xref: /freebsd-10.1-release/crypto/openssl/doc/crypto/BIO_s_accept.pod

=pod

=head1 NAME

BIO_s_accept, BIO_set_accept_port, BIO_get_accept_port,
BIO_set_nbio_accept, BIO_set_accept_bios, BIO_set_bind_mode,
BIO_get_bind_mode, BIO_do_accept - accept BIO

=head1 SYNOPSIS

 #include <openssl/bio.h>

 BIO_METHOD *BIO_s_accept(void);

 long BIO_set_accept_port(BIO *b, char *name);
 char *BIO_get_accept_port(BIO *b);

 BIO *BIO_new_accept(char *host_port);

 long BIO_set_nbio_accept(BIO *b, int n);
 long BIO_set_accept_bios(BIO *b, char *bio);

 long BIO_set_bind_mode(BIO *b, long mode);
 long BIO_get_bind_mode(BIO *b, long dummy);

 #define BIO_BIND_NORMAL		0
 #define BIO_BIND_REUSEADDR_IF_UNUSED	1
 #define BIO_BIND_REUSEADDR		2

 int BIO_do_accept(BIO *b);

=head1 DESCRIPTION

BIO_s_accept() returns the accept BIO method. This is a wrapper
round the platform's TCP/IP socket accept routines.

Using accept BIOs, TCP/IP connections can be accepted and data
transferred using only BIO routines. In this way any platform
specific operations are hidden by the BIO abstraction.

Read and write operations on an accept BIO will perform I/O
on the underlying connection. If no connection is established
and the port (see below) is set up properly then the BIO
waits for an incoming connection.

Accept BIOs support BIO_puts() but not BIO_gets().

If the close flag is set on an accept BIO then any active
connection on that chain is shutdown and the socket closed when
the BIO is freed.

Calling BIO_reset() on a accept BIO will close any active
connection and reset the BIO into a state where it awaits another
incoming connection.

BIO_get_fd() and BIO_set_fd() can be called to retrieve or set
the accept socket. See L<BIO_s_fd(3)|BIO_s_fd(3)>

BIO_set_accept_port() uses the string B<name> to set the accept
port. The port is represented as a string of the form "host:port",
where "host" is the interface to use and "port" is the port.
The host can be can be "*" which is interpreted as meaning
any interface; "port" has the same syntax
as the port specified in BIO_set_conn_port() for connect BIOs,
that is it can be a numerical port string or a string to lookup
using getservbyname() and a string table.

BIO_new_accept() combines BIO_new() and BIO_set_accept_port() into
a single call: that is it creates a new accept BIO with port
B<host_port>.

BIO_set_nbio_accept() sets the accept socket to blocking mode
(the default) if B<n> is 0 or non blocking mode if B<n> is 1.

BIO_set_accept_bios() can be used to set a chain of BIOs which
will be duplicated and prepended to the chain when an incoming
connection is received. This is useful if, for example, a 
buffering or SSL BIO is required for each connection. The
chain of BIOs must not be freed after this call, they will
be automatically freed when the accept BIO is freed.

BIO_set_bind_mode() and BIO_get_bind_mode() set and retrieve
the current bind mode. If BIO_BIND_NORMAL (the default) is set
then another socket cannot be bound to the same port. If
BIO_BIND_REUSEADDR is set then other sockets can bind to the
same port. If BIO_BIND_REUSEADDR_IF_UNUSED is set then and
attempt is first made to use BIO_BIN_NORMAL, if this fails
and the port is not in use then a second attempt is made
using BIO_BIND_REUSEADDR.

BIO_do_accept() serves two functions. When it is first
called, after the accept BIO has been setup, it will attempt
to create the accept socket and bind an address to it. Second
and subsequent calls to BIO_do_accept() will await an incoming
connection, or request a retry in non blocking mode.

=head1 NOTES

When an accept BIO is at the end of a chain it will await an
incoming connection before processing I/O calls. When an accept
BIO is not at then end of a chain it passes I/O calls to the next
BIO in the chain.

When a connection is established a new socket BIO is created for
the connection and appended to the chain. That is the chain is now
accept->socket. This effectively means that attempting I/O on
an initial accept socket will await an incoming connection then
perform I/O on it.

If any additional BIOs have been set using BIO_set_accept_bios()
then they are placed between the socket and the accept BIO,
that is the chain will be accept->otherbios->socket.

If a server wishes to process multiple connections (as is normally
the case) then the accept BIO must be made available for further
incoming connections. This can be done by waiting for a connection and
then calling:

 connection = BIO_pop(accept);

After this call B<connection> will contain a BIO for the recently
established connection and B<accept> will now be a single BIO
again which can be used to await further incoming connections.
If no further connections will be accepted the B<accept> can
be freed using BIO_free().

If only a single connection will be processed it is possible to
perform I/O using the accept BIO itself. This is often undesirable
however because the accept BIO will still accept additional incoming
connections. This can be resolved by using BIO_pop() (see above)
and freeing up the accept BIO after the initial connection.

If the underlying accept socket is non-blocking and BIO_do_accept() is
called to await an incoming connection it is possible for
BIO_should_io_special() with the reason BIO_RR_ACCEPT. If this happens
then it is an indication that an accept attempt would block: the application
should take appropriate action to wait until the underlying socket has
accepted a connection and retry the call.

BIO_set_accept_port(), BIO_get_accept_port(), BIO_set_nbio_accept(),
BIO_set_accept_bios(), BIO_set_bind_mode(), BIO_get_bind_mode() and
BIO_do_accept() are macros.

=head1 RETURN VALUES

TBA

=head1 EXAMPLE

This example accepts two connections on port 4444, sends messages
down each and finally closes both down.

 BIO *abio, *cbio, *cbio2;
 ERR_load_crypto_strings();
 abio = BIO_new_accept("4444");

 /* First call to BIO_accept() sets up accept BIO */
 if(BIO_do_accept(abio) <= 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Error setting up accept\n");
	ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
	exit(0);		
 }

 /* Wait for incoming connection */
 if(BIO_do_accept(abio) <= 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Error accepting connection\n");
	ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
	exit(0);		
 }
 fprintf(stderr, "Connection 1 established\n");
 /* Retrieve BIO for connection */
 cbio = BIO_pop(abio);
 BIO_puts(cbio, "Connection 1: Sending out Data on initial connection\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "Sent out data on connection 1\n");
 /* Wait for another connection */
 if(BIO_do_accept(abio) <= 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "Error accepting connection\n");
	ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
	exit(0);		
 }
 fprintf(stderr, "Connection 2 established\n");
 /* Close accept BIO to refuse further connections */
 cbio2 = BIO_pop(abio);
 BIO_free(abio);
 BIO_puts(cbio2, "Connection 2: Sending out Data on second\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "Sent out data on connection 2\n");

 BIO_puts(cbio, "Connection 1: Second connection established\n");
 /* Close the two established connections */
 BIO_free(cbio);
 BIO_free(cbio2);

=head1 SEE ALSO

TBA