ps.c revision 25271 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 *
33 *	$Id: ps.c,v 1.18 1997/03/28 15:24:29 imp Exp $
34 */
35
36#ifndef lint
37static char const copyright[] =
38"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\
39	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40#endif /* not lint */
41
42#ifndef lint
43static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
44#endif /* not lint */
45
46#include <sys/param.h>
47#include <sys/user.h>
48#include <sys/time.h>
49#include <sys/resource.h>
50#include <sys/stat.h>
51#include <sys/ioctl.h>
52#include <sys/sysctl.h>
53
54#include <ctype.h>
55#include <err.h>
56#include <errno.h>
57#include <fcntl.h>
58#include <kvm.h>
59#include <limits.h>
60#include <nlist.h>
61#include <paths.h>
62#include <stdio.h>
63#include <stdlib.h>
64#include <string.h>
65#include <unistd.h>
66#include <locale.h>
67#include <pwd.h>
68
69#include "ps.h"
70
71#ifdef P_PPWAIT
72#define NEWVM
73#endif
74
75KINFO *kinfo;
76struct varent *vhead, *vtail;
77
78int	eval;			/* exit value */
79int	cflag;			/* -c */
80int	rawcpu;			/* -C */
81int	sumrusage;		/* -S */
82int	termwidth;		/* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
83int	totwidth;		/* calculated width of requested variables */
84
85static int needuser, needcomm, needenv;
86
87enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
88
89static char	*fmt __P((char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
90		    KINFO *, char *, int));
91static char	*kludge_oldps_options __P((char *));
92static int	 pscomp __P((const void *, const void *));
93static void	 saveuser __P((KINFO *));
94static void	 scanvars __P((void));
95static void	 dynsizevars __P((KINFO *));
96static void	 sizevars __P((void));
97static void	 usage __P((void));
98
99char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
100char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command";
101char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
102char   o1[] = "pid";
103char   o2[] = "tt state time command";
104char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
105char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
106
107kvm_t *kd;
108
109int
110main(argc, argv)
111	int argc;
112	char *argv[];
113{
114	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
115	struct varent *vent;
116	struct winsize ws;
117	struct passwd *pwd;
118	dev_t ttydev;
119	pid_t pid;
120	uid_t uid;
121	int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, lineno, nentries;
122	int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg;
123	char *nlistf, *memf, *swapf, errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
124
125	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
126
127	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
128	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
129	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO,  TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
130	     ws.ws_col == 0)
131		termwidth = 79;
132	else
133		termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
134
135	if (argc > 1)
136		argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
137
138	all = fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0;
139	pid = -1;
140	uid = (uid_t) -1;
141	ttydev = NODEV;
142	memf = nlistf = swapf = NULL;
143	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
144	    "aCceghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvW:wx")) != -1)
145		switch((char)ch) {
146		case 'a':
147			all = 1;
148			break;
149		case 'C':
150			rawcpu = 1;
151			break;
152		case 'c':
153			cflag = 1;
154			break;
155		case 'e':			/* XXX set ufmt */
156			needenv = 1;
157			break;
158		case 'g':
159			break;			/* no-op */
160		case 'h':
161			prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
162			break;
163		case 'j':
164			parsefmt(jfmt);
165			fmt = 1;
166			jfmt[0] = '\0';
167			break;
168		case 'L':
169			showkey();
170			exit(0);
171		case 'l':
172			parsefmt(lfmt);
173			fmt = 1;
174			lfmt[0] = '\0';
175			break;
176		case 'M':
177			memf = optarg;
178			break;
179		case 'm':
180			sortby = SORTMEM;
181			break;
182		case 'N':
183			nlistf = optarg;
184			break;
185		case 'O':
186			parsefmt(o1);
187			parsefmt(optarg);
188			parsefmt(o2);
189			o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
190			fmt = 1;
191			break;
192		case 'o':
193			parsefmt(optarg);
194			fmt = 1;
195			break;
196		case 'p':
197			pid = atol(optarg);
198			xflg = 1;
199			break;
200		case 'r':
201			sortby = SORTCPU;
202			break;
203		case 'S':
204			sumrusage = 1;
205			break;
206		case 'T':
207			if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
208				errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
209			/* FALLTHROUGH */
210		case 't': {
211			struct stat sb;
212			char *ttypath, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
213
214			if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0)
215				ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
216			else if (*optarg != '/')
217				(void)snprintf(ttypath = pathbuf,
218				    sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg);
219			else
220				ttypath = optarg;
221			if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
222				err(1, "%s", ttypath);
223			if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
224				errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
225			ttydev = sb.st_rdev;
226			break;
227		}
228		case 'U':
229			pwd = getpwnam(optarg);
230			if (pwd == NULL)
231				errx(1, "%s: no such user", optarg);
232			uid = pwd->pw_uid;
233			endpwent();
234			xflg++;		/* XXX: intuitive? */
235			break;
236		case 'u':
237			parsefmt(ufmt);
238			sortby = SORTCPU;
239			fmt = 1;
240			ufmt[0] = '\0';
241			break;
242		case 'v':
243			parsefmt(vfmt);
244			sortby = SORTMEM;
245			fmt = 1;
246			vfmt[0] = '\0';
247			break;
248		case 'W':
249			swapf = optarg;
250			break;
251		case 'w':
252			if (wflag)
253				termwidth = UNLIMITED;
254			else if (termwidth < 131)
255				termwidth = 131;
256			wflag++;
257			break;
258		case 'x':
259			xflg = 1;
260			break;
261		case '?':
262		default:
263			usage();
264		}
265	argc -= optind;
266	argv += optind;
267
268#define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
269#ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
270	if (*argv) {
271		nlistf = *argv;
272		if (*++argv) {
273			memf = *argv;
274			if (*++argv)
275				swapf = *argv;
276		}
277	}
278#endif
279	/*
280	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
281	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
282	 */
283	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL || swapf != NULL)
284		setgid(getgid());
285
286	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, swapf, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
287	if (kd == 0)
288		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
289
290	if (!fmt)
291		parsefmt(dfmt);
292
293	/* XXX - should be cleaner */
294	if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && uid == (uid_t)-1)
295		uid = getuid();
296
297	/*
298	 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
299	 * and adjusting header widths as appropiate.
300	 */
301	scanvars();
302	/*
303	 * get proc list
304	 */
305	if (uid != (uid_t) -1) {
306		what = KERN_PROC_UID;
307		flag = uid;
308	} else if (ttydev != NODEV) {
309		what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
310		flag = ttydev;
311	} else if (pid != -1) {
312		what = KERN_PROC_PID;
313		flag = pid;
314	} else {
315		what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
316		flag = 0;
317	}
318	/*
319	 * select procs
320	 */
321	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == 0)
322		errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
323	if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL)
324		err(1, NULL);
325	for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) {
326		kinfo[i].ki_p = kp;
327		if (needuser)
328			saveuser(&kinfo[i]);
329		dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]);
330	}
331
332	sizevars();
333
334	/*
335	 * print header
336	 */
337	printheader();
338	if (nentries == 0)
339		exit(0);
340	/*
341	 * sort proc list
342	 */
343	qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp);
344	/*
345	 * for each proc, call each variable output function.
346	 */
347	for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
348		if (xflg == 0 && (KI_EPROC(&kinfo[i])->e_tdev == NODEV ||
349		    (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i])->p_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0))
350			continue;
351		for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
352			(vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent);
353			if (vent->next != NULL)
354				(void)putchar(' ');
355		}
356		(void)putchar('\n');
357		if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
358			(void)putchar('\n');
359			printheader();
360			lineno = 0;
361		}
362	}
363	exit(eval);
364}
365
366static void
367scanvars()
368{
369	struct varent *vent;
370	VAR *v;
371
372	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
373		v = vent->var;
374		if (v->flag & DSIZ) {
375			v->dwidth = v->width;
376			v->width = 0;
377		}
378		if (v->flag & USER)
379			needuser = 1;
380		if (v->flag & COMM)
381			needcomm = 1;
382	}
383}
384
385static void
386dynsizevars(ki)
387	KINFO *ki;
388{
389	struct varent *vent;
390	VAR *v;
391	int i;
392
393	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
394		v = vent->var;
395		if (!(v->flag & DSIZ))
396			continue;
397		i = (v->sproc)( ki);
398		if (v->width < i)
399			v->width = i;
400		if (v->width > v->dwidth)
401			v->width = v->dwidth;
402	}
403}
404
405static void
406sizevars()
407{
408	struct varent *vent;
409	VAR *v;
410	int i;
411
412	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
413		v = vent->var;
414		i = strlen(v->header);
415		if (v->width < i)
416			v->width = i;
417		totwidth += v->width + 1;	/* +1 for space */
418	}
419	totwidth--;
420}
421
422static char *
423fmt(fn, ki, comm, maxlen)
424	char **(*fn) __P((kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int));
425	KINFO *ki;
426	char *comm;
427	int maxlen;
428{
429	char *s;
430
431	if ((s =
432	    fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL)
433		err(1, NULL);
434	return (s);
435}
436
437static void
438saveuser(ki)
439	KINFO *ki;
440{
441	struct pstats pstats;
442	struct usave *usp;
443	struct user *u_addr = (struct user *)USRSTACK;
444
445	usp = &ki->ki_u;
446	if (kvm_uread(kd, KI_PROC(ki), (unsigned long)&u_addr->u_stats,
447	    (char *)&pstats, sizeof(pstats)) == sizeof(pstats)) {
448		/*
449		 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get
450		 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap.
451		 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just
452		 * leave them 0.
453		 */
454		usp->u_start = pstats.p_start;
455		usp->u_ru = pstats.p_ru;
456		usp->u_cru = pstats.p_cru;
457		usp->u_valid = 1;
458	} else
459		usp->u_valid = 0;
460	/*
461	 * save arguments if needed
462	 */
463	if (needcomm)
464		ki->ki_args = fmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_PROC(ki)->p_comm,
465		    MAXCOMLEN);
466	else
467		ki->ki_args = NULL;
468	if (needenv)
469		ki->ki_env = fmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0);
470	else
471		ki->ki_env = NULL;
472}
473
474static int
475pscomp(a, b)
476	const void *a, *b;
477{
478	int i;
479#ifdef NEWVM
480#define VSIZE(k) (KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_dsize + KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_ssize + \
481		  KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_tsize)
482#else
483#define VSIZE(k) ((k)->ki_p->p_dsize + (k)->ki_p->p_ssize + (k)->ki_e->e_xsize)
484#endif
485
486	if (sortby == SORTCPU)
487		return (getpcpu((KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((KINFO *)a));
488	if (sortby == SORTMEM)
489		return (VSIZE((KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((KINFO *)a));
490	i =  KI_EPROC((KINFO *)a)->e_tdev - KI_EPROC((KINFO *)b)->e_tdev;
491	if (i == 0)
492		i = KI_PROC((KINFO *)a)->p_pid - KI_PROC((KINFO *)b)->p_pid;
493	return (i);
494}
495
496/*
497 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
498 * here than taint the main code.
499 *
500 *  ps foo -> ps -foo
501 *  ps 34 -> ps -p34
502 *
503 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
504 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'.  This same
505 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
506 */
507static char *
508kludge_oldps_options(s)
509	char *s;
510{
511	size_t len;
512	char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
513
514	len = strlen(s);
515	if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL)
516		err(1, NULL);
517	/*
518	 * options begin with '-'
519	 */
520	if (*s != '-')
521		*ns++ = '-';	/* add option flag */
522	/*
523	 * gaze to end of argv[1]
524	 */
525	cp = s + len - 1;
526	/*
527	 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
528	 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
529	 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
530	 */
531	if (*cp == 't' && *s != '-')
532		*cp = 'T';
533	else {
534		/*
535		 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
536		 * pid.
537		 */
538		while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp))
539			--cp;
540	}
541	cp++;
542	memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s));	/* copy up to trailing number */
543	ns += cp - s;
544	/*
545	 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
546	 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
547	 */
548	if (isdigit(*cp) &&
549	    (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) &&
550	    (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't'))
551		*ns++ = 'p';
552	(void)strcpy(ns, cp);		/* and append the number */
553
554	return (newopts);
555}
556
557static void
558usage()
559{
560
561	(void)fprintf(stderr,
562	    "usage:\t%s\n\t   %s\n\t%s\n",
563	    "ps [-aChjlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]",
564	    "[-M core] [-N system] [-W swap]",
565	    "ps [-L]");
566	exit(1);
567}
568