UPDATING revision 221124
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110427: 26 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 27 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 28 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 29 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 30 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 31 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 32 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 33 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 34 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 35 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 36 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 37 38 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 39 40 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 41 a diskless root fs use the old client. 42 4320110424: 44 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 45 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 46 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 47 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 48 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 49 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 50 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 51 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 52 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 53 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 54 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 55 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 56 57 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 58 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 59 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 60 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 61 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 62 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 63 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 64 them are parts of the cam module. 65 66 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 67 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 68 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 69 70 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 71 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 72 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 73 options ATA_CAM 74 device ahci 75 device mvs 76 device siis 77 , and instead add back: 78 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 79 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 80 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 81 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 82 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 83 8420110423: 85 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 86 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 87 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 88 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 89 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 90 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 91 9220110418: 93 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 94 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 95 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 96 9720110331: 98 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 99 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 100 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 101 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 102 in order to use ath on everything else. 103 104 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 105 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 106 10720110314: 108 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 109 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 110 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 111 11220110218: 113 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 114 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 115 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 116 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 117 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 118 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 119 12020110218: 121 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 122 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 123 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 124 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 125 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 126 authentication). 127 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 128 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 129 13020110207: 131 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 132 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 133 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 134 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 135 The function remains undocumented. 136 13720110112: 138 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 139 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 140 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 141 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 142 systems where the define is not present can check against 143 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 144 145 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 146 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 147 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 148 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 149 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 150 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 151 15220110103: 153 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 154 the following warning: 155 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 156 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 157 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 158 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 159 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 160 install it on your system. 161 162 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 163 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 164 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 165 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 166 16720101228: 168 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 169 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 170 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 171 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 172 be recompiled. 173 17420101114: 175 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 176 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 177 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 178 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 179 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 180 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 181 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 182 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 183 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 184 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 185 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 186 it, for example via: 187 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 188 189 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 190 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 191 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 192 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 193 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 194 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 195 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 196 197 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 198 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 199 20020101111: 201 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 202 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 203 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 204 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 205 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 206 20720101002: 208 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 209 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 210 migrate local entries to the new format. 211 21220100928: 213 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 214 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 215 upstream sshd. 216 21720100915: 218 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 219 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 220 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 221 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 222 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 223 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 224 22520100913: 226 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 227 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 228 229 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 230 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 231 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 232 default is "AUTO". 233 234 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 235 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 236 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 237 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 238 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 239 240 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 241 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 242 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 243 24420100913: 245 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 246 now i386 and amd64 only. 247 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 248 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 249 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 250 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 251 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 252 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 253 25420100725: 255 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 256 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 257 25820100722: 259 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 260 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 261 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 262 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 263 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 264 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 265 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 266 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 267 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 268 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 269 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 270 27120100713: 272 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 273 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 274 machine powerpc powerpc 275 276 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 277 after this change. 278 27920100713: 280 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 281 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 282 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 283 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 284 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 285 28620100429: 287 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 288 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 289 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 290 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 291 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 292 29320100402: 294 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 295 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 296 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 297 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 298 WITH_CTF=yes"). 299 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 300 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 301 to unwanted behavior. 302 30320100311: 304 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 305 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 306 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 307 be modified accordingly. 308 30920100113: 310 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 311 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 312 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 313 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 314 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 315 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 316 317 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 318 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 319 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 320 use of utmpx. 321 322 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 323 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 324 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 325 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 326 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 327 32820100108: 329 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 330 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 331 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 332 33320091202: 334 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 335 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 336 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 337 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 338 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 339 340 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 341 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 342 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 343 344 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 345 34620091125: 347 8.0-RELEASE. 348 34920091113: 350 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 351 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 352 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 353 operation of applications on the console. 354 355 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 356 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 357 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 358 cons25. 359 360 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 361 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 362 performed by syscons(4). 363 36420091109: 365 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 366 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 367 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 368 369 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 370 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 371 new structure. 372 37320091025: 374 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 375 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 376 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 377 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 378 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 379 iwn5150fw. 380 38120090926: 382 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 383 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 384 385 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 386 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 387 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 388 389 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 390 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 391 392 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 393 they are obsolete. 394 395 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 396 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 397 398 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 399 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 400 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 401 402 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 403 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 404 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 405 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 406 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 407 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 408 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 409 using ifconfig(8) like: 410 411 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 412 413 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 414 IPv6-preferred. 415 416 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 417 418 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 419 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 420 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 421 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 422 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 423 42420090922: 425 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 426 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 427 42820090912: 429 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 430 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 431 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 432 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 433 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 434 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 435 43620090910: 437 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 438 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 439 44020090825: 441 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 442 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 443 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 444 is 1000. 445 44620090813: 447 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 448 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 449 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 450 45120090803: 452 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 453 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 454 45520090719: 456 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 457 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 458 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 459 46020090714: 461 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 462 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 463 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 464 46520090713: 466 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 467 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 468 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 469 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 470 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 471 47220090712: 473 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 474 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 475 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 476 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 477 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 478 47920090630: 480 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 481 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 482 may need to be adjusted. 483 48420090629: 485 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 486 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 487 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 488 with routing sockets. 489 49020090628: 491 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 492 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 493 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 494 49520090624: 496 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 497 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 498 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 499 800100. 500 50120090622: 502 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 503 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 504 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 505 50620090619: 507 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 508 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 509 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 510 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 511 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 512 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 513 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 514 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 515 516 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 517 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 518 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 519 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 520 authentication method is used. 521 52220090616: 523 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 524 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 525 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 526 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 527 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 528 52920090613: 530 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 531 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 532 53320090611: 534 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 535 be rebuilt. 536 53720090608: 538 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 539 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 540 54120090602: 542 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 543 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 544 54520090601: 546 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 547 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 548 re-compiled. 549 55020090601: 551 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 552 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 553 rebuilt. 554 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 555 55620090530: 557 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 558 more valid. 559 56020090530: 561 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 562 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 563 56420090529: 565 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 566 rebuilt. 567 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 568 56920090528: 570 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 571 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 572 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 573 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 574 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 575 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 576 57720090527: 578 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 579 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 580 58120090523: 582 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 583 need to be rebuilt. 584 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 585 58620090523: 587 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 588 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 589 59020090520: 591 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 592 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 593 59420090520: 595 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 596 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 597 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 598 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 599 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 600 60120090430: 602 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 603 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 604 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 605 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 606 correctly checking networking state from userland. 607 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 608 60920090429: 610 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 611 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 612 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 613 follows the IPv4 implementation. 614 615 For kernel developers: 616 617 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 618 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 619 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 620 621 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 622 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 623 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 624 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 625 626 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 627 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 628 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 629 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 630 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 631 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 632 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 633 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 634 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 635 multicast membership on-link. 636 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 637 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 638 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 639 640 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 641 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 642 stack. 643 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 644 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 645 semantics. 646 647 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 648 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 649 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 650 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 651 652 For application developers: 653 654 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 655 stack. 656 657 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 658 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 659 660 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 661 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 662 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 663 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 664 665 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 666 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 667 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 668 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 669 Multicast Source Filters'. 670 671 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 672 673 For systems administrators: 674 675 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 676 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 677 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 678 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 679 returned by getifaddrs(3). 680 681 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 682 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 683 684 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 685 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 686 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 687 recommended for optimal system performance. 688 689 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 690 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 691 back forwarded datagrams. 692 693 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 694 69520090422: 696 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 697 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 698 69920090419: 700 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 701 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 702 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 703 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 704 70520090415: 706 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 707 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 708 state will require a world rebuild. 709 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 710 71120090415: 712 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 713 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 714 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 715 71620090414: 717 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 718 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 719 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 720 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 721 load balancing. 722 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 723 72420090408: 725 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 726 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 727 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 728 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 729 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 730 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 731 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 732 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 733 73420090407: 735 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 736 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 737 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 738 73920090320: 740 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 741 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 742 introduces some changes: 743 744 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 745 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 746 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 747 748 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 749 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 750 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 751 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 752 753 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 754 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 755 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 756 the "386BSD" type). 757 758 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 759 76020090319: 761 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 762 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 763 (supported by sane). 764 76520090319: 766 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 767 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 768 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 769 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 770 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 771 77220090315: 773 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 774 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 775 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 776 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 777 used. 778 77920090313: 780 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 781 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 782 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 783 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 784 78520090313: 786 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 787 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 788 78920090309: 790 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 791 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 792 793 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 794 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 795 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 796 797 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 798 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 799 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 800 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 801 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 802 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 803 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 804 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 805 806 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 807 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 808 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 809 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 810 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 811 to preserve the existing behaviour. 812 813 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 814 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 815 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 816 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 817 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 818 819 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 820 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 821 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 822 via IGMP. 823 824 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 825 recompiled to reflect this. 826 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 827 82820090309: 829 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 830 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 831 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 832 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 833 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 834 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 835 83620090302: 837 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 838 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 839 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 840 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 841 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 842 raised to allow such segments to be created. 843 84420090301: 845 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 846 network device driver modules. 847 84820090227: 849 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 850 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 851 85220090223: 853 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 854 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 855 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 856 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 857 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 858 apply. 859 86020090217: 861 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 862 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 863 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 864 use the new name. 865 86620090216: 867 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 868 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 869 add 870 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 871 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 872 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 873 87420090215: 875 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 876 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 877 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 878 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 879 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 880 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 881 882 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 883 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 884 be used for this: 885 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 886 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 887 88820090209: 889 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 890 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 891 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 892 89320090203: 894 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 895 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 896 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 897 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 898 same interface. 899 90020090201: 901 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 902 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 903 90420090119: 905 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 906 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 907 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 908 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 909 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 910 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 911 91220090115: 913 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 914 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 915 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 916 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 917 91820081225: 919 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 920 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 921 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 922 in next mpd5.3 release. 923 92420081219: 925 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 926 the base system (it was a port). 927 92820081216: 929 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 930 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 931 93220081214: 933 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 934 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 935 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 936 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 937 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 938 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 939 none of the L2 information. 940 94120081130: 942 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 943 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 944 945 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 946 947 to their kernel config files when specifying: 948 949 device ath_hal 950 951 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 952 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 953 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 954 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 955 95620081121: 957 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 958 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 959 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 960 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 961 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 962 packets. 963 96420081117: 965 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 966 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 967 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 968 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 969 97020081028: 971 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 972 97320081009: 974 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 975 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 976 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 977 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 978 controller add the following to loader.conf: 979 980 uhci_load="YES" 981 ehci_load="YES" 982 98320081009: 984 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 985 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 986 sync. 987 98820081009: 989 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 990 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 991 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 992 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 993 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 994 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 995 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 996 99720080820: 998 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 999 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1000 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1001 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1002 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1003 1004 PCI/ISA: 1005 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1006 1007 USB: 1008 ubser, ucycom 1009 1010 Line disciplines: 1011 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1012 1013 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1014 cause compilation to fail. 1015 101620080818: 1017 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1018 101920080801: 1020 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1021 1022 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1023 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1024 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1025 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1026 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1027 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1028 accepting the RSA key. 1029 1030 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1031 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1032 command line. 1033 1034 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1035 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1036 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1037 behavior. 1038 103920080713: 1040 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1041 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1042 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1043 1044 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1045 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1046 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1047 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1048 use the new device names. 1049 1050 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1051 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1052 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1053 at the loader prompt: 1054 1055 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1056 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1057 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1058 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1059 boot -s 1060 106120080609: 1062 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1063 disks instead. 1064 106520080603: 1066 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1067 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1068 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1069 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1070 107120080525: 1072 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1073 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1074 107520080509: 1076 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1077 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1078 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1079 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1080 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1081 108220080420: 1083 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1084 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1085 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1086 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1087 For example, change: 1088 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1089 to 1090 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1091 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1092 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1093 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1094 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1095 1096 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1097 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1098 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1099 110020080408: 1101 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1102 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1103 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1104 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1105 other operation levels. 1106 110720080312: 1108 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1109 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1110 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1111 compatibility with any prior release: 1112 1113 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1114 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1115 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1116 111720080301: 1118 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1119 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1120 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1121 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1122 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1123 nonetheless. 1124 112520080229: 1126 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1127 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1128 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1129 with older hardware easier to do. 1130 113120080220: 1132 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1133 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1134 113520080211: 1136 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1137 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1138 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1139 firewall rules. 1140 114120080208: 1142 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1143 mbuf chains. 1144 114520080126: 1146 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1147 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1148 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1149 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1150 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1151 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1152 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1153 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1154 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1155 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1156 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1157 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1158 115920080123: 1160 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1161 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1162 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1163 116420071128: 1165 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1166 functionality is the default now. 1167 116820071118: 1169 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1170 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1171 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1172 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1173 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1174 1175 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1176 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1177 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1178 117920071024: 1180 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1181 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1182 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1183 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1184 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1185 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1186 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1187 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1188 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1189 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1190 however. 1191 119220071020: 1193 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1194 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1195 used kproc_start().. 1196 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1197 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1198 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1199 120020071010: 1201 RELENG_7 branched. 1202 1203COMMON ITEMS: 1204 1205 General Notes 1206 ------------- 1207 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1208 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1209 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1210 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1211 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1212 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1213 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1214 1215 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1216 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1217 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1218 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1219 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1220 1221 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1222 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1223 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1224 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1225 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1226 1227 ZFS notes 1228 --------- 1229 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1230 these two steps: 1231 1232 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1233 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1234 1235 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1236 1237 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1238 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1239 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1240 1241 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1242 1243 To build a kernel 1244 ----------------- 1245 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1246 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1247 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1248 1249 make kernel-toolchain 1250 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1251 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1252 1253 To test a kernel once 1254 --------------------- 1255 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1256 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1257 debugging information) run 1258 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1259 nextboot -k testkernel 1260 1261 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1262 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1263 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1264 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1265 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1266 1267 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1268 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1269 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1270 make depend 1271 make 1272 make install 1273 1274 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1275 1276 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1277 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1278 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1279 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1280 1281 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1282 make buildworld 1283 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1284 [1] 1285 <reboot in single user> [3] 1286 mergemaster -p [5] 1287 make installworld 1288 mergemaster -i [4] 1289 make delete-old [6] 1290 <reboot> 1291 1292 1293 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1294 -------------------------------------------------- 1295 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1296 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1297 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1298 # size. 1299 1300 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1301 <boot into -stable> 1302 make buildworld 1303 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1304 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1305 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1306 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1307 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1308 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1309 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1310 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1311 <reboot into current> 1312 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1313 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1314 <reboot> 1315 1316 1317 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1318 ---------------------------------------------- 1319 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1320 make buildworld [9] 1321 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1322 [1] 1323 <reboot in single user> [3] 1324 mergemaster -p [5] 1325 make installworld 1326 mergemaster -i [4] 1327 make delete-old [6] 1328 <reboot> 1329 1330 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1331 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1332 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1333 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1334 the UPDATING entries. 1335 1336 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1337 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1338 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1339 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1340 much fewer pitfalls. 1341 1342 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1343 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1344 system on reboot. 1345 1346 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1347 fsck -p 1348 mount -u / 1349 mount -a 1350 cd src 1351 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1352 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1353 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1354 1355 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1356 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1357 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1358 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1359 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1360 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1361 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1362 1363 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1364 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1365 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1366 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1367 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1368 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1369 1370 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1371 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1372 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1373 1374 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1375 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1376 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1377 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1378 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1379 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1380 1381 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1382 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1383 1384 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1385 cvs prune empty directories. 1386 1387 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1388 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1389 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1390 1391 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1392 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1393 warn if it is improperly defined. 1394FORMAT: 1395 1396This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1397breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1398and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1399previous releases if your system is older than this. 1400 1401Copyright information: 1402 1403Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1404 1405Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1406modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1407document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1408 1409THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1410IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1411WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1412DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1413INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1414(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1415SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1416HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1417STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1418IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1419POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1420 1421Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1422this document. 1423 1424$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 221124 2011-04-27 17:51:51Z rmacklem $ 1425