UPDATING revision 168794
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420070417: 25 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 26 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 27 2820070408: 29 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 30 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 31 base operating system should be recompiled. 32 3320070302: 34 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 35 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 36 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 37 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 38 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 39 4020070228: 41 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 42 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 43 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 44 deprecated in previous releases. 45 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 46 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 47 4820070224: 49 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 50 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 51 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 52 sync. For more info: 53 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 54 5520070224: 56 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 57 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 58 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 59 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 60 6120070214: 62 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 63 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 64 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 65 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 66 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 67 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 68 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 69 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 70 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 71 7220070210: 73 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 74 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 75 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 76 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 77 ip_mroute.ko module. 78 7920070207: 80 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 81 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 82 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 83 mrouted.conf. 84 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 85 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 86 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 87 8820061221: 89 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 90 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 91 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 92 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 93 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 94 in the loader. 95 9620061214: 97 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 98 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 99 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 100 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 101 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 102 10320061214: 104 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 105 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 106 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 107 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 108 10920061205: 110 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 111 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 112 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 113 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 114 linux module. 115 11620061126: 117 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 118 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 119 with exceptions of followings: 120 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 121 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 122 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 123 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 124 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 125 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 126 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 127 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 128 12920061122: 130 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 131 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 132 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 133 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 134 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 135 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 136 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 137 13820061113: 139 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 140 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 141 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 142 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 143 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 144 14520061110: 146 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 147 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 148 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 149 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 150 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 151 15220061026: 153 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 154 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 155 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 156 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 157 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 158 added to 'struct proc'. 159 16020060929: 161 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 162 16320060927: 164 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 165 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 166 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 167 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 168 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 169 17020060924: 171 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 172 17320060913: 174 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 175 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 176 systat needs to be rebuilt. 177 17820060903: 179 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 180 18120060816: 182 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 183 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 184 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 185 18620060725: 187 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 188 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 189 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 190 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 191 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 192 19320060709: 194 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 195 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 196 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 197 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 198 19920060627: 200 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 201 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 202 accordingly. 203 20420060514: 205 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 206 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 207 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 208 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 209 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 210 21120060511: 212 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 213 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 214 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 215 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 216 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 217 `make installworld' with: 218 219 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 220 221 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 222 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 223 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 224 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 225 22620060412: 227 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 228 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 229 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 230 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 231 rewrite rules. 232 23320060428: 234 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 235 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 236 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 237 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 238 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 239 implements the interface to support it. 240 24120060330: 242 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 243 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 244 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 245 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 246 functional. 247 24820060317: 249 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 250 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 251 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 252 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 253 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 254 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 255 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 256 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 257 likely follow. Posting to current@: 258 259 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 260 26120060305: 262 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 263 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 264 26520060303: 266 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 267 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 268 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 269 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 270 its dependencies. 271 27220060204: 273 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 274 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 275 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 276 27720060201: 278 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 279 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 280 28120060118: 282 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 283 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 284 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 285 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 286 on your next install. 287 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 288 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 289 to your /etc/make.conf. 290 29120060113: 292 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 293 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 294 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 295 29620060112: 297 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 298 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 299 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 300 30120060106: 302 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 303 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 304 30520060106: 306 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 307 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 308 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 309 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 310 31120051231: 312 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 313 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 314 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 315 31620051211: 317 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 318 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 319 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 320 accordingly. 321 32220051202: 323 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 324 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 325 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 326 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 327 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 328 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 329 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 330 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 331 33220051129: 333 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 334 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 335 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 336 33720051129: 338 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 339 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 340 34120051108: 342 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 343 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 344 34520051029: 346 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 347 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 348 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 349 35020051014: 351 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 352 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 353 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 354 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 355 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 356 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 357 modules afterwards. 358 35920051001: 360 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 361 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 362 36320050927: 364 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 365 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 366 36720050722: 368 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 369 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 370 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 371 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 372 architecture. 373 37420050711: 375 RELENG_6 branched here. 376 37720050629: 378 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 379 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 380 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 381 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 382 removable_interfaces. 383 38420050616: 385 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 386 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 387 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 388 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 389 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 390 affect existing configurations. 391 39220050610: 393 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 394 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 395 updated to the new APIs. 396 39720050609: 398 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 399 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 400 will not behave correctly. 401 402 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 403 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 404 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 405 40620050606: 407 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 408 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 409 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 410 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 411 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 412 413 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 414 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 415 anyway). 416 41720050605: 418 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 419 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 420 42120050603: 422 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 423 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 424 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 425 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 426 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 427 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 428 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 429 43020050528: 431 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 432 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 433 fail after this date. For full details, please see 434 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 435 43620050503: 437 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 438 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 439 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 440 44120050415: 442 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 443 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 444 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 445 should be updated. 446 44720050227: 448 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 449 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 450 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 451 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 452 45320050225: 454 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 455 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 456 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 457 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 458 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 459 none at this point.) 460 46120050224: 462 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 463 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 464 46520050223: 466 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 467 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 468 with the new kernel. 469 47020050223: 471 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 472 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 473 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 474 47520050220: 476 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 477 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 478 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 479 if you have updated the kernel. 480 481 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 482 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 483 mounting the new volume. 484 48520050206: 486 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 487 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 488 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 489 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 490 49120050206: 492 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 493 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 494 49520050114: 496 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 497 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 498 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 499 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 500 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 501 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 502 50320041221: 504 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 505 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 506 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 507 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 508 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 509 51020041219: 511 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 512 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 513 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 514 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 515 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 516 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 517 and wlan_xauth as required. 518 51920041213: 520 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 521 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 522 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 523 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 524 reflect the change. 525 52620041201: 527 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 528 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 529 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 530 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 531 the module when a wep key is configured). 532 53320041201: 534 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 535 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 536 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 537 53820041116: 539 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 540 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 541 54220041110: 543 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 544 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 545 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 546 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 547 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 548 their /etc/rc scripts. 549 55020041104: 551 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 552 55320041102: 554 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 555 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 556 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 557 55820041022: 559 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 560 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 561 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 562 56320041016: 564 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 565 in the RELENG_5 branch. 566 567COMMON ITEMS: 568 569 General Notes 570 ------------- 571 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 572 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 573 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 574 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 575 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 576 on the -current branch). 577 578 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 579 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 580 environment when searching for values for global variables. 581 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 582 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 583 page for more details. 584 585 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 586 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 587 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 588 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 589 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 590 version upgrade. 591 592 To build a kernel 593 ----------------- 594 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 595 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 596 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 597 598 make kernel-toolchain 599 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 600 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 601 602 To test a kernel once 603 --------------------- 604 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 605 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 606 debugging information) run 607 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 608 nextboot -k testkernel 609 610 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 611 -------------------------------------------------------------- 612 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 613 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 614 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 615 616 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 617 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 618 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 619 make depend 620 make 621 make install 622 623 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 624 625 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 626 ----------------------------------------------------------- 627 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 628 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 629 630 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 631 make buildworld 632 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 633 [1] 634 <reboot in single user> [3] 635 mergemaster -p [5] 636 make installworld 637 make delete-old 638 mergemaster [4] 639 <reboot> 640 641 642 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 643 -------------------------------------------------- 644 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 645 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 646 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 647 # size. 648 649 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 650 <boot into -stable> 651 make buildworld 652 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 653 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 654 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 655 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 656 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 657 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 658 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 659 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 660 <reboot into current> 661 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 662 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 663 <reboot> 664 665 666 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 667 ---------------------------------------------- 668 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 669 make buildworld [9] 670 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 671 [1] 672 <reboot in single user> [3] 673 mergemaster -p [5] 674 make installworld 675 make delete-old 676 mergemaster -i [4] 677 <reboot> 678 679 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 680 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 681 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 682 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 683 the UPDATING entries. 684 685 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 686 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 687 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 688 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 689 much fewer pitfalls. 690 691 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 692 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 693 system on reboot. 694 695 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 696 fsck -p 697 mount -u / 698 mount -a 699 cd src 700 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 701 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 702 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 703 704 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 705 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 706 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 707 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 708 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 709 for potential gotchas. 710 711 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 712 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 713 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 714 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 715 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 716 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 717 718 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 719 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 720 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 721 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 722 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 723 724 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 725 last time you updated your kernel config file. 726 727 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 728 cvs prune empty directories. 729 730 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 731 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 732 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 733 734 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 735 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 736 warn if it is improperly defined. 737FORMAT: 738 739This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 740breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 741and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 742previous releases if your system is older than this. 743 744Copyright information: 745 746Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 747 748Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 749modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 750document are permitted without further permission from the author. 751 752THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 753IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 754WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 755DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 756INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 757(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 758SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 759HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 760STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 761IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 762POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 763 764If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 765author a beer. 766 767Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 768this document. 769 770$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 168794 2007-04-17 00:41:59Z thompsa $ 771