UPDATING revision 135194
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes). 10 11[[ The UPDATING file will be trimmed to 20040814 on or about Oct 1, 2004 ]] 12 13NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 14 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 15 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 16 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 17 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 18 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 19 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 20 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 21 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 22 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 23 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 24 to maximize performance. 25 2620040914: 27 /etc/rc.d/ntpdate has been removed in favor of using the -g 28 flag to ntpd(1). By default, if ntpd is enabled, it will sync 29 with the time servers listed in /etc/ntp.conf regardless of the 30 time difference (slew). To prevent this, add 31 ntpd_sync_on_start="NO" to /etc/rc.conf. 32 33 NOTE: Doing a sync (ntpd -g) is noticably slower than ntpdate(1), 34 but is also more accurate (hence ntpdate(1) being depreciated). 35 3620040914: 37 The format of the pflogd(8) logfile "/var/log/pflog" has changed for 38 architectures that have a 64 bit long type to make it compatible to 39 the standard pcap format. In order to prevent corruption move away 40 any old logfile before using a new pflogd(8). 41 4220040906: 43 debug.witness_* has been renamed to debug.witness.*. There are 44 compatibility tunables left in for a few days. Update loader.conf 45 as necessary. 46 4720040902: 48 The ifi_epoch change has been reverted because the ABI breakage 49 was too extensive. If you are running with a kernel/userland 50 containing the initial change (20040830), you should heed the 51 warning about ifconfig incompatibility when upgrading again. 52 With this change, 5.3 and 6.0 ifconfigs and kernels are once 53 again interoperable. 54 5520040830: 56 A new variable, ifi_epoch, has been added to struct if_data 57 which is part if struct ifnet. This means all network drivers 58 and network monitoring applications need to be recompiled. 59 60 WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING 61 62 This also breaks ifconfig compatibility. An old ifconfig will 63 not work with the new kernel and a new ifconfig will not work 64 with the old. It is strongly recommended that you make a copy 65 of your old ifconfig before installworld. If you are installing 66 remotely, you must copy over a new ifconfig before rebooting in 67 to the new kernel. 68 6920040828: 70 The default configuration for the network stack has been changed 71 such that it now runs without the Giant lock unless configured 72 otherwise. If you experience network-related instability, you 73 may wish to try setting "debug.mpsafenet=0" or compiling the 74 kernel with "options NET_WITH_GIANT". Details on the netperf 75 project may be found at: 76 77 http://www.watson.org/~robert/freebsd/netperf/ 78 79 Including the 20040828 announcement of configuration change 80 details. 81 8220040827: 83 PFIL_HOOKS are a fixed part of the network stack now and do not 84 need to be specified in the kernel configuration file anymore. 85 8620040819: 87 Netgraph changed its message format slightly to align the data 88 portion well on 64 bit machines. 89 Netgraph using utilities (e.g. ngctl, nghook, ppp, mpd, 90 pppoed, bluetooth, ATM) should be recompiled when a new kernel 91 is installed. 92 9320040817: 94 IPFW has been converted to use PFIL_HOOKS. This change is 95 transparent to userland and preserves the ipfw ABI. The ipfw 96 core packet inspection and filtering functions have not been 97 changed, only how ipfw is invoked is different. Note that 98 "option PFIL_HOOKS" is required to use IPFIREWALL compiled 99 into the kernel or as KLD. 100 10120040814: 102 The RANDOM_IP_ID option has been replaced by the sysctl 103 net.inet.ip.random_id. If you had RANDOM_IP_ID in your kernel then 104 you may want to add "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" to /etc/sysctl.conf. 105 10620040807: 107 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the 108 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network 109 interfaces must be recompiled as a result. 110 11120040806: 112 Module loading has been fixed. Some older installations will 113 drop proper module_path initialization and modules will fail to 114 load properly. If you have a line in /boot/loader.rc that says: 115 "initialize drop", do (i386 only): 116 cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/loader/loader.rc /boot/loader.rc 117 chown root:wheel /boot/loader.rc 118 chmod 444 /boot/loader.rc 119 12020040802: 121 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular, 122 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry. 123 12420040801: 125 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules, 126 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See 127 GENERIC for examples. 128 12920040728: 130 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major 131 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x 132 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again 133 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new 134 compiler. If you are getting run-time error such as 135 /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Undefined symbol "_ZNSs20_S_empty_rep_storageE" 136 This entry does apply to you. 137 138 A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default in this 139 compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused static 140 symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld' breakages 141 with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set to -O2 142 or higher. 143 144 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded 145 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build 146 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via 147 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem. 148 14920040727: 150 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of 151 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel 152 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as 153 a result. 154 15520040716: 156 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required, 157 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware. 158 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers. 159 16020040710: 161 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122. 162 16320040710: 164 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now 165 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of 166 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such, 167 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console 168 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because 169 of this. 170 17120040710: 172 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible 173 changes beyond just the debugging experience: 174 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend 175 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation 176 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB 177 option for this. 178 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have 179 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED 180 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet. 181 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs 182 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this. 183 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this 184 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol 185 supports console output and it makes sense to use that. 186 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger 187 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD 188 symbol lookups through the linker. 189 19020040708: 191 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific. 192 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change. 193 19420040702: 195 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler. 196 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some 197 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either 198 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD 199 scheduler as a workaround. 200 20120040630: 202 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate 203 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse 204 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move 205 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility. 206 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which 207 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an 208 example of such changes. 209 210 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered 211 over. 212 21320040630: 214 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message 215 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled 216 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible. 217 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override 218 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the 219 loader prompt. 220 22120040623: 222 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege 223 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group 224 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run 225 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually. 226 22720040622: 228 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will 229 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of 230 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 231 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating 232 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their 233 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of 234 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout. 235 23620040621: 237 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to 238 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did 239 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page 240 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect 241 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both 242 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated 243 during the next reboot. 244 24520040614: 246 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to 247 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile 248 the ips module and any third-party modules which call 249 sema_timedwait. 250 25120040613: 252 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet. 253 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of 254 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place 255 please recompile and reinstall world. 256 25720040607: 258 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c) 259 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree. 260 26120040601: 262 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly 263 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your 264 kernel configuration. 265 26620040423: 267 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command 268 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without 269 options are not affected but those with options may break until 270 ipfw(8) is recompiled. 271 27220040420: 273 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this 274 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to 275 20040406. 276 27720040414: 278 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes 279 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable 280 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0. 281 28220040412: 283 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy 284 drive is still broken. 285 28620040410: 287 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management 288 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until 289 the unanticipated problems have been resolved. 290 29120040409: 292 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process, 293 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring 294 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes 295 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running 296 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running 297 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom". 298 29920040322: 300 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant 301 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and 302 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322, 303 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this 304 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack. 305 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should 306 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over. 307 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient 308 locking is merged to permit this to take place. 309 31020040310: 311 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to 312 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people 313 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for 314 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People 315 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event. 316 31720040308: 318 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make 319 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required 320 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your 321 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf. 322 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The 323 pf system consists of the following three devices: 324 device pf # required 325 device pflog # optional 326 device pfsync # optional 327 32820040303: 329 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition 330 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of 331 /etc/libmap.conf: 332 333 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1 334 libc_r.so libpthread.so 335 336 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r 337 to use libpthread instead. 338 33920040226: 340 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1 341 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is 342 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default). 343 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may 344 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced. 345 34620040225: 347 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated 348 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that 349 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some 350 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs 351 should remain unaffected. 352 35320040225: 354 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor 355 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that 356 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD 357 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions 358 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations 359 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors. 360 36120040224: 362 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm 363 and related userland network utilities necessary. 364 36520040222: 366 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways. 367 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT. 368 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION. 369 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated. 370 37120040207: 372 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer 373 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time. 374 37520040130: 376 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the 377 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also 378 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For 379 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links 380 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until 381 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is 382 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that 383 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or 384 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended 385 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using 386 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf 387 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries 388 do not work with libpthread. 389 39020040125: 391 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler 392 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be 393 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more 394 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not 395 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option 396 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE. 397 39820040125: 399 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly 400 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory, 401 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option. 402 40320031213: 404 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail 405 if the login process is unable to successfully set the 406 process credentials to include all groups defined for the 407 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators 408 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups 409 defined, or they will be unable to log in. 410 41120031203: 412 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required 413 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically. 414 41520031112: 416 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to 417 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem 418 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel 419 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about 420 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will 421 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs 422 structure. 423 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the 424 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since 425 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option 426 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you 427 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4! 428 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs 429 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad 430 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports 431 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after 432 these changes are installed. 433 434 ****************************DANGER******************************* 435 436 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and 437 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a 438 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old 439 kernel. 440 44120031112: 442 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This 443 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph 444 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require 445 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in 446 sync before rebooting. 447 44820031111: 449 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default 450 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical 451 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS. 452 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the 453 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel 454 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled. 455 45620031103: 457 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by 458 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily 459 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your 460 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver. 461 46220031031: 463 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing 464 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with 465 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most 466 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated 467 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to 468 reflect this change. 469 47020030928: 471 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove 472 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly. 473 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110. 474 47520030926: 476 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and 477 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel. 478 47920030925: 480 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS 481 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was 482 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has 483 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS 484 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c. 485 48620030923: 487 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally 488 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system 489 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See 490 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp. 491 49220030915: 493 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started 494 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This 495 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address 496 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute. 497 49820030829: 499 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be 500 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb 501 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when 502 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or 503 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest 504 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'. 505 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time 506 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts 507 may or may not exist on your system. 508 50920030824: 510 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h 511 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it. 512 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your 513 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically. 514 51520030819: 516 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel. 517 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be 518 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine 519 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted. 520 52120030728: 522 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated 523 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your 524 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel 525 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org 526 so the quirk can be re-enabled. 527 52820030724: 529 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues 530 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time. 531 53220030722: 533 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't 534 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but 535 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real 536 FPU hardware. 537 53820030714: 539 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue. 540 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others 541 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment. 542 People should report those issues to current@. 543 54420030711: 545 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN 546 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove 547 /usr/obj. 548 54920030610: 550 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code 551 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your 552 LANG environment variable. 553 55420030609: 555 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel 556 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly 557 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on 558 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig 559 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup 560 kernel. 561 56220030605: 563 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you 564 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is 565 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure 566 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1) 567 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one- 568 time snafu. Typical failure mode: 569 570 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092: 571 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored 572 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored 573 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored 574 : 575 576 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC 577 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of 578 usr.bin/sed/process.c). 579 58020030505: 581 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting 582 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT 583 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS. 584 58520030502: 586 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and 587 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you 588 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE 589 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld. 590 59120030501: 592 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems 593 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org. 594 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can 595 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating, 596 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that 597 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed. 598 59920030423: 600 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd 601 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The 602 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You 603 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating 604 userland. In general, you should have a userland and 605 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the 606 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some 607 allowances are made. 608 60920030329: 610 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit 611 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1) 612 while upgrading the system through a buildworld. 613 614 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 615 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update 616 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee 617 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc: 618 619 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \ 620 make cleandir && make obj && \ 621 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \ 622 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install 623 62420030208: 625 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important 626 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses 627 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is 628 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines 629 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately. 630 63120030128: 632 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard. 633 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should 634 be removed when convenient. 635 63620030126: 637 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users 638 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys. 639 64020030125: 641 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently 642 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config. 643 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler 644 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like 645 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try 646 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion. 647 64820030115: 649 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree. 650 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate 651 properly. 652 653 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are 654 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line 655 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility 656 with NetBSD. 657 65820021222: 659 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 660 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 661 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 662 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 663 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 664 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 665 rebuilt. 666 66720021216: 668 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 669 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 670 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 671 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 672 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 673 67420021202: 675 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 676 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 677 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 678 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 679 68020021029: 681 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 682 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 683 consumers in sync. 684 68520021024: 686 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. 687 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to 688 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you 689 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD 690 partition really is on. The old device names have gone 691 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust 692 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in 693 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.) 694 69520021023: 696 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 697 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 698 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 699 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 700 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 701 702 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 703 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 704 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 705 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 706 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 707 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 708 70920020831: 710 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 711 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 712 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 713 714 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 715 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 716 71720020827: 718 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 719 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 720 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 721 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 722 72320020815: 724 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 725 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 726 again. 727 72820020729: 729 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 730 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 731 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 732 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 733 73420020702: 735 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 736 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 737 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 738 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 739 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 740 74120020701: 742 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 743 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 744 GNOME. 745 74620020511: 747 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 748 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 749 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 750 with the set-user-ID bit set. 751 75220020510: 753 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 754 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 755 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 756 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 757 75820020510: 759 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 760 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 761 and then do a cvs update. 762 76320020421: 764 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 765 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 766 76720020404: 768 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 769 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 770 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 771 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 772 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 773 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 774 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 775 77620020403: 777 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 778 77920020315: 780 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 781 78220020225: 783 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 784 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 785 78620020217: 787 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 788 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 789 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 790 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 791 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 792 793 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 794 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 795 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 796 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 797 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 798 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 799 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 800 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 801 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 802 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 803 as of this date. 804 80520020112: 806 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 807 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 808 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 809 you have local modifications, you can use 810 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 811 /etc/pam.d. 812 813 Please see the following url for more details: 814http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 81520011229: 816 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 817 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 818http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 819 82020011220: 821 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 822 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 823 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 824 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b 825 version have now been merged back into the base system's 826 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 827 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 828 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 829 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 830 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 831 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 832 83320011215: 834 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 835 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 836 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 837 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 838 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 839 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 840 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 841 fdcontrol(8). 842 84320011209: 844 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 845 and truss(1) now works again. 846 84720011207: 848 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 849 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 850 see 851http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 852 for details. 853 85420011204: 855 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 856 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 857 85820011203: 859 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 860 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 861 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 862 not there already. 863 864 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 865 until the issue has been resolved. 866 86720011202: 868 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 869 patched. 870 87120011126: 872 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 873 after this date. You need to do this only once. 874 87520011103: 876 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 877 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 878 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 879 88020011030: 881 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 882 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 883 88420011030: 885 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 886 88720011027: 888 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 889 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 890 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 891 try to use from this date forward. 892 89320011025: 894 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 895 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 896 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 897 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 898 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 899 90020011001: 901 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 902 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 903 at the same time. 904 90520010929: 906 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 907 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 908 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 909 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 910 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 911 91220010927: 913 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 914 To disable ACPI you can add 915 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" 916 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 917 loader "ok" prompt). 918 919 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 920 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 921 file and not list acpi in that list. 922 92320010924: 924 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 925 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 926 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 927 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 928 following to get them installed only once: 929 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 930 make all install 931 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 932 93320010919: 934 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 935 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 936 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 937 workaround is to add 938 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 939 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 940 can be removed afterwards. 941 942 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 943 94420010918: 945 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 946 NFS may be unstable after this date. 947 94820010912: 949 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 950 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 951 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 952 corrected. 953 95420010901: 955 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 956 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 957 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 958 have been rectified around this date. 959 96020010823: 961 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 962 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 963 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 964 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 965 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 966 permission for your name server configuration and that it 967 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 968 directory. 969 970 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 971 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 972 973 named_flags= 974 97520010709: 976 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 977 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 978 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 979 solution is to rebuild those ports. 980 98120010628: 982 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 983 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 984 98520010625: 986 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 987 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 988 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 989 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 990 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 991 99220010617: 993 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 994 99520010614: 996 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 997 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 998 kernel building methods. 999 100020010613: 1001 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 1002 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 1003 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 1004 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 1005 100620010613: 1007 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 1008 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 1009 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 1010 101120010612: 1012 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 1013 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 1014 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 1015 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 1016 until this bug is fixed. 1017 1018 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 1019 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 1020 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not. 1021 102220010610: 1023 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 1024 102520010604: 1026 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 1027 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 1028 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 1029 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 1030 1031 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 1032 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 1033 it is). 1034 1035 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 1036 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 1037 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 1038 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 1039 104020010530: 1041 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 1042 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 1043 a limited time. If you see 1044 1045install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 1046 1047 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 1048 COPY=-C. 1049 105020010525: 1051 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 1052 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 1053 definitely is in bad shape. 1054 105520010521: 1056 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems 1057 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 1058 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 1059 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 1060 is 1061Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 1062 106320010520: 1064 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 1065 106620010519: 1067 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 1068 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 1069 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 1070 107120010517: 1072 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 1073 userland at the same time. 1074 107520010517: 1076 New ncurses imported. 1077 107820010512: 1079 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 1080 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 1081 108220010504: 1083 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 1084 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 1085 108620010502: 1087 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 1088 108920010501: 1090 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 1091 109220010430: 1093 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 1094 go back in the water. 1095 109620010429: 1097 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 1098 this date, but before the correction date. 1099 110020010423: 1101 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 1102 110320010411: 1104 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 1105 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 1106 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 1107 fsck with the new kernel ever. 1108 110920010330: 1110 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 1111 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 1112 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 1113 111420010319: 1115 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 1116 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 1117 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 1118 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 1119 112020010315: 1121 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 1122 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 1123 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 1124 112520010312: 1126 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 1127 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 1128 112920010312: 1130 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 1131 instead of ad-hoc. 1132 113320010310: 1134 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 1135 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 1136 ssh might not work if you don't. 1137 113820010303: 1139 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 1140 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 1141 you use the ed driver. 1142 114320010220: 1144 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 1145 safe to go back into the water. 1146 114720010211: 1148 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 1149 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 1150 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 1151 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 1152 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 1153 1154 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 1155 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 1156 don't have to move this to the updating section. 1157 1158 To get around the installworld problem, do: 1159 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 1160 # make install 1161 # cd /usr/src 1162 # make installworld 1163 If that doesn't work, then try: 1164 # make -k installworld 1165 # make installworld 1166 116720010207: 1168 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 1169 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 1170 117120010205: 1172 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 1173 Remove them from your config. 1174 117520010122: 1176 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1177 buildkernel has been changed slightly 1178 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1179 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 1180 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 1181 118220010119: 1183 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 1184 This requires a new config to build correctly. 1185 118620010116: 1187 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 1188 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 1189 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 1190 119120010110: 1192 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 1193 119420010102: 1195 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 1196 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 1197 119820010101: 1199 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 1200 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 1201 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 1202 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 1203 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 1204 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 1205 might have been ignored by the -k option. 1206 1207 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 1208 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 1209 of this working. 1210 121120001228: 1212 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 1213 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed 1214 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 1215 121620001218: 1217 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 1218 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 1219 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 1220 cards will not be recognized without it. 1221 122220001205: 1223 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 1224 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 1225 adding the following in pam.conf: 1226 1227 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 1228 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 1229 sshd session required pam_permit.so 1230 123120001031: 1232 cvs updated to 1.11. 1233 123420001020: 1235 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 1236 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 1237 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 1238 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 1239 workaround. 1240 124120001010: 1242 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1243 Sendmail has been updated. 1244 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1245 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 1246 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 1247 is set. 1248 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 1249 commands. 1250 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 1251 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 1252 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 1253 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 1254 1255 More details can be found at 1256 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 1257 125820001009: 1259 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 1260 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 1261 126220001006: 1263 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 1264 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 1265 /usr/bin/miniperl. 1266 126720001005: 1268 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 1269 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 1270 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 1271 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 1272 tree for anything to work. 1273 127420000928: 1275 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 1276 127720000916: 1278 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 1279 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 1280 same time as your kernel. 1281 128220000914: 1283 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 1284 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 1285 when they resume. Include 1286 device pmtimer 1287 in your config file and 1288 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 1289 to your /boot/device.hints file. 1290 129120000911: 1292 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 1293 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 1294 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 1295 own kernel config file. 1296 Remove: 1297 options RANDOMDEV 1298 Add: 1299 device random 1300 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 1301 nothing. 1302 130320000909: 1304 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 1305 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 1306 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 1307 The line should read: 1308 random_load="YES" 1309 131020000907: 1311 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 1312 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 1313 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 1314 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 1315 first blush appear related to SMP. 1316 131720000906: 1318 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 1319 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 1320 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 1321 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 1322 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 1323 132420000905: 1325 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 1326 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 1327 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 1328 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 1329 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 1330 133120000905: 1332 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 1333 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 1334 is /boot/kernel. 1335 1336 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 1337 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 1338 installkernel/installworld dance. 1339 1340 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 1341 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 1342 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 1343 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 1344 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 1345 1346 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 1347 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 1348 chflags noschg /kernel.old 1349 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1350 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1351 fi 1352 135320000904: 1354 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 1355 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 1356 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 1357 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 1358 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 1359 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 1360 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 1361 is not likely to be generated. 1362 136320000825: 1364 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 1365 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 1366 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 1367 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 1368 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 1369 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 1370 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 1371 kernel. 1372 137320000821: 1374 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 1375 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 1376 /boot/loader.conf. 1377 137820000812: 1379 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 1380 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 1381 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 1382 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 1383 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 1384 will fix this until the next build. 1385 138620000812: 1387 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 1388 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 1389 include: 1390 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 1391 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 1392 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 1393 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 1394 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 1395 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 1396 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 1397 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 1398 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 1399 140020000810: 1401 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 1402 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 1403 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 1404 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 1405 specific use for it. 1406 140720000729: 1408 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 1409 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 1410 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 1411 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 1412 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 1413 inetd_enable="YES" 1414 portmap_enable="YES" 1415 sendmail_enable="YES" 1416 141720000728: 1418 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 1419 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 1420 142120000728: 1422 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 1423 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 1424 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 1425 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 1426 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 1427 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 1428 to /MYKERNEL. 1429 143020000711: 1431 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 1432 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 1433 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 1434 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 1435 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 1436 to get around them. 1437 1438 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 1439 clauses above, you needn't worry. 1440 144120000711: 1442 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 1443 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 1444 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 1445 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 1446 144720000710: 1448 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 1449 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 1450 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 1451 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 1452 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 1453 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 1454 errors. (see below, 20000624). 1455 1456 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 1457 145820000709: 1459 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 1460 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 1461 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 1462 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 1463 146420000706: 1465 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 1466 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 1467 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 1468 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 1469 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 1470 interim if needed. 1471 147220000705: 1473 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 1474 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 1475 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 1476 details. 1477 147820000704: 1479 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 1480 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 1481 148220000704: 1483 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 1484 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 1485 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 1486 148720000630: 1488 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 1489 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 1490 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 1491 149220000625: 1493 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 1494 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 1495 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 1496 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 1497 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 1498 were required. You should check with the latest collections 1499 to make sure that these haven't changed. 1500 150120000624: 1502 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 1503 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 1504 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 1505 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 1506 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 1507 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 1508 date to the completion of the work. 1509 1510 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 1511 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 1512 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 1513 recreate the random and urandom devices. 1514 151520000622: 1516 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 1517 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 1518 that used to be required when updating. 1519 152020000621: 1521 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 1522 the config file update procedure. 1523 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 1524 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 1525 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file: 1526 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT 1527 152820000620: 1529 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 1530 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 1531 that workaround will no longer be required. 1532 153320000615: 1534 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 1535 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 1536 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 1537 devices. 1538 1539 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 1540 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 1541 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 1542 may work). 1543 154420000612: 1545 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 1546 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 1547 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 1548 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 1549 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 1550 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 1551 1552 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 1553 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 1554 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 1555 in it. 1556 155720000522: 1558 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 1559 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 1560 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 1561 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 1562 1563 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 1564 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 1565 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 1566 is resolved. 1567 156820000513: 1569 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 1570 157120000510: 1572 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 1573 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 1574 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 1575 157620000503: 1577 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 1578 is now available. 1579 158020000502: 1581 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 1582 connected to the kernel building instead. 1583 158420000427: 1585 You may need to build gperf 1586 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 1587 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 1588 an option only in -current. 1589 159020000417: 1591 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 1592 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 1593 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 1594 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 1595 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 1596 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 1597 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 1598 159920000320: 1600 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 1601 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 1602 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 1603 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 1604 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 1605 160620000319: 1607 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 1608 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 1609 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 1610 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 1611 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 1612 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 1613 161420000318: 1615 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 1616 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 1617 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 1618 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 1619 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 1620 that you are loading are up to date. 1621 162220000315: 1623 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 1624 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 1625 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 1626 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 1627 boot. 1628 162920000315: 1630 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 1631 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 1632 1633COMMON ITEMS: 1634 1635 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-currrent as well, for the 1636 # momemnt. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in 1637 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any -> 1638 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3 1639 # RELEASE or newer. 1640 1641 General Notes 1642 ------------- 1643 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1644 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1645 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1646 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1647 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1648 on the -current branch). 1649 1650 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1651 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1652 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1653 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1654 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1655 page for more details. 1656 1657 To build a kernel 1658 ----------------- 1659 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1660 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1661 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1662 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1663 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1664 1665 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1666 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1667 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1668 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1669 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1670 1671 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1672 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1673 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1674 make depend 1675 make 1676 make install 1677 1678 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1679 1680 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1681 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1682 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1683 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1684 1685 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1686 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1687 make buildworld 1688 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1689 [1] 1690 <reboot in single user> [3] 1691 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1692 mergemaster -p [5] 1693 make installworld 1694 mergemaster [4] 1695 <reboot> 1696 1697 1698 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1699 -------------------------------------------------- 1700 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1701 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1702 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1703 # size. 1704 1705 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1706 <boot into -stable> 1707 make buildworld 1708 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1709 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1710 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1711 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1712 cp src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \ 1713 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed 1714 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1715 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1716 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1717 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1718 <reboot into current> 1719 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1720 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 1721 <reboot> 1722 1723 1724 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 1725 ---------------------------------------------- 1726 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1727 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x 1728 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1729 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1730 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 1731 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1732 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1733 # space on /. 1734 1735 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1736 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1737 make buildworld [9] 1738 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1739 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1740 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6] 1741 [1] 1742 <reboot in single user> [3] 1743 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1744 mergemaster -p [5] 1745 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1746 make installworld 1747 mergemaster -i [4] 1748 <reboot> 1749 1750 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1751 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1752 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1753 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1754 the UPDATING entries. 1755 1756 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1757 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1758 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1759 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1760 much fewer pitfalls. 1761 1762 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1763 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1764 system on reboot. 1765 1766 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1767 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1768 configuration. 1769 1770 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1771 fsck -p 1772 mount -u / 1773 mount -a 1774 cd src 1775 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1776 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1777 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1778 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1779 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1780 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1781 1782 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1783 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1784 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1785 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1786 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1787 for potential gotchas. 1788 1789 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1790 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1791 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1792 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1793 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1794 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1795 1796 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1797 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1798 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1799 ok unload 1800 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1801 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1802 described here. 1803 1804 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1805 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a 1806 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer. 1807 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1808 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha 1809 is not. 1810 1811 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1812 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1813 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1814 that is hard to boot to recover. 1815 1816 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1817 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1818 1819 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1820 cvs prune empty directories. 1821 1822 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1823 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1824 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1825 1826 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1827 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1828 warn if it is improperly defined. 1829 1830 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything, 1831 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x 1832 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue 1833 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can 1834 install the misc/compat4x port. 1835 1836 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be 1837 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom 1838 takes care of this. 1839FORMAT: 1840 1841This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1842breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1843and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1844previous releases if your system is older than this. 1845 1846Copyright information: 1847 1848Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1849 1850Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1851modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1852document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1853 1854THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1855IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1856WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1857DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1858INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1859(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1860SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1861HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1862STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1863IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1864POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1865 1866If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1867author a beer. 1868 1869Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1870this document. 1871 1872$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 135194 2004-09-14 03:01:38Z seanc $ 1873