169 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1170 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1171 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1172 117320081121: 1174 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1175 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1176 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1177 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1178 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1179 packets. 1180 118120081117: 1182 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1183 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1184 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1185 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1186 118720081028: 1188 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1189 119020081009: 1191 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1192 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1193 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1194 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1195 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1196 1197 uhci_load="YES" 1198 ehci_load="YES" 1199 120020081009: 1201 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1202 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1203 sync. 1204 120520081009: 1206 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1207 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1208 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1209 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1210 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1211 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1212 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1213 121420080820: 1215 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1216 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1217 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1218 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1219 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1220 1221 PCI/ISA: 1222 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1223 1224 USB: 1225 ubser, ucycom 1226 1227 Line disciplines: 1228 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1229 1230 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1231 cause compilation to fail. 1232 123320080818: 1234 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1235 123620080801: 1237 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1238 1239 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1240 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1241 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1242 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1243 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1244 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1245 accepting the RSA key. 1246 1247 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1248 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1249 command line. 1250 1251 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1252 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1253 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1254 behavior. 1255 125620080713: 1257 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1258 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1259 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1260 1261 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1262 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1263 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1264 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1265 use the new device names. 1266 1267 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1268 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1269 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1270 at the loader prompt: 1271 1272 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1273 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1274 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1275 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1276 boot -s 1277 127820080609: 1279 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1280 disks instead. 1281 128220080603: 1283 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1284 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1285 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1286 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1287 128820080525: 1289 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1290 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1291 129220080509: 1293 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1294 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1295 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1296 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1297 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1298 129920080420: 1300 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1301 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1302 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1303 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1304 For example, change: 1305 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1306 to 1307 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1308 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1309 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1310 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1311 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1312 1313 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1314 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1315 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1316 131720080408: 1318 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1319 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1320 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1321 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1322 other operation levels. 1323 132420080312: 1325 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1326 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1327 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1328 compatibility with any prior release: 1329 1330 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1331 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1332 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1333 133420080301: 1335 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1336 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1337 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1338 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1339 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1340 nonetheless. 1341 134220080229: 1343 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1344 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1345 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1346 with older hardware easier to do. 1347 134820080220: 1349 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1350 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1351 135220080211: 1353 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1354 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1355 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1356 firewall rules. 1357 135820080208: 1359 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1360 mbuf chains. 1361 136220080126: 1363 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1364 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1365 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1366 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1367 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1368 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1369 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1370 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1371 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1372 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1373 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1374 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1375 137620080123: 1377 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1378 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1379 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1380 138120071128: 1382 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1383 functionality is the default now. 1384 138520071118: 1386 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1387 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1388 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1389 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1390 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1391 1392 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1393 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1394 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1395 139620071024: 1397 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1398 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1399 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1400 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1401 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1402 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1403 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1404 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1405 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1406 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1407 however. 1408 140920071020: 1410 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1411 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1412 used kproc_start().. 1413 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1414 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1415 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1416 141720071010: 1418 RELENG_7 branched. 1419 1420COMMON ITEMS: 1421 1422 General Notes 1423 ------------- 1424 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1425 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1426 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1427 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1428 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1429 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1430 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1431 1432 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1433 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1434 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1435 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1436 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1437 1438 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1439 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1440 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1441 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1442 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1443 1444 ZFS notes 1445 --------- 1446 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1447 these two steps: 1448 1449 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1450 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1451 1452 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1453 1454 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1455 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1456 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1457 1458 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1459 1460 To build a kernel 1461 ----------------- 1462 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1463 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1464 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1465 1466 make kernel-toolchain 1467 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1468 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1469 1470 To test a kernel once 1471 --------------------- 1472 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1473 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1474 debugging information) run 1475 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1476 nextboot -k testkernel 1477 1478 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1479 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1480 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1481 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1482 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1483 1484 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1485 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1486 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1487 make depend 1488 make 1489 make install 1490 1491 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1492 1493 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1494 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1495 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1496 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1497 1498 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1499 make buildworld 1500 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1501 [1] 1502 <reboot in single user> [3] 1503 mergemaster -p [5] 1504 make installworld 1505 mergemaster -i [4] 1506 make delete-old [6] 1507 <reboot> 1508 1509 1510 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1511 -------------------------------------------------- 1512 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1513 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1514 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1515 # size. 1516 1517 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1518 <boot into -stable> 1519 make buildworld 1520 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1521 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1522 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1523 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1524 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1525 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1526 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1527 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1528 <reboot into current> 1529 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1530 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1531 <reboot> 1532 1533 1534 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1535 ---------------------------------------------- 1536 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1537 make buildworld [9] 1538 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1539 [1] 1540 <reboot in single user> [3] 1541 mergemaster -p [5] 1542 make installworld 1543 mergemaster -i [4] 1544 make delete-old [6] 1545 <reboot> 1546 1547 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1548 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1549 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1550 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1551 the UPDATING entries. 1552 1553 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1554 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1555 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1556 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1557 much fewer pitfalls. 1558 1559 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1560 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1561 system on reboot. 1562 1563 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1564 fsck -p 1565 mount -u / 1566 mount -a 1567 cd src 1568 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1569 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1570 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1571 1572 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1573 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1574 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1575 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1576 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1577 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1578 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1579 1580 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1581 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1582 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1583 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1584 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1585 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1586 1587 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1588 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1589 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1590 1591 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1592 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1593 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1594 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1595 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1596 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1597 1598 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1599 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1600 1601 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1602 cvs prune empty directories. 1603 1604 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1605 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1606 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1607 1608 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1609 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1610 warn if it is improperly defined. 1611FORMAT: 1612 1613This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1614breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1615list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1616If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1617to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1618 1619Copyright information: 1620 1621Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1622 1623Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1624modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1625document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1626 1627THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1628IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1629WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1630DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1631INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1632(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1633SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1634HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1635STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1636IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1637POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1638 1639Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1640this document. 1641 1642$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 241092 2012-10-01 10:46:35Z kib $ 1643