UPDATING revision 155178
192108SphkUpdating Information for FreeBSD current users 292108Sphk 392108SphkThis file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 492108Sphk<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 592108Sphkdone items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 692108Sphk 792108SphkItems affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 892108Sphk/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 992108Sphkportupgrade. 1092108Sphk 1192108SphkNOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 1292108Sphk FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 1392108Sphk both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 1492108Sphk incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 1592108Sphk through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 1692108Sphk also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 1792108Sphk do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 1892108Sphk you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 1992108Sphk related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 2092108Sphk in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 2192108Sphk developers choose to disable these features on build machines 2292108Sphk to maximize performance. 2392108Sphk 2492108Sphk20060201: 2592108Sphk The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 2692108Sphk Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 2792108Sphk 2892108Sphk20060118: 2992108Sphk This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 3092108Sphk now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 3192108Sphk This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 3292108Sphk will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 3392108Sphk on your next install. 3492108Sphk If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 3592108Sphk -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 36116196Sobrien to your /etc/make.conf. 37116196Sobrien 38116196Sobrien20060113: 3992108Sphk libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 4092108Sphk potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 4192108Sphk See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 4292108Sphk 4392108Sphk20060112: 4492108Sphk The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 4592108Sphk kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 4692108Sphk and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 4792108Sphk 4892108Sphk20060106: 4992108Sphk si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 5092108Sphk Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 51114216Skan 5292108Sphk20060106: 5395323Sphk The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 5492108Sphk of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 5592108Sphk as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 5692108Sphk Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 5792108Sphk 5892108Sphk20051231: 5992108Sphk The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 6092108Sphk from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 61111815Sphk any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 62111815Sphk 63111815Sphk20051211: 64111815Sphk The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 65111815Sphk have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 66111815Sphk "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 67111815Sphk accordingly. 68111815Sphk 69111815Sphk20051202: 7092108Sphk Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 7192108Sphk /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 7292108Sphk now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 7392108Sphk errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 7492108Sphk cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 7593248Sphk single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 76112552Sphk Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 77112552Sphk freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 7892108Sphk 7992108Sphk20051129: 80115960Sphk The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 81105947Sphk was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 82105947Sphk in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 83105947Sphk 84115960Sphk20051129: 85105947Sphk ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 86115960Sphk to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 87115960Sphk 88115960Sphk20051108: 89115960Sphk rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 90105947Sphk Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 91105947Sphk 92105947Sphk20051029: 93108294Sphk /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 94108294Sphk Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 95108294Sphk the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 96108294Sphk 97108294Sphk20051001: 98108294Sphk kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 99108294Sphk to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 10092108Sphk 101104087Sphk20050927: 10292108Sphk The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 10392108Sphk if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 10492108Sphk 10592108Sphk20050722: 10692108Sphk The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 10792108Sphk to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 10898066Sphk compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 10992108Sphk userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 11092108Sphk architecture. 11193248Sphk 11292108Sphk20050711: 11392108Sphk RELENG_6 branched here. 11492108Sphk 11592108Sphk20050629: 11692108Sphk The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 11792108Sphk variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 11892108Sphk pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 11992108Sphk do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 12092108Sphk removable_interfaces. 12192108Sphk 12292108Sphk20050616: 12392108Sphk Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 12492108Sphk non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 12592108Sphk to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 12692108Sphk made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 12796987Sphk ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 12892108Sphk affect existing configurations. 12996987Sphk 13092108Sphk20050610: 13192108Sphk Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 13292108Sphk recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 13392108Sphk updated to the new APIs. 13492108Sphk 13592108Sphk20050609: 13692108Sphk Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 13793250Sphk userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 13892108Sphk will not behave correctly. 13992108Sphk 14092108Sphk The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 141110540Sphk of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 14296987Sphk usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 14392108Sphk 14492108Sphk20050606: 14592108Sphk The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 14692108Sphk and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 14792108Sphk accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 14893248Sphk must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 14992108Sphk to find a workaround if you use this feature. 15092108Sphk 15193776Sphk20050605: 15292108Sphk if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 15396987Sphk Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 15496987Sphk 15596987Sphk20050603: 15696987Sphk The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 15796987Sphk 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 15896987Sphk conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 15996987Sphk compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 16092108Sphk shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 16192108Sphk userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 16296987Sphk getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 163104316Sphk 164110700Sphk20050528: 165110700Sphk Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 16696987Sphk scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 16796987Sphk fail after this date. For full details, please see 168110728Sphk http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 169110710Sphk 170110710Sphk20050503: 17192108Sphk The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 17292108Sphk Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 17392108Sphk authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 17492108Sphk 17592108Sphk20050415: 17692108Sphk The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 17792108Sphk amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 17892108Sphk APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 17992108Sphk should be updated. 18092108Sphk 18192108Sphk20050227: 18292108Sphk The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 18392108Sphk independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 18492108Sphk when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 18592108Sphk recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 186112978Sphk 187112978Sphk20050225: 188112978Sphk The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 18992108Sphk contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 19092108Sphk statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 19192108Sphk wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 19292108Sphk unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 193103004Sphk none at this point.) 19492108Sphk 195103004Sphk20050224: 196103004Sphk The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 197103004Sphk acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 198112978Sphk 199112978Sphk20050223: 200112978Sphk The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 201112978Sphk recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 202112978Sphk with the new kernel. 203112978Sphk 20492108Sphk20050223: 20592479Sphk The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 20698066Sphk "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 207112978Sphk compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 208112978Sphk 20992108Sphk20050220: 21092108Sphk The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 21192108Sphk a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 21292108Sphk background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 21392108Sphk if you have updated the kernel. 21492108Sphk 21592108Sphk To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 21692108Sphk time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 217114864Sphk mounting the new volume. 21892108Sphk 21992108Sphk20050206: 22092108Sphk The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 22192108Sphk acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 22292108Sphk has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 22392108Sphk rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 22492108Sphk 22592108Sphk20050206: 22692108Sphk NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 227103004Sphk requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 22892108Sphk 229103004Sphk20050114: 230103004Sphk Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 231103004Sphk now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 232112978Sphk correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 233112978Sphk be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 234112978Sphk considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 235112978Sphk this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 236112978Sphk 237112978Sphk20041221: 238114864Sphk By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 239114864Sphk to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 240114864Sphk spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 241114864Sphk warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 242114864Sphk the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 243114864Sphk 244114864Sphk20041219: 245114864Sphk Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 246114864Sphk been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 247114864Sphk the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 248114864Sphk prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 249114864Sphk with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 250114864Sphk use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 251114864Sphk and wlan_xauth as required. 25292108Sphk 25392479Sphk20041213: 25498066Sphk The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 25592108Sphk (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 25692108Sphk negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 25792108Sphk behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 258112978Sphk reflect the change. 259112978Sphk 260112978Sphk20041201: 261112978Sphk The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 262112978Sphk into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 263112978Sphk wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 26492108Sphk in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 26592108Sphk the module when a wep key is configured). 26692108Sphk 267115515Sphk20041201: 26892108Sphk The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 26995038Sphk algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 27092108Sphk ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 27195038Sphk 27292403Sphk20041116: 27392108Sphk Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 27492108Sphk use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 27592108Sphk 276104602Sphk20041110: 27792108Sphk We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 27892108Sphk R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 279112978Sphk work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 280112978Sphk building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 28192479Sphk may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 28292403Sphk their /etc/rc scripts. 283114511Sphk 28492698Sphk20041104: 28592698Sphk FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 28692698Sphk 287105551Sphk20041102: 288105551Sphk The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 289105180Snjl of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 29092698Sphk read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 29192698Sphk 292105551Sphk20041022: 293105551Sphk The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 294105180Snjl userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 29592698Sphk (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 29692698Sphk 29793250Sphk20041016: 298105180Snjl RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 299105180Snjl in the RELENG_5 branch. 30092698Sphk 30192698SphkCOMMON ITEMS: 30293250Sphk 303105180Snjl General Notes 304105180Snjl ------------- 30592698Sphk Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 30694287Sphk past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 30794287Sphk installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 30894287Sphk "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 30995038Sphk or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 31095038Sphk on the -current branch). 31195038Sphk 31295038Sphk Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 31395038Sphk poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 31495038Sphk environment when searching for values for global variables. 31595038Sphk To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 31695038Sphk prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 31795038Sphk page for more details. 31895038Sphk 31995038Sphk When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 32095038Sphk best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 32195038Sphk first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 32295038Sphk upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 323104602Sphk Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 32492698Sphk version upgrade. 325114511Sphk 32692698Sphk To build a kernel 32792698Sphk ----------------- 32892698Sphk If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 32992698Sphk a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 33092698Sphk failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 331109176Sphk 332109176Sphk make kernel-toolchain 333109176Sphk make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 334109176Sphk make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 335109176Sphk 336109176Sphk To test a kernel once 33792698Sphk --------------------- 33892698Sphk If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 33992403Sphk if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 34092479Sphk debugging information) run 341104602Sphk make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 342104602Sphk nextboot -k testkernel 343104602Sphk 344104602Sphk To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 345104602Sphk -------------------------------------------------------------- 34698066Sphk This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 347109253Sphk ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 348104357Sphk "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 349104357Sphk 350104357Sphk cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 351104357Sphk config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 352104357Sphk cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 353104357Sphk make depend 354104357Sphk make 355104357Sphk make install 356104357Sphk 357104357Sphk If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 358104357Sphk 359104357Sphk To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 360104357Sphk ----------------------------------------------------------- 361104357Sphk # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 36292403Sphk # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 36392108Sphk 364109253Sphk <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 365114511Sphk make buildworld 36692108Sphk make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 36792108Sphk [1] 36892108Sphk <reboot in single user> [3] 36992108Sphk mergemaster -p [5] 37092108Sphk make installworld 37192108Sphk make delete-old 37292108Sphk mergemaster [4] 37392108Sphk <reboot> 374110517Sphk 37592108Sphk 37692108Sphk To cross-install current onto a separate partition 37792108Sphk -------------------------------------------------- 37892108Sphk # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 37992108Sphk # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 38092108Sphk # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 381105540Sphk # size. 382105540Sphk 38392108Sphk <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 38492108Sphk <boot into -stable> 38592108Sphk make buildworld 38692108Sphk make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 38792108Sphk <maybe newfs current's root partition> 38892108Sphk <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 38992108Sphk make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 39092108Sphk cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 39192108Sphk make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 39292108Sphk cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 39392108Sphk <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 39492108Sphk <reboot into current> 39592108Sphk <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 39692108Sphk <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 39792108Sphk <reboot> 398106300Sphk 399106300Sphk 400106300Sphk To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 401106300Sphk ---------------------------------------------- 40292108Sphk <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 40392108Sphk make buildworld [9] 404112978Sphk make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 405112978Sphk [1] 406112978Sphk <reboot in single user> [3] 40792108Sphk mergemaster -p [5] 408107834Sphk make installworld 40992108Sphk make delete-old 410107834Sphk mergemaster -i [4] 411107834Sphk <reboot> 412107834Sphk 41392108Sphk Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 41492108Sphk tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 41592108Sphk cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 416105540Sphk to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 417105540Sphk the UPDATING entries. 418105540Sphk 41992108Sphk Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 420112978Sphk freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 421112978Sphk your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 422112978Sphk messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 42392108Sphk much fewer pitfalls. 42492108Sphk 42596987Sphk [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 42696987Sphk should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 42796987Sphk system on reboot. 428112024Sphk 429112024Sphk [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 430112024Sphk fsck -p 431112024Sphk mount -u / 432112024Sphk mount -a 433112024Sphk cd src 434112024Sphk adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 435112024Sphk Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 43696987Sphk you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 43792108Sphk 43892108Sphk [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 43993250Sphk can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 44092108Sphk system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 44192108Sphk that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 44292108Sphk as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 44392108Sphk for potential gotchas. 444112024Sphk 44592108Sphk [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 446112024Sphk you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 44792108Sphk step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 448112024Sphk install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 449112024Sphk install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 45095038Sphk from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 45195038Sphk 452112024Sphk [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 453112024Sphk needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 45492108Sphk option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 455112024Sphk that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 456112024Sphk is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 457112024Sphk 458112978Sphk Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 459112024Sphk last time you updated your kernel config file. 46092108Sphk 46192108Sphk [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 462112024Sphk cvs prune empty directories. 46398066Sphk 46492108Sphk If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 46592108Sphk "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 46692108Sphk override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 46792108Sphk 46896987Sphk MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 469 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 470 warn if it is improperly defined. 471FORMAT: 472 473This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 474breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 475and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 476previous releases if your system is older than this. 477 478Copyright information: 479 480Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 481 482Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 483modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 484document are permitted without further permission from the author. 485 486THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 487IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 488WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 489DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 490INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 491(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 492SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 493HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 494STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 495IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 496POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 497 498If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 499author a beer. 500 501Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 502this document. 503 504$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 155178 2006-02-01 13:04:52Z yar $ 505