1236769SobrienMAKE(1) NetBSD General Commands Manual MAKE(1) 2236769Sobrien 3236769SobrienNNAAMMEE 4236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee -- maintain program dependencies 5236769Sobrien 6236769SobrienSSYYNNOOPPSSIISS 7253883Ssjg bbmmaakkee [--BBeeiikkNNnnqqrrssttWWwwXX] [--CC _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y] [--DD _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e] [--dd _f_l_a_g_s] 8236769Sobrien [--ff _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e] [--II _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y] [--JJ _p_r_i_v_a_t_e] [--jj _m_a_x___j_o_b_s] 9236769Sobrien [--mm _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y] [--TT _f_i_l_e] [--VV _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e] [_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_=_v_a_l_u_e] 10236769Sobrien [_t_a_r_g_e_t _._._.] 11236769Sobrien 12236769SobrienDDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN 13236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other pro- 14236769Sobrien grams. Its input is a list of specifications as to the files upon which 15236769Sobrien programs and other files depend. If no --ff _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e makefile option is 16236769Sobrien given, bbmmaakkee will try to open `_m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e' then `_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e' in order to find 17236769Sobrien the specifications. If the file `_._d_e_p_e_n_d' exists, it is read (see 18236769Sobrien mkdep(1)). 19236769Sobrien 20236769Sobrien This manual page is intended as a reference document only. For a more 21236769Sobrien thorough description of bbmmaakkee and makefiles, please refer to _P_M_a_k_e _- _A 22236769Sobrien _T_u_t_o_r_i_a_l. 23236769Sobrien 24236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee will prepend the contents of the _M_A_K_E_F_L_A_G_S environment variable to 25236769Sobrien the command line arguments before parsing them. 26236769Sobrien 27236769Sobrien The options are as follows: 28236769Sobrien 29236769Sobrien --BB Try to be backwards compatible by executing a single shell per 30236769Sobrien command and by executing the commands to make the sources of a 31236769Sobrien dependency line in sequence. 32236769Sobrien 33236769Sobrien --CC _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y 34236769Sobrien Change to _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y before reading the makefiles or doing any- 35236769Sobrien thing else. If multiple --CC options are specified, each is inter- 36236769Sobrien preted relative to the previous one: --CC _/ --CC _e_t_c is equivalent to 37236769Sobrien --CC _/_e_t_c. 38236769Sobrien 39236769Sobrien --DD _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e 40236769Sobrien Define _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e to be 1, in the global context. 41236769Sobrien 42236769Sobrien --dd _[_-_]_f_l_a_g_s 43236769Sobrien Turn on debugging, and specify which portions of bbmmaakkee are to 44236769Sobrien print debugging information. Unless the flags are preceded by 45236769Sobrien `-' they are added to the _M_A_K_E_F_L_A_G_S environment variable and will 46236769Sobrien be processed by any child make processes. By default, debugging 47236769Sobrien information is printed to standard error, but this can be changed 48236769Sobrien using the _F debugging flag. The debugging output is always 49236769Sobrien unbuffered; in addition, if debugging is enabled but debugging 50236769Sobrien output is not directed to standard output, then the standard out- 51236769Sobrien put is line buffered. _F_l_a_g_s is one or more of the following: 52236769Sobrien 53236769Sobrien _A Print all possible debugging information; equivalent to 54236769Sobrien specifying all of the debugging flags. 55236769Sobrien 56236769Sobrien _a Print debugging information about archive searching and 57236769Sobrien caching. 58236769Sobrien 59236769Sobrien _C Print debugging information about current working direc- 60236769Sobrien tory. 61236769Sobrien 62236769Sobrien _c Print debugging information about conditional evaluation. 63236769Sobrien 64236769Sobrien _d Print debugging information about directory searching and 65236769Sobrien caching. 66236769Sobrien 67236769Sobrien _e Print debugging information about failed commands and 68236769Sobrien targets. 69236769Sobrien 70236769Sobrien _F[++]_f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e 71236769Sobrien Specify where debugging output is written. This must be 72236769Sobrien the last flag, because it consumes the remainder of the 73236769Sobrien argument. If the character immediately after the `F' 74236769Sobrien flag is `+', then the file will be opened in append mode; 75236769Sobrien otherwise the file will be overwritten. If the file name 76236769Sobrien is `stdout' or `stderr' then debugging output will be 77236769Sobrien written to the standard output or standard error output 78236769Sobrien file descriptors respectively (and the `+' option has no 79236769Sobrien effect). Otherwise, the output will be written to the 80236769Sobrien named file. If the file name ends `.%d' then the `%d' is 81236769Sobrien replaced by the pid. 82236769Sobrien 83236769Sobrien _f Print debugging information about loop evaluation. 84236769Sobrien 85236769Sobrien _g_1 Print the input graph before making anything. 86236769Sobrien 87236769Sobrien _g_2 Print the input graph after making everything, or before 88236769Sobrien exiting on error. 89236769Sobrien 90236769Sobrien _g_3 Print the input graph before exiting on error. 91236769Sobrien 92236769Sobrien _j Print debugging information about running multiple 93236769Sobrien shells. 94236769Sobrien 95236769Sobrien _l Print commands in Makefiles regardless of whether or not 96236769Sobrien they are prefixed by `@' or other "quiet" flags. Also 97236769Sobrien known as "loud" behavior. 98236769Sobrien 99236769Sobrien _M Print debugging information about "meta" mode decisions 100236769Sobrien about targets. 101236769Sobrien 102236769Sobrien _m Print debugging information about making targets, includ- 103236769Sobrien ing modification dates. 104236769Sobrien 105236769Sobrien _n Don't delete the temporary command scripts created when 106236769Sobrien running commands. These temporary scripts are created in 107236769Sobrien the directory referred to by the TMPDIR environment vari- 108236769Sobrien able, or in _/_t_m_p if TMPDIR is unset or set to the empty 109236769Sobrien string. The temporary scripts are created by mkstemp(3), 110236769Sobrien and have names of the form _m_a_k_e_X_X_X_X_X_X. _N_O_T_E: This can 111236769Sobrien create many files in TMPDIR or _/_t_m_p, so use with care. 112236769Sobrien 113236769Sobrien _p Print debugging information about makefile parsing. 114236769Sobrien 115236769Sobrien _s Print debugging information about suffix-transformation 116236769Sobrien rules. 117236769Sobrien 118236769Sobrien _t Print debugging information about target list mainte- 119236769Sobrien nance. 120236769Sobrien 121240330Smarcel _V Force the --VV option to print raw values of variables. 122240330Smarcel 123236769Sobrien _v Print debugging information about variable assignment. 124236769Sobrien 125253883Ssjg _w Print entering and leaving directory messages, pre and 126253883Ssjg post processing. 127253883Ssjg 128236769Sobrien _x Run shell commands with --xx so the actual commands are 129236769Sobrien printed as they are executed. 130236769Sobrien 131236769Sobrien --ee Specify that environment variables override macro assignments 132236769Sobrien within makefiles. 133236769Sobrien 134236769Sobrien --ff _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e 135236769Sobrien Specify a makefile to read instead of the default `_m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e'. If 136236769Sobrien _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e is `--', standard input is read. Multiple makefiles may 137236769Sobrien be specified, and are read in the order specified. 138236769Sobrien 139236769Sobrien --II _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y 140236769Sobrien Specify a directory in which to search for makefiles and included 141236769Sobrien makefiles. The system makefile directory (or directories, see 142236769Sobrien the --mm option) is automatically included as part of this list. 143236769Sobrien 144236769Sobrien --ii Ignore non-zero exit of shell commands in the makefile. Equiva- 145236769Sobrien lent to specifying `--' before each command line in the makefile. 146236769Sobrien 147236769Sobrien --JJ _p_r_i_v_a_t_e 148236769Sobrien This option should _n_o_t be specified by the user. 149236769Sobrien 150236769Sobrien When the _j option is in use in a recursive build, this option is 151236769Sobrien passed by a make to child makes to allow all the make processes 152236769Sobrien in the build to cooperate to avoid overloading the system. 153236769Sobrien 154236769Sobrien --jj _m_a_x___j_o_b_s 155236769Sobrien Specify the maximum number of jobs that bbmmaakkee may have running at 156236769Sobrien any one time. The value is saved in _._M_A_K_E_._J_O_B_S. Turns compati- 157236769Sobrien bility mode off, unless the _B flag is also specified. When com- 158236769Sobrien patibility mode is off, all commands associated with a target are 159236769Sobrien executed in a single shell invocation as opposed to the tradi- 160236769Sobrien tional one shell invocation per line. This can break traditional 161236769Sobrien scripts which change directories on each command invocation and 162236769Sobrien then expect to start with a fresh environment on the next line. 163236769Sobrien It is more efficient to correct the scripts rather than turn 164236769Sobrien backwards compatibility on. 165236769Sobrien 166236769Sobrien --kk Continue processing after errors are encountered, but only on 167236769Sobrien those targets that do not depend on the target whose creation 168236769Sobrien caused the error. 169236769Sobrien 170236769Sobrien --mm _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y 171236769Sobrien Specify a directory in which to search for sys.mk and makefiles 172236769Sobrien included via the <_f_i_l_e>-style include statement. The --mm option 173236769Sobrien can be used multiple times to form a search path. This path will 174236769Sobrien override the default system include path: /usr/share/mk. Fur- 175236769Sobrien thermore the system include path will be appended to the search 176236769Sobrien path used for "_f_i_l_e"-style include statements (see the --II 177236769Sobrien option). 178236769Sobrien 179236769Sobrien If a file or directory name in the --mm argument (or the 180236769Sobrien MAKESYSPATH environment variable) starts with the string ".../" 181236769Sobrien then bbmmaakkee will search for the specified file or directory named 182236769Sobrien in the remaining part of the argument string. The search starts 183236769Sobrien with the current directory of the Makefile and then works upward 184236769Sobrien towards the root of the filesystem. If the search is successful, 185236769Sobrien then the resulting directory replaces the ".../" specification in 186236769Sobrien the --mm argument. If used, this feature allows bbmmaakkee to easily 187236769Sobrien search in the current source tree for customized sys.mk files 188236769Sobrien (e.g., by using ".../mk/sys.mk" as an argument). 189236769Sobrien 190236769Sobrien --nn Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not 191236769Sobrien actually execute them unless the target depends on the .MAKE spe- 192236769Sobrien cial source (see below). 193236769Sobrien 194236769Sobrien --NN Display the commands which would have been executed, but do not 195236769Sobrien actually execute any of them; useful for debugging top-level 196236769Sobrien makefiles without descending into subdirectories. 197236769Sobrien 198236769Sobrien --qq Do not execute any commands, but exit 0 if the specified targets 199236769Sobrien are up-to-date and 1, otherwise. 200236769Sobrien 201236769Sobrien --rr Do not use the built-in rules specified in the system makefile. 202236769Sobrien 203236769Sobrien --ss Do not echo any commands as they are executed. Equivalent to 204236769Sobrien specifying `@@' before each command line in the makefile. 205236769Sobrien 206236769Sobrien --TT _t_r_a_c_e_f_i_l_e 207236769Sobrien When used with the --jj flag, append a trace record to _t_r_a_c_e_f_i_l_e 208236769Sobrien for each job started and completed. 209236769Sobrien 210236769Sobrien --tt Rather than re-building a target as specified in the makefile, 211236769Sobrien create it or update its modification time to make it appear up- 212236769Sobrien to-date. 213236769Sobrien 214236769Sobrien --VV _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e 215236769Sobrien Print bbmmaakkee's idea of the value of _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e, in the global con- 216236769Sobrien text. Do not build any targets. Multiple instances of this 217236769Sobrien option may be specified; the variables will be printed one per 218236769Sobrien line, with a blank line for each null or undefined variable. If 219236769Sobrien _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e contains a `$' then the value will be expanded before 220236769Sobrien printing. 221236769Sobrien 222236769Sobrien --WW Treat any warnings during makefile parsing as errors. 223236769Sobrien 224236769Sobrien --XX Don't export variables passed on the command line to the environ- 225236769Sobrien ment individually. Variables passed on the command line are 226236769Sobrien still exported via the _M_A_K_E_F_L_A_G_S environment variable. This 227236769Sobrien option may be useful on systems which have a small limit on the 228236769Sobrien size of command arguments. 229236769Sobrien 230236769Sobrien _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_=_v_a_l_u_e 231236769Sobrien Set the value of the variable _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e to _v_a_l_u_e. Normally, all 232236769Sobrien values passed on the command line are also exported to sub-makes 233236769Sobrien in the environment. The --XX flag disables this behavior. Vari- 234236769Sobrien able assignments should follow options for POSIX compatibility 235236769Sobrien but no ordering is enforced. 236236769Sobrien 237236769Sobrien There are seven different types of lines in a makefile: file dependency 238236769Sobrien specifications, shell commands, variable assignments, include statements, 239236769Sobrien conditional directives, for loops, and comments. 240236769Sobrien 241236769Sobrien In general, lines may be continued from one line to the next by ending 242236769Sobrien them with a backslash (`\'). The trailing newline character and initial 243236769Sobrien whitespace on the following line are compressed into a single space. 244236769Sobrien 245236769SobrienFFIILLEE DDEEPPEENNDDEENNCCYY SSPPEECCIIFFIICCAATTIIOONNSS 246236769Sobrien Dependency lines consist of one or more targets, an operator, and zero or 247236769Sobrien more sources. This creates a relationship where the targets ``depend'' 248236769Sobrien on the sources and are usually created from them. The exact relationship 249236769Sobrien between the target and the source is determined by the operator that sep- 250236769Sobrien arates them. The three operators are as follows: 251236769Sobrien 252236769Sobrien :: A target is considered out-of-date if its modification time is less 253236769Sobrien than those of any of its sources. Sources for a target accumulate 254236769Sobrien over dependency lines when this operator is used. The target is 255236769Sobrien removed if bbmmaakkee is interrupted. 256236769Sobrien 257236769Sobrien !! Targets are always re-created, but not until all sources have been 258236769Sobrien examined and re-created as necessary. Sources for a target accumu- 259236769Sobrien late over dependency lines when this operator is used. The target 260236769Sobrien is removed if bbmmaakkee is interrupted. 261236769Sobrien 262236769Sobrien :::: If no sources are specified, the target is always re-created. Oth- 263236769Sobrien erwise, a target is considered out-of-date if any of its sources 264236769Sobrien has been modified more recently than the target. Sources for a 265236769Sobrien target do not accumulate over dependency lines when this operator 266236769Sobrien is used. The target will not be removed if bbmmaakkee is interrupted. 267236769Sobrien 268236769Sobrien Targets and sources may contain the shell wildcard values `?', `*', `[]', 269236769Sobrien and `{}'. The values `?', `*', and `[]' may only be used as part of the 270236769Sobrien final component of the target or source, and must be used to describe 271236769Sobrien existing files. The value `{}' need not necessarily be used to describe 272236769Sobrien existing files. Expansion is in directory order, not alphabetically as 273236769Sobrien done in the shell. 274236769Sobrien 275236769SobrienSSHHEELLLL CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS 276236769Sobrien Each target may have associated with it a series of shell commands, nor- 277236769Sobrien mally used to create the target. Each of the commands in this script 278236769Sobrien _m_u_s_t be preceded by a tab. While any target may appear on a dependency 279236769Sobrien line, only one of these dependencies may be followed by a creation 280236769Sobrien script, unless the `::::' operator is used. 281236769Sobrien 282236769Sobrien If the first characters of the command line are any combination of `@@', 283236769Sobrien `++', or `--', the command is treated specially. A `@@' causes the command 284236769Sobrien not to be echoed before it is executed. A `++' causes the command to be 285236769Sobrien executed even when --nn is given. This is similar to the effect of the 286236769Sobrien .MAKE special source, except that the effect can be limited to a single 287236769Sobrien line of a script. A `--' causes any non-zero exit status of the command 288236769Sobrien line to be ignored. 289236769Sobrien 290246223Ssjg When bbmmaakkee is run in jobs mode with --jj _m_a_x___j_o_b_s, the entire script for 291246223Ssjg the target is fed to a single instance of the shell. 292246223Ssjg 293246223Ssjg In compatibility (non-jobs) mode, each command is run in a separate 294246223Ssjg process. If the command contains any shell meta characters 295246223Ssjg (`#=|^(){};&<>*?[]:$`\\n') it will be passed to the shell, otherwise 296246223Ssjg bbmmaakkee will attempt direct execution. 297246223Ssjg 298246223Ssjg Since bbmmaakkee will chdir(2) to `_._O_B_J_D_I_R' before executing any targets, each 299246223Ssjg child process starts with that as its current working directory. 300246223Ssjg 301246223Ssjg Makefiles should be written so that the mode of bbmmaakkee operation does not 302246223Ssjg change their behavior. For example, any command which needs to use 303246223Ssjg ``cd'' or ``chdir'', without side-effect should be put in parenthesis: 304246223Ssjg 305246223Ssjg 306246223Ssjg avoid-chdir-side-effects: 307246223Ssjg @echo Building $@ in `pwd` 308246223Ssjg @(cd ${.CURDIR} && ${.MAKE} $@) 309246223Ssjg @echo Back in `pwd` 310246223Ssjg 311246223Ssjg ensure-one-shell-regardless-of-mode: 312246223Ssjg @echo Building $@ in `pwd`; \ 313246223Ssjg (cd ${.CURDIR} && ${.MAKE} $@); \ 314246223Ssjg echo Back in `pwd` 315246223Ssjg 316236769SobrienVVAARRIIAABBLLEE AASSSSIIGGNNMMEENNTTSS 317236769Sobrien Variables in make are much like variables in the shell, and, by tradi- 318236769Sobrien tion, consist of all upper-case letters. 319236769Sobrien 320236769Sobrien VVaarriiaabbllee aassssiiggnnmmeenntt mmooddiiffiieerrss 321236769Sobrien The five operators that can be used to assign values to variables are as 322236769Sobrien follows: 323236769Sobrien 324236769Sobrien == Assign the value to the variable. Any previous value is overrid- 325236769Sobrien den. 326236769Sobrien 327236769Sobrien ++== Append the value to the current value of the variable. 328236769Sobrien 329236769Sobrien ??== Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined. 330236769Sobrien 331236769Sobrien ::== Assign with expansion, i.e. expand the value before assigning it 332236769Sobrien to the variable. Normally, expansion is not done until the vari- 333236769Sobrien able is referenced. _N_O_T_E: References to undefined variables are 334236769Sobrien _n_o_t expanded. This can cause problems when variable modifiers 335236769Sobrien are used. 336236769Sobrien 337236769Sobrien !!== Expand the value and pass it to the shell for execution and 338236769Sobrien assign the result to the variable. Any newlines in the result 339236769Sobrien are replaced with spaces. 340236769Sobrien 341236769Sobrien Any white-space before the assigned _v_a_l_u_e is removed; if the value is 342236769Sobrien being appended, a single space is inserted between the previous contents 343236769Sobrien of the variable and the appended value. 344236769Sobrien 345236769Sobrien Variables are expanded by surrounding the variable name with either curly 346236769Sobrien braces (`{}') or parentheses (`()') and preceding it with a dollar sign 347236769Sobrien (`$'). If the variable name contains only a single letter, the surround- 348236769Sobrien ing braces or parentheses are not required. This shorter form is not 349236769Sobrien recommended. 350236769Sobrien 351236769Sobrien If the variable name contains a dollar, then the name itself is expanded 352236769Sobrien first. This allows almost arbitrary variable names, however names con- 353236769Sobrien taining dollar, braces, parenthesis, or whitespace are really best 354236769Sobrien avoided! 355236769Sobrien 356236769Sobrien If the result of expanding a variable contains a dollar sign (`$') the 357236769Sobrien string is expanded again. 358236769Sobrien 359236769Sobrien Variable substitution occurs at three distinct times, depending on where 360236769Sobrien the variable is being used. 361236769Sobrien 362236769Sobrien 1. Variables in dependency lines are expanded as the line is read. 363236769Sobrien 364236769Sobrien 2. Variables in shell commands are expanded when the shell command is 365236769Sobrien executed. 366236769Sobrien 367236769Sobrien 3. ``.for'' loop index variables are expanded on each loop iteration. 368236769Sobrien Note that other variables are not expanded inside loops so the fol- 369236769Sobrien lowing example code: 370236769Sobrien 371236769Sobrien 372236769Sobrien .for i in 1 2 3 373236769Sobrien a+= ${i} 374236769Sobrien j= ${i} 375236769Sobrien b+= ${j} 376236769Sobrien .endfor 377236769Sobrien 378236769Sobrien all: 379236769Sobrien @echo ${a} 380236769Sobrien @echo ${b} 381236769Sobrien 382236769Sobrien will print: 383236769Sobrien 384236769Sobrien 1 2 3 385236769Sobrien 3 3 3 386236769Sobrien 387236769Sobrien Because while ${a} contains ``1 2 3'' after the loop is executed, 388236769Sobrien ${b} contains ``${j} ${j} ${j}'' which expands to ``3 3 3'' since 389236769Sobrien after the loop completes ${j} contains ``3''. 390236769Sobrien 391236769Sobrien VVaarriiaabbllee ccllaasssseess 392236769Sobrien The four different classes of variables (in order of increasing prece- 393236769Sobrien dence) are: 394236769Sobrien 395236769Sobrien Environment variables 396236769Sobrien Variables defined as part of bbmmaakkee's environment. 397236769Sobrien 398236769Sobrien Global variables 399236769Sobrien Variables defined in the makefile or in included makefiles. 400236769Sobrien 401236769Sobrien Command line variables 402236769Sobrien Variables defined as part of the command line. 403236769Sobrien 404236769Sobrien Local variables 405236769Sobrien Variables that are defined specific to a certain target. The 406236769Sobrien seven local variables are as follows: 407236769Sobrien 408236769Sobrien _._A_L_L_S_R_C The list of all sources for this target; also known as 409236769Sobrien `_>'. 410236769Sobrien 411236769Sobrien _._A_R_C_H_I_V_E The name of the archive file. 412236769Sobrien 413236769Sobrien _._I_M_P_S_R_C In suffix-transformation rules, the name/path of the 414236769Sobrien source from which the target is to be transformed (the 415236769Sobrien ``implied'' source); also known as `_<'. It is not 416236769Sobrien defined in explicit rules. 417236769Sobrien 418236769Sobrien _._M_E_M_B_E_R The name of the archive member. 419236769Sobrien 420236769Sobrien _._O_O_D_A_T_E The list of sources for this target that were deemed 421236769Sobrien out-of-date; also known as `_?'. 422236769Sobrien 423236769Sobrien _._P_R_E_F_I_X The file prefix of the target, containing only the file 424236769Sobrien portion, no suffix or preceding directory components; 425236769Sobrien also known as `_*'. 426236769Sobrien 427236769Sobrien _._T_A_R_G_E_T The name of the target; also known as `_@'. 428236769Sobrien 429236769Sobrien The shorter forms `_@', `_?', `_<', `_>', and `_*' are permitted for 430236769Sobrien backward compatibility with historical makefiles and are not rec- 431236769Sobrien ommended. The six variables `_@_F', `_@_D', `_<_F', `_<_D', `_*_F', and 432236769Sobrien `_*_D' are permitted for compatibility with AT&T System V UNIX 433236769Sobrien makefiles and are not recommended. 434236769Sobrien 435236769Sobrien Four of the local variables may be used in sources on dependency 436236769Sobrien lines because they expand to the proper value for each target on 437236769Sobrien the line. These variables are `_._T_A_R_G_E_T', `_._P_R_E_F_I_X', `_._A_R_C_H_I_V_E', 438236769Sobrien and `_._M_E_M_B_E_R'. 439236769Sobrien 440236769Sobrien AAddddiittiioonnaall bbuuiilltt--iinn vvaarriiaabblleess 441236769Sobrien In addition, bbmmaakkee sets or knows about the following variables: 442236769Sobrien 443236769Sobrien _$ A single dollar sign `$', i.e. `$$' expands to a single 444236769Sobrien dollar sign. 445236769Sobrien 446236769Sobrien _._A_L_L_T_A_R_G_E_T_S The list of all targets encountered in the Makefile. If 447236769Sobrien evaluated during Makefile parsing, lists only those tar- 448236769Sobrien gets encountered thus far. 449236769Sobrien 450236769Sobrien _._C_U_R_D_I_R A path to the directory where bbmmaakkee was executed. Refer 451236769Sobrien to the description of `PWD' for more details. 452236769Sobrien 453236769Sobrien MAKE The name that bbmmaakkee was executed with (_a_r_g_v_[_0_]). For 454236769Sobrien compatibility bbmmaakkee also sets _._M_A_K_E with the same value. 455236769Sobrien The preferred variable to use is the environment variable 456236769Sobrien MAKE because it is more compatible with other versions of 457236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee and cannot be confused with the special target with 458236769Sobrien the same name. 459236769Sobrien 460236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._D_E_P_E_N_D_F_I_L_E 461236769Sobrien Names the makefile (default `_._d_e_p_e_n_d') from which gener- 462236769Sobrien ated dependencies are read. 463236769Sobrien 464240330Smarcel _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_A_N_D___V_A_R_I_A_B_L_E_S 465240330Smarcel A boolean that controls the default behavior of the --VV 466240330Smarcel option. 467240330Smarcel 468236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_O_R_T_E_D The list of variables exported by bbmmaakkee. 469236769Sobrien 470236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._J_O_B_S The argument to the --jj option. 471236769Sobrien 472236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._J_O_B_._P_R_E_F_I_X 473236769Sobrien If bbmmaakkee is run with _j then output for each target is 474236769Sobrien prefixed with a token `--- target ---' the first part of 475253883Ssjg which can be controlled via _._M_A_K_E_._J_O_B_._P_R_E_F_I_X. If 476253883Ssjg _._M_A_K_E_._J_O_B_._P_R_E_F_I_X is empty, no token is printed. 477236769Sobrien For example: 478236769Sobrien .MAKE.JOB.PREFIX=${.newline}---${.MAKE:T}[${.MAKE.PID}] 479236769Sobrien would produce tokens like `---make[1234] target ---' mak- 480236769Sobrien ing it easier to track the degree of parallelism being 481236769Sobrien achieved. 482236769Sobrien 483236769Sobrien MAKEFLAGS The environment variable `MAKEFLAGS' may contain anything 484236769Sobrien that may be specified on bbmmaakkee's command line. Anything 485236769Sobrien specified on bbmmaakkee's command line is appended to the 486236769Sobrien `MAKEFLAGS' variable which is then entered into the envi- 487236769Sobrien ronment for all programs which bbmmaakkee executes. 488236769Sobrien 489236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._L_E_V_E_L The recursion depth of bbmmaakkee. The initial instance of 490236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee will be 0, and an incremented value is put into the 491236769Sobrien environment to be seen by the next generation. This 492236769Sobrien allows tests like: .if ${.MAKE.LEVEL} == 0 to protect 493236769Sobrien things which should only be evaluated in the initial 494236769Sobrien instance of bbmmaakkee. 495236769Sobrien 496236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_A_K_E_F_I_L_E___P_R_E_F_E_R_E_N_C_E 497236769Sobrien The ordered list of makefile names (default `_m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e', 498236769Sobrien `_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e') that bbmmaakkee will look for. 499236769Sobrien 500236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_A_K_E_F_I_L_E_S 501236769Sobrien The list of makefiles read by bbmmaakkee, which is useful for 502236769Sobrien tracking dependencies. Each makefile is recorded only 503236769Sobrien once, regardless of the number of times read. 504236769Sobrien 505236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_O_D_E Processed after reading all makefiles. Can affect the 506236769Sobrien mode that bbmmaakkee runs in. It can contain a number of key- 507236769Sobrien words: 508236769Sobrien 509236769Sobrien _c_o_m_p_a_t Like --BB, puts bbmmaakkee into "compat" mode. 510236769Sobrien 511236769Sobrien _m_e_t_a Puts bbmmaakkee into "meta" mode, where meta files 512236769Sobrien are created for each target to capture the 513236769Sobrien command run, the output generated and if 514236769Sobrien filemon(4) is available, the system calls 515236769Sobrien which are of interest to bbmmaakkee. The captured 516236769Sobrien output can be very useful when diagnosing 517236769Sobrien errors. 518236769Sobrien 519236769Sobrien _c_u_r_d_i_r_O_k_= _b_f Normally bbmmaakkee will not create .meta files 520236769Sobrien in `_._C_U_R_D_I_R'. This can be overridden by set- 521236769Sobrien ting _b_f to a value which represents True. 522236769Sobrien 523236769Sobrien _e_n_v For debugging, it can be useful to inlcude 524236769Sobrien the environment in the .meta file. 525236769Sobrien 526236769Sobrien _v_e_r_b_o_s_e If in "meta" mode, print a clue about the 527236769Sobrien target being built. This is useful if the 528236769Sobrien build is otherwise running silently. The 529236769Sobrien message printed the value of: 530236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._P_R_E_F_I_X. 531236769Sobrien 532236769Sobrien _i_g_n_o_r_e_-_c_m_d Some makefiles have commands which are simply 533236769Sobrien not stable. This keyword causes them to be 534236769Sobrien ignored for determining whether a target is 535236769Sobrien out of date in "meta" mode. See also 536236769Sobrien ..NNOOMMEETTAA__CCMMPP. 537236769Sobrien 538236769Sobrien _s_i_l_e_n_t_= _b_f If _b_f is True, when a .meta file is created, 539236769Sobrien mark the target ..SSIILLEENNTT. 540236769Sobrien 541236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._B_A_I_L_I_W_I_C_K 542236769Sobrien In "meta" mode, provides a list of prefixes which match 543236769Sobrien the directories controlled by bbmmaakkee. If a file that was 544236769Sobrien generated outside of _._O_B_J_D_I_R but within said bailiwick is 545236769Sobrien missing, the current target is considered out-of-date. 546236769Sobrien 547236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._C_R_E_A_T_E_D 548236769Sobrien In "meta" mode, this variable contains a list of all the 549236769Sobrien meta files updated. If not empty, it can be used to 550236769Sobrien trigger processing of _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._F_I_L_E_S. 551236769Sobrien 552236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._F_I_L_E_S 553236769Sobrien In "meta" mode, this variable contains a list of all the 554236769Sobrien meta files used (updated or not). This list can be used 555236769Sobrien to process the meta files to extract dependency informa- 556236769Sobrien tion. 557236769Sobrien 558253883Ssjg _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._I_G_N_O_R_E___P_A_T_H_S 559253883Ssjg Provides a list of path prefixes that should be ignored; 560253883Ssjg because the contents are expected to change over time. 561253883Ssjg The default list includes: `_/_d_e_v _/_e_t_c _/_p_r_o_c _/_t_m_p _/_v_a_r_/_r_u_n 562253883Ssjg _/_v_a_r_/_t_m_p' 563253883Ssjg 564236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._M_E_T_A_._P_R_E_F_I_X 565236769Sobrien Defines the message printed for each meta file updated in 566236769Sobrien "meta verbose" mode. The default value is: 567236769Sobrien Building ${.TARGET:H:tA}/${.TARGET:T} 568236769Sobrien 569236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_O_V_E_R_R_I_D_E_S This variable is used to record the names of variables 570236769Sobrien assigned to on the command line, so that they may be 571236769Sobrien exported as part of `MAKEFLAGS'. This behaviour can be 572236769Sobrien disabled by assigning an empty value to `_._M_A_K_E_O_V_E_R_R_I_D_E_S' 573236769Sobrien within a makefile. Extra variables can be exported from 574236769Sobrien a makefile by appending their names to `_._M_A_K_E_O_V_E_R_R_I_D_E_S'. 575236769Sobrien `MAKEFLAGS' is re-exported whenever `_._M_A_K_E_O_V_E_R_R_I_D_E_S' is 576236769Sobrien modified. 577236769Sobrien 578249033Ssjg _._M_A_K_E_._P_A_T_H___F_I_L_E_M_O_N 579249033Ssjg If bbmmaakkee was built with filemon(4) support, this is set 580249033Ssjg to the path of the device node. This allows makefiles to 581249033Ssjg test for this support. 582249033Ssjg 583236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._P_I_D The process-id of bbmmaakkee. 584236769Sobrien 585236769Sobrien _._M_A_K_E_._P_P_I_D The parent process-id of bbmmaakkee. 586236769Sobrien 587236769Sobrien _M_A_K_E___P_R_I_N_T___V_A_R___O_N___E_R_R_O_R 588236769Sobrien When bbmmaakkee stops due to an error, it prints its name and 589236769Sobrien the value of `_._C_U_R_D_I_R' as well as the value of any vari- 590236769Sobrien ables named in `_M_A_K_E___P_R_I_N_T___V_A_R___O_N___E_R_R_O_R'. 591236769Sobrien 592236769Sobrien _._n_e_w_l_i_n_e This variable is simply assigned a newline character as 593236769Sobrien its value. This allows expansions using the ::@@ modifier 594236769Sobrien to put a newline between iterations of the loop rather 595236769Sobrien than a space. For example, the printing of 596236769Sobrien `_M_A_K_E___P_R_I_N_T___V_A_R___O_N___E_R_R_O_R' could be done as 597236769Sobrien ${MAKE_PRINT_VAR_ON_ERROR:@v@$v='${$v}'${.newline}@}. 598236769Sobrien 599236769Sobrien _._O_B_J_D_I_R A path to the directory where the targets are built. Its 600236769Sobrien value is determined by trying to chdir(2) to the follow- 601236769Sobrien ing directories in order and using the first match: 602236769Sobrien 603236769Sobrien 1. ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR} 604236769Sobrien 605236769Sobrien (Only if `MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX' is set in the environ- 606236769Sobrien ment or on the command line.) 607236769Sobrien 608236769Sobrien 2. ${MAKEOBJDIR} 609236769Sobrien 610236769Sobrien (Only if `MAKEOBJDIR' is set in the environment or 611236769Sobrien on the command line.) 612236769Sobrien 613236769Sobrien 3. ${.CURDIR}_/_o_b_j_.${MACHINE} 614236769Sobrien 615236769Sobrien 4. ${.CURDIR}_/_o_b_j 616236769Sobrien 617236769Sobrien 5. _/_u_s_r_/_o_b_j_/${.CURDIR} 618236769Sobrien 619236769Sobrien 6. ${.CURDIR} 620236769Sobrien 621236769Sobrien Variable expansion is performed on the value before it's 622236769Sobrien used, so expressions such as 623236769Sobrien ${.CURDIR:S,^/usr/src,/var/obj,} 624236769Sobrien may be used. This is especially useful with 625236769Sobrien `MAKEOBJDIR'. 626236769Sobrien 627236769Sobrien `_._O_B_J_D_I_R' may be modified in the makefile as a global 628236769Sobrien variable. In all cases, bbmmaakkee will chdir(2) to `_._O_B_J_D_I_R' 629236769Sobrien and set `PWD' to that directory before executing any tar- 630236769Sobrien gets. 631236769Sobrien 632236769Sobrien _._P_A_R_S_E_D_I_R A path to the directory of the current `_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e' being 633236769Sobrien parsed. 634236769Sobrien 635236769Sobrien _._P_A_R_S_E_F_I_L_E The basename of the current `_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e' being parsed. 636236769Sobrien This variable and `_._P_A_R_S_E_D_I_R' are both set only while the 637236769Sobrien `_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e_s' are being parsed. If you want to retain 638236769Sobrien their current values, assign them to a variable using 639236769Sobrien assignment with expansion: (`::=='). 640236769Sobrien 641236769Sobrien _._P_A_T_H A variable that represents the list of directories that 642236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee will search for files. The search list should be 643236769Sobrien updated using the target `_._P_A_T_H' rather than the vari- 644236769Sobrien able. 645236769Sobrien 646236769Sobrien PWD Alternate path to the current directory. bbmmaakkee normally 647236769Sobrien sets `_._C_U_R_D_I_R' to the canonical path given by getcwd(3). 648236769Sobrien However, if the environment variable `PWD' is set and 649236769Sobrien gives a path to the current directory, then bbmmaakkee sets 650236769Sobrien `_._C_U_R_D_I_R' to the value of `PWD' instead. This behaviour 651236769Sobrien is disabled if `MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX' is set or `MAKEOBJDIR' 652236769Sobrien contains a variable transform. `PWD' is set to the value 653236769Sobrien of `_._O_B_J_D_I_R' for all programs which bbmmaakkee executes. 654236769Sobrien 655236769Sobrien .TARGETS The list of targets explicitly specified on the command 656236769Sobrien line, if any. 657236769Sobrien 658236769Sobrien VPATH Colon-separated (``:'') lists of directories that bbmmaakkee 659236769Sobrien will search for files. The variable is supported for 660236769Sobrien compatibility with old make programs only, use `_._P_A_T_H' 661236769Sobrien instead. 662236769Sobrien 663236769Sobrien VVaarriiaabbllee mmooddiiffiieerrss 664236769Sobrien Variable expansion may be modified to select or modify each word of the 665236769Sobrien variable (where a ``word'' is white-space delimited sequence of charac- 666236769Sobrien ters). The general format of a variable expansion is as follows: 667236769Sobrien 668236769Sobrien ${variable[:modifier[:...]]} 669236769Sobrien 670236769Sobrien Each modifier begins with a colon, which may be escaped with a backslash 671236769Sobrien (`\'). 672236769Sobrien 673236769Sobrien A set of modifiers can be specified via a variable, as follows: 674236769Sobrien 675236769Sobrien modifier_variable=modifier[:...] 676236769Sobrien ${variable:${modifier_variable}[:...]} 677236769Sobrien 678236769Sobrien In this case the first modifier in the modifier_variable does not start 679236769Sobrien with a colon, since that must appear in the referencing variable. If any 680236769Sobrien of the modifiers in the modifier_variable contain a dollar sign (`$'), 681236769Sobrien these must be doubled to avoid early expansion. 682236769Sobrien 683236769Sobrien The supported modifiers are: 684236769Sobrien 685236769Sobrien ::EE Replaces each word in the variable with its suffix. 686236769Sobrien 687236769Sobrien ::HH Replaces each word in the variable with everything but the last com- 688236769Sobrien ponent. 689236769Sobrien 690236769Sobrien ::MM_p_a_t_t_e_r_n 691236769Sobrien Select only those words that match _p_a_t_t_e_r_n. The standard shell 692236769Sobrien wildcard characters (`*', `?', and `[]') may be used. The wildcard 693236769Sobrien characters may be escaped with a backslash (`\'). 694236769Sobrien 695236769Sobrien ::NN_p_a_t_t_e_r_n 696236769Sobrien This is identical to `::MM', but selects all words which do not match 697236769Sobrien _p_a_t_t_e_r_n. 698236769Sobrien 699236769Sobrien ::OO Order every word in variable alphabetically. To sort words in 700236769Sobrien reverse order use the `::OO::[[--11....11]]' combination of modifiers. 701236769Sobrien 702236769Sobrien ::OOxx Randomize words in variable. The results will be different each 703236769Sobrien time you are referring to the modified variable; use the assignment 704236769Sobrien with expansion (`::==') to prevent such behaviour. For example, 705236769Sobrien 706236769Sobrien LIST= uno due tre quattro 707236769Sobrien RANDOM_LIST= ${LIST:Ox} 708236769Sobrien STATIC_RANDOM_LIST:= ${LIST:Ox} 709236769Sobrien 710236769Sobrien all: 711236769Sobrien @echo "${RANDOM_LIST}" 712236769Sobrien @echo "${RANDOM_LIST}" 713236769Sobrien @echo "${STATIC_RANDOM_LIST}" 714236769Sobrien @echo "${STATIC_RANDOM_LIST}" 715236769Sobrien may produce output similar to: 716236769Sobrien 717236769Sobrien quattro due tre uno 718236769Sobrien tre due quattro uno 719236769Sobrien due uno quattro tre 720236769Sobrien due uno quattro tre 721236769Sobrien 722236769Sobrien ::QQ Quotes every shell meta-character in the variable, so that it can be 723236769Sobrien passed safely through recursive invocations of bbmmaakkee. 724236769Sobrien 725236769Sobrien ::RR Replaces each word in the variable with everything but its suffix. 726236769Sobrien 727236769Sobrien ::ggmmttiimmee 728236769Sobrien The value is a format string for strftime(3), using the current 729236769Sobrien gmtime(3). 730236769Sobrien 731236769Sobrien ::hhaasshh 732236769Sobrien Compute a 32bit hash of the value and encode it as hex digits. 733236769Sobrien 734236769Sobrien ::llooccaallttiimmee 735236769Sobrien The value is a format string for strftime(3), using the current 736236769Sobrien localtime(3). 737236769Sobrien 738236769Sobrien ::ttAA Attempt to convert variable to an absolute path using realpath(3), 739236769Sobrien if that fails, the value is unchanged. 740236769Sobrien 741236769Sobrien ::ttll Converts variable to lower-case letters. 742236769Sobrien 743236769Sobrien ::ttss_c 744236769Sobrien Words in the variable are normally separated by a space on expan- 745236769Sobrien sion. This modifier sets the separator to the character _c. If _c is 746236769Sobrien omitted, then no separator is used. The common escapes (including 747236769Sobrien octal numeric codes), work as expected. 748236769Sobrien 749236769Sobrien ::ttuu Converts variable to upper-case letters. 750236769Sobrien 751236769Sobrien ::ttWW Causes the value to be treated as a single word (possibly containing 752236769Sobrien embedded white space). See also `::[[**]]'. 753236769Sobrien 754236769Sobrien ::ttww Causes the value to be treated as a sequence of words delimited by 755236769Sobrien white space. See also `::[[@@]]'. 756236769Sobrien 757236769Sobrien ::SS/_o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g/_n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g/[11ggWW] 758236769Sobrien Modify the first occurrence of _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g in the variable's value, 759236769Sobrien replacing it with _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g. If a `g' is appended to the last 760236769Sobrien slash of the pattern, all occurrences in each word are replaced. If 761236769Sobrien a `1' is appended to the last slash of the pattern, only the first 762236769Sobrien word is affected. If a `W' is appended to the last slash of the 763236769Sobrien pattern, then the value is treated as a single word (possibly con- 764236769Sobrien taining embedded white space). If _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g begins with a caret 765236769Sobrien (`^'), _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g is anchored at the beginning of each word. If 766236769Sobrien _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g ends with a dollar sign (`$'), it is anchored at the end 767236769Sobrien of each word. Inside _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g, an ampersand (`&') is replaced by 768236769Sobrien _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g (without any `^' or `$'). Any character may be used as a 769236769Sobrien delimiter for the parts of the modifier string. The anchoring, 770236769Sobrien ampersand and delimiter characters may be escaped with a backslash 771236769Sobrien (`\'). 772236769Sobrien 773236769Sobrien Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both 774236769Sobrien _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g and _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g with the single exception that a backslash 775236769Sobrien is used to prevent the expansion of a dollar sign (`$'), not a pre- 776236769Sobrien ceding dollar sign as is usual. 777236769Sobrien 778236769Sobrien ::CC/_p_a_t_t_e_r_n/_r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t/[11ggWW] 779236769Sobrien The ::CC modifier is just like the ::SS modifier except that the old and 780236769Sobrien new strings, instead of being simple strings, are a regular expres- 781236769Sobrien sion (see regex(3)) string _p_a_t_t_e_r_n and an ed(1)-style string 782236769Sobrien _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t. Normally, the first occurrence of the pattern _p_a_t_t_e_r_n 783236769Sobrien in each word of the value is substituted with _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t. The `1' 784236769Sobrien modifier causes the substitution to apply to at most one word; the 785236769Sobrien `g' modifier causes the substitution to apply to as many instances 786236769Sobrien of the search pattern _p_a_t_t_e_r_n as occur in the word or words it is 787236769Sobrien found in; the `W' modifier causes the value to be treated as a sin- 788236769Sobrien gle word (possibly containing embedded white space). Note that `1' 789236769Sobrien and `g' are orthogonal; the former specifies whether multiple words 790236769Sobrien are potentially affected, the latter whether multiple substitutions 791236769Sobrien can potentially occur within each affected word. 792236769Sobrien 793236769Sobrien ::TT Replaces each word in the variable with its last component. 794236769Sobrien 795236769Sobrien ::uu Remove adjacent duplicate words (like uniq(1)). 796236769Sobrien 797236769Sobrien ::??_t_r_u_e___s_t_r_i_n_g::_f_a_l_s_e___s_t_r_i_n_g 798236769Sobrien If the variable name (not its value), when parsed as a .if condi- 799236769Sobrien tional expression, evaluates to true, return as its value the 800236769Sobrien _t_r_u_e___s_t_r_i_n_g, otherwise return the _f_a_l_s_e___s_t_r_i_n_g. Since the variable 801236769Sobrien name is used as the expression, :? must be the first modifier after 802236769Sobrien the variable name itself - which will, of course, usually contain 803236769Sobrien variable expansions. A common error is trying to use expressions 804236769Sobrien like 805236769Sobrien ${NUMBERS:M42:?match:no} 806236769Sobrien which actually tests defined(NUMBERS), to determine is any words 807236769Sobrien match "42" you need to use something like: 808236769Sobrien ${"${NUMBERS:M42}" != "":?match:no}. 809236769Sobrien 810236769Sobrien _:_o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g_=_n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g 811236769Sobrien This is the AT&T System V UNIX style variable substitution. It must 812236769Sobrien be the last modifier specified. If _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g or _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g do not 813236769Sobrien contain the pattern matching character _% then it is assumed that 814236769Sobrien they are anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or 815236769Sobrien entire words may be replaced. Otherwise _% is the substring of 816236769Sobrien _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g to be replaced in _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g. 817236769Sobrien 818236769Sobrien Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both 819236769Sobrien _o_l_d___s_t_r_i_n_g and _n_e_w___s_t_r_i_n_g with the single exception that a backslash 820236769Sobrien is used to prevent the expansion of a dollar sign (`$'), not a pre- 821236769Sobrien ceding dollar sign as is usual. 822236769Sobrien 823236769Sobrien ::@@_t_e_m_p@@_s_t_r_i_n_g@@ 824236769Sobrien This is the loop expansion mechanism from the OSF Development Envi- 825236769Sobrien ronment (ODE) make. Unlike ..ffoorr loops expansion occurs at the time 826236769Sobrien of reference. Assign _t_e_m_p to each word in the variable and evaluate 827236769Sobrien _s_t_r_i_n_g. The ODE convention is that _t_e_m_p should start and end with a 828236769Sobrien period. For example. 829236769Sobrien ${LINKS:@.LINK.@${LN} ${TARGET} ${.LINK.}@} 830236769Sobrien 831253883Ssjg However a single character variable is often more readable: 832236769Sobrien ${MAKE_PRINT_VAR_ON_ERROR:@v@$v='${$v}'${.newline}@} 833236769Sobrien 834236769Sobrien ::UU_n_e_w_v_a_l 835236769Sobrien If the variable is undefined _n_e_w_v_a_l is the value. If the variable 836236769Sobrien is defined, the existing value is returned. This is another ODE 837236769Sobrien make feature. It is handy for setting per-target CFLAGS for 838236769Sobrien instance: 839236769Sobrien ${_${.TARGET:T}_CFLAGS:U${DEF_CFLAGS}} 840236769Sobrien If a value is only required if the variable is undefined, use: 841236769Sobrien ${VAR:D:Unewval} 842236769Sobrien 843236769Sobrien ::DD_n_e_w_v_a_l 844236769Sobrien If the variable is defined _n_e_w_v_a_l is the value. 845236769Sobrien 846236769Sobrien ::LL The name of the variable is the value. 847236769Sobrien 848236769Sobrien ::PP The path of the node which has the same name as the variable is the 849236769Sobrien value. If no such node exists or its path is null, then the name of 850236769Sobrien the variable is used. In order for this modifier to work, the name 851236769Sobrien (node) must at least have appeared on the rhs of a dependency. 852236769Sobrien 853236769Sobrien ::!!_c_m_d!! 854236769Sobrien The output of running _c_m_d is the value. 855236769Sobrien 856236769Sobrien ::sshh If the variable is non-empty it is run as a command and the output 857236769Sobrien becomes the new value. 858236769Sobrien 859236769Sobrien ::::==_s_t_r 860236769Sobrien The variable is assigned the value _s_t_r after substitution. This 861236769Sobrien modifier and its variations are useful in obscure situations such as 862236769Sobrien wanting to set a variable when shell commands are being parsed. 863236769Sobrien These assignment modifiers always expand to nothing, so if appearing 864236769Sobrien in a rule line by themselves should be preceded with something to 865236769Sobrien keep bbmmaakkee happy. 866236769Sobrien 867236769Sobrien The `::::' helps avoid false matches with the AT&T System V UNIX style 868236769Sobrien ::== modifier and since substitution always occurs the ::::== form is 869236769Sobrien vaguely appropriate. 870236769Sobrien 871236769Sobrien ::::??==_s_t_r 872236769Sobrien As for ::::== but only if the variable does not already have a value. 873236769Sobrien 874236769Sobrien ::::++==_s_t_r 875236769Sobrien Append _s_t_r to the variable. 876236769Sobrien 877236769Sobrien ::::!!==_c_m_d 878236769Sobrien Assign the output of _c_m_d to the variable. 879236769Sobrien 880236769Sobrien ::[[_r_a_n_g_e]] 881236769Sobrien Selects one or more words from the value, or performs other opera- 882236769Sobrien tions related to the way in which the value is divided into words. 883236769Sobrien 884236769Sobrien Ordinarily, a value is treated as a sequence of words delimited by 885236769Sobrien white space. Some modifiers suppress this behaviour, causing a 886236769Sobrien value to be treated as a single word (possibly containing embedded 887236769Sobrien white space). An empty value, or a value that consists entirely of 888236769Sobrien white-space, is treated as a single word. For the purposes of the 889236769Sobrien `::[[]]' modifier, the words are indexed both forwards using positive 890236769Sobrien integers (where index 1 represents the first word), and backwards 891236769Sobrien using negative integers (where index -1 represents the last word). 892236769Sobrien 893236769Sobrien The _r_a_n_g_e is subjected to variable expansion, and the expanded 894236769Sobrien result is then interpreted as follows: 895236769Sobrien 896236769Sobrien _i_n_d_e_x Selects a single word from the value. 897236769Sobrien 898236769Sobrien _s_t_a_r_t...._e_n_d 899236769Sobrien Selects all words from _s_t_a_r_t to _e_n_d, inclusive. For example, 900236769Sobrien `::[[22....--11]]' selects all words from the second word to the last 901236769Sobrien word. If _s_t_a_r_t is greater than _e_n_d, then the words are out- 902236769Sobrien put in reverse order. For example, `::[[--11....11]]' selects all 903236769Sobrien the words from last to first. 904236769Sobrien 905236769Sobrien ** Causes subsequent modifiers to treat the value as a single 906236769Sobrien word (possibly containing embedded white space). Analogous 907236769Sobrien to the effect of "$*" in Bourne shell. 908236769Sobrien 909236769Sobrien 0 Means the same as `::[[**]]'. 910236769Sobrien 911236769Sobrien @@ Causes subsequent modifiers to treat the value as a sequence 912236769Sobrien of words delimited by white space. Analogous to the effect 913236769Sobrien of "$@" in Bourne shell. 914236769Sobrien 915236769Sobrien ## Returns the number of words in the value. 916236769Sobrien 917236769SobrienIINNCCLLUUDDEE SSTTAATTEEMMEENNTTSS,, CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALLSS AANNDD FFOORR LLOOOOPPSS 918236769Sobrien Makefile inclusion, conditional structures and for loops reminiscent of 919236769Sobrien the C programming language are provided in bbmmaakkee. All such structures 920236769Sobrien are identified by a line beginning with a single dot (`.') character. 921236769Sobrien Files are included with either ..iinncclluuddee <_f_i_l_e> or ..iinncclluuddee "_f_i_l_e". Vari- 922236769Sobrien ables between the angle brackets or double quotes are expanded to form 923236769Sobrien the file name. If angle brackets are used, the included makefile is 924236769Sobrien expected to be in the system makefile directory. If double quotes are 925236769Sobrien used, the including makefile's directory and any directories specified 926236769Sobrien using the --II option are searched before the system makefile directory. 927236769Sobrien For compatibility with other versions of bbmmaakkee `include file ...' is also 928236769Sobrien accepted. If the include statement is written as ..--iinncclluuddee or as 929236769Sobrien ..ssiinncclluuddee then errors locating and/or opening include files are ignored. 930236769Sobrien 931236769Sobrien Conditional expressions are also preceded by a single dot as the first 932236769Sobrien character of a line. The possible conditionals are as follows: 933236769Sobrien 934236769Sobrien ..eerrrroorr _m_e_s_s_a_g_e 935236769Sobrien The message is printed along with the name of the makefile and 936236769Sobrien line number, then bbmmaakkee will exit. 937236769Sobrien 938236769Sobrien ..eexxppoorrtt _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._. 939236769Sobrien Export the specified global variable. If no variable list is 940236769Sobrien provided, all globals are exported except for internal variables 941236769Sobrien (those that start with `.'). This is not affected by the --XX 942236769Sobrien flag, so should be used with caution. For compatibility with 943236769Sobrien other bbmmaakkee programs `export variable=value' is also accepted. 944236769Sobrien 945236769Sobrien Appending a variable name to _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_O_R_T_E_D is equivalent to 946236769Sobrien exporting a variable. 947236769Sobrien 948236769Sobrien ..eexxppoorrtt--eennvv _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._. 949236769Sobrien The same as `.export', except that the variable is not appended 950236769Sobrien to _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_O_R_T_E_D. This allows exporting a value to the environ- 951236769Sobrien ment which is different from that used by bbmmaakkee internally. 952236769Sobrien 953236769Sobrien ..iinnffoo _m_e_s_s_a_g_e 954236769Sobrien The message is printed along with the name of the makefile and 955236769Sobrien line number. 956236769Sobrien 957236769Sobrien ..uunnddeeff _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e 958236769Sobrien Un-define the specified global variable. Only global variables 959236769Sobrien may be un-defined. 960236769Sobrien 961236769Sobrien ..uunneexxppoorrtt _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._. 962236769Sobrien The opposite of `.export'. The specified global _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e will be 963236769Sobrien removed from _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_O_R_T_E_D. If no variable list is provided, 964236769Sobrien all globals are unexported, and _._M_A_K_E_._E_X_P_O_R_T_E_D deleted. 965236769Sobrien 966236769Sobrien ..uunneexxppoorrtt--eennvv 967236769Sobrien Unexport all globals previously exported and clear the environ- 968236769Sobrien ment inherited from the parent. This operation will cause a mem- 969236769Sobrien ory leak of the original environment, so should be used spar- 970236769Sobrien ingly. Testing for _._M_A_K_E_._L_E_V_E_L being 0, would make sense. Also 971236769Sobrien note that any variables which originated in the parent environ- 972236769Sobrien ment should be explicitly preserved if desired. For example: 973236769Sobrien 974236769Sobrien .if ${.MAKE.LEVEL} == 0 975236769Sobrien PATH := ${PATH} 976236769Sobrien .unexport-env 977236769Sobrien .export PATH 978236769Sobrien .endif 979236769Sobrien 980236769Sobrien Would result in an environment containing only `PATH', which is 981236769Sobrien the minimal useful environment. Actually `.MAKE.LEVEL' will also 982236769Sobrien be pushed into the new environment. 983236769Sobrien 984236769Sobrien ..wwaarrnniinngg _m_e_s_s_a_g_e 985236769Sobrien The message prefixed by `_w_a_r_n_i_n_g_:' is printed along with the name 986236769Sobrien of the makefile and line number. 987236769Sobrien 988236769Sobrien ..iiff [!]_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n _._._.] 989236769Sobrien Test the value of an expression. 990236769Sobrien 991236769Sobrien ..iiffddeeff [!]_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._.] 992236769Sobrien Test the value of a variable. 993236769Sobrien 994236769Sobrien ..iiffnnddeeff [!]_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._.] 995236769Sobrien Test the value of a variable. 996236769Sobrien 997236769Sobrien ..iiffmmaakkee [!]_t_a_r_g_e_t [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _t_a_r_g_e_t _._._.] 998236769Sobrien Test the target being built. 999236769Sobrien 1000236769Sobrien ..iiffnnmmaakkee [!] _t_a_r_g_e_t [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _t_a_r_g_e_t _._._.] 1001236769Sobrien Test the target being built. 1002236769Sobrien 1003236769Sobrien ..eellssee Reverse the sense of the last conditional. 1004236769Sobrien 1005236769Sobrien ..eelliiff [!] _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n _._._.] 1006236769Sobrien A combination of `..eellssee' followed by `..iiff'. 1007236769Sobrien 1008236769Sobrien ..eelliiffddeeff [!]_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._.] 1009236769Sobrien A combination of `..eellssee' followed by `..iiffddeeff'. 1010236769Sobrien 1011236769Sobrien ..eelliiffnnddeeff [!]_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._.] 1012236769Sobrien A combination of `..eellssee' followed by `..iiffnnddeeff'. 1013236769Sobrien 1014236769Sobrien ..eelliiffmmaakkee [!]_t_a_r_g_e_t [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _t_a_r_g_e_t _._._.] 1015236769Sobrien A combination of `..eellssee' followed by `..iiffmmaakkee'. 1016236769Sobrien 1017236769Sobrien ..eelliiffnnmmaakkee [!]_t_a_r_g_e_t [_o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _t_a_r_g_e_t _._._.] 1018236769Sobrien A combination of `..eellssee' followed by `..iiffnnmmaakkee'. 1019236769Sobrien 1020236769Sobrien ..eennddiiff End the body of the conditional. 1021236769Sobrien 1022236769Sobrien The _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r may be any one of the following: 1023236769Sobrien 1024236769Sobrien |||| Logical OR. 1025236769Sobrien 1026236769Sobrien &&&& Logical AND; of higher precedence than ``||''. 1027236769Sobrien 1028236769Sobrien As in C, bbmmaakkee will only evaluate a conditional as far as is necessary to 1029236769Sobrien determine its value. Parentheses may be used to change the order of 1030236769Sobrien evaluation. The boolean operator `!!' may be used to logically negate an 1031236769Sobrien entire conditional. It is of higher precedence than `&&&&'. 1032236769Sobrien 1033236769Sobrien The value of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n may be any of the following: 1034236769Sobrien 1035236769Sobrien ddeeffiinneedd Takes a variable name as an argument and evaluates to true if 1036236769Sobrien the variable has been defined. 1037236769Sobrien 1038236769Sobrien mmaakkee Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the 1039236769Sobrien target was specified as part of bbmmaakkee's command line or was 1040236769Sobrien declared the default target (either implicitly or explicitly, 1041236769Sobrien see _._M_A_I_N) before the line containing the conditional. 1042236769Sobrien 1043236769Sobrien eemmppttyy Takes a variable, with possible modifiers, and evaluates to true 1044236769Sobrien if the expansion of the variable would result in an empty 1045236769Sobrien string. 1046236769Sobrien 1047236769Sobrien eexxiissttss Takes a file name as an argument and evaluates to true if the 1048236769Sobrien file exists. The file is searched for on the system search path 1049236769Sobrien (see _._P_A_T_H). 1050236769Sobrien 1051236769Sobrien ttaarrggeett Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the 1052236769Sobrien target has been defined. 1053236769Sobrien 1054236769Sobrien ccoommmmaannddss 1055236769Sobrien Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the 1056236769Sobrien target has been defined and has commands associated with it. 1057236769Sobrien 1058236769Sobrien _E_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n may also be an arithmetic or string comparison. Variable 1059236769Sobrien expansion is performed on both sides of the comparison, after which the 1060236769Sobrien integral values are compared. A value is interpreted as hexadecimal if 1061236769Sobrien it is preceded by 0x, otherwise it is decimal; octal numbers are not sup- 1062236769Sobrien ported. The standard C relational operators are all supported. If after 1063236769Sobrien variable expansion, either the left or right hand side of a `====' or `!!==' 1064236769Sobrien operator is not an integral value, then string comparison is performed 1065236769Sobrien between the expanded variables. If no relational operator is given, it 1066236769Sobrien is assumed that the expanded variable is being compared against 0 or an 1067236769Sobrien empty string in the case of a string comparison. 1068236769Sobrien 1069236769Sobrien When bbmmaakkee is evaluating one of these conditional expressions, and it 1070236769Sobrien encounters a (white-space separated) word it doesn't recognize, either 1071236769Sobrien the ``make'' or ``defined'' expression is applied to it, depending on the 1072236769Sobrien form of the conditional. If the form is `..iiffddeeff', `..iiffnnddeeff', or `..iiff' 1073236769Sobrien the ``defined'' expression is applied. Similarly, if the form is 1074236769Sobrien `..iiffmmaakkee' or `..iiffnnmmaakkee, tthhee' ``make'' expression is applied. 1075236769Sobrien 1076236769Sobrien If the conditional evaluates to true the parsing of the makefile contin- 1077236769Sobrien ues as before. If it evaluates to false, the following lines are 1078236769Sobrien skipped. In both cases this continues until a `..eellssee' or `..eennddiiff' is 1079236769Sobrien found. 1080236769Sobrien 1081236769Sobrien For loops are typically used to apply a set of rules to a list of files. 1082236769Sobrien The syntax of a for loop is: 1083236769Sobrien 1084236769Sobrien ..ffoorr _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e [_v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e _._._.] iinn _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n 1085236769Sobrien <make-rules> 1086236769Sobrien ..eennddffoorr 1087236769Sobrien 1088236769Sobrien After the for eexxpprreessssiioonn is evaluated, it is split into words. On each 1089236769Sobrien iteration of the loop, one word is taken and assigned to each vvaarriiaabbllee, 1090236769Sobrien in order, and these vvaarriiaabblleess are substituted into the mmaakkee--rruulleess inside 1091236769Sobrien the body of the for loop. The number of words must come out even; that 1092236769Sobrien is, if there are three iteration variables, the number of words provided 1093236769Sobrien must be a multiple of three. 1094236769Sobrien 1095236769SobrienCCOOMMMMEENNTTSS 1096236769Sobrien Comments begin with a hash (`#') character, anywhere but in a shell com- 1097236769Sobrien mand line, and continue to the end of an unescaped new line. 1098236769Sobrien 1099236769SobrienSSPPEECCIIAALL SSOOUURRCCEESS ((AATTTTRRIIBBUUTTEESS)) 1100236769Sobrien ..EEXXEECC Target is never out of date, but always execute commands any- 1101236769Sobrien way. 1102236769Sobrien 1103236769Sobrien ..IIGGNNOORREE Ignore any errors from the commands associated with this tar- 1104236769Sobrien get, exactly as if they all were preceded by a dash (`-'). 1105236769Sobrien 1106236769Sobrien ..MMAADDEE Mark all sources of this target as being up-to-date. 1107236769Sobrien 1108236769Sobrien ..MMAAKKEE Execute the commands associated with this target even if the --nn 1109236769Sobrien or --tt options were specified. Normally used to mark recursive 1110236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee's. 1111236769Sobrien 1112236769Sobrien ..MMEETTAA Create a meta file for the target, even if it is flagged as 1113236769Sobrien ..PPHHOONNYY, ..MMAAKKEE, or ..SSPPEECCIIAALL. Usage in conjunction with ..MMAAKKEE is 1114236769Sobrien the most likely case. In "meta" mode, the target is out-of- 1115236769Sobrien date if the meta file is missing. 1116236769Sobrien 1117236769Sobrien ..NNOOMMEETTAA Do not create a meta file for the target. Meta files are also 1118236769Sobrien not created for ..PPHHOONNYY, ..MMAAKKEE, or ..SSPPEECCIIAALL targets. 1119236769Sobrien 1120236769Sobrien ..NNOOMMEETTAA__CCMMPP 1121236769Sobrien Ignore differences in commands when deciding if target is out 1122236769Sobrien of date. This is useful if the command contains a value which 1123236769Sobrien always changes. If the number of commands change, though, the 1124249033Ssjg target will still be out of date. The same effect applies to 1125249033Ssjg any command line that uses the variable _._O_O_D_A_T_E, which can be 1126249033Ssjg used for that purpose even when not otherwise needed or 1127249033Ssjg desired: 1128236769Sobrien 1129249033Ssjg 1130249033Ssjg skip-compare-for-some: 1131249033Ssjg @echo this will be compared 1132249033Ssjg @echo this will not ${.OODATE:M.NOMETA_CMP} 1133249033Ssjg @echo this will also be compared 1134249033Ssjg 1135249033Ssjg The ::MM pattern suppresses any expansion of the unwanted vari- 1136249033Ssjg able. 1137249033Ssjg 1138236769Sobrien ..NNOOPPAATTHH Do not search for the target in the directories specified by 1139236769Sobrien ..PPAATTHH. 1140236769Sobrien 1141236769Sobrien ..NNOOTTMMAAIINN Normally bbmmaakkee selects the first target it encounters as the 1142236769Sobrien default target to be built if no target was specified. This 1143236769Sobrien source prevents this target from being selected. 1144236769Sobrien 1145236769Sobrien ..OOPPTTIIOONNAALL 1146236769Sobrien If a target is marked with this attribute and bbmmaakkee can't fig- 1147236769Sobrien ure out how to create it, it will ignore this fact and assume 1148236769Sobrien the file isn't needed or already exists. 1149236769Sobrien 1150236769Sobrien ..PPHHOONNYY The target does not correspond to an actual file; it is always 1151236769Sobrien considered to be out of date, and will not be created with the 1152236769Sobrien --tt option. Suffix-transformation rules are not applied to 1153236769Sobrien ..PPHHOONNYY targets. 1154236769Sobrien 1155236769Sobrien ..PPRREECCIIOOUUSS 1156236769Sobrien When bbmmaakkee is interrupted, it normally removes any partially 1157236769Sobrien made targets. This source prevents the target from being 1158236769Sobrien removed. 1159236769Sobrien 1160236769Sobrien ..RREECCUURRSSIIVVEE 1161236769Sobrien Synonym for ..MMAAKKEE. 1162236769Sobrien 1163236769Sobrien ..SSIILLEENNTT Do not echo any of the commands associated with this target, 1164236769Sobrien exactly as if they all were preceded by an at sign (`@'). 1165236769Sobrien 1166236769Sobrien ..UUSSEE Turn the target into bbmmaakkee's version of a macro. When the tar- 1167236769Sobrien get is used as a source for another target, the other target 1168236769Sobrien acquires the commands, sources, and attributes (except for 1169236769Sobrien ..UUSSEE) of the source. If the target already has commands, the 1170236769Sobrien ..UUSSEE target's commands are appended to them. 1171236769Sobrien 1172236769Sobrien ..UUSSEEBBEEFFOORREE 1173236769Sobrien Exactly like ..UUSSEE, but prepend the ..UUSSEEBBEEFFOORREE target commands 1174236769Sobrien to the target. 1175236769Sobrien 1176236769Sobrien ..WWAAIITT If ..WWAAIITT appears in a dependency line, the sources that precede 1177236769Sobrien it are made before the sources that succeed it in the line. 1178236769Sobrien Since the dependents of files are not made until the file 1179236769Sobrien itself could be made, this also stops the dependents being 1180236769Sobrien built unless they are needed for another branch of the depen- 1181236769Sobrien dency tree. So given: 1182236769Sobrien 1183236769Sobrien x: a .WAIT b 1184236769Sobrien echo x 1185236769Sobrien a: 1186236769Sobrien echo a 1187236769Sobrien b: b1 1188236769Sobrien echo b 1189236769Sobrien b1: 1190236769Sobrien echo b1 1191236769Sobrien 1192236769Sobrien the output is always `a', `b1', `b', `x'. 1193236769Sobrien The ordering imposed by ..WWAAIITT is only relevant for parallel 1194236769Sobrien makes. 1195236769Sobrien 1196236769SobrienSSPPEECCIIAALL TTAARRGGEETTSS 1197236769Sobrien Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e. they must be 1198236769Sobrien the only target specified. 1199236769Sobrien 1200236769Sobrien ..BBEEGGIINN Any command lines attached to this target are executed before 1201236769Sobrien anything else is done. 1202236769Sobrien 1203236769Sobrien ..DDEEFFAAUULLTT 1204236769Sobrien This is sort of a ..UUSSEE rule for any target (that was used only 1205236769Sobrien as a source) that bbmmaakkee can't figure out any other way to cre- 1206236769Sobrien ate. Only the shell script is used. The ..IIMMPPSSRRCC variable of a 1207236769Sobrien target that inherits ..DDEEFFAAUULLTT's commands is set to the target's 1208236769Sobrien own name. 1209236769Sobrien 1210236769Sobrien ..EENNDD Any command lines attached to this target are executed after 1211236769Sobrien everything else is done. 1212236769Sobrien 1213236769Sobrien ..EERRRROORR Any command lines attached to this target are executed when 1214236769Sobrien another target fails. The ..EERRRROORR__TTAARRGGEETT variable is set to the 1215236769Sobrien target that failed. See also MMAAKKEE__PPRRIINNTT__VVAARR__OONN__EERRRROORR. 1216236769Sobrien 1217236769Sobrien ..IIGGNNOORREE Mark each of the sources with the ..IIGGNNOORREE attribute. If no 1218236769Sobrien sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the 1219236769Sobrien --ii option. 1220236769Sobrien 1221236769Sobrien ..IINNTTEERRRRUUPPTT 1222236769Sobrien If bbmmaakkee is interrupted, the commands for this target will be 1223236769Sobrien executed. 1224236769Sobrien 1225236769Sobrien ..MMAAIINN If no target is specified when bbmmaakkee is invoked, this target 1226236769Sobrien will be built. 1227236769Sobrien 1228236769Sobrien ..MMAAKKEEFFLLAAGGSS 1229236769Sobrien This target provides a way to specify flags for bbmmaakkee when the 1230236769Sobrien makefile is used. The flags are as if typed to the shell, 1231236769Sobrien though the --ff option will have no effect. 1232236769Sobrien 1233236769Sobrien ..NNOOPPAATTHH Apply the ..NNOOPPAATTHH attribute to any specified sources. 1234236769Sobrien 1235236769Sobrien ..NNOOTTPPAARRAALLLLEELL 1236236769Sobrien Disable parallel mode. 1237236769Sobrien 1238236769Sobrien ..NNOO__PPAARRAALLLLEELL 1239236769Sobrien Synonym for ..NNOOTTPPAARRAALLLLEELL, for compatibility with other pmake 1240236769Sobrien variants. 1241236769Sobrien 1242236769Sobrien ..OORRDDEERR The named targets are made in sequence. This ordering does not 1243236769Sobrien add targets to the list of targets to be made. Since the depen- 1244236769Sobrien dents of a target do not get built until the target itself could 1245236769Sobrien be built, unless `a' is built by another part of the dependency 1246236769Sobrien graph, the following is a dependency loop: 1247236769Sobrien 1248236769Sobrien .ORDER: b a 1249236769Sobrien b: a 1250236769Sobrien 1251236769Sobrien The ordering imposed by ..OORRDDEERR is only relevant for parallel 1252236769Sobrien makes. 1253236769Sobrien 1254236769Sobrien ..PPAATTHH The sources are directories which are to be searched for files 1255236769Sobrien not found in the current directory. If no sources are speci- 1256236769Sobrien fied, any previously specified directories are deleted. If the 1257236769Sobrien source is the special ..DDOOTTLLAASSTT target, then the current working 1258236769Sobrien directory is searched last. 1259236769Sobrien 1260255253Ssjg ..PPAATTHH.._s_u_f_f_i_x 1261255253Ssjg Like ..PPAATTHH but applies only to files with a particular suffix. 1262255253Ssjg The suffix must have been previously declared with ..SSUUFFFFIIXXEESS. 1263255253Ssjg 1264236769Sobrien ..PPHHOONNYY Apply the ..PPHHOONNYY attribute to any specified sources. 1265236769Sobrien 1266236769Sobrien ..PPRREECCIIOOUUSS 1267236769Sobrien Apply the ..PPRREECCIIOOUUSS attribute to any specified sources. If no 1268236769Sobrien sources are specified, the ..PPRREECCIIOOUUSS attribute is applied to 1269236769Sobrien every target in the file. 1270236769Sobrien 1271236769Sobrien ..SSHHEELLLL Sets the shell that bbmmaakkee will use to execute commands. The 1272236769Sobrien sources are a set of _f_i_e_l_d_=_v_a_l_u_e pairs. 1273236769Sobrien 1274236769Sobrien _n_a_m_e This is the minimal specification, used to select 1275236769Sobrien one of the builtin shell specs; _s_h, _k_s_h, and _c_s_h. 1276236769Sobrien 1277236769Sobrien _p_a_t_h Specifies the path to the shell. 1278236769Sobrien 1279236769Sobrien _h_a_s_E_r_r_C_t_l Indicates whether the shell supports exit on error. 1280236769Sobrien 1281236769Sobrien _c_h_e_c_k The command to turn on error checking. 1282236769Sobrien 1283236769Sobrien _i_g_n_o_r_e The command to disable error checking. 1284236769Sobrien 1285236769Sobrien _e_c_h_o The command to turn on echoing of commands executed. 1286236769Sobrien 1287236769Sobrien _q_u_i_e_t The command to turn off echoing of commands exe- 1288236769Sobrien cuted. 1289236769Sobrien 1290236769Sobrien _f_i_l_t_e_r The output to filter after issuing the _q_u_i_e_t com- 1291236769Sobrien mand. It is typically identical to _q_u_i_e_t. 1292236769Sobrien 1293236769Sobrien _e_r_r_F_l_a_g The flag to pass the shell to enable error checking. 1294236769Sobrien 1295236769Sobrien _e_c_h_o_F_l_a_g The flag to pass the shell to enable command echo- 1296236769Sobrien ing. 1297236769Sobrien 1298236769Sobrien _n_e_w_l_i_n_e The string literal to pass the shell that results in 1299236769Sobrien a single newline character when used outside of any 1300236769Sobrien quoting characters. 1301236769Sobrien Example: 1302236769Sobrien 1303236769Sobrien .SHELL: name=ksh path=/bin/ksh hasErrCtl=true \ 1304236769Sobrien check="set -e" ignore="set +e" \ 1305236769Sobrien echo="set -v" quiet="set +v" filter="set +v" \ 1306236769Sobrien echoFlag=v errFlag=e newline="'\n'" 1307236769Sobrien 1308236769Sobrien ..SSIILLEENNTT Apply the ..SSIILLEENNTT attribute to any specified sources. If no 1309236769Sobrien sources are specified, the ..SSIILLEENNTT attribute is applied to every 1310236769Sobrien command in the file. 1311236769Sobrien 1312249033Ssjg ..SSTTAALLEE This target gets run when a dependency file contains stale 1313249033Ssjg entries, having _._A_L_L_S_R_C set to the name of that dependency file. 1314249033Ssjg 1315236769Sobrien ..SSUUFFFFIIXXEESS 1316236769Sobrien Each source specifies a suffix to bbmmaakkee. If no sources are 1317236769Sobrien specified, any previously specified suffixes are deleted. It 1318236769Sobrien allows the creation of suffix-transformation rules. 1319236769Sobrien 1320236769Sobrien Example: 1321236769Sobrien 1322236769Sobrien .SUFFIXES: .o 1323236769Sobrien .c.o: 1324236769Sobrien cc -o ${.TARGET} -c ${.IMPSRC} 1325236769Sobrien 1326236769SobrienEENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT 1327236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee uses the following environment variables, if they exist: MACHINE, 1328236769Sobrien MACHINE_ARCH, MAKE, MAKEFLAGS, MAKEOBJDIR, MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX, MAKESYSPATH, 1329236769Sobrien PWD, and TMPDIR. 1330236769Sobrien 1331236769Sobrien MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX and MAKEOBJDIR may only be set in the environment or on 1332236769Sobrien the command line to bbmmaakkee and not as makefile variables; see the descrip- 1333236769Sobrien tion of `_._O_B_J_D_I_R' for more details. 1334236769Sobrien 1335236769SobrienFFIILLEESS 1336236769Sobrien .depend list of dependencies 1337236769Sobrien Makefile list of dependencies 1338236769Sobrien makefile list of dependencies 1339236769Sobrien sys.mk system makefile 1340236769Sobrien /usr/share/mk system makefile directory 1341236769Sobrien 1342236769SobrienCCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY 1343236769Sobrien The basic make syntax is compatible between different versions of make, 1344236769Sobrien however the special variables, variable modifiers and conditionals are 1345236769Sobrien not. 1346236769Sobrien 1347236769Sobrien The way that parallel makes are scheduled changed in NetBSD 4.0 so that 1348236769Sobrien .ORDER and .WAIT apply recursively to the dependent nodes. The algo- 1349236769Sobrien rithms used may change again in the future. 1350236769Sobrien 1351236769Sobrien The way that .for loop variables are substituted changed after NetBSD 5.0 1352236769Sobrien so that they still appear to be variable expansions. In particular this 1353236769Sobrien stops them being treated as syntax, and removes some obscure problems 1354236769Sobrien using them in .if statements. 1355236769Sobrien 1356236769SobrienSSEEEE AALLSSOO 1357236769Sobrien mkdep(1) 1358236769Sobrien 1359236769SobrienHHIISSTTOORRYY 1360236769Sobrien bbmmaakkee is derived from NetBSD make(1). It uses autoconf to facilitate 1361236769Sobrien portability to other platforms. 1362236769Sobrien 1363242102Ssjg A make command appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX. This make implementation 1364242102Ssjg is based on Adam De Boor's pmake program which was written for Sprite at 1365242102Ssjg Berkeley. It was designed to be a parallel distributed make running jobs 1366242102Ssjg on different machines using a daemon called ``customs''. 1367240330Smarcel 1368253883Ssjg Historically the target/dependency ``FRC'' has been used to FoRCe 1369253883Ssjg rebuilding (since the target/dependency does not exist... unless someone 1370253883Ssjg creates an ``FRC'' file). 1371253883Ssjg 1372242102SsjgBBUUGGSS 1373242102Ssjg The make syntax is difficult to parse without actually acting of the 1374242102Ssjg data. For instance finding the end of a variable use should involve 1375242102Ssjg scanning each the modifiers using the correct terminator for each field. 1376242102Ssjg In many places make just counts {} and () in order to find the end of a 1377242102Ssjg variable expansion. 1378240330Smarcel 1379242102Ssjg There is no way of escaping a space character in a filename. 1380240330Smarcel 1381255253SsjgNetBSD 5.1 August 11, 2013 NetBSD 5.1 1382