UPDATING revision 195132
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090628: 26 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project 27 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by 28 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd 29 directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 30 3120090624: 32 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have 33 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] kernel 34 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version 35 to 800100. 36 3720090622: 38 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables 39 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be 40 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 41 4220090619: 43 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 44 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per 45 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more 46 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call 47 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage. 48 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be 49 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays 50 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of 51 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 52 53 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of 54 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 55 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not 56 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable 57 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used. 58 5920090616: 60 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. 61 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 62 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the 63 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to 64 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode. 65 6620090613: 67 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO 68 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be 69 rebuilt. 70 7120090611: 72 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules 73 need to be rebuilt. 74 7520090608: 76 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has 77 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. 78 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 79 8020090602: 81 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 82 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 83 8420090601: 85 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries 86 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to 87 be re-compiled. 88 8920090601: 90 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 91 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 92 rebuilt. 93 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 94 9520090530: 96 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose 97 is no more valid. 98 9920090530: 100 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 101 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 102 10320090529: 104 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules 105 need to be rebuilt. 106 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 107 10820090528: 109 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 110 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 111 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 112 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag 113 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 114 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 115 11620090527: 117 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 118 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 119 12020090523: 121 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 122 need to be rebuilt. 123 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 124 12520090523: 126 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the 127 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created 128 data to /etc/localtime. 129 13020090520: 131 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 132 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 133 13420090520: 135 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's 136 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support 137 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No 138 user-visible data structures were changed but applications 139 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 140 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 141 14220090430: 143 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 144 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 145 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 146 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 147 correctly checking networking state from userland. 148 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 149 15020090429: 151 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 152 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 153 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 154 follows the IPv4 implementation. 155 156 For kernel developers: 157 158 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 159 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 160 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 161 162 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 163 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 164 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 165 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 166 167 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 168 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 169 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 170 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 171 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 172 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 173 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 174 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 175 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 176 multicast membership on-link. 177 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 178 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 179 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 180 181 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 182 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 183 stack. 184 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 185 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 186 semantics. 187 188 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 189 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 190 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 191 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 192 193 For application developers: 194 195 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 196 stack. 197 198 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 199 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 200 201 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 202 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 203 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 204 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 205 206 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 207 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 208 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 209 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 210 Multicast Source Filters'. 211 212 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 213 214 For systems administrators: 215 216 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 217 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 218 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 219 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 220 returned by getifaddrs(3). 221 222 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 223 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 224 225 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 226 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 227 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 228 recommended for optimal system performance. 229 230 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 231 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 232 back forwarded datagrams. 233 234 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 235 23620090422: 237 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 239 24020090419: 241 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 242 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 243 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 245 24620090415: 247 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 248 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 249 state will require a world rebuild. 250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 251 25220090415: 253 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 254 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 255 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 256 25720090414: 258 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 259 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 260 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 261 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 262 load balancing. 263 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 264 26520090408: 266 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 267 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 268 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 269 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 270 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 271 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 272 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 273 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 274 27520090407: 276 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 277 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 278 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 279 28020090320: 281 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 282 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 283 introduces some changes: 284 285 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 286 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 287 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 288 289 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 290 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 291 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 292 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 293 294 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 295 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 296 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 297 the "386BSD" type). 298 299 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 300 30120090319: 302 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 303 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 304 (supported by sane). 305 30620090319: 307 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 308 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 309 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 310 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 311 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 312 31320090315: 314 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 315 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 316 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 317 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 318 used. 319 32020090313: 321 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 322 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 323 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 324 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 325 32620090313: 327 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 328 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 329 33020090309: 331 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 332 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 333 334 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 335 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 336 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 337 338 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 339 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 340 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 341 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 342 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 343 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 344 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 345 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 346 347 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 348 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 349 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 350 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 351 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 352 to preserve the existing behaviour. 353 354 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 355 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 356 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 357 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 358 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 359 360 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 361 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 362 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 363 via IGMP. 364 365 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 366 recompiled to reflect this. 367 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 368 36920090309: 370 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 371 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 372 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 373 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 374 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 375 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 376 37720090302: 378 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 379 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 380 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 381 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 382 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 383 raised to allow such segments to be created. 384 38520090301: 386 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 387 network device driver modules. 388 38920090227: 390 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 391 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 392 39320090223: 394 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 395 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 396 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 397 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 398 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 399 apply. 400 40120090217: 402 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 403 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 404 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 405 use the new name. 406 40720090216: 408 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 409 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 410 add 411 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 412 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 413 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 414 41520090215: 416 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 417 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 418 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 419 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 420 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 421 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 422 423 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 424 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 425 be used for this: 426 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 427 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 428 42920090203: 430 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 431 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 432 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 433 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 434 same interface. 435 43620090201: 437 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 438 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 439 44020090119: 441 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 442 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 443 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 444 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 445 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 446 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 447 44820090115: 449 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 450 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 451 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 452 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 453 45420081225: 455 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 456 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 457 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 458 in next mpd5.3 release. 459 46020081219: 461 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 462 the base system (it was a port). 463 46420081216: 465 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 466 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 467 46820081214: 469 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 470 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 471 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 472 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 473 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 474 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 475 none of the L2 information. 476 47720081130: 478 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 479 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 480 481 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 482 483 to their kernel config files when specifying: 484 485 device ath_hal 486 487 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 488 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 489 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 490 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 491 49220081121: 493 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 494 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 495 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 496 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 497 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 498 packets. 499 50020081117: 501 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 502 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 503 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 504 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 505 50620081028: 507 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 508 50920081009: 510 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 511 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 512 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 513 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 514 controller add the following to loader.conf: 515 516 uhci_load="YES" 517 ehci_load="YES" 518 51920081009: 520 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 521 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 522 sync. 523 52420080820: 525 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 526 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 527 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 528 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 529 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 530 531 PCI/ISA: 532 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 533 534 USB: 535 ubser, ucycom 536 537 Line disciplines: 538 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 539 540 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 541 cause compilation to fail. 542 54320080818: 544 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 545 54620080801: 547 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 548 549 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 550 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 551 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 552 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 553 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 554 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 555 accepting the RSA key. 556 557 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 558 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 559 command line. 560 561 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 562 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 563 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 564 behavior. 565 56620080713: 567 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 568 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 569 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 570 571 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 572 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 573 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 574 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 575 use the new device names. 576 577 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 578 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 579 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 580 at the loader prompt: 581 582 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 583 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 584 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 585 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 586 boot -s 587 58820080609: 589 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 590 disks instead. 591 59220080603: 593 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 594 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 595 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 596 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 597 59820080525: 599 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 600 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 601 60220080509: 603 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 604 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 605 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 606 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 607 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 608 60920080420: 610 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 611 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 612 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 613 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 614 For example, change: 615 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 616 to 617 wlans_ath0=wlan0 618 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 619 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 620 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 621 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 622 623 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 624 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 625 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 626 62720080408: 628 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 629 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 630 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 631 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 632 other operation levels. 633 63420080312: 635 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 636 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 637 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 638 compatibility with any prior release: 639 640 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 641 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 642 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 643 64420080301: 645 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 646 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 647 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 648 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 649 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 650 nonetheless. 651 65220080229: 653 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 654 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 655 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 656 with older hardware easier to do. 657 65820080220: 659 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 660 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 661 66220080211: 663 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 664 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 665 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 666 firewall rules. 667 66820080208: 669 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 670 mbuf chains. 671 67220080126: 673 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 674 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 675 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 676 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 677 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 678 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 679 third-party software might fail to build after this change 680 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 681 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 682 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 683 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 684 case that a portable fix is impossible. 685 68620080123: 687 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 688 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 689 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 690 69120071128: 692 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 693 functionality is the default now. 694 69520071118: 696 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 697 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 698 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 699 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 700 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 701 702 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 703 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 704 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 705 70620071024: 707 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 708 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 709 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 710 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 711 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 712 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 713 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 714 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 715 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 716 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 717 however. 718 71920071020: 720 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 721 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 722 used kproc_start().. 723 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 724 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 725 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 726 72720071010: 728 RELENG_7 branched. 729 73020071009: 731 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 732 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 733 73420070930: 735 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 736 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 737 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 738 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 739 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 740 74120070928: 742 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 743 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 744 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 745 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 746 rc.conf. 747 74820070921: 749 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 750 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 751 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 752 75320070704: 754 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 755 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 756 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 757 75820070702: 759 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 760 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 761 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 762 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 763 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 764 76520070701: 766 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 767 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 768 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 769 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 770 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 771 will change after some settling time. 772 77320070701: 774 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 775 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 776 information. 777 77820070612: 779 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 780 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 781 accordingly. 782 78320070612: 784 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 785 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 786 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 787 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 788 78920070612: 790 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 791 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 792 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 793 the IPv4 network stack. 794 795 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 796 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 797 has now been removed. 798 799 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 800 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 801 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 802 updated to reflect this. 803 804 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 805 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 806 interfaces. 807 80820070610: 809 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 810 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 811 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 812 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 813 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 814 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 815 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 816 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 817 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 818 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 819 operating properly. 820 82120070610: 822 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 823 function and starts providing an account management function. 824 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 825 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 826 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 827 828 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 829 830 and change it according to this example: 831 832 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 833 834 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 835 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 836 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 837 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 838 83920070529: 840 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 841 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 842 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 843 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 844 84520070516: 846 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 847 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 848 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 849 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 850 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 851 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 852 symbol. 853 85420070513: 855 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 856 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 857 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 858 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 859 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 860 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 861 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 862 863 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 864 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 865 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 866 86720070423: 868 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 869 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 870 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 871 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 872 87320070417: 874 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 875 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 876 87720070408: 878 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 879 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 880 base operating system should be recompiled. 881 88220070302: 883 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 884 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 885 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 886 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 887 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 888 88920070228: 890 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 891 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 892 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 893 deprecated in previous releases. 894 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 895 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 896 89720070224: 898 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 899 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 900 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 901 sync. For more info: 902 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 903 90420070224: 905 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 906 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 907 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 908 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 909 91020070214: 911 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 912 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 913 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 914 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 915 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 916 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 917 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 918 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 919 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 920 92120070210: 922 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 923 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 924 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 925 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 926 ip_mroute.ko module. 927 92820070207: 929 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 930 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 931 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 932 mrouted.conf. 933 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 934 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 935 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 936 93720061221: 938 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 939 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 940 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 941 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 942 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 943 in the loader. 944 94520061214: 946 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 947 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 948 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 949 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 950 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 951 95220061214: 953 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 954 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 955 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 956 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 957 95820061205: 959 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 960 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 961 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 962 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 963 linux module. 964 96520061126: 966 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 967 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 968 with exceptions of followings: 969 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 970 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 971 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 972 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 973 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 974 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 975 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 976 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 977 97820061122: 979 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 980 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 981 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 982 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 983 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 984 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 985 986 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 987 988 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 989 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 990 the array the same way you built it originally. 991 99220061122: 993 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 994 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 995 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 996 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 997 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 998 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 999 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 1000 100120061113: 1002 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 1003 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 1004 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 1005 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 1006 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 1007 100820061110: 1009 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 1010 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 1011 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 1012 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 1013 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 1014 101520061026: 1016 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 1017 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 1018 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 1019 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 1020 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 1021 added to 'struct proc'. 1022 102320060929: 1024 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 1025 102620060927: 1027 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 1028 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 1029 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 1030 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 1031 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 1032 103320060924: 1034 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 1035 103620060913: 1037 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 1038 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 1039 systat needs to be rebuilt. 1040 104120060903: 1042 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 1043 104420060816: 1045 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 1046 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 1047 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 1048 104920060725: 1050 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 1051 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 1052 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 1053 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 1054 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 1055 105620060709: 1057 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 1058 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 1059 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 1060 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 1061 106220060627: 1063 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 1064 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 1065 accordingly. 1066 106720060514: 1068 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 1069 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 1070 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 1071 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 1072 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 1073 107420060511: 1075 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 1076 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 1077 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 1078 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 1079 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 1080 `make installworld' with: 1081 1082 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 1083 1084 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 1085 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 1086 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 1087 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 1088 108920060412: 1090 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 1091 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 1092 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 1093 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 1094 rewrite rules. 1095 109620060428: 1097 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 1098 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 1099 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 1100 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 1101 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 1102 implements the interface to support it. 1103 110420060330: 1105 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 1106 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 1107 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 1108 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 1109 functional. 1110 111120060317: 1112 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 1113 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 1114 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 1115 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 1116 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 1117 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 1118 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 1119 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 1120 likely follow. Posting to current@: 1121 1122 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 1123 112420060305: 1125 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 1126 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 1127 112820060303: 1129 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 1130 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 1131 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 1132 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 1133 its dependencies. 1134 113520060204: 1136 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 1137 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 1138 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 1139 114020060201: 1141 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 1142 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 1143 114420060118: 1145 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 1146 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 1147 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 1148 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 1149 on your next install. 1150 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 1151 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 1152 to your /etc/make.conf. 1153 115420060113: 1155 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 1156 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 1157 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 1158 115920060112: 1160 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 1161 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 1162 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 1163 116420060106: 1165 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1166 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 1167 116820060106: 1169 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 1170 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 1171 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 1172 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 1173 117420051231: 1175 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 1176 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 1177 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 1178 117920051211: 1180 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 1181 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 1182 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 1183 accordingly. 1184 118520051202: 1186 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 1187 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 1188 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 1189 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 1190 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 1191 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 1192 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 1193 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 1194 119520051129: 1196 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 1197 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 1198 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 1199 120020051129: 1201 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 1202 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 1203 120420051108: 1205 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1206 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 1207 120820051029: 1209 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 1210 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 1211 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 1212 121320051014: 1214 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 1215 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 1216 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 1217 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 1218 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1219 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1220 modules afterwards. 1221 122220051001: 1223 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1224 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1225 122620050927: 1227 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1228 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1229 123020050722: 1231 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1232 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1233 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1234 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1235 architecture. 1236 123720050711: 1238 RELENG_6 branched here. 1239 124020050629: 1241 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1242 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1243 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1244 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1245 removable_interfaces. 1246 124720050616: 1248 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1249 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1250 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1251 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1252 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1253 affect existing configurations. 1254 125520050610: 1256 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1257 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1258 updated to the new APIs. 1259 126020050609: 1261 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1262 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1263 will not behave correctly. 1264 1265 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1266 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1267 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1268 126920050606: 1270 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1271 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1272 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1273 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1274 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1275 1276 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1277 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1278 anyway). 1279 128020050605: 1281 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1282 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1283 128420050603: 1285 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1286 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1287 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1288 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1289 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1290 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1291 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1292 129320050528: 1294 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1295 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1296 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1297 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1298 129920050503: 1300 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1301 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1302 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1303 130420050415: 1305 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1306 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1307 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1308 should be updated. 1309 131020050227: 1311 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1312 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1313 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1314 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1315 131620050225: 1317 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1318 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1319 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1320 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1321 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1322 none at this point.) 1323 132420050224: 1325 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1326 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1327 132820050223: 1329 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1330 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1331 with the new kernel. 1332 133320050223: 1334 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1335 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1336 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1337 133820050220: 1339 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1340 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1341 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1342 if you have updated the kernel. 1343 1344 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1345 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1346 mounting the new volume. 1347 134820050206: 1349 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1350 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1351 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1352 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1353 135420050206: 1355 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1356 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1357 135820050114: 1359 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1360 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1361 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1362 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1363 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1364 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1365 136620041221: 1367 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1368 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1369 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1370 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1371 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1372 137320041219: 1374 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1375 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1376 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1377 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1378 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1379 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1380 and wlan_xauth as required. 1381 138220041213: 1383 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1384 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1385 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1386 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1387 reflect the change. 1388 138920041201: 1390 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1391 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1392 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1393 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1394 the module when a wep key is configured). 1395 139620041201: 1397 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1398 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1399 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1400 140120041116: 1402 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1403 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1404 140520041110: 1406 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1407 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1408 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1409 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1410 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1411 their /etc/rc scripts. 1412 141320041104: 1414 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1415 141620041102: 1417 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1418 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1419 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1420 142120041022: 1422 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1423 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1424 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1425 142620041016: 1427 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1428 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1429 1430COMMON ITEMS: 1431 1432 General Notes 1433 ------------- 1434 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1435 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1436 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1437 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1438 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1439 on the -current branch). 1440 1441 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1442 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1443 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1444 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1445 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1446 page for more details. 1447 1448 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1449 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1450 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1451 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1452 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1453 version upgrade. 1454 1455 To build a kernel 1456 ----------------- 1457 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1458 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1459 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1460 1461 make kernel-toolchain 1462 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1463 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1464 1465 To test a kernel once 1466 --------------------- 1467 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1468 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1469 debugging information) run 1470 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1471 nextboot -k testkernel 1472 1473 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1474 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1475 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1476 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1477 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1478 1479 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1480 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1481 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1482 make depend 1483 make 1484 make install 1485 1486 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1487 1488 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1489 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1490 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1491 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1492 1493 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1494 make buildworld 1495 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1496 [1] 1497 <reboot in single user> [3] 1498 mergemaster -p [5] 1499 make installworld 1500 make delete-old 1501 mergemaster [4] 1502 <reboot> 1503 1504 1505 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1506 -------------------------------------------------- 1507 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1508 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1509 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1510 # size. 1511 1512 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1513 <boot into -stable> 1514 make buildworld 1515 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1516 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1517 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1518 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1519 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1520 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1521 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1522 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1523 <reboot into current> 1524 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1525 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1526 <reboot> 1527 1528 1529 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1530 ---------------------------------------------- 1531 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1532 make buildworld [9] 1533 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1534 [1] 1535 <reboot in single user> [3] 1536 mergemaster -p [5] 1537 make installworld 1538 make delete-old 1539 mergemaster -i [4] 1540 <reboot> 1541 1542 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1543 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1544 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1545 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1546 the UPDATING entries. 1547 1548 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1549 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1550 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1551 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1552 much fewer pitfalls. 1553 1554 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1555 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1556 system on reboot. 1557 1558 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1559 fsck -p 1560 mount -u / 1561 mount -a 1562 cd src 1563 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1564 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1565 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1566 1567 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1568 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1569 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1570 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1571 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1572 for potential gotchas. 1573 1574 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1575 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1576 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1577 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1578 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1579 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1580 1581 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1582 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1583 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1584 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1585 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1586 1587 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1588 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1589 1590 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1591 cvs prune empty directories. 1592 1593 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1594 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1595 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1596 1597 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1598 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1599 warn if it is improperly defined. 1600FORMAT: 1601 1602This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1603breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1604and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1605previous releases if your system is older than this. 1606 1607Copyright information: 1608 1609Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1610 1611Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1612modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1613document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1614 1615THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1616IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1617WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1618DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1619INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1620(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1621SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1622HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1623STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1624IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1625POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1626 1627If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1628author a beer. 1629 1630Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1631this document. 1632 1633$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 195132 2009-06-28 08:59:46Z blackend $ 1634