UPDATING revision 191126
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090415: 26 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 27 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 28 state will require a world rebuild. 29 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 3020090415: 31 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 32 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 33 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 34 3520090414: 36 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 37 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 38 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 39 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 40 load balancing. 41 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 4220090408: 43 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 44 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 45 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 46 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 47 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 48 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 49 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 50 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 51 5220090407: 53 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 54 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 55 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 56 5720090320: 58 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 59 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 60 introduces some changes: 61 62 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 63 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 64 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 65 66 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 67 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 68 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 69 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 70 71 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 72 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 73 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 74 the "386BSD" type). 75 76 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 77 7820090319: 79 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 80 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 81 (supported by sane). 82 8320090319: 84 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 85 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 86 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 87 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 88 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 89 9020090315: 91 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 92 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 93 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 94 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 95 used. 96 9720090313: 98 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 99 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 100 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 101 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 102 10320090313: 104 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 105 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 106 10720090309: 108 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 109 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 110 111 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 112 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 113 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 114 115 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 116 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 117 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 118 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 119 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 120 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 121 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 122 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 123 124 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 125 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 126 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 127 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 128 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 129 to preserve the existing behaviour. 130 131 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 132 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 133 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 134 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 135 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 136 137 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 138 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 139 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 140 via IGMP. 141 142 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 143 recompiled to reflect this. 144 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 145 14620090309: 147 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 148 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 149 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 150 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 151 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 152 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 153 15420090302: 155 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 156 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 157 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 158 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 159 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 160 raised to allow such segments to be created. 161 16220090301: 163 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 164 network device driver modules. 165 16620090227: 167 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 168 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 169 17020090223: 171 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 172 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 173 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 174 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 175 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 176 apply. 177 17820090217: 179 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 180 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 181 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 182 use the new name. 183 18420090216: 185 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 186 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 187 add 188 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 189 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 190 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 191 19220090215: 193 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 194 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 195 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 196 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 197 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 198 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 199 200 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 201 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 202 be used for this: 203 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 204 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 205 20620090203: 207 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 208 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 209 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 210 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 211 same interface. 212 21320090201: 214 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 215 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 216 21720090119: 218 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 219 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 220 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 221 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 222 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 223 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 224 22520090115: 226 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 227 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 228 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 229 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 230 23120081225: 232 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 233 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 234 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 235 in next mpd5.3 release. 236 23720081219: 238 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 239 the base system (it was a port). 240 24120081216: 242 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 243 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 244 24520081214: 246 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 247 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 248 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 249 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 250 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 251 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 252 none of the L2 information. 253 25420081130: 255 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 256 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 257 258 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 259 260 to their kernel config files when specifying: 261 262 device ath_hal 263 264 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 265 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 266 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 267 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 268 26920081121: 270 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 271 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 272 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 273 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 274 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 275 packets. 276 27720081117: 278 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 279 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 280 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 281 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 282 28320081028: 284 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 285 28620081009: 287 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 288 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 289 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 290 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 291 controller add the following to loader.conf: 292 293 uhci_load="YES" 294 ehci_load="YES" 295 29620081009: 297 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 298 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 299 sync. 300 30120080820: 302 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 303 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 304 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 305 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 306 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 307 308 PCI/ISA: 309 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 310 311 USB: 312 ubser, ucycom 313 314 Line disciplines: 315 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 316 317 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 318 cause compilation to fail. 319 32020080818: 321 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 322 32320080801: 324 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 325 326 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 327 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 328 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 329 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 330 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 331 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 332 accepting the RSA key. 333 334 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 335 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 336 command line. 337 338 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 339 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 340 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 341 behavior. 342 34320080713: 344 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 345 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 346 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 347 348 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 349 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 350 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 351 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 352 use the new device names. 353 354 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 355 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 356 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 357 at the loader prompt: 358 359 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 360 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 361 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 362 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 363 boot -s 364 36520080609: 366 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 367 disks instead. 368 36920080603: 370 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 371 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 372 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 373 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 374 37520080525: 376 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 377 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 378 37920080509: 380 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 381 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 382 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 383 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 384 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 385 38620080420: 387 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 388 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 389 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 390 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 391 For example, change: 392 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 393 to 394 wlans_ath0=wlan0 395 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 396 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 397 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 398 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 399 400 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 401 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 402 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 403 40420080408: 405 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 406 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 407 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 408 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 409 other operation levels. 410 41120080312: 412 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 413 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 414 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 415 compatibility with any prior release: 416 417 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 418 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 419 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 420 42120080301: 422 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 423 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 424 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 425 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 426 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 427 nonetheless. 428 42920080229: 430 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 431 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 432 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 433 with older hardware easier to do. 434 43520080220: 436 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 437 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 438 43920080211: 440 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 441 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 442 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 443 firewall rules. 444 44520080208: 446 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 447 mbuf chains. 448 44920080126: 450 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 451 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 452 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 453 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 454 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 455 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 456 third-party software might fail to build after this change 457 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 458 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 459 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 460 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 461 case that a portable fix is impossible. 462 46320080123: 464 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 465 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 466 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 467 46820071128: 469 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 470 functionality is the default now. 471 47220071118: 473 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 474 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 475 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 476 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 477 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 478 479 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 480 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 481 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 482 48320071024: 484 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 485 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 486 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 487 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 488 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 489 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 490 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 491 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 492 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 493 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 494 however. 495 49620071020: 497 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 498 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 499 used kproc_start().. 500 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 501 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 502 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 503 50420071010: 505 RELENG_7 branched. 506 50720071009: 508 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 509 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 510 51120070930: 512 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 513 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 514 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 515 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 516 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 517 51820070928: 519 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 520 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 521 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 522 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 523 rc.conf. 524 52520070921: 526 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 527 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 528 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 529 53020070704: 531 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 532 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 533 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 534 53520070702: 536 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 537 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 538 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 539 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 540 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 541 54220070701: 543 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 544 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 545 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 546 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 547 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 548 will change after some settling time. 549 55020070701: 551 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 552 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 553 information. 554 55520070612: 556 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 557 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 558 accordingly. 559 56020070612: 561 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 562 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 563 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 564 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 565 56620070612: 567 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 568 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 569 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 570 the IPv4 network stack. 571 572 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 573 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 574 has now been removed. 575 576 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 577 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 578 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 579 updated to reflect this. 580 581 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 582 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 583 interfaces. 584 58520070610: 586 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 587 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 588 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 589 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 590 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 591 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 592 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 593 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 594 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 595 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 596 operating properly. 597 59820070610: 599 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 600 function and starts providing an account management function. 601 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 602 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 603 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 604 605 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 606 607 and change it according to this example: 608 609 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 610 611 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 612 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 613 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 614 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 615 61620070529: 617 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 618 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 619 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 620 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 621 62220070516: 623 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 624 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 625 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 626 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 627 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 628 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 629 symbol. 630 63120070513: 632 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 633 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 634 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 635 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 636 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 637 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 638 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 639 640 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 641 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 642 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 643 64420070423: 645 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 646 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 647 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 648 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 649 65020070417: 651 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 652 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 653 65420070408: 655 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 656 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 657 base operating system should be recompiled. 658 65920070302: 660 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 661 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 662 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 663 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 664 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 665 66620070228: 667 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 668 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 669 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 670 deprecated in previous releases. 671 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 672 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 673 67420070224: 675 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 676 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 677 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 678 sync. For more info: 679 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 680 68120070224: 682 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 683 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 684 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 685 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 686 68720070214: 688 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 689 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 690 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 691 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 692 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 693 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 694 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 695 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 696 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 697 69820070210: 699 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 700 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 701 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 702 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 703 ip_mroute.ko module. 704 70520070207: 706 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 707 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 708 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 709 mrouted.conf. 710 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 711 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 712 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 713 71420061221: 715 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 716 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 717 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 718 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 719 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 720 in the loader. 721 72220061214: 723 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 724 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 725 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 726 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 727 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 728 72920061214: 730 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 731 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 732 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 733 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 734 73520061205: 736 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 737 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 738 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 739 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 740 linux module. 741 74220061126: 743 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 744 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 745 with exceptions of followings: 746 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 747 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 748 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 749 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 750 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 751 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 752 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 753 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 754 75520061122: 756 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 757 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 758 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 759 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 760 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 761 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 762 763 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 764 765 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 766 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 767 the array the same way you built it originally. 768 76920061122: 770 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 771 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 772 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 773 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 774 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 775 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 776 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 777 77820061113: 779 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 780 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 781 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 782 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 783 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 784 78520061110: 786 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 787 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 788 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 789 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 790 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 791 79220061026: 793 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 794 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 795 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 796 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 797 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 798 added to 'struct proc'. 799 80020060929: 801 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 802 80320060927: 804 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 805 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 806 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 807 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 808 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 809 81020060924: 811 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 812 81320060913: 814 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 815 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 816 systat needs to be rebuilt. 817 81820060903: 819 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 820 82120060816: 822 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 823 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 824 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 825 82620060725: 827 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 828 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 829 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 830 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 831 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 832 83320060709: 834 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 835 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 836 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 837 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 838 83920060627: 840 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 841 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 842 accordingly. 843 84420060514: 845 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 846 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 847 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 848 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 849 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 850 85120060511: 852 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 853 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 854 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 855 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 856 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 857 `make installworld' with: 858 859 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 860 861 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 862 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 863 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 864 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 865 86620060412: 867 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 868 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 869 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 870 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 871 rewrite rules. 872 87320060428: 874 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 875 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 876 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 877 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 878 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 879 implements the interface to support it. 880 88120060330: 882 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 883 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 884 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 885 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 886 functional. 887 88820060317: 889 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 890 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 891 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 892 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 893 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 894 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 895 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 896 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 897 likely follow. Posting to current@: 898 899 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 900 90120060305: 902 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 903 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 904 90520060303: 906 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 907 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 908 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 909 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 910 its dependencies. 911 91220060204: 913 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 914 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 915 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 916 91720060201: 918 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 919 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 920 92120060118: 922 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 923 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 924 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 925 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 926 on your next install. 927 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 928 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 929 to your /etc/make.conf. 930 93120060113: 932 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 933 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 934 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 935 93620060112: 937 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 938 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 939 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 940 94120060106: 942 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 943 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 944 94520060106: 946 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 947 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 948 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 949 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 950 95120051231: 952 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 953 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 954 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 955 95620051211: 957 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 958 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 959 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 960 accordingly. 961 96220051202: 963 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 964 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 965 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 966 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 967 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 968 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 969 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 970 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 971 97220051129: 973 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 974 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 975 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 976 97720051129: 978 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 979 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 980 98120051108: 982 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 983 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 984 98520051029: 986 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 987 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 988 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 989 99020051014: 991 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 992 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 993 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 994 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 995 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 996 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 997 modules afterwards. 998 99920051001: 1000 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1001 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1002 100320050927: 1004 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1005 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1006 100720050722: 1008 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1009 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1010 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1011 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1012 architecture. 1013 101420050711: 1015 RELENG_6 branched here. 1016 101720050629: 1018 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1019 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1020 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1021 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1022 removable_interfaces. 1023 102420050616: 1025 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1026 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1027 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1028 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1029 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1030 affect existing configurations. 1031 103220050610: 1033 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1034 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1035 updated to the new APIs. 1036 103720050609: 1038 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1039 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1040 will not behave correctly. 1041 1042 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1043 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1044 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1045 104620050606: 1047 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1048 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1049 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1050 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1051 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1052 1053 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1054 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1055 anyway). 1056 105720050605: 1058 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1059 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1060 106120050603: 1062 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1063 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1064 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1065 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1066 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1067 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1068 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1069 107020050528: 1071 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1072 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1073 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1074 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1075 107620050503: 1077 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1078 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1079 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1080 108120050415: 1082 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1083 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1084 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1085 should be updated. 1086 108720050227: 1088 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1089 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1090 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1091 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1092 109320050225: 1094 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1095 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1096 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1097 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1098 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1099 none at this point.) 1100 110120050224: 1102 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1103 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1104 110520050223: 1106 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1107 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1108 with the new kernel. 1109 111020050223: 1111 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1112 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1113 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1114 111520050220: 1116 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1117 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1118 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1119 if you have updated the kernel. 1120 1121 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1122 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1123 mounting the new volume. 1124 112520050206: 1126 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1127 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1128 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1129 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1130 113120050206: 1132 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1133 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1134 113520050114: 1136 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1137 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1138 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1139 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1140 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1141 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1142 114320041221: 1144 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1145 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1146 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1147 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1148 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1149 115020041219: 1151 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1152 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1153 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1154 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1155 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1156 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1157 and wlan_xauth as required. 1158 115920041213: 1160 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1161 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1162 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1163 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1164 reflect the change. 1165 116620041201: 1167 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1168 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1169 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1170 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1171 the module when a wep key is configured). 1172 117320041201: 1174 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1175 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1176 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1177 117820041116: 1179 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1180 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1181 118220041110: 1183 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1184 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1185 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1186 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1187 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1188 their /etc/rc scripts. 1189 119020041104: 1191 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1192 119320041102: 1194 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1195 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1196 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1197 119820041022: 1199 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1200 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1201 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1202 120320041016: 1204 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1205 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1206 1207COMMON ITEMS: 1208 1209 General Notes 1210 ------------- 1211 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1212 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1213 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1214 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1215 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1216 on the -current branch). 1217 1218 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1219 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1220 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1221 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1222 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1223 page for more details. 1224 1225 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1226 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1227 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1228 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1229 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1230 version upgrade. 1231 1232 To build a kernel 1233 ----------------- 1234 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1235 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1236 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1237 1238 make kernel-toolchain 1239 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1240 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1241 1242 To test a kernel once 1243 --------------------- 1244 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1245 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1246 debugging information) run 1247 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1248 nextboot -k testkernel 1249 1250 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1251 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1252 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1253 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1254 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1255 1256 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1257 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1258 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1259 make depend 1260 make 1261 make install 1262 1263 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1264 1265 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1266 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1267 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1268 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1269 1270 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1271 make buildworld 1272 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1273 [1] 1274 <reboot in single user> [3] 1275 mergemaster -p [5] 1276 make installworld 1277 make delete-old 1278 mergemaster [4] 1279 <reboot> 1280 1281 1282 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1283 -------------------------------------------------- 1284 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1285 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1286 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1287 # size. 1288 1289 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1290 <boot into -stable> 1291 make buildworld 1292 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1293 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1294 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1295 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1296 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1297 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1298 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1299 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1300 <reboot into current> 1301 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1302 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1303 <reboot> 1304 1305 1306 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1307 ---------------------------------------------- 1308 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1309 make buildworld [9] 1310 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1311 [1] 1312 <reboot in single user> [3] 1313 mergemaster -p [5] 1314 make installworld 1315 make delete-old 1316 mergemaster -i [4] 1317 <reboot> 1318 1319 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1320 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1321 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1322 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1323 the UPDATING entries. 1324 1325 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1326 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1327 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1328 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1329 much fewer pitfalls. 1330 1331 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1332 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1333 system on reboot. 1334 1335 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1336 fsck -p 1337 mount -u / 1338 mount -a 1339 cd src 1340 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1341 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1342 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1343 1344 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1345 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1346 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1347 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1348 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1349 for potential gotchas. 1350 1351 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1352 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1353 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1354 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1355 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1356 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1357 1358 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1359 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1360 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1361 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1362 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1363 1364 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1365 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1366 1367 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1368 cvs prune empty directories. 1369 1370 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1371 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1372 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1373 1374 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1375 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1376 warn if it is improperly defined. 1377FORMAT: 1378 1379This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1380breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1381and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1382previous releases if your system is older than this. 1383 1384Copyright information: 1385 1386Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1387 1388Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1389modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1390document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1391 1392THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1393IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1394WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1395DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1396INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1397(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1398SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1399HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1400STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1401IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1402POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1403 1404If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1405author a beer. 1406 1407Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1408this document. 1409 1410$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 191126 2009-04-15 22:09:42Z kmacy $ 1411