UPDATING revision 186199
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 2420081216: 25 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 26 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 27 2820081214: 29 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 30 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 31 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 32 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 33 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 34 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 35 none of the L2 information. 36 3720081130: 38 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 39 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 40 41 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 42 43 to their kernel config files when specifying: 44 45 device ath_hal 46 47 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 48 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 49 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 50 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 51 5220081121: 53 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 54 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 55 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 56 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 57 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 58 packets. 59 6020081117: 61 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 62 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 63 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 64 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 65 6620081028: 67 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 68 6920081009: 70 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 71 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 72 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 73 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 74 controller add the following to loader.conf: 75 76 uhci_load="YES" 77 ehci_load="YES" 78 7920081009: 80 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 81 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 82 sync. 83 8420080820: 85 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 86 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 87 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 88 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 89 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 90 91 PCI/ISA: 92 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 93 94 USB: 95 ubser, ucycom 96 97 Line disciplines: 98 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 99 100 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 101 cause compilation to fail. 102 10320080818: 104 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 105 10620080801: 107 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 108 109 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 110 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 111 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 112 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 113 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 114 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 115 accepting the RSA key. 116 117 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 118 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 119 command line. 120 121 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 122 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 123 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 124 behavior. 125 12620080713: 127 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 128 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 129 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 130 131 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 132 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 133 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 134 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 135 use the new device names. 136 137 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 138 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 139 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 140 at the loader prompt: 141 142 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 143 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 144 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 145 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 146 boot -s 147 14820080609: 149 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 150 disks instead. 151 15220080603: 153 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 154 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 155 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 156 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 157 15820080525: 159 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 160 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 161 16220080509: 163 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 164 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 165 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 166 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 167 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 168 16920080420: 170 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 171 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 172 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 173 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 174 For example, change: 175 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 176 to 177 wlans_ath0=wlan0 178 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 179 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 180 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 181 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 182 183 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 184 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 185 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 186 18720080408: 188 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 189 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 190 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 191 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 192 other operation levels. 193 19420080312: 195 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 196 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 197 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 198 compatibility with any prior release: 199 200 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 201 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 202 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 203 20420080301: 205 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 206 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 207 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 208 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 209 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 210 nonetheless. 211 21220080229: 213 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 214 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 215 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 216 with older hardware easier to do. 217 21820080220: 219 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 220 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 221 22220080211: 223 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 224 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 225 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 226 firewall rules. 227 22820080208: 229 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 230 mbuf chains. 231 23220080126: 233 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 234 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 235 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 236 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 237 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 238 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 239 third-party software might fail to build after this change 240 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 241 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 242 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 243 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 244 case that a portable fix is impossible. 245 24620080123: 247 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 248 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 249 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 250 25120071128: 252 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 253 functionality is the default now. 254 25520071118: 256 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 257 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 258 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 259 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 260 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 261 262 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 263 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 264 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 265 26620071024: 267 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 268 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 269 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 270 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 271 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 272 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 273 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 274 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 275 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 276 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 277 however. 278 27920071020: 280 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 281 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 282 used kproc_start().. 283 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 284 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 285 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 286 28720071010: 288 RELENG_7 branched. 289 29020071009: 291 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 292 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 293 29420070930: 295 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 296 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 297 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 298 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 299 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 300 30120070928: 302 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 303 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 304 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 305 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 306 rc.conf. 307 30820070921: 309 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 310 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 311 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 312 31320070704: 314 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 315 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 316 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 317 31820070702: 319 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 320 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 321 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 322 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 323 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 324 32520070701: 326 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 327 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 328 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 329 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 330 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 331 will change after some settling time. 332 33320070701: 334 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 335 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 336 information. 337 33820070612: 339 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 340 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 341 accordingly. 342 34320070612: 344 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 345 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 346 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 347 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 348 34920070612: 350 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 351 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 352 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 353 the IPv4 network stack. 354 355 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 356 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 357 has now been removed. 358 359 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 360 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 361 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 362 updated to reflect this. 363 364 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 365 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 366 interfaces. 367 36820070610: 369 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 370 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 371 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 372 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 373 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 374 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 375 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 376 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 377 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 378 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 379 operating properly. 380 38120070610: 382 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 383 function and starts providing an account management function. 384 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 385 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 386 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 387 388 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 389 390 and change it according to this example: 391 392 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 393 394 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 395 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 396 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 397 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 398 39920070529: 400 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 401 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 402 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 403 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 404 40520070516: 406 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 407 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 408 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 409 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 410 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 411 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 412 symbol. 413 41420070513: 415 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 416 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 417 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 418 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 419 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 420 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 421 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 422 423 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 424 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 425 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 426 42720070423: 428 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 429 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 430 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 431 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 432 43320070417: 434 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 435 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 436 43720070408: 438 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 439 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 440 base operating system should be recompiled. 441 44220070302: 443 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 444 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 445 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 446 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 447 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 448 44920070228: 450 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 451 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 452 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 453 deprecated in previous releases. 454 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 455 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 456 45720070224: 458 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 459 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 460 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 461 sync. For more info: 462 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 463 46420070224: 465 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 466 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 467 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 468 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 469 47020070214: 471 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 472 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 473 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 474 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 475 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 476 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 477 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 478 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 479 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 480 48120070210: 482 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 483 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 484 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 485 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 486 ip_mroute.ko module. 487 48820070207: 489 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 490 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 491 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 492 mrouted.conf. 493 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 494 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 495 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 496 49720061221: 498 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 499 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 500 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 501 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 502 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 503 in the loader. 504 50520061214: 506 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 507 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 508 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 509 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 510 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 511 51220061214: 513 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 514 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 515 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 516 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 517 51820061205: 519 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 520 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 521 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 522 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 523 linux module. 524 52520061126: 526 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 527 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 528 with exceptions of followings: 529 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 530 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 531 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 532 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 533 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 534 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 535 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 536 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 537 53820061122: 539 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 540 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 541 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 542 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 543 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 544 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 545 546 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 547 548 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 549 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 550 the array the same way you built it originally. 551 55220061122: 553 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 554 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 555 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 556 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 557 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 558 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 559 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 560 56120061113: 562 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 563 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 564 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 565 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 566 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 567 56820061110: 569 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 570 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 571 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 572 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 573 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 574 57520061026: 576 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 577 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 578 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 579 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 580 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 581 added to 'struct proc'. 582 58320060929: 584 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 585 58620060927: 587 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 588 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 589 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 590 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 591 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 592 59320060924: 594 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 595 59620060913: 597 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 598 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 599 systat needs to be rebuilt. 600 60120060903: 602 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 603 60420060816: 605 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 606 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 607 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 608 60920060725: 610 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 611 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 612 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 613 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 614 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 615 61620060709: 617 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 618 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 619 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 620 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 621 62220060627: 623 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 624 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 625 accordingly. 626 62720060514: 628 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 629 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 630 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 631 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 632 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 633 63420060511: 635 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 636 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 637 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 638 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 639 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 640 `make installworld' with: 641 642 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 643 644 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 645 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 646 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 647 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 648 64920060412: 650 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 651 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 652 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 653 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 654 rewrite rules. 655 65620060428: 657 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 658 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 659 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 660 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 661 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 662 implements the interface to support it. 663 66420060330: 665 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 666 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 667 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 668 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 669 functional. 670 67120060317: 672 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 673 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 674 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 675 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 676 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 677 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 678 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 679 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 680 likely follow. Posting to current@: 681 682 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 683 68420060305: 685 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 686 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 687 68820060303: 689 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 690 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 691 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 692 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 693 its dependencies. 694 69520060204: 696 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 697 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 698 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 699 70020060201: 701 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 702 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 703 70420060118: 705 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 706 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 707 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 708 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 709 on your next install. 710 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 711 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 712 to your /etc/make.conf. 713 71420060113: 715 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 716 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 717 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 718 71920060112: 720 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 721 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 722 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 723 72420060106: 725 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 726 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 727 72820060106: 729 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 730 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 731 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 732 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 733 73420051231: 735 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 736 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 737 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 738 73920051211: 740 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 741 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 742 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 743 accordingly. 744 74520051202: 746 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 747 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 748 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 749 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 750 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 751 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 752 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 753 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 754 75520051129: 756 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 757 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 758 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 759 76020051129: 761 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 762 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 763 76420051108: 765 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 766 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 767 76820051029: 769 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 770 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 771 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 772 77320051014: 774 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 775 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 776 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 777 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 778 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 779 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 780 modules afterwards. 781 78220051001: 783 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 784 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 785 78620050927: 787 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 788 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 789 79020050722: 791 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 792 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 793 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 794 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 795 architecture. 796 79720050711: 798 RELENG_6 branched here. 799 80020050629: 801 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 802 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 803 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 804 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 805 removable_interfaces. 806 80720050616: 808 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 809 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 810 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 811 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 812 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 813 affect existing configurations. 814 81520050610: 816 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 817 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 818 updated to the new APIs. 819 82020050609: 821 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 822 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 823 will not behave correctly. 824 825 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 826 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 827 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 828 82920050606: 830 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 831 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 832 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 833 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 834 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 835 836 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 837 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 838 anyway). 839 84020050605: 841 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 842 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 843 84420050603: 845 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 846 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 847 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 848 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 849 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 850 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 851 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 852 85320050528: 854 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 855 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 856 fail after this date. For full details, please see 857 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 858 85920050503: 860 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 861 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 862 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 863 86420050415: 865 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 866 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 867 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 868 should be updated. 869 87020050227: 871 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 872 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 873 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 874 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 875 87620050225: 877 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 878 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 879 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 880 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 881 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 882 none at this point.) 883 88420050224: 885 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 886 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 887 88820050223: 889 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 890 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 891 with the new kernel. 892 89320050223: 894 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 895 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 896 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 897 89820050220: 899 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 900 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 901 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 902 if you have updated the kernel. 903 904 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 905 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 906 mounting the new volume. 907 90820050206: 909 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 910 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 911 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 912 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 913 91420050206: 915 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 916 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 917 91820050114: 919 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 920 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 921 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 922 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 923 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 924 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 925 92620041221: 927 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 928 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 929 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 930 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 931 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 932 93320041219: 934 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 935 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 936 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 937 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 938 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 939 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 940 and wlan_xauth as required. 941 94220041213: 943 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 944 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 945 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 946 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 947 reflect the change. 948 94920041201: 950 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 951 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 952 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 953 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 954 the module when a wep key is configured). 955 95620041201: 957 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 958 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 959 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 960 96120041116: 962 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 963 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 964 96520041110: 966 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 967 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 968 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 969 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 970 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 971 their /etc/rc scripts. 972 97320041104: 974 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 975 97620041102: 977 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 978 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 979 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 980 98120041022: 982 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 983 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 984 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 985 98620041016: 987 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 988 in the RELENG_5 branch. 989 990COMMON ITEMS: 991 992 General Notes 993 ------------- 994 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 995 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 996 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 997 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 998 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 999 on the -current branch). 1000 1001 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1002 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1003 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1004 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1005 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1006 page for more details. 1007 1008 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1009 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1010 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1011 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1012 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1013 version upgrade. 1014 1015 To build a kernel 1016 ----------------- 1017 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1018 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1019 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1020 1021 make kernel-toolchain 1022 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1023 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1024 1025 To test a kernel once 1026 --------------------- 1027 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1028 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1029 debugging information) run 1030 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1031 nextboot -k testkernel 1032 1033 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1034 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1035 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1036 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1037 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1038 1039 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1040 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1041 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1042 make depend 1043 make 1044 make install 1045 1046 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1047 1048 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1049 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1050 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1051 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1052 1053 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1054 make buildworld 1055 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1056 [1] 1057 <reboot in single user> [3] 1058 mergemaster -p [5] 1059 make installworld 1060 make delete-old 1061 mergemaster [4] 1062 <reboot> 1063 1064 1065 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1066 -------------------------------------------------- 1067 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1068 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1069 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1070 # size. 1071 1072 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1073 <boot into -stable> 1074 make buildworld 1075 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1076 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1077 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1078 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1079 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1080 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1081 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1082 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1083 <reboot into current> 1084 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1085 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1086 <reboot> 1087 1088 1089 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1090 ---------------------------------------------- 1091 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1092 make buildworld [9] 1093 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1094 [1] 1095 <reboot in single user> [3] 1096 mergemaster -p [5] 1097 make installworld 1098 make delete-old 1099 mergemaster -i [4] 1100 <reboot> 1101 1102 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1103 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1104 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1105 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1106 the UPDATING entries. 1107 1108 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1109 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1110 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1111 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1112 much fewer pitfalls. 1113 1114 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1115 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1116 system on reboot. 1117 1118 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1119 fsck -p 1120 mount -u / 1121 mount -a 1122 cd src 1123 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1124 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1125 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1126 1127 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1128 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1129 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1130 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1131 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1132 for potential gotchas. 1133 1134 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1135 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1136 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1137 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1138 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1139 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1140 1141 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1142 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1143 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1144 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1145 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1146 1147 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1148 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1149 1150 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1151 cvs prune empty directories. 1152 1153 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1154 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1155 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1156 1157 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1158 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1159 warn if it is improperly defined. 1160FORMAT: 1161 1162This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1163breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1164and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1165previous releases if your system is older than this. 1166 1167Copyright information: 1168 1169Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1170 1171Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1172modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1173document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1174 1175THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1176IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1177WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1178DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1179INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1180(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1181SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1182HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1183STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1184IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1185POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1186 1187If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1188author a beer. 1189 1190Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1191this document. 1192 1193$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 186199 2008-12-17 00:11:56Z kmacy $ 1194