UPDATING revision 135782
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes). 10 11[[ The UPDATING file will be trimmed to 20040814 on or about Oct 1, 2004 ]] 12 13NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 14 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 15 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 16 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 17 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 18 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 19 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 20 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 21 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 22 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 23 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 24 to maximize performance. 25 2620040925: 27 BIND 9 has been imported into the base, and is now fully 28 functional. BIND 8 has now been removed. There are numerous 29 differences between BIND 8 and 9, and users with critical 30 named installations should read the migration documentation 31 in /usr/share/doc/bind9/misc/migration. There is also a 32 new instruction manual in /usr/share/doc/bind9/arm. 33 34 The key differences that most users will experience are in 35 how picky BIND 9 is about zone file format. If you are using 36 named as a resolving (caching) name server, you will likely 37 not have trouble. 38 3920040914: 40 The format of the pflogd(8) logfile "/var/log/pflog" has changed for 41 architectures that have a 64 bit long type to make it compatible to 42 the standard pcap format. In order to prevent corruption move away 43 any old logfile before using a new pflogd(8). 44 4520040906: 46 debug.witness_* has been renamed to debug.witness.*. There are 47 compatibility tunables left in for a few days. Update loader.conf 48 as necessary. 49 5020040902: 51 The ifi_epoch change has been reverted because the ABI breakage 52 was too extensive. If you are running with a kernel/userland 53 containing the initial change (20040830), you should heed the 54 warning about ifconfig incompatibility when upgrading again. 55 With this change, 5.3 and 6.0 ifconfigs and kernels are once 56 again interoperable. 57 5820040830: 59 A new variable, ifi_epoch, has been added to struct if_data 60 which is part if struct ifnet. This means all network drivers 61 and network monitoring applications need to be recompiled. 62 63 WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING 64 65 This also breaks ifconfig compatibility. An old ifconfig will 66 not work with the new kernel and a new ifconfig will not work 67 with the old. It is strongly recommended that you make a copy 68 of your old ifconfig before installworld. If you are installing 69 remotely, you must copy over a new ifconfig before rebooting in 70 to the new kernel. 71 7220040828: 73 The default configuration for the network stack has been changed 74 such that it now runs without the Giant lock unless configured 75 otherwise. If you experience network-related instability, you 76 may wish to try setting "debug.mpsafenet=0" or compiling the 77 kernel with "options NET_WITH_GIANT". Details on the netperf 78 project may be found at: 79 80 http://www.watson.org/~robert/freebsd/netperf/ 81 82 Including the 20040828 announcement of configuration change 83 details. 84 8520040827: 86 PFIL_HOOKS are a fixed part of the network stack now and do not 87 need to be specified in the kernel configuration file anymore. 88 8920040819: 90 Netgraph changed its message format slightly to align the data 91 portion well on 64 bit machines. 92 Netgraph using utilities (e.g. ngctl, nghook, ppp, mpd, 93 pppoed, bluetooth, ATM) should be recompiled when a new kernel 94 is installed. 95 9620040817: 97 IPFW has been converted to use PFIL_HOOKS. This change is 98 transparent to userland and preserves the ipfw ABI. The ipfw 99 core packet inspection and filtering functions have not been 100 changed, only how ipfw is invoked is different. Note that 101 "option PFIL_HOOKS" is required to use IPFIREWALL compiled 102 into the kernel or as KLD. 103 10420040814: 105 The RANDOM_IP_ID option has been replaced by the sysctl 106 net.inet.ip.random_id. If you had RANDOM_IP_ID in your kernel then 107 you may want to add "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" to /etc/sysctl.conf. 108 10920040807: 110 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the 111 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network 112 interfaces must be recompiled as a result. 113 11420040806: 115 Module loading has been fixed. Some older installations will 116 drop proper module_path initialization and modules will fail to 117 load properly. If you have a line in /boot/loader.rc that says: 118 "initialize drop", do (i386 only): 119 cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/loader/loader.rc /boot/loader.rc 120 chown root:wheel /boot/loader.rc 121 chmod 444 /boot/loader.rc 122 12320040802: 124 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular, 125 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry. 126 12720040801: 128 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules, 129 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See 130 GENERIC for examples. 131 13220040728: 133 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major 134 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x 135 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again 136 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new 137 compiler. If you are getting run-time error such as 138 /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Undefined symbol "_ZNSs20_S_empty_rep_storageE" 139 This entry does apply to you. 140 141 A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default in this 142 compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused static 143 symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld' breakages 144 with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set to -O2 145 or higher. 146 147 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded 148 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build 149 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via 150 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem. 151 15220040727: 153 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of 154 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel 155 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as 156 a result. 157 15820040716: 159 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required, 160 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware. 161 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers. 162 16320040710: 164 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122. 165 16620040710: 167 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now 168 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of 169 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such, 170 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console 171 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because 172 of this. 173 17420040710: 175 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible 176 changes beyond just the debugging experience: 177 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend 178 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation 179 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB 180 option for this. 181 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have 182 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED 183 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet. 184 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs 185 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this. 186 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this 187 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol 188 supports console output and it makes sense to use that. 189 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger 190 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD 191 symbol lookups through the linker. 192 19320040708: 194 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific. 195 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change. 196 19720040702: 198 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler. 199 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some 200 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either 201 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD 202 scheduler as a workaround. 203 20420040630: 205 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate 206 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse 207 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move 208 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility. 209 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which 210 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an 211 example of such changes. 212 213 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered 214 over. 215 21620040630: 217 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message 218 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled 219 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible. 220 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override 221 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the 222 loader prompt. 223 22420040623: 225 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege 226 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group 227 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run 228 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually. 229 23020040622: 231 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will 232 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of 233 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 234 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating 235 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their 236 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of 237 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout. 238 23920040621: 240 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to 241 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did 242 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page 243 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect 244 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both 245 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated 246 during the next reboot. 247 24820040614: 249 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to 250 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile 251 the ips module and any third-party modules which call 252 sema_timedwait. 253 25420040613: 255 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet. 256 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of 257 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place 258 please recompile and reinstall world. 259 26020040607: 261 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c) 262 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree. 263 26420040601: 265 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly 266 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your 267 kernel configuration. 268 26920040423: 270 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command 271 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without 272 options are not affected but those with options may break until 273 ipfw(8) is recompiled. 274 27520040420: 276 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this 277 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to 278 20040406. 279 28020040414: 281 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes 282 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable 283 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0. 284 28520040412: 286 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy 287 drive is still broken. 288 28920040410: 290 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management 291 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until 292 the unanticipated problems have been resolved. 293 29420040409: 295 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process, 296 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring 297 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes 298 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running 299 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running 300 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom". 301 30220040322: 303 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant 304 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and 305 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322, 306 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this 307 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack. 308 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should 309 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over. 310 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient 311 locking is merged to permit this to take place. 312 31320040310: 314 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to 315 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people 316 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for 317 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People 318 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event. 319 32020040308: 321 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make 322 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required 323 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your 324 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf. 325 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The 326 pf system consists of the following three devices: 327 device pf # required 328 device pflog # optional 329 device pfsync # optional 330 33120040303: 332 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition 333 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of 334 /etc/libmap.conf: 335 336 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1 337 libc_r.so libpthread.so 338 339 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r 340 to use libpthread instead. 341 34220040226: 343 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1 344 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is 345 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default). 346 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may 347 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced. 348 34920040225: 350 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated 351 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that 352 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some 353 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs 354 should remain unaffected. 355 35620040225: 357 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor 358 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that 359 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD 360 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions 361 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations 362 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors. 363 36420040224: 365 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm 366 and related userland network utilities necessary. 367 36820040222: 369 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways. 370 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT. 371 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION. 372 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated. 373 37420040207: 375 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer 376 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time. 377 37820040130: 379 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the 380 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also 381 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For 382 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links 383 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until 384 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is 385 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that 386 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or 387 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended 388 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using 389 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf 390 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries 391 do not work with libpthread. 392 39320040125: 394 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler 395 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be 396 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more 397 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not 398 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option 399 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE. 400 40120040125: 402 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly 403 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory, 404 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option. 405 40620031213: 407 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail 408 if the login process is unable to successfully set the 409 process credentials to include all groups defined for the 410 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators 411 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups 412 defined, or they will be unable to log in. 413 41420031203: 415 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required 416 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically. 417 41820031112: 419 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to 420 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem 421 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel 422 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about 423 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will 424 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs 425 structure. 426 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the 427 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since 428 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option 429 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you 430 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4! 431 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs 432 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad 433 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports 434 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after 435 these changes are installed. 436 437 ****************************DANGER******************************* 438 439 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and 440 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a 441 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old 442 kernel. 443 44420031112: 445 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This 446 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph 447 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require 448 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in 449 sync before rebooting. 450 45120031111: 452 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default 453 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical 454 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS. 455 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the 456 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel 457 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled. 458 45920031103: 460 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by 461 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily 462 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your 463 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver. 464 46520031031: 466 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing 467 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with 468 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most 469 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated 470 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to 471 reflect this change. 472 47320030928: 474 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove 475 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly. 476 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110. 477 47820030926: 479 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and 480 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel. 481 48220030925: 483 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS 484 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was 485 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has 486 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS 487 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c. 488 48920030923: 490 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally 491 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system 492 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See 493 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp. 494 49520030915: 496 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started 497 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This 498 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address 499 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute. 500 50120030829: 502 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be 503 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb 504 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when 505 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or 506 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest 507 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'. 508 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time 509 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts 510 may or may not exist on your system. 511 51220030824: 513 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h 514 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it. 515 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your 516 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically. 517 51820030819: 519 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel. 520 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be 521 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine 522 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted. 523 52420030728: 525 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated 526 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your 527 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel 528 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org 529 so the quirk can be re-enabled. 530 53120030724: 532 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues 533 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time. 534 53520030722: 536 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't 537 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but 538 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real 539 FPU hardware. 540 54120030714: 542 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue. 543 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others 544 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment. 545 People should report those issues to current@. 546 54720030711: 548 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN 549 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove 550 /usr/obj. 551 55220030610: 553 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code 554 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your 555 LANG environment variable. 556 55720030609: 558 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel 559 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly 560 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on 561 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig 562 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup 563 kernel. 564 56520030605: 566 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you 567 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is 568 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure 569 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1) 570 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one- 571 time snafu. Typical failure mode: 572 573 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092: 574 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored 575 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored 576 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored 577 : 578 579 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC 580 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of 581 usr.bin/sed/process.c). 582 58320030505: 584 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting 585 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT 586 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS. 587 58820030502: 589 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and 590 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you 591 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE 592 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld. 593 59420030501: 595 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems 596 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org. 597 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can 598 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating, 599 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that 600 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed. 601 60220030423: 603 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd 604 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The 605 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You 606 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating 607 userland. In general, you should have a userland and 608 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the 609 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some 610 allowances are made. 611 61220030329: 613 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit 614 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1) 615 while upgrading the system through a buildworld. 616 617 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 618 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update 619 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee 620 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc: 621 622 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \ 623 make cleandir && make obj && \ 624 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \ 625 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install 626 62720030208: 628 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important 629 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses 630 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is 631 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines 632 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately. 633 63420030128: 635 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard. 636 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should 637 be removed when convenient. 638 63920030126: 640 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users 641 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys. 642 64320030125: 644 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently 645 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config. 646 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler 647 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like 648 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try 649 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion. 650 65120030115: 652 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree. 653 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate 654 properly. 655 656 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are 657 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line 658 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility 659 with NetBSD. 660 66120021222: 662 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 663 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 664 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 665 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 666 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 667 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 668 rebuilt. 669 67020021216: 671 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 672 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 673 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 674 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 675 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 676 67720021202: 678 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 679 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 680 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 681 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 682 68320021029: 684 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 685 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 686 consumers in sync. 687 68820021024: 689 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. 690 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to 691 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you 692 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD 693 partition really is on. The old device names have gone 694 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust 695 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in 696 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.) 697 69820021023: 699 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 700 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 701 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 702 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 703 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 704 705 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 706 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 707 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 708 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 709 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 710 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 711 71220020831: 713 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 714 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 715 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 716 717 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 718 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 719 72020020827: 721 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 722 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 723 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 724 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 725 72620020815: 727 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 728 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 729 again. 730 73120020729: 732 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 733 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 734 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 735 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 736 73720020702: 738 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 739 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 740 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 741 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 742 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 743 74420020701: 745 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 746 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 747 GNOME. 748 74920020511: 750 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 751 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 752 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 753 with the set-user-ID bit set. 754 75520020510: 756 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 757 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 758 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 759 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 760 76120020510: 762 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 763 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 764 and then do a cvs update. 765 76620020421: 767 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 768 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 769 77020020404: 771 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 772 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 773 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 774 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 775 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 776 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 777 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 778 77920020403: 780 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 781 78220020315: 783 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 784 78520020225: 786 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 787 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 788 78920020217: 790 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 791 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 792 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 793 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 794 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 795 796 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 797 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 798 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 799 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 800 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 801 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 802 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 803 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 804 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 805 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 806 as of this date. 807 80820020112: 809 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 810 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 811 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 812 you have local modifications, you can use 813 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 814 /etc/pam.d. 815 816 Please see the following url for more details: 817http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 81820011229: 819 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 820 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 821http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 822 82320011220: 824 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 825 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 826 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 827 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b 828 version have now been merged back into the base system's 829 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 830 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 831 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 832 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 833 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 834 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 835 83620011215: 837 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 838 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 839 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 840 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 841 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 842 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 843 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 844 fdcontrol(8). 845 84620011209: 847 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 848 and truss(1) now works again. 849 85020011207: 851 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 852 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 853 see 854http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 855 for details. 856 85720011204: 858 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 859 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 860 86120011203: 862 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 863 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 864 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 865 not there already. 866 867 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 868 until the issue has been resolved. 869 87020011202: 871 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 872 patched. 873 87420011126: 875 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 876 after this date. You need to do this only once. 877 87820011103: 879 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 880 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 881 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 882 88320011030: 884 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 885 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 886 88720011030: 888 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 889 89020011027: 891 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 892 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 893 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 894 try to use from this date forward. 895 89620011025: 897 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 898 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 899 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 900 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 901 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 902 90320011001: 904 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 905 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 906 at the same time. 907 90820010929: 909 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 910 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 911 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 912 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 913 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 914 91520010927: 916 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 917 To disable ACPI you can add 918 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" 919 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 920 loader "ok" prompt). 921 922 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 923 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 924 file and not list acpi in that list. 925 92620010924: 927 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 928 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 929 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 930 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 931 following to get them installed only once: 932 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 933 make all install 934 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 935 93620010919: 937 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 938 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 939 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 940 workaround is to add 941 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 942 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 943 can be removed afterwards. 944 945 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 946 94720010918: 948 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 949 NFS may be unstable after this date. 950 95120010912: 952 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 953 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 954 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 955 corrected. 956 95720010901: 958 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 959 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 960 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 961 have been rectified around this date. 962 96320010823: 964 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 965 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 966 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 967 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 968 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 969 permission for your name server configuration and that it 970 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 971 directory. 972 973 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 974 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 975 976 named_flags= 977 97820010709: 979 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 980 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 981 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 982 solution is to rebuild those ports. 983 98420010628: 985 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 986 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 987 98820010625: 989 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 990 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 991 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 992 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 993 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 994 99520010617: 996 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 997 99820010614: 999 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 1000 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 1001 kernel building methods. 1002 100320010613: 1004 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 1005 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 1006 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 1007 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 1008 100920010613: 1010 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 1011 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 1012 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 1013 101420010612: 1015 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 1016 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 1017 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 1018 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 1019 until this bug is fixed. 1020 1021 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 1022 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 1023 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not. 1024 102520010610: 1026 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 1027 102820010604: 1029 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 1030 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 1031 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 1032 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 1033 1034 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 1035 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 1036 it is). 1037 1038 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 1039 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 1040 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 1041 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 1042 104320010530: 1044 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 1045 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 1046 a limited time. If you see 1047 1048install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 1049 1050 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 1051 COPY=-C. 1052 105320010525: 1054 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 1055 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 1056 definitely is in bad shape. 1057 105820010521: 1059 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems 1060 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 1061 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 1062 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 1063 is 1064Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 1065 106620010520: 1067 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 1068 106920010519: 1070 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 1071 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 1072 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 1073 107420010517: 1075 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 1076 userland at the same time. 1077 107820010517: 1079 New ncurses imported. 1080 108120010512: 1082 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 1083 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 1084 108520010504: 1086 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 1087 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 1088 108920010502: 1090 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 1091 109220010501: 1093 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 1094 109520010430: 1096 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 1097 go back in the water. 1098 109920010429: 1100 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 1101 this date, but before the correction date. 1102 110320010423: 1104 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 1105 110620010411: 1107 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 1108 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 1109 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 1110 fsck with the new kernel ever. 1111 111220010330: 1113 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 1114 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 1115 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 1116 111720010319: 1118 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 1119 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 1120 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 1121 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 1122 112320010315: 1124 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 1125 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 1126 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 1127 112820010312: 1129 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 1130 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 1131 113220010312: 1133 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 1134 instead of ad-hoc. 1135 113620010310: 1137 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 1138 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 1139 ssh might not work if you don't. 1140 114120010303: 1142 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 1143 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 1144 you use the ed driver. 1145 114620010220: 1147 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 1148 safe to go back into the water. 1149 115020010211: 1151 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 1152 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 1153 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 1154 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 1155 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 1156 1157 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 1158 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 1159 don't have to move this to the updating section. 1160 1161 To get around the installworld problem, do: 1162 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 1163 # make install 1164 # cd /usr/src 1165 # make installworld 1166 If that doesn't work, then try: 1167 # make -k installworld 1168 # make installworld 1169 117020010207: 1171 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 1172 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 1173 117420010205: 1175 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 1176 Remove them from your config. 1177 117820010122: 1179 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1180 buildkernel has been changed slightly 1181 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1182 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 1183 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 1184 118520010119: 1186 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 1187 This requires a new config to build correctly. 1188 118920010116: 1190 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 1191 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 1192 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 1193 119420010110: 1195 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 1196 119720010102: 1198 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 1199 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 1200 120120010101: 1202 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 1203 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 1204 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 1205 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 1206 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 1207 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 1208 might have been ignored by the -k option. 1209 1210 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 1211 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 1212 of this working. 1213 121420001228: 1215 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 1216 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed 1217 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 1218 121920001218: 1220 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 1221 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 1222 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 1223 cards will not be recognized without it. 1224 122520001205: 1226 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 1227 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 1228 adding the following in pam.conf: 1229 1230 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 1231 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 1232 sshd session required pam_permit.so 1233 123420001031: 1235 cvs updated to 1.11. 1236 123720001020: 1238 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 1239 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 1240 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 1241 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 1242 workaround. 1243 124420001010: 1245 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1246 Sendmail has been updated. 1247 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1248 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 1249 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 1250 is set. 1251 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 1252 commands. 1253 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 1254 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 1255 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 1256 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 1257 1258 More details can be found at 1259 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 1260 126120001009: 1262 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 1263 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 1264 126520001006: 1266 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 1267 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 1268 /usr/bin/miniperl. 1269 127020001005: 1271 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 1272 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 1273 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 1274 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 1275 tree for anything to work. 1276 127720000928: 1278 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 1279 128020000916: 1281 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 1282 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 1283 same time as your kernel. 1284 128520000914: 1286 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 1287 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 1288 when they resume. Include 1289 device pmtimer 1290 in your config file and 1291 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 1292 to your /boot/device.hints file. 1293 129420000911: 1295 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 1296 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 1297 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 1298 own kernel config file. 1299 Remove: 1300 options RANDOMDEV 1301 Add: 1302 device random 1303 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 1304 nothing. 1305 130620000909: 1307 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 1308 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 1309 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 1310 The line should read: 1311 random_load="YES" 1312 131320000907: 1314 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 1315 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 1316 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 1317 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 1318 first blush appear related to SMP. 1319 132020000906: 1321 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 1322 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 1323 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 1324 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 1325 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 1326 132720000905: 1328 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 1329 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 1330 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 1331 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 1332 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 1333 133420000905: 1335 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 1336 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 1337 is /boot/kernel. 1338 1339 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 1340 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 1341 installkernel/installworld dance. 1342 1343 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 1344 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 1345 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 1346 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 1347 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 1348 1349 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 1350 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 1351 chflags noschg /kernel.old 1352 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1353 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1354 fi 1355 135620000904: 1357 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 1358 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 1359 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 1360 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 1361 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 1362 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 1363 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 1364 is not likely to be generated. 1365 136620000825: 1367 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 1368 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 1369 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 1370 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 1371 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 1372 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 1373 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 1374 kernel. 1375 137620000821: 1377 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 1378 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 1379 /boot/loader.conf. 1380 138120000812: 1382 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 1383 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 1384 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 1385 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 1386 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 1387 will fix this until the next build. 1388 138920000812: 1390 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 1391 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 1392 include: 1393 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 1394 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 1395 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 1396 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 1397 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 1398 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 1399 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 1400 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 1401 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 1402 140320000810: 1404 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 1405 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 1406 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 1407 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 1408 specific use for it. 1409 141020000729: 1411 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 1412 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 1413 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 1414 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 1415 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 1416 inetd_enable="YES" 1417 portmap_enable="YES" 1418 sendmail_enable="YES" 1419 142020000728: 1421 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 1422 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 1423 142420000728: 1425 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 1426 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 1427 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 1428 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 1429 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 1430 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 1431 to /MYKERNEL. 1432 143320000711: 1434 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 1435 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 1436 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 1437 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 1438 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 1439 to get around them. 1440 1441 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 1442 clauses above, you needn't worry. 1443 144420000711: 1445 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 1446 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 1447 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 1448 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 1449 145020000710: 1451 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 1452 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 1453 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 1454 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 1455 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 1456 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 1457 errors. (see below, 20000624). 1458 1459 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 1460 146120000709: 1462 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 1463 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 1464 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 1465 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 1466 146720000706: 1468 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 1469 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 1470 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 1471 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 1472 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 1473 interim if needed. 1474 147520000705: 1476 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 1477 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 1478 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 1479 details. 1480 148120000704: 1482 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 1483 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 1484 148520000704: 1486 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 1487 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 1488 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 1489 149020000630: 1491 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 1492 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 1493 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 1494 149520000625: 1496 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 1497 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 1498 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 1499 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 1500 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 1501 were required. You should check with the latest collections 1502 to make sure that these haven't changed. 1503 150420000624: 1505 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 1506 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 1507 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 1508 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 1509 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 1510 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 1511 date to the completion of the work. 1512 1513 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 1514 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 1515 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 1516 recreate the random and urandom devices. 1517 151820000622: 1519 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 1520 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 1521 that used to be required when updating. 1522 152320000621: 1524 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 1525 the config file update procedure. 1526 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 1527 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 1528 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file: 1529 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT 1530 153120000620: 1532 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 1533 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 1534 that workaround will no longer be required. 1535 153620000615: 1537 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 1538 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 1539 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 1540 devices. 1541 1542 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 1543 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 1544 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 1545 may work). 1546 154720000612: 1548 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 1549 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 1550 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 1551 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 1552 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 1553 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 1554 1555 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 1556 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 1557 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 1558 in it. 1559 156020000522: 1561 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 1562 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 1563 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 1564 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 1565 1566 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 1567 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 1568 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 1569 is resolved. 1570 157120000513: 1572 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 1573 157420000510: 1575 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 1576 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 1577 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 1578 157920000503: 1580 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 1581 is now available. 1582 158320000502: 1584 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 1585 connected to the kernel building instead. 1586 158720000427: 1588 You may need to build gperf 1589 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 1590 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 1591 an option only in -current. 1592 159320000417: 1594 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 1595 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 1596 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 1597 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 1598 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 1599 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 1600 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 1601 160220000320: 1603 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 1604 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 1605 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 1606 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 1607 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 1608 160920000319: 1610 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 1611 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 1612 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 1613 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 1614 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 1615 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 1616 161720000318: 1618 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 1619 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 1620 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 1621 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 1622 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 1623 that you are loading are up to date. 1624 162520000315: 1626 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 1627 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 1628 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 1629 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 1630 boot. 1631 163220000315: 1633 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 1634 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 1635 1636COMMON ITEMS: 1637 1638 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-currrent as well, for the 1639 # momemnt. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in 1640 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any -> 1641 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3 1642 # RELEASE or newer. 1643 1644 General Notes 1645 ------------- 1646 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1647 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1648 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1649 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1650 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1651 on the -current branch). 1652 1653 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1654 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1655 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1656 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1657 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1658 page for more details. 1659 1660 To build a kernel 1661 ----------------- 1662 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1663 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1664 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1665 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1666 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1667 1668 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1669 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1670 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1671 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1672 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1673 1674 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1675 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1676 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1677 make depend 1678 make 1679 make install 1680 1681 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1682 1683 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1684 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1685 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1686 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1687 1688 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1689 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1690 make buildworld 1691 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1692 [1] 1693 <reboot in single user> [3] 1694 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1695 mergemaster -p [5] 1696 make installworld 1697 mergemaster [4] 1698 <reboot> 1699 1700 1701 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1702 -------------------------------------------------- 1703 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1704 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1705 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1706 # size. 1707 1708 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1709 <boot into -stable> 1710 make buildworld 1711 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1712 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1713 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1714 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1715 cp src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \ 1716 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed 1717 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1718 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1719 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1720 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1721 <reboot into current> 1722 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1723 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 1724 <reboot> 1725 1726 1727 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 1728 ---------------------------------------------- 1729 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1730 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x 1731 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1732 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1733 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 1734 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1735 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1736 # space on /. 1737 1738 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1739 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1740 make buildworld [9] 1741 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1742 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1743 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6] 1744 [1] 1745 <reboot in single user> [3] 1746 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1747 mergemaster -p [5] 1748 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1749 make installworld 1750 mergemaster -i [4] 1751 <reboot> 1752 1753 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1754 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1755 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1756 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1757 the UPDATING entries. 1758 1759 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1760 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1761 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1762 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1763 much fewer pitfalls. 1764 1765 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1766 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1767 system on reboot. 1768 1769 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1770 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1771 configuration. 1772 1773 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1774 fsck -p 1775 mount -u / 1776 mount -a 1777 cd src 1778 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1779 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1780 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1781 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1782 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1783 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1784 1785 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1786 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1787 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1788 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1789 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1790 for potential gotchas. 1791 1792 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1793 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1794 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1795 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1796 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1797 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1798 1799 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1800 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1801 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1802 ok unload 1803 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1804 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1805 described here. 1806 1807 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1808 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a 1809 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer. 1810 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1811 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha 1812 is not. 1813 1814 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1815 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1816 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1817 that is hard to boot to recover. 1818 1819 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1820 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1821 1822 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1823 cvs prune empty directories. 1824 1825 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1826 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1827 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1828 1829 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1830 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1831 warn if it is improperly defined. 1832 1833 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything, 1834 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x 1835 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue 1836 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can 1837 install the misc/compat4x port. 1838 1839 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be 1840 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom 1841 takes care of this. 1842FORMAT: 1843 1844This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1845breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1846and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1847previous releases if your system is older than this. 1848 1849Copyright information: 1850 1851Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1852 1853Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1854modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1855document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1856 1857THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1858IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1859WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1860DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1861INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1862(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1863SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1864HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1865STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1866IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1867POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1868 1869If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1870author a beer. 1871 1872Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1873this document. 1874 1875$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 135782 2004-09-25 03:41:38Z dougb $ 1876