cp.c revision 99109
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37#ifndef lint 38static char const copyright[] = 39"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41#endif /* not lint */ 42 43#ifndef lint 44#if 0 45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94"; 46#endif 47#endif /* not lint */ 48#include <sys/cdefs.h> 49__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/bin/cp/cp.c 99109 2002-06-30 05:13:54Z obrien $"); 50 51/* 52 * Cp copies source files to target files. 53 * 54 * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the 55 * current target file. Since fts(3) does not change directories, 56 * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative. 57 * 58 * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse 59 * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list. A trivial case is the 60 * case of 'cp file1 file2'. The more interesting case is the case of 61 * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the 62 * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored 63 * in "to") to form the final target path. 64 */ 65 66#include <sys/param.h> 67#include <sys/stat.h> 68 69#include <err.h> 70#include <errno.h> 71#include <fts.h> 72#include <limits.h> 73#include <stdio.h> 74#include <stdlib.h> 75#include <string.h> 76#include <unistd.h> 77 78#include "extern.h" 79 80#define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) { \ 81 while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/') \ 82 *--(p).p_end = 0; \ 83} 84 85static char emptystring[] = ""; 86 87PATH_T to = { to.p_path, emptystring, "" }; 88 89int iflag, pflag, fflag; 90static int Rflag, rflag, vflag; 91 92enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE }; 93 94int copy(char *[], enum op, int); 95int mastercmp(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **); 96 97int 98main(int argc, char *argv[]) 99{ 100 struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat; 101 enum op type; 102 int Hflag, Lflag, Pflag, ch, fts_options, r, have_trailing_slash; 103 char *target; 104 105 Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = 0; 106 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRfiprv")) != -1) 107 switch (ch) { 108 case 'H': 109 Hflag = 1; 110 Lflag = Pflag = 0; 111 break; 112 case 'L': 113 Lflag = 1; 114 Hflag = Pflag = 0; 115 break; 116 case 'P': 117 Pflag = 1; 118 Hflag = Lflag = 0; 119 break; 120 case 'R': 121 Rflag = 1; 122 break; 123 case 'f': 124 fflag = 1; 125 iflag = 0; 126 break; 127 case 'i': 128 iflag = 1; 129 fflag = 0; 130 break; 131 case 'p': 132 pflag = 1; 133 break; 134 case 'r': 135 rflag = 1; 136 break; 137 case 'v': 138 vflag = 1; 139 break; 140 default: 141 usage(); 142 break; 143 } 144 argc -= optind; 145 argv += optind; 146 147 if (argc < 2) 148 usage(); 149 150 fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL; 151 if (rflag) { 152 if (Rflag) 153 errx(1, 154 "the -R and -r options may not be specified together."); 155 if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag) 156 errx(1, 157 "the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option."); 158 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 159 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 160 } 161 if (Rflag) { 162 if (Hflag) 163 fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW; 164 if (Lflag) { 165 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 166 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 167 } 168 } else { 169 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 170 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL | FTS_COMFOLLOW; 171 } 172 173 /* Save the target base in "to". */ 174 target = argv[--argc]; 175 if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path)) 176 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target); 177 to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path); 178 if (to.p_path == to.p_end) { 179 *to.p_end++ = '.'; 180 *to.p_end = 0; 181 } 182 have_trailing_slash = (to.p_end[-1] == '/'); 183 if (have_trailing_slash) 184 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 185 to.target_end = to.p_end; 186 187 /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */ 188 argv[argc] = NULL; 189 190 /* 191 * Cp has two distinct cases: 192 * 193 * cp [-R] source target 194 * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory 195 * 196 * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory. 197 * 198 * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the 199 * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for 200 * directories. 201 * 202 * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source". 203 */ 204 r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat); 205 if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) 206 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 207 if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 208 /* 209 * Case (1). Target is not a directory. 210 */ 211 if (argc > 1) { 212 usage(); 213 exit(1); 214 } 215 /* 216 * Need to detect the case: 217 * cp -R dir foo 218 * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where 219 * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for 220 * the initial mkdir(). 221 */ 222 if (r == -1) { 223 if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag))) 224 stat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 225 else 226 lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 227 228 if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag)) 229 type = DIR_TO_DNE; 230 else 231 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 232 } else 233 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 234 235 if (have_trailing_slash && type == FILE_TO_FILE) { 236 if (r == -1) 237 errx(1, "directory %s does not exist", 238 to.p_path); 239 else 240 errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path); 241 } 242 } else 243 /* 244 * Case (2). Target is a directory. 245 */ 246 type = FILE_TO_DIR; 247 248 exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options)); 249} 250 251int 252copy(char *argv[], enum op type, int fts_options) 253{ 254 struct stat to_stat; 255 FTS *ftsp; 256 FTSENT *curr; 257 int base = 0, dne, badcp, rval; 258 size_t nlen; 259 char *p, *target_mid; 260 mode_t mask, mode; 261 262 /* 263 * Keep an inverted copy of the umask, for use in correcting 264 * permissions on created directories when not using -p. 265 */ 266 mask = ~umask(0777); 267 umask(~mask); 268 269 if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, mastercmp)) == NULL) 270 err(1, NULL); 271 for (badcp = rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL; badcp = 0) { 272 switch (curr->fts_info) { 273 case FTS_NS: 274 case FTS_DNR: 275 case FTS_ERR: 276 warnx("%s: %s", 277 curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno)); 278 badcp = rval = 1; 279 continue; 280 case FTS_DC: /* Warn, continue. */ 281 warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path); 282 badcp = rval = 1; 283 continue; 284 default: 285 ; 286 } 287 288 /* 289 * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the 290 * source name to the target name. 291 */ 292 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) { 293 /* 294 * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create 295 * correct pathnames. If there's a directory being 296 * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g. 297 * cp -R a/dir noexist 298 * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not 299 * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which 300 * is the case where the target exists. 301 * 302 * Also, check for "..". This is for correct path 303 * concatenation for paths ending in "..", e.g. 304 * cp -R .. /tmp 305 * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".". This is 306 * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem. 307 * 308 * XXX 309 * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base 310 * is always initialized. 311 */ 312 if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) { 313 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) { 314 p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/'); 315 base = (p == NULL) ? 0 : 316 (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1); 317 318 if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base], 319 "..")) 320 base += 1; 321 } else 322 base = curr->fts_pathlen; 323 } 324 325 p = &curr->fts_path[base]; 326 nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base; 327 target_mid = to.target_end; 328 if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/') 329 *target_mid++ = '/'; 330 *target_mid = 0; 331 if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) { 332 warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)", 333 to.p_path, p); 334 badcp = rval = 1; 335 continue; 336 } 337 (void)strncat(target_mid, p, nlen); 338 to.p_end = target_mid + nlen; 339 *to.p_end = 0; 340 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 341 } 342 343 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) { 344 /* 345 * We are nearly finished with this directory. If we 346 * didn't actually copy it, or otherwise don't need to 347 * change its attributes, then we are done. 348 */ 349 if (!curr->fts_number) 350 continue; 351 /* 352 * If -p is in effect, set all the attributes. 353 * Otherwise, set the correct permissions, limited 354 * by the umask. Optimise by avoiding a chmod() 355 * if possible (which is usually the case if we 356 * made the directory). Note that mkdir() does not 357 * honour setuid, setgid and sticky bits, but we 358 * normally want to preserve them on directories. 359 */ 360 if (pflag) 361 rval = setfile(curr->fts_statp, 0); 362 else { 363 mode = curr->fts_statp->st_mode; 364 if ((mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISTXT)) || 365 ((mode | S_IRWXU) & mask) != (mode & mask)) 366 if (chmod(to.p_path, mode & mask) != 0){ 367 warn("chmod: %s", to.p_path); 368 rval = 1; 369 } 370 } 371 continue; 372 } 373 374 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened */ 375 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1) 376 dne = 1; 377 else { 378 if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev && 379 to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) { 380 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).", 381 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 382 badcp = rval = 1; 383 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode)) 384 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 385 continue; 386 } 387 if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) && 388 S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 389 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with " 390 "non-directory %s", 391 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 392 badcp = rval = 1; 393 continue; 394 } 395 dne = 0; 396 } 397 398 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) { 399 case S_IFLNK: 400 /* Catch special case of a non-dangling symlink */ 401 if ((fts_options & FTS_LOGICAL) || 402 ((fts_options & FTS_COMFOLLOW) && 403 curr->fts_level == 0)) { 404 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 405 badcp = rval = 1; 406 } else { 407 if (copy_link(curr, !dne)) 408 badcp = rval = 1; 409 } 410 break; 411 case S_IFDIR: 412 if (!Rflag && !rflag) { 413 warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).", 414 curr->fts_path); 415 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 416 badcp = rval = 1; 417 break; 418 } 419 /* 420 * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new 421 * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits, 422 * modified by the umask. Trade-off between being 423 * able to write the directory (if from directory is 424 * 555) and not causing a permissions race. If the 425 * umask blocks owner writes, we fail.. 426 */ 427 if (dne) { 428 if (mkdir(to.p_path, 429 curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0) 430 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 431 } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 432 errno = ENOTDIR; 433 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 434 } 435 /* 436 * Arrange to correct directory attributes later 437 * (in the post-order phase) if this is a new 438 * directory, or if the -p flag is in effect. 439 */ 440 curr->fts_number = pflag || dne; 441 break; 442 case S_IFBLK: 443 case S_IFCHR: 444 if (Rflag) { 445 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 446 badcp = rval = 1; 447 } else { 448 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 449 badcp = rval = 1; 450 } 451 break; 452 case S_IFIFO: 453 if (Rflag) { 454 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 455 badcp = rval = 1; 456 } else { 457 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 458 badcp = rval = 1; 459 } 460 break; 461 default: 462 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 463 badcp = rval = 1; 464 break; 465 } 466 if (vflag && !badcp) 467 (void)printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path); 468 } 469 if (errno) 470 err(1, "fts_read"); 471 return (rval); 472} 473 474/* 475 * mastercmp -- 476 * The comparison function for the copy order. The order is to copy 477 * non-directory files before directory files. The reason for this 478 * is because files tend to be in the same cylinder group as their 479 * parent directory, whereas directories tend not to be. Copying the 480 * files first reduces seeking. 481 */ 482int 483mastercmp(const FTSENT **a, const FTSENT **b) 484{ 485 int a_info, b_info; 486 487 a_info = (*a)->fts_info; 488 if (a_info == FTS_ERR || a_info == FTS_NS || a_info == FTS_DNR) 489 return (0); 490 b_info = (*b)->fts_info; 491 if (b_info == FTS_ERR || b_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_DNR) 492 return (0); 493 if (a_info == FTS_D) 494 return (-1); 495 if (b_info == FTS_D) 496 return (1); 497 return (0); 498} 499