UPDATING revision 237696
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720120628: 28 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 29 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 30 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 31 installed as "bsdsort". 32 3320120611: 34 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 35 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 36 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 37 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 38 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 39 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 40 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 41 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 42 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 43 4420120417: 45 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 46 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 47 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 48 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 49 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 50 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 51 NAMESPACE section). 52 5320120328: 54 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 55 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 56 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 57 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 58 settings are unchanged. 59 6020120306: 61 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 62 platforms. 63 6420120229: 65 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 66 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 67 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 68 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 69 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 70 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 71 7220120211: 73 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 74 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 75 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 76 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 77 comes from 20111215. 78 7920120114: 80 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 81 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 82 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 83 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 84 85 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 86 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 87 8820120109: 89 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 90 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 91 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 92 tunable/sysctl. 93 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 94 9520111215: 96 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 97 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 98 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 99 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 100 not supported anymore. 101 102 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 103 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 104 need to be recompiled. 105 10620111122: 107 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 108 /dev/wmistat0. 109 11020111108: 111 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 112 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 113 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 114 time. 115 11620111101: 117 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 118 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 119 12020110930: 121 sysinstall has been removed 122 12320110923: 124 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 125 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 126 12720110913: 128 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 129 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 130 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 131 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 132 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 133 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 134 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 135 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 136 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 137 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 138 13920110828: 140 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 141 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 142 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 143 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 144 14520110815: 146 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 147 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 148 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 149 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 150 151 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 152 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 153 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 154 15520110628: 156 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 157 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 158 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 159 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 160 16120110608: 162 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 163 machdep.hlt_cpus 164 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 165 The following sysctl is retired: 166 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 167 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 168 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 169 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 170 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 171 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 172 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 173 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 174 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 175 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 176 a default scheduler. 177 17820110607: 179 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 180 a mask of CPUs. 181 18220110531: 183 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 184 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 185 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 186 world. 187 18820110513: 189 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 190 19120110503: 192 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 193 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 194 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 195 drivers need to be recompiled. 196 197 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 198 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 199 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 200 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 201 branches. 202 20320110430: 204 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 205 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 206 20720110427: 208 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 209 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 210 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 211 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 212 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 213 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 214 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 215 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 216 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 217 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 218 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 219 220 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 221 222 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 223 a diskless root fs use the old client. 224 22520110424: 226 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 227 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 228 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 229 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 230 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 231 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 232 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 233 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 234 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 235 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 236 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 237 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 238 239 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 240 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 241 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 242 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 243 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 244 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 245 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 246 them are parts of the cam module. 247 248 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 249 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 250 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 251 252 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 253 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 254 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 255 options ATA_CAM 256 device ahci 257 device mvs 258 device siis 259 , and instead add back: 260 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 261 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 262 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 263 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 264 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 265 26620110423: 267 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 268 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 269 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 270 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 271 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 272 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 273 27420110418: 275 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 276 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 277 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 278 27920110331: 280 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 281 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 282 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 283 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 284 in order to use ath on everything else. 285 286 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 287 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 288 28920110314: 290 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 291 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 292 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 293 29420110218: 295 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 296 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 297 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 298 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 299 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 300 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 301 30220110218: 303 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 304 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 305 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 306 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 307 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 308 authentication). 309 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 310 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 311 31220110207: 313 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 314 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 315 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 316 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 317 The function remains undocumented. 318 31920110112: 320 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 321 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 322 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 323 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 324 systems where the define is not present can check against 325 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 326 327 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 328 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 329 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 330 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 331 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 332 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 333 33420110103: 335 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 336 the following warning: 337 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 338 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 339 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 340 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 341 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 342 install it on your system. 343 344 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 345 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 346 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 347 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 348 34920101228: 350 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 351 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 352 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 353 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 354 be recompiled. 355 35620101114: 357 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 358 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 359 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 360 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 361 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 362 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 363 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 364 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 365 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 366 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 367 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 368 it, for example via: 369 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 370 371 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 372 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 373 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 374 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 375 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 376 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 377 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 378 379 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 380 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 381 38220101111: 383 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 384 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 385 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 386 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 387 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 388 38920101002: 390 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 391 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 392 migrate local entries to the new format. 393 39420100928: 395 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 396 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 397 upstream sshd. 398 39920100915: 400 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 401 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 402 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 403 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 404 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 405 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 406 40720100913: 408 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 409 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 410 411 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 412 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 413 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 414 default is "AUTO". 415 416 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 417 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 418 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 419 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 420 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 421 422 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 423 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 424 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 425 42620100913: 427 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 428 now i386 and amd64 only. 429 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 430 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 431 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 432 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 433 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 434 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 435 43620100725: 437 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 438 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 439 44020100722: 441 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 442 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 443 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 444 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 445 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 446 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 447 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 448 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 449 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 450 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 451 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 452 45320100713: 454 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 455 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 456 machine powerpc powerpc 457 458 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 459 after this change. 460 46120100713: 462 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 463 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 464 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 465 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 466 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 467 46820100429: 469 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 470 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 471 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 472 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 473 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 474 47520100402: 476 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 477 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 478 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 479 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 480 WITH_CTF=yes"). 481 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 482 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 483 to unwanted behavior. 484 48520100311: 486 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 487 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 488 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 489 be modified accordingly. 490 49120100113: 492 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 493 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 494 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 495 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 496 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 497 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 498 499 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 500 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 501 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 502 use of utmpx. 503 504 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 505 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 506 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 507 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 508 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 509 51020100108: 511 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 512 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 513 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 514 51520091202: 516 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 517 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 518 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 519 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 520 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 521 522 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 523 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 524 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 525 526 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 527 52820091125: 529 8.0-RELEASE. 530 53120091113: 532 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 533 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 534 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 535 operation of applications on the console. 536 537 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 538 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 539 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 540 cons25. 541 542 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 543 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 544 performed by syscons(4). 545 54620091109: 547 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 548 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 549 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 550 551 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 552 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 553 new structure. 554 55520091025: 556 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 557 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 558 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 559 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 560 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 561 iwn5150fw. 562 56320090926: 564 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 565 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 566 567 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 568 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 569 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 570 571 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 572 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 573 574 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 575 they are obsolete. 576 577 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 578 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 579 580 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 581 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 582 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 583 584 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 585 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 586 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 587 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 588 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 589 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 590 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 591 using ifconfig(8) like: 592 593 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 594 595 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 596 IPv6-preferred. 597 598 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 599 600 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 601 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 602 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 603 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 604 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 605 60620090922: 607 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 608 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 609 61020090912: 611 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 612 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 613 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 614 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 615 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 616 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 617 61820090910: 619 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 620 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 621 62220090825: 623 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 624 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 625 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 626 is 1000. 627 62820090813: 629 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 630 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 631 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 632 63320090803: 634 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 635 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 636 63720090719: 638 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 639 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 640 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 641 64220090714: 643 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 644 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 645 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 646 64720090713: 648 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 649 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 650 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 651 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 652 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 653 65420090712: 655 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 656 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 657 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 658 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 659 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 660 66120090630: 662 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 663 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 664 may need to be adjusted. 665 66620090629: 667 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 668 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 669 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 670 with routing sockets. 671 67220090628: 673 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 674 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 675 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 676 67720090624: 678 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 679 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 680 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 681 800100. 682 68320090622: 684 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 685 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 686 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 687 68820090619: 689 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 690 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 691 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 692 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 693 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 694 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 695 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 696 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 697 698 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 699 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 700 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 701 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 702 authentication method is used. 703 70420090616: 705 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 706 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 707 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 708 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 709 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 710 71120090613: 712 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 713 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 714 71520090611: 716 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 717 be rebuilt. 718 71920090608: 720 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 721 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 722 72320090602: 724 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 725 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 726 72720090601: 728 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 729 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 730 re-compiled. 731 73220090601: 733 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 734 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 735 rebuilt. 736 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 737 73820090530: 739 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 740 more valid. 741 74220090530: 743 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 744 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 745 74620090529: 747 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 748 rebuilt. 749 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 750 75120090528: 752 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 753 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 754 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 755 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 756 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 757 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 758 75920090527: 760 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 761 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 762 76320090523: 764 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 765 need to be rebuilt. 766 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 767 76820090523: 769 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 770 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 771 77220090520: 773 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 774 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 775 77620090520: 777 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 778 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 779 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 780 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 781 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 782 78320090430: 784 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 785 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 786 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 787 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 788 correctly checking networking state from userland. 789 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 790 79120090429: 792 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 793 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 794 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 795 follows the IPv4 implementation. 796 797 For kernel developers: 798 799 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 800 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 801 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 802 803 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 804 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 805 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 806 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 807 808 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 809 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 810 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 811 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 812 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 813 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 814 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 815 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 816 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 817 multicast membership on-link. 818 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 819 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 820 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 821 822 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 823 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 824 stack. 825 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 826 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 827 semantics. 828 829 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 830 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 831 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 832 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 833 834 For application developers: 835 836 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 837 stack. 838 839 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 840 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 841 842 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 843 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 844 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 845 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 846 847 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 848 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 849 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 850 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 851 Multicast Source Filters'. 852 853 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 854 855 For systems administrators: 856 857 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 858 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 859 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 860 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 861 returned by getifaddrs(3). 862 863 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 864 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 865 866 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 867 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 868 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 869 recommended for optimal system performance. 870 871 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 872 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 873 back forwarded datagrams. 874 875 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 876 87720090422: 878 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 879 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 880 88120090419: 882 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 883 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 884 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 885 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 886 88720090415: 888 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 889 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 890 state will require a world rebuild. 891 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 892 89320090415: 894 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 895 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 896 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 897 89820090414: 899 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 900 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 901 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 902 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 903 load balancing. 904 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 905 90620090408: 907 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 908 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 909 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 910 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 911 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 912 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 913 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 914 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 915 91620090407: 917 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 918 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 919 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 920 92120090320: 922 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 923 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 924 introduces some changes: 925 926 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 927 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 928 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 929 930 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 931 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 932 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 933 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 934 935 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 936 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 937 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 938 the "386BSD" type). 939 940 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 941 94220090319: 943 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 944 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 945 (supported by sane). 946 94720090319: 948 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 949 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 950 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 951 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 952 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 953 95420090315: 955 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 956 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 957 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 958 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 959 used. 960 96120090313: 962 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 963 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 964 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 965 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 966 96720090313: 968 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 969 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 970 97120090309: 972 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 973 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 974 975 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 976 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 977 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 978 979 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 980 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 981 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 982 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 983 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 984 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 985 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 986 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 987 988 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 989 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 990 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 991 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 992 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 993 to preserve the existing behaviour. 994 995 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 996 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 997 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 998 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 999 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1000 1001 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1002 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1003 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1004 via IGMP. 1005 1006 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1007 recompiled to reflect this. 1008 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1009 101020090309: 1011 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1012 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1013 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1014 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1015 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1016 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1017 101820090302: 1019 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1020 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1021 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1022 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1023 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1024 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1025 102620090301: 1027 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1028 network device driver modules. 1029 103020090227: 1031 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1032 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1033 103420090223: 1035 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1036 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1037 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1038 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1039 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1040 apply. 1041 104220090217: 1043 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1044 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1045 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1046 use the new name. 1047 104820090216: 1049 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1050 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1051 add 1052 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1053 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1054 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1055 105620090215: 1057 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1058 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1059 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1060 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1061 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1062 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1063 1064 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1065 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1066 be used for this: 1067 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1068 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1069 107020090209: 1071 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1072 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1073 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1074 107520090203: 1076 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1077 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1078 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1079 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1080 same interface. 1081 108220090201: 1083 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1084 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1085 108620090119: 1087 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1088 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1089 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1090 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1091 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1092 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1093 109420090115: 1095 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1096 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1097 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1098 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1099 110020081225: 1101 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1102 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1103 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1104 in next mpd5.3 release. 1105 110620081219: 1107 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1108 the base system (it was a port). 1109 111020081216: 1111 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1112 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1113 111420081214: 1115 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1116 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1117 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1118 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1119 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1120 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1121 none of the L2 information. 1122 112320081130: 1124 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1125 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1126 1127 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1128 1129 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1130 1131 device ath_hal 1132 1133 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1134 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1135 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1136 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1137 113820081121: 1139 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1140 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1141 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1142 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1143 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1144 packets. 1145 114620081117: 1147 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1148 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1149 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1150 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1151 115220081028: 1153 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1154 115520081009: 1156 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1157 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1158 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1159 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1160 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1161 1162 uhci_load="YES" 1163 ehci_load="YES" 1164 116520081009: 1166 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1167 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1168 sync. 1169 117020081009: 1171 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1172 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1173 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1174 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1175 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1176 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1177 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1178 117920080820: 1180 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1181 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1182 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1183 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1184 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1185 1186 PCI/ISA: 1187 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1188 1189 USB: 1190 ubser, ucycom 1191 1192 Line disciplines: 1193 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1194 1195 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1196 cause compilation to fail. 1197 119820080818: 1199 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1200 120120080801: 1202 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1203 1204 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1205 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1206 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1207 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1208 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1209 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1210 accepting the RSA key. 1211 1212 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1213 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1214 command line. 1215 1216 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1217 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1218 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1219 behavior. 1220 122120080713: 1222 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1223 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1224 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1225 1226 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1227 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1228 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1229 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1230 use the new device names. 1231 1232 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1233 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1234 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1235 at the loader prompt: 1236 1237 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1238 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1239 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1240 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1241 boot -s 1242 124320080609: 1244 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1245 disks instead. 1246 124720080603: 1248 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1249 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1250 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1251 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1252 125320080525: 1254 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1255 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1256 125720080509: 1258 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1259 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1260 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1261 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1262 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1263 126420080420: 1265 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1266 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1267 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1268 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1269 For example, change: 1270 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1271 to 1272 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1273 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1274 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1275 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1276 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1277 1278 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1279 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1280 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1281 128220080408: 1283 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1284 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1285 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1286 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1287 other operation levels. 1288 128920080312: 1290 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1291 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1292 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1293 compatibility with any prior release: 1294 1295 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1296 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1297 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1298 129920080301: 1300 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1301 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1302 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1303 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1304 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1305 nonetheless. 1306 130720080229: 1308 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1309 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1310 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1311 with older hardware easier to do. 1312 131320080220: 1314 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1315 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1316 131720080211: 1318 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1319 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1320 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1321 firewall rules. 1322 132320080208: 1324 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1325 mbuf chains. 1326 132720080126: 1328 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1329 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1330 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1331 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1332 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1333 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1334 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1335 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1336 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1337 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1338 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1339 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1340 134120080123: 1342 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1343 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1344 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1345 134620071128: 1347 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1348 functionality is the default now. 1349 135020071118: 1351 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1352 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1353 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1354 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1355 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1356 1357 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1358 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1359 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1360 136120071024: 1362 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1363 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1364 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1365 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1366 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1367 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1368 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1369 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1370 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1371 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1372 however. 1373 137420071020: 1375 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1376 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1377 used kproc_start().. 1378 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1379 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1380 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1381 138220071010: 1383 RELENG_7 branched. 1384 1385COMMON ITEMS: 1386 1387 General Notes 1388 ------------- 1389 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1390 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1391 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1392 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1393 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1394 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1395 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1396 1397 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1398 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1399 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1400 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1401 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1402 1403 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1404 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1405 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1406 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1407 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1408 1409 ZFS notes 1410 --------- 1411 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1412 these two steps: 1413 1414 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1415 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1416 1417 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1418 1419 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1420 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1421 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1422 1423 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1424 1425 To build a kernel 1426 ----------------- 1427 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1428 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1429 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1430 1431 make kernel-toolchain 1432 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1433 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1434 1435 To test a kernel once 1436 --------------------- 1437 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1438 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1439 debugging information) run 1440 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1441 nextboot -k testkernel 1442 1443 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1444 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1445 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1446 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1447 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1448 1449 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1450 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1451 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1452 make depend 1453 make 1454 make install 1455 1456 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1457 1458 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1459 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1460 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1461 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1462 1463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1464 make buildworld 1465 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1466 [1] 1467 <reboot in single user> [3] 1468 mergemaster -p [5] 1469 make installworld 1470 mergemaster -i [4] 1471 make delete-old [6] 1472 <reboot> 1473 1474 1475 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1476 -------------------------------------------------- 1477 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1478 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1479 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1480 # size. 1481 1482 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1483 <boot into -stable> 1484 make buildworld 1485 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1486 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1487 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1488 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1489 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1490 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1491 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1492 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1493 <reboot into current> 1494 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1495 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1496 <reboot> 1497 1498 1499 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1500 ---------------------------------------------- 1501 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1502 make buildworld [9] 1503 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1504 [1] 1505 <reboot in single user> [3] 1506 mergemaster -p [5] 1507 make installworld 1508 mergemaster -i [4] 1509 make delete-old [6] 1510 <reboot> 1511 1512 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1513 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1514 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1515 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1516 the UPDATING entries. 1517 1518 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1519 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1520 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1521 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1522 much fewer pitfalls. 1523 1524 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1525 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1526 system on reboot. 1527 1528 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1529 fsck -p 1530 mount -u / 1531 mount -a 1532 cd src 1533 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1534 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1535 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1536 1537 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1538 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1539 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1540 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1541 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1542 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1543 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1544 1545 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1546 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1547 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1548 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1549 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1550 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1551 1552 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1553 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1554 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1555 1556 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1557 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1558 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1559 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1560 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1561 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1562 1563 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1564 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1565 1566 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1567 cvs prune empty directories. 1568 1569 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1570 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1571 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1572 1573 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1574 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1575 warn if it is improperly defined. 1576FORMAT: 1577 1578This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1579breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1580list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1581If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1582to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1583 1584Copyright information: 1585 1586Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1587 1588Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1589modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1590document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1591 1592THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1593IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1594WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1595DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1596INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1597(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1598SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1599HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1600STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1601IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1602POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1603 1604Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1605this document. 1606 1607$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 237696 2012-06-28 08:22:00Z gabor $ 1608