UPDATING revision 222833
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110607: 26 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 27 a mask of CPUs. 28 2920110531: 30 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 31 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 32 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 33 world. 34 3520110513: 36 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 37 3820110430: 39 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 40 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 41 4220110427: 43 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 44 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 45 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 46 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 47 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 48 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 49 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 50 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 51 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 52 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 53 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 54 55 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 56 57 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 58 a diskless root fs use the old client. 59 6020110424: 61 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 62 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 63 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 64 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 65 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 66 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 67 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 68 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 69 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 70 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 71 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 72 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 73 74 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 75 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 76 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 77 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 78 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 79 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 80 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 81 them are parts of the cam module. 82 83 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 84 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 85 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 86 87 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 88 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 89 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 90 options ATA_CAM 91 device ahci 92 device mvs 93 device siis 94 , and instead add back: 95 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 96 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 97 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 98 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 99 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 100 10120110423: 102 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 103 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 104 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 105 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 106 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 107 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 108 10920110418: 110 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 111 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 112 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 113 11420110331: 115 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 116 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 117 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 118 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 119 in order to use ath on everything else. 120 121 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 122 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 123 12420110314: 125 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 126 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 127 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 128 12920110218: 130 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 131 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 132 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 133 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 134 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 135 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 136 13720110218: 138 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 139 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 140 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 141 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 142 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 143 authentication). 144 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 145 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 146 14720110207: 148 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 149 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 150 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 151 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 152 The function remains undocumented. 153 15420110112: 155 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 156 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 157 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 158 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 159 systems where the define is not present can check against 160 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 161 162 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 163 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 164 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 165 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 166 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 167 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 168 16920110103: 170 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 171 the following warning: 172 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 173 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 174 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 175 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 176 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 177 install it on your system. 178 179 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 180 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 181 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 182 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 183 18420101228: 185 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 186 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 187 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 188 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 189 be recompiled. 190 19120101114: 192 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 193 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 194 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 195 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 196 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 197 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 198 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 199 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 200 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 201 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 202 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 203 it, for example via: 204 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 205 206 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 207 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 208 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 209 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 210 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 211 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 212 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 213 214 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 215 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 216 21720101111: 218 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 219 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 220 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 221 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 222 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 223 22420101002: 225 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 226 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 227 migrate local entries to the new format. 228 22920100928: 230 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 231 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 232 upstream sshd. 233 23420100915: 235 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 236 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 237 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 238 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 239 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 240 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 241 24220100913: 243 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 244 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 245 246 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 247 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 248 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 249 default is "AUTO". 250 251 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 252 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 253 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 254 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 255 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 256 257 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 258 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 259 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 260 26120100913: 262 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 263 now i386 and amd64 only. 264 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 265 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 266 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 267 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 268 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 269 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 270 27120100725: 272 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 273 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 274 27520100722: 276 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 277 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 278 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 279 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 280 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 281 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 282 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 283 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 284 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 285 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 286 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 287 28820100713: 289 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 290 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 291 machine powerpc powerpc 292 293 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 294 after this change. 295 29620100713: 297 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 298 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 299 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 300 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 301 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 302 30320100429: 304 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 305 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 306 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 307 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 308 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 309 31020100402: 311 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 312 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 313 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 314 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 315 WITH_CTF=yes"). 316 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 317 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 318 to unwanted behavior. 319 32020100311: 321 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 322 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 323 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 324 be modified accordingly. 325 32620100113: 327 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 328 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 329 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 330 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 331 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 332 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 333 334 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 335 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 336 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 337 use of utmpx. 338 339 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 340 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 341 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 342 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 343 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 344 34520100108: 346 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 347 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 348 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 349 35020091202: 351 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 352 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 353 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 354 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 355 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 356 357 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 358 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 359 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 360 361 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 362 36320091125: 364 8.0-RELEASE. 365 36620091113: 367 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 368 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 369 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 370 operation of applications on the console. 371 372 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 373 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 374 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 375 cons25. 376 377 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 378 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 379 performed by syscons(4). 380 38120091109: 382 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 383 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 384 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 385 386 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 387 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 388 new structure. 389 39020091025: 391 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 392 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 393 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 394 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 395 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 396 iwn5150fw. 397 39820090926: 399 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 400 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 401 402 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 403 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 404 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 405 406 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 407 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 408 409 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 410 they are obsolete. 411 412 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 413 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 414 415 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 416 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 417 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 418 419 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 420 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 421 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 422 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 423 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 424 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 425 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 426 using ifconfig(8) like: 427 428 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 429 430 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 431 IPv6-preferred. 432 433 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 434 435 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 436 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 437 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 438 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 439 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 440 44120090922: 442 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 443 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 444 44520090912: 446 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 447 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 448 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 449 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 450 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 451 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 452 45320090910: 454 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 455 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 456 45720090825: 458 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 459 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 460 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 461 is 1000. 462 46320090813: 464 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 465 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 466 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 467 46820090803: 469 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 470 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 471 47220090719: 473 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 474 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 475 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 476 47720090714: 478 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 479 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 480 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 481 48220090713: 483 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 484 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 485 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 486 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 487 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 488 48920090712: 490 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 491 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 492 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 493 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 494 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 495 49620090630: 497 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 498 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 499 may need to be adjusted. 500 50120090629: 502 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 503 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 504 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 505 with routing sockets. 506 50720090628: 508 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 509 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 510 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 511 51220090624: 513 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 514 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 515 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 516 800100. 517 51820090622: 519 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 520 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 521 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 522 52320090619: 524 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 525 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 526 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 527 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 528 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 529 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 530 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 531 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 532 533 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 534 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 535 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 536 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 537 authentication method is used. 538 53920090616: 540 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 541 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 542 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 543 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 544 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 545 54620090613: 547 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 548 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 549 55020090611: 551 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 552 be rebuilt. 553 55420090608: 555 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 556 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 557 55820090602: 559 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 560 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 561 56220090601: 563 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 564 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 565 re-compiled. 566 56720090601: 568 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 569 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 570 rebuilt. 571 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 572 57320090530: 574 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 575 more valid. 576 57720090530: 578 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 579 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 580 58120090529: 582 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 583 rebuilt. 584 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 585 58620090528: 587 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 588 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 589 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 590 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 591 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 592 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 593 59420090527: 595 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 596 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 597 59820090523: 599 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 600 need to be rebuilt. 601 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 602 60320090523: 604 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 605 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 606 60720090520: 608 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 609 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 610 61120090520: 612 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 613 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 614 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 615 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 616 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 617 61820090430: 619 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 620 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 621 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 622 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 623 correctly checking networking state from userland. 624 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 625 62620090429: 627 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 628 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 629 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 630 follows the IPv4 implementation. 631 632 For kernel developers: 633 634 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 635 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 636 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 637 638 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 639 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 640 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 641 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 642 643 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 644 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 645 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 646 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 647 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 648 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 649 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 650 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 651 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 652 multicast membership on-link. 653 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 654 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 655 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 656 657 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 658 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 659 stack. 660 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 661 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 662 semantics. 663 664 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 665 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 666 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 667 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 668 669 For application developers: 670 671 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 672 stack. 673 674 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 675 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 676 677 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 678 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 679 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 680 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 681 682 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 683 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 684 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 685 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 686 Multicast Source Filters'. 687 688 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 689 690 For systems administrators: 691 692 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 693 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 694 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 695 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 696 returned by getifaddrs(3). 697 698 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 699 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 700 701 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 702 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 703 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 704 recommended for optimal system performance. 705 706 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 707 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 708 back forwarded datagrams. 709 710 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 711 71220090422: 713 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 714 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 715 71620090419: 717 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 718 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 719 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 720 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 721 72220090415: 723 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 724 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 725 state will require a world rebuild. 726 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 727 72820090415: 729 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 730 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 731 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 732 73320090414: 734 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 735 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 736 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 737 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 738 load balancing. 739 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 740 74120090408: 742 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 743 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 744 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 745 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 746 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 747 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 748 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 749 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 750 75120090407: 752 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 753 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 754 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 755 75620090320: 757 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 758 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 759 introduces some changes: 760 761 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 762 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 763 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 764 765 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 766 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 767 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 768 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 769 770 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 771 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 772 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 773 the "386BSD" type). 774 775 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 776 77720090319: 778 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 779 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 780 (supported by sane). 781 78220090319: 783 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 784 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 785 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 786 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 787 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 788 78920090315: 790 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 791 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 792 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 793 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 794 used. 795 79620090313: 797 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 798 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 799 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 800 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 801 80220090313: 803 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 804 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 805 80620090309: 807 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 808 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 809 810 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 811 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 812 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 813 814 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 815 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 816 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 817 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 818 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 819 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 820 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 821 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 822 823 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 824 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 825 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 826 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 827 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 828 to preserve the existing behaviour. 829 830 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 831 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 832 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 833 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 834 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 835 836 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 837 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 838 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 839 via IGMP. 840 841 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 842 recompiled to reflect this. 843 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 844 84520090309: 846 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 847 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 848 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 849 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 850 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 851 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 852 85320090302: 854 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 855 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 856 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 857 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 858 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 859 raised to allow such segments to be created. 860 86120090301: 862 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 863 network device driver modules. 864 86520090227: 866 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 867 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 868 86920090223: 870 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 871 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 872 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 873 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 874 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 875 apply. 876 87720090217: 878 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 879 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 880 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 881 use the new name. 882 88320090216: 884 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 885 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 886 add 887 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 888 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 889 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 890 89120090215: 892 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 893 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 894 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 895 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 896 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 897 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 898 899 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 900 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 901 be used for this: 902 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 903 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 904 90520090209: 906 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 907 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 908 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 909 91020090203: 911 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 912 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 913 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 914 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 915 same interface. 916 91720090201: 918 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 919 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 920 92120090119: 922 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 923 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 924 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 925 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 926 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 927 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 928 92920090115: 930 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 931 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 932 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 933 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 934 93520081225: 936 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 937 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 938 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 939 in next mpd5.3 release. 940 94120081219: 942 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 943 the base system (it was a port). 944 94520081216: 946 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 947 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 948 94920081214: 950 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 951 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 952 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 953 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 954 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 955 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 956 none of the L2 information. 957 95820081130: 959 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 960 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 961 962 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 963 964 to their kernel config files when specifying: 965 966 device ath_hal 967 968 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 969 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 970 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 971 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 972 97320081121: 974 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 975 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 976 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 977 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 978 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 979 packets. 980 98120081117: 982 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 983 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 984 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 985 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 986 98720081028: 988 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 989 99020081009: 991 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 992 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 993 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 994 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 995 controller add the following to loader.conf: 996 997 uhci_load="YES" 998 ehci_load="YES" 999 100020081009: 1001 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1002 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1003 sync. 1004 100520081009: 1006 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1007 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1008 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1009 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1010 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1011 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1012 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1013 101420080820: 1015 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1016 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1017 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1018 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1019 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1020 1021 PCI/ISA: 1022 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1023 1024 USB: 1025 ubser, ucycom 1026 1027 Line disciplines: 1028 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1029 1030 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1031 cause compilation to fail. 1032 103320080818: 1034 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1035 103620080801: 1037 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1038 1039 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1040 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1041 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1042 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1043 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1044 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1045 accepting the RSA key. 1046 1047 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1048 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1049 command line. 1050 1051 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1052 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1053 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1054 behavior. 1055 105620080713: 1057 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1058 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1059 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1060 1061 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1062 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1063 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1064 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1065 use the new device names. 1066 1067 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1068 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1069 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1070 at the loader prompt: 1071 1072 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1073 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1074 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1075 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1076 boot -s 1077 107820080609: 1079 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1080 disks instead. 1081 108220080603: 1083 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1084 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1085 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1086 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1087 108820080525: 1089 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1090 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1091 109220080509: 1093 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1094 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1095 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1096 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1097 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1098 109920080420: 1100 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1101 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1102 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1103 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1104 For example, change: 1105 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1106 to 1107 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1108 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1109 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1110 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1111 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1112 1113 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1114 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1115 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1116 111720080408: 1118 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1119 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1120 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1121 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1122 other operation levels. 1123 112420080312: 1125 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1126 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1127 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1128 compatibility with any prior release: 1129 1130 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1131 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1132 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1133 113420080301: 1135 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1136 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1137 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1138 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1139 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1140 nonetheless. 1141 114220080229: 1143 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1144 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1145 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1146 with older hardware easier to do. 1147 114820080220: 1149 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1150 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1151 115220080211: 1153 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1154 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1155 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1156 firewall rules. 1157 115820080208: 1159 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1160 mbuf chains. 1161 116220080126: 1163 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1164 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1165 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1166 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1167 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1168 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1169 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1170 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1171 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1172 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1173 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1174 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1175 117620080123: 1177 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1178 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1179 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1180 118120071128: 1182 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1183 functionality is the default now. 1184 118520071118: 1186 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1187 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1188 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1189 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1190 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1191 1192 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1193 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1194 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1195 119620071024: 1197 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1198 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1199 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1200 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1201 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1202 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1203 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1204 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1205 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1206 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1207 however. 1208 120920071020: 1210 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1211 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1212 used kproc_start().. 1213 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1214 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1215 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1216 121720071010: 1218 RELENG_7 branched. 1219 1220COMMON ITEMS: 1221 1222 General Notes 1223 ------------- 1224 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1225 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1226 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1227 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1228 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1229 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1230 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1231 1232 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1233 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1234 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1235 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1236 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1237 1238 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1239 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1240 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1241 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1242 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1243 1244 ZFS notes 1245 --------- 1246 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1247 these two steps: 1248 1249 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1250 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1251 1252 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1253 1254 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1255 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1256 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1257 1258 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1259 1260 To build a kernel 1261 ----------------- 1262 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1263 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1264 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1265 1266 make kernel-toolchain 1267 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1268 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1269 1270 To test a kernel once 1271 --------------------- 1272 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1273 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1274 debugging information) run 1275 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1276 nextboot -k testkernel 1277 1278 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1279 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1280 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1281 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1282 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1283 1284 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1285 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1286 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1287 make depend 1288 make 1289 make install 1290 1291 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1292 1293 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1294 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1295 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1296 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1297 1298 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1299 make buildworld 1300 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1301 [1] 1302 <reboot in single user> [3] 1303 mergemaster -p [5] 1304 make installworld 1305 mergemaster -i [4] 1306 make delete-old [6] 1307 <reboot> 1308 1309 1310 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1311 -------------------------------------------------- 1312 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1313 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1314 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1315 # size. 1316 1317 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1318 <boot into -stable> 1319 make buildworld 1320 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1321 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1322 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1323 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1324 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1325 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1326 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1327 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1328 <reboot into current> 1329 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1330 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1331 <reboot> 1332 1333 1334 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1335 ---------------------------------------------- 1336 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1337 make buildworld [9] 1338 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1339 [1] 1340 <reboot in single user> [3] 1341 mergemaster -p [5] 1342 make installworld 1343 mergemaster -i [4] 1344 make delete-old [6] 1345 <reboot> 1346 1347 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1348 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1349 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1350 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1351 the UPDATING entries. 1352 1353 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1354 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1355 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1356 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1357 much fewer pitfalls. 1358 1359 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1360 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1361 system on reboot. 1362 1363 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1364 fsck -p 1365 mount -u / 1366 mount -a 1367 cd src 1368 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1369 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1370 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1371 1372 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1373 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1374 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1375 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1376 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1377 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1378 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1379 1380 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1381 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1382 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1383 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1384 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1385 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1386 1387 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1388 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1389 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1390 1391 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1392 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1393 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1394 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1395 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1396 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1397 1398 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1399 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1400 1401 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1402 cvs prune empty directories. 1403 1404 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1405 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1406 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1407 1408 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1409 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1410 warn if it is improperly defined. 1411FORMAT: 1412 1413This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1414breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1415and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1416previous releases if your system is older than this. 1417 1418Copyright information: 1419 1420Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1421 1422Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1423modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1424document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1425 1426THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1427IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1428WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1429DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1430INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1431(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1432SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1433HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1434STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1435IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1436POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1437 1438Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1439this document. 1440 1441$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 222833 2011-06-07 19:39:34Z bz $ 1442