UPDATING revision 151845
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420051029: 25 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 26 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 27 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 28 2920051001: 30 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 31 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 32 3320050927: 34 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 35 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 36 3720050722: 38 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 39 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 40 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 41 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 42 architecture. 43 4420050711: 45 RELENG_6 branched here. 46 4720050629: 48 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 49 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 50 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 51 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 52 removable_interfaces. 53 5420050616: 55 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 56 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 57 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 58 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 59 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 60 affect existing configurations. 61 6220050610: 63 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 64 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 65 updated to the new APIs. 66 6720050609: 68 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 69 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 70 will not behave correctly. 71 72 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 73 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 74 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 75 7620050606: 77 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 78 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 79 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 80 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 81 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 82 8320050605: 84 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 85 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 86 8720050603: 88 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 89 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 90 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 91 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 92 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 93 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 94 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 95 9620050528: 97 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 98 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 99 fail after this date. For full details, please see 100 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 101 10220050503: 103 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 104 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 105 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 106 10720050415: 108 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 109 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 110 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 111 should be updated. 112 11320050227: 114 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 115 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 116 when crossing this point. 117 11820050225: 119 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 120 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 121 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 122 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 123 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 124 none at this point.) 125 12620050224: 127 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 128 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 129 13020050223: 131 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 132 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 133 with the new kernel. 134 13520050223: 136 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 137 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 138 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 139 14020050220: 141 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 142 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 143 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 144 if you have updated the kernel. 145 146 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 147 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 148 mounting the new volume. 149 15020050206: 151 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 152 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 153 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 154 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 155 15620050206: 157 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 158 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 159 16020050114: 161 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 162 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 163 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 164 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 165 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 166 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 167 16820041221: 169 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 170 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 171 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 172 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 173 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 174 17520041219: 176 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 177 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 178 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 179 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 180 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 181 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 182 and wlan_xauth as required. 183 18420041213: 185 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 186 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 187 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 188 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 189 reflect the change. 190 19120041201: 192 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 193 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 194 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 195 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 196 the module when a wep key is configured). 197 19820041201: 199 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 200 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 201 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 202 20320041116: 204 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 205 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 206 20720041110: 208 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 209 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 210 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 211 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 212 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 213 their /etc/rc scripts. 214 21520041104: 216 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 217 21820041102: 219 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 220 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 221 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 222 22320041022: 224 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 225 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 226 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 227 22820041016: 229 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 230 in the RELENG_5 branch. 231 232COMMON ITEMS: 233 234 General Notes 235 ------------- 236 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 237 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 238 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 239 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 240 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 241 on the -current branch). 242 243 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 244 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 245 environment when searching for values for global variables. 246 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 247 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 248 page for more details. 249 250 To build a kernel 251 ----------------- 252 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 253 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 254 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 255 256 make kernel-toolchain 257 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 258 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 259 260 To test a kernel once 261 --------------------- 262 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 263 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 264 debugging information) run 265 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 266 nextboot -k testkernel 267 268 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 269 -------------------------------------------------------------- 270 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 271 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 272 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 273 274 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 275 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 276 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 277 make depend 278 make 279 make install 280 281 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 282 283 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 284 ----------------------------------------------------------- 285 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 286 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 287 288 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 289 make buildworld 290 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 291 [1] 292 <reboot in single user> [3] 293 mergemaster -p [5] 294 make installworld 295 make delete-old 296 mergemaster [4] 297 <reboot> 298 299 300 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 301 -------------------------------------------------- 302 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 303 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 304 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 305 # size. 306 307 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 308 <boot into -stable> 309 make buildworld 310 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 311 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 312 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 313 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 314 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 315 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 316 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 317 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 318 <reboot into current> 319 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 320 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 321 <reboot> 322 323 324 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 325 ---------------------------------------------- 326 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 327 make buildworld [9] 328 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 329 [1] 330 <reboot in single user> [3] 331 mergemaster -p [5] 332 make installworld 333 make delete-old 334 mergemaster -i [4] 335 <reboot> 336 337 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 338 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 339 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 340 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 341 the UPDATING entries. 342 343 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 344 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 345 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 346 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 347 much fewer pitfalls. 348 349 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 350 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 351 system on reboot. 352 353 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 354 fsck -p 355 mount -u / 356 mount -a 357 cd src 358 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 359 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 360 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 361 362 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 363 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 364 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 365 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 366 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 367 for potential gotchas. 368 369 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 370 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 371 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 372 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 373 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 374 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 375 376 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 377 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 378 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 379 that is hard to boot to recover. 380 381 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 382 last time you updated your kernel config file. 383 384 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 385 cvs prune empty directories. 386 387 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 388 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 389 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 390 391 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 392 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 393 warn if it is improperly defined. 394FORMAT: 395 396This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 397breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 398and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 399previous releases if your system is older than this. 400 401Copyright information: 402 403Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 404 405Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 406modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 407document are permitted without further permission from the author. 408 409THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 410IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 411WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 412DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 413INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 414(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 415SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 416HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 417STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 418IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 419POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 420 421If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 422author a beer. 423 424Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 425this document. 426 427$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 151845 2005-10-29 05:27:32Z yar $ 428