cp.c revision 100538
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37#ifndef lint 38static char const copyright[] = 39"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41#endif /* not lint */ 42 43#ifndef lint 44#if 0 45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94"; 46#endif 47#endif /* not lint */ 48#include <sys/cdefs.h> 49__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/bin/cp/cp.c 100538 2002-07-23 00:42:56Z johan $"); 50 51/* 52 * Cp copies source files to target files. 53 * 54 * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the 55 * current target file. Since fts(3) does not change directories, 56 * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative. 57 * 58 * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse 59 * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list. A trivial case is the 60 * case of 'cp file1 file2'. The more interesting case is the case of 61 * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the 62 * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored 63 * in "to") to form the final target path. 64 */ 65 66#include <sys/param.h> 67#include <sys/stat.h> 68 69#include <err.h> 70#include <errno.h> 71#include <fts.h> 72#include <limits.h> 73#include <stdio.h> 74#include <stdlib.h> 75#include <string.h> 76#include <unistd.h> 77 78#include "extern.h" 79 80#define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) { \ 81 while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/') \ 82 *--(p).p_end = 0; \ 83} 84 85static char emptystring[] = ""; 86 87PATH_T to = { to.p_path, emptystring, "" }; 88 89int fflag, iflag, nflag, pflag, vflag; 90static int Rflag, rflag; 91 92enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE }; 93 94static int copy(char *[], enum op, int); 95static int mastercmp(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **); 96 97int 98main(int argc, char *argv[]) 99{ 100 struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat; 101 enum op type; 102 int Hflag, Lflag, Pflag, ch, fts_options, r, have_trailing_slash; 103 char *target; 104 105 Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = 0; 106 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRfinprv")) != -1) 107 switch (ch) { 108 case 'H': 109 Hflag = 1; 110 Lflag = Pflag = 0; 111 break; 112 case 'L': 113 Lflag = 1; 114 Hflag = Pflag = 0; 115 break; 116 case 'P': 117 Pflag = 1; 118 Hflag = Lflag = 0; 119 break; 120 case 'R': 121 Rflag = 1; 122 break; 123 case 'f': 124 fflag = 1; 125 iflag = nflag = 0; 126 break; 127 case 'i': 128 iflag = 1; 129 fflag = nflag = 0; 130 break; 131 case 'n': 132 nflag = 1; 133 fflag = iflag = 0; 134 break; 135 case 'p': 136 pflag = 1; 137 break; 138 case 'r': 139 rflag = 1; 140 break; 141 case 'v': 142 vflag = 1; 143 break; 144 default: 145 usage(); 146 break; 147 } 148 argc -= optind; 149 argv += optind; 150 151 if (argc < 2) 152 usage(); 153 154 fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL; 155 if (rflag) { 156 if (Rflag) 157 errx(1, 158 "the -R and -r options may not be specified together."); 159 if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag) 160 errx(1, 161 "the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option."); 162 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 163 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 164 } 165 if (Rflag) { 166 if (Hflag) 167 fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW; 168 if (Lflag) { 169 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 170 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 171 } 172 } else { 173 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 174 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL | FTS_COMFOLLOW; 175 } 176 177 /* Save the target base in "to". */ 178 target = argv[--argc]; 179 if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path)) 180 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target); 181 to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path); 182 if (to.p_path == to.p_end) { 183 *to.p_end++ = '.'; 184 *to.p_end = 0; 185 } 186 have_trailing_slash = (to.p_end[-1] == '/'); 187 if (have_trailing_slash) 188 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 189 to.target_end = to.p_end; 190 191 /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */ 192 argv[argc] = NULL; 193 194 /* 195 * Cp has two distinct cases: 196 * 197 * cp [-R] source target 198 * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory 199 * 200 * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory. 201 * 202 * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the 203 * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for 204 * directories. 205 * 206 * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source". 207 */ 208 r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat); 209 if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) 210 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 211 if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 212 /* 213 * Case (1). Target is not a directory. 214 */ 215 if (argc > 1) { 216 usage(); 217 exit(1); 218 } 219 /* 220 * Need to detect the case: 221 * cp -R dir foo 222 * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where 223 * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for 224 * the initial mkdir(). 225 */ 226 if (r == -1) { 227 if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag))) 228 stat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 229 else 230 lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 231 232 if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag)) 233 type = DIR_TO_DNE; 234 else 235 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 236 } else 237 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 238 239 if (have_trailing_slash && type == FILE_TO_FILE) { 240 if (r == -1) 241 errx(1, "directory %s does not exist", 242 to.p_path); 243 else 244 errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path); 245 } 246 } else 247 /* 248 * Case (2). Target is a directory. 249 */ 250 type = FILE_TO_DIR; 251 252 exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options)); 253} 254 255int 256copy(char *argv[], enum op type, int fts_options) 257{ 258 struct stat to_stat; 259 FTS *ftsp; 260 FTSENT *curr; 261 int base = 0, dne, badcp, rval; 262 size_t nlen; 263 char *p, *target_mid; 264 mode_t mask, mode; 265 266 /* 267 * Keep an inverted copy of the umask, for use in correcting 268 * permissions on created directories when not using -p. 269 */ 270 mask = ~umask(0777); 271 umask(~mask); 272 273 if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, mastercmp)) == NULL) 274 err(1, "fts_open"); 275 for (badcp = rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL; badcp = 0) { 276 switch (curr->fts_info) { 277 case FTS_NS: 278 case FTS_DNR: 279 case FTS_ERR: 280 warnx("%s: %s", 281 curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno)); 282 badcp = rval = 1; 283 continue; 284 case FTS_DC: /* Warn, continue. */ 285 warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path); 286 badcp = rval = 1; 287 continue; 288 default: 289 ; 290 } 291 292 /* 293 * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the 294 * source name to the target name. 295 */ 296 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) { 297 /* 298 * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create 299 * correct pathnames. If there's a directory being 300 * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g. 301 * cp -R a/dir noexist 302 * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not 303 * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which 304 * is the case where the target exists. 305 * 306 * Also, check for "..". This is for correct path 307 * concatenation for paths ending in "..", e.g. 308 * cp -R .. /tmp 309 * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".". This is 310 * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem. 311 * 312 * XXX 313 * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base 314 * is always initialized. 315 */ 316 if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) { 317 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) { 318 p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/'); 319 base = (p == NULL) ? 0 : 320 (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1); 321 322 if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base], 323 "..")) 324 base += 1; 325 } else 326 base = curr->fts_pathlen; 327 } 328 329 p = &curr->fts_path[base]; 330 nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base; 331 target_mid = to.target_end; 332 if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/') 333 *target_mid++ = '/'; 334 *target_mid = 0; 335 if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) { 336 warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)", 337 to.p_path, p); 338 badcp = rval = 1; 339 continue; 340 } 341 (void)strncat(target_mid, p, nlen); 342 to.p_end = target_mid + nlen; 343 *to.p_end = 0; 344 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 345 } 346 347 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) { 348 /* 349 * We are nearly finished with this directory. If we 350 * didn't actually copy it, or otherwise don't need to 351 * change its attributes, then we are done. 352 */ 353 if (!curr->fts_number) 354 continue; 355 /* 356 * If -p is in effect, set all the attributes. 357 * Otherwise, set the correct permissions, limited 358 * by the umask. Optimise by avoiding a chmod() 359 * if possible (which is usually the case if we 360 * made the directory). Note that mkdir() does not 361 * honour setuid, setgid and sticky bits, but we 362 * normally want to preserve them on directories. 363 */ 364 if (pflag) 365 rval = setfile(curr->fts_statp, 0); 366 else { 367 mode = curr->fts_statp->st_mode; 368 if ((mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISTXT)) || 369 ((mode | S_IRWXU) & mask) != (mode & mask)) 370 if (chmod(to.p_path, mode & mask) != 0){ 371 warn("chmod: %s", to.p_path); 372 rval = 1; 373 } 374 } 375 continue; 376 } 377 378 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened */ 379 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1) 380 dne = 1; 381 else { 382 if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev && 383 to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) { 384 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).", 385 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 386 badcp = rval = 1; 387 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode)) 388 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 389 continue; 390 } 391 if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) && 392 S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 393 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with " 394 "non-directory %s", 395 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 396 badcp = rval = 1; 397 continue; 398 } 399 dne = 0; 400 } 401 402 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) { 403 case S_IFLNK: 404 /* Catch special case of a non-dangling symlink */ 405 if ((fts_options & FTS_LOGICAL) || 406 ((fts_options & FTS_COMFOLLOW) && 407 curr->fts_level == 0)) { 408 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 409 badcp = rval = 1; 410 } else { 411 if (copy_link(curr, !dne)) 412 badcp = rval = 1; 413 } 414 break; 415 case S_IFDIR: 416 if (!Rflag && !rflag) { 417 warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).", 418 curr->fts_path); 419 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 420 badcp = rval = 1; 421 break; 422 } 423 /* 424 * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new 425 * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits, 426 * modified by the umask. Trade-off between being 427 * able to write the directory (if from directory is 428 * 555) and not causing a permissions race. If the 429 * umask blocks owner writes, we fail.. 430 */ 431 if (dne) { 432 if (mkdir(to.p_path, 433 curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0) 434 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 435 } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 436 errno = ENOTDIR; 437 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 438 } 439 /* 440 * Arrange to correct directory attributes later 441 * (in the post-order phase) if this is a new 442 * directory, or if the -p flag is in effect. 443 */ 444 curr->fts_number = pflag || dne; 445 break; 446 case S_IFBLK: 447 case S_IFCHR: 448 if (Rflag) { 449 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 450 badcp = rval = 1; 451 } else { 452 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 453 badcp = rval = 1; 454 } 455 break; 456 case S_IFIFO: 457 if (Rflag) { 458 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 459 badcp = rval = 1; 460 } else { 461 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 462 badcp = rval = 1; 463 } 464 break; 465 default: 466 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 467 badcp = rval = 1; 468 break; 469 } 470 if (vflag && !badcp) 471 (void)printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path); 472 } 473 if (errno) 474 err(1, "fts_read"); 475 return (rval); 476} 477 478/* 479 * mastercmp -- 480 * The comparison function for the copy order. The order is to copy 481 * non-directory files before directory files. The reason for this 482 * is because files tend to be in the same cylinder group as their 483 * parent directory, whereas directories tend not to be. Copying the 484 * files first reduces seeking. 485 */ 486int 487mastercmp(const FTSENT **a, const FTSENT **b) 488{ 489 int a_info, b_info; 490 491 a_info = (*a)->fts_info; 492 if (a_info == FTS_ERR || a_info == FTS_NS || a_info == FTS_DNR) 493 return (0); 494 b_info = (*b)->fts_info; 495 if (b_info == FTS_ERR || b_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_DNR) 496 return (0); 497 if (a_info == FTS_D) 498 return (-1); 499 if (b_info == FTS_D) 500 return (1); 501 return (0); 502} 503