ps.c revision 109502
1/*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 */ 33 34#ifndef lint 35static const char copyright[] = 36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38#endif /* not lint */ 39 40#if 0 41#ifndef lint 42static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94"; 43#endif /* not lint */ 44#endif 45#include <sys/cdefs.h> 46__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/bin/ps/ps.c 109502 2003-01-19 00:22:34Z jmallett $"); 47 48#include <sys/param.h> 49#include <sys/user.h> 50#include <sys/stat.h> 51#include <sys/ioctl.h> 52#include <sys/sysctl.h> 53 54#include <ctype.h> 55#include <err.h> 56#include <fcntl.h> 57#include <kvm.h> 58#include <limits.h> 59#include <locale.h> 60#include <paths.h> 61#include <pwd.h> 62#include <stdio.h> 63#include <stdlib.h> 64#include <string.h> 65#include <unistd.h> 66 67#include "ps.h" 68 69#define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */ 70 71static KINFO *kinfo; 72struct varent *vhead; 73 74int eval; /* exit value */ 75int cflag; /* -c */ 76int rawcpu; /* -C */ 77int sumrusage; /* -S */ 78int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */ 79int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */ 80 81time_t now; /* current time(3) value */ 82 83static int needuser, needcomm, needenv; 84#if defined(LAZY_PS) 85static int forceuread=0; 86#else 87static int forceuread=1; 88#endif 89 90static enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT; 91 92static const char *fmt(char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), 93 KINFO *, char *, int); 94static char *kludge_oldps_options(char *); 95static int pscomp(const void *, const void *); 96static void saveuser(KINFO *); 97static void scanvars(void); 98static void dynsizevars(KINFO *); 99static void sizevars(void); 100static void usage(void); 101static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *); 102 103static char dfmt[] = "pid,tt,state,time,command"; 104static char jfmt[] = "user,pid,ppid,pgid,jobc,state,tt,time,command"; 105static char lfmt[] = "uid,pid,ppid,cpu,pri,nice,vsz,rss,mwchan,state,tt,time,command"; 106static char o1[] = "pid"; 107static char o2[] = "tt,state,time,command"; 108static char ufmt[] = "user,pid,%cpu,%mem,vsz,rss,tt,state,start,time,command"; 109static char vfmt[] = "pid,state,time,sl,re,pagein,vsz,rss,lim,tsiz,%cpu,%mem,command"; 110static char Zfmt[] = "label"; 111 112static kvm_t *kd; 113 114#if defined(LAZY_PS) 115#define PS_ARGS "aCcefghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxZ" 116#else 117#define PS_ARGS "aCceghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxZ" 118#endif 119 120int 121main(int argc, char *argv[]) 122{ 123 struct kinfo_proc *kp; 124 struct varent *vent; 125 struct winsize ws; 126 dev_t ttydev; 127 pid_t pid; 128 uid_t *uids; 129 int all, ch, flag, i, _fmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid; 130 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids; 131 char *cols; 132 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 133 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf; 134 135 (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 136 /* Set the time to what it is right now. */ 137 time(&now); 138 139 if ((cols = getenv("COLUMNS")) != NULL && *cols != '\0') 140 termwidth = atoi(cols); 141 else if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 142 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 143 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) || 144 ws.ws_col == 0) 145 termwidth = 79; 146 else 147 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1; 148 149 /* 150 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an 151 * argument 152 */ 153 if (argc > 1) { 154 nocludge = 0; 155 if (argv[1][0] == '-') { 156 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 157 if (*cp != ':') 158 continue; 159 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) { 160 nocludge = 1; 161 break; 162 } 163 } 164 } 165 if (nocludge == 0) 166 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]); 167 } 168 169 all = _fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0; 170 pid = -1; 171 nuids = 0; 172 uids = NULL; 173 ttydev = NODEV; 174 dropgid = 0; 175 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL; 176 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1) 177 switch((char)ch) { 178 case 'a': 179 all = 1; 180 break; 181 case 'C': 182 rawcpu = 1; 183 break; 184 case 'c': 185 cflag = 1; 186 break; 187 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */ 188 needenv = 1; 189 break; 190 case 'g': 191 break; /* no-op */ 192 case 'h': 193 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22; 194 break; 195 case 'j': 196 parsefmt(jfmt, 0); 197 _fmt = 1; 198 jfmt[0] = '\0'; 199 break; 200 case 'L': 201 showkey(); 202 exit(0); 203 case 'l': 204 parsefmt(lfmt, 0); 205 _fmt = 1; 206 lfmt[0] = '\0'; 207 break; 208 case 'M': 209 memf = optarg; 210 dropgid = 1; 211 break; 212 case 'm': 213 sortby = SORTMEM; 214 break; 215 case 'N': 216 nlistf = optarg; 217 dropgid = 1; 218 break; 219 case 'O': 220 parsefmt(o1, 1); 221 parsefmt(optarg, 1); 222 parsefmt(o2, 1); 223 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0'; 224 _fmt = 1; 225 break; 226 case 'o': 227 parsefmt(optarg, 1); 228 _fmt = 1; 229 break; 230#if defined(LAZY_PS) 231 case 'f': 232 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0) 233 forceuread = 1; 234 break; 235#endif 236 case 'p': 237 pid = atol(optarg); 238 xflg = 1; 239 break; 240 case 'r': 241 sortby = SORTCPU; 242 break; 243 case 'S': 244 sumrusage = 1; 245 break; 246 case 'T': 247 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL) 248 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal"); 249 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 250 case 't': { 251 struct stat sb; 252 char *ttypath, pathbuf[PATH_MAX]; 253 254 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) 255 ttypath = strdup(_PATH_CONSOLE); 256 else if (*optarg != '/') 257 (void)snprintf(ttypath = pathbuf, 258 sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg); 259 else 260 ttypath = optarg; 261 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) 262 err(1, "%s", ttypath); 263 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 264 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath); 265 ttydev = sb.st_rdev; 266 break; 267 } 268 case 'U': 269 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids); 270 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */ 271 break; 272 case 'u': 273 parsefmt(ufmt, 0); 274 sortby = SORTCPU; 275 _fmt = 1; 276 ufmt[0] = '\0'; 277 break; 278 case 'v': 279 parsefmt(vfmt, 0); 280 sortby = SORTMEM; 281 _fmt = 1; 282 vfmt[0] = '\0'; 283 break; 284 case 'w': 285 if (wflag) 286 termwidth = UNLIMITED; 287 else if (termwidth < 131) 288 termwidth = 131; 289 wflag++; 290 break; 291 case 'x': 292 xflg = 1; 293 break; 294 case 'Z': 295 parsefmt(Zfmt, 0); 296 Zfmt[0] = '\0'; 297 break; 298 case '?': 299 default: 300 usage(); 301 } 302 argc -= optind; 303 argv += optind; 304 305#define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 306#ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 307 if (*argv) { 308 nlistf = *argv; 309 if (*++argv) { 310 memf = *argv; 311 } 312 } 313#endif 314 /* 315 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad 316 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory. 317 */ 318 if (dropgid) { 319 setgid(getgid()); 320 setuid(getuid()); 321 } 322 323 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 324 if (kd == 0) 325 errx(1, "%s", errbuf); 326 327 if (!_fmt) 328 parsefmt(dfmt, 0); 329 330 /* XXX - should be cleaner */ 331 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) { 332 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL) 333 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 334 nuids = 1; 335 *uids = getuid(); 336 } 337 338 /* 339 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed, 340 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate. 341 */ 342 scanvars(); 343 /* 344 * get proc list 345 */ 346 if (nuids == 1) { 347 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 348 flag = *uids; 349 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) { 350 what = KERN_PROC_TTY; 351 flag = ttydev; 352 } else if (pid != -1) { 353 what = KERN_PROC_PID; 354 flag = pid; 355 } else { 356 what = KERN_PROC_ALL; 357 flag = 0; 358 } 359 /* 360 * select procs 361 */ 362 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == 0 || nentries < 0) 363 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd)); 364 if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL) 365 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 366 for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) { 367 kinfo[i].ki_p = kp; 368 if (needuser) 369 saveuser(&kinfo[i]); 370 dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]); 371 } 372 373 sizevars(); 374 375 /* 376 * print header 377 */ 378 printheader(); 379 if (nentries == 0) 380 exit(1); 381 /* 382 * sort proc list 383 */ 384 qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp); 385 /* 386 * for each proc, call each variable output function. 387 */ 388 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) { 389 if (xflg == 0 && ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_tdev == NODEV || 390 ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0)) 391 continue; 392 if (nuids > 1) { 393 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++) 394 if ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_uid == uids[uid]) 395 break; 396 if (uid == nuids) 397 continue; 398 } 399 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 400 (vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent); 401 if (vent->next != NULL) 402 (void)putchar(' '); 403 } 404 (void)putchar('\n'); 405 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) { 406 (void)putchar('\n'); 407 printheader(); 408 lineno = 0; 409 } 410 } 411 free(uids); 412 413 exit(eval); 414} 415 416uid_t * 417getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids) 418{ 419 char name[MAXLOGNAME]; 420 struct passwd *pwd; 421 uid_t *uids, *moreuids; 422 int alloc; 423 size_t l; 424 425 426 alloc = 0; 427 *nuids = 0; 428 uids = NULL; 429 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) { 430 if (l >= sizeof name) { 431 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg); 432 continue; 433 } 434 strncpy(name, arg, l); 435 name[l] = '\0'; 436 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) { 437 warnx("%s: no such user", name); 438 continue; 439 } 440 if (*nuids >= alloc) { 441 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1; 442 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids)); 443 if (moreuids == NULL) { 444 free(uids); 445 errx(1, "realloc failed"); 446 } 447 uids = moreuids; 448 } 449 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid; 450 } 451 endpwent(); 452 453 if (!*nuids) 454 errx(1, "No users specified"); 455 456 return uids; 457} 458 459VARENT * 460find_varentry(VAR *v) 461{ 462 struct varent *vent; 463 464 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 465 if (strcmp(vent->var->name, v->name) == 0) 466 return vent; 467 } 468 return NULL; 469} 470 471static void 472scanvars(void) 473{ 474 struct varent *vent; 475 VAR *v; 476 477 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 478 v = vent->var; 479 if (v->flag & DSIZ) { 480 v->dwidth = v->width; 481 v->width = 0; 482 } 483 if (v->flag & USER) 484 needuser = 1; 485 if (v->flag & COMM) 486 needcomm = 1; 487 } 488} 489 490static void 491dynsizevars(KINFO *ki) 492{ 493 struct varent *vent; 494 VAR *v; 495 int i; 496 497 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 498 v = vent->var; 499 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ)) 500 continue; 501 i = (v->sproc)( ki); 502 if (v->width < i) 503 v->width = i; 504 if (v->width > v->dwidth) 505 v->width = v->dwidth; 506 } 507} 508 509static void 510sizevars(void) 511{ 512 struct varent *vent; 513 VAR *v; 514 int i; 515 516 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 517 v = vent->var; 518 i = strlen(v->header); 519 if (v->width < i) 520 v->width = i; 521 totwidth += v->width + 1; /* +1 for space */ 522 } 523 totwidth--; 524} 525 526static const char * 527fmt(char **(*fn)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, 528 char *comm, int maxlen) 529{ 530 const char *s; 531 532 s = fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm, maxlen); 533 return (s); 534} 535 536#define UREADOK(ki) (forceuread || (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM)) 537 538static void 539saveuser(KINFO *ki) 540{ 541 542 if (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM) { 543 /* 544 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get 545 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap. 546 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just 547 * leave them 0. 548 */ 549 ki->ki_valid = 1; 550 } else 551 ki->ki_valid = 0; 552 /* 553 * save arguments if needed 554 */ 555 if (needcomm && (UREADOK(ki) || (ki->ki_p->ki_args != NULL))) { 556 ki->ki_args = strdup(fmt(kvm_getargv, ki, ki->ki_p->ki_comm, 557 MAXCOMLEN)); 558 } else if (needcomm) { 559 asprintf(&ki->ki_args, "(%s)", ki->ki_p->ki_comm); 560 } else { 561 ki->ki_args = NULL; 562 } 563 if (needenv && UREADOK(ki)) { 564 ki->ki_env = strdup(fmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0)); 565 } else if (needenv) { 566 ki->ki_env = malloc(3); 567 strcpy(ki->ki_env, "()"); 568 } else { 569 ki->ki_env = NULL; 570 } 571} 572 573static int 574pscomp(const void *a, const void *b) 575{ 576 int i; 577#define VSIZE(k) ((k)->ki_p->ki_dsize + (k)->ki_p->ki_ssize + \ 578 (k)->ki_p->ki_tsize) 579 580 if (sortby == SORTCPU) 581 return (getpcpu((const KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((const KINFO *)a)); 582 if (sortby == SORTMEM) 583 return (VSIZE((const KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((const KINFO *)a)); 584 i = (int)((const KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_tdev - (int)((const KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_tdev; 585 if (i == 0) 586 i = ((const KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_pid - ((const KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_pid; 587 return (i); 588} 589 590/* 591 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness 592 * here than taint the main code. 593 * 594 * ps foo -> ps -foo 595 * ps 34 -> ps -p34 596 * 597 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users 598 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same 599 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument. 600 */ 601static char * 602kludge_oldps_options(char *s) 603{ 604 int have_fmt; 605 size_t len; 606 char *newopts, *ns, *cp; 607 608 /* 609 * If we have an 'o' option, then note it, since we don't want to do 610 * some types of munging. 611 */ 612 have_fmt = index(s, 'o') != NULL; 613 614 len = strlen(s); 615 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL) 616 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 617 /* 618 * options begin with '-' 619 */ 620 if (*s != '-') 621 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */ 622 /* 623 * gaze to end of argv[1] 624 */ 625 cp = s + len - 1; 626 /* 627 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context 628 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' -- 629 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)). 630 * 631 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the 632 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to 633 * that flag; do not modify that argument. 634 */ 635 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-') 636 *cp = 'T'; 637 else { 638 /* 639 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a 640 * pid. 641 */ 642 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp)) 643 --cp; 644 } 645 cp++; 646 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */ 647 ns += cp - s; 648 /* 649 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or 650 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag. 651 */ 652 if (isdigit(*cp) && 653 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) && 654 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't') && !have_fmt) 655 *ns++ = 'p'; 656 (void)strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */ 657 658 return (newopts); 659} 660 661static void 662usage(void) 663{ 664 665 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n", 666 "usage: ps [-aChjlmrSTuvwxZ] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]", 667 " [-M core] [-N system]", 668 " ps [-L]"); 669 exit(1); 670} 671