UPDATING revision 293894
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 1920160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf 20 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib 21 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp 22 FreeBSD-SA-16:02.ntp 23 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux 24 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux 25 FreeBSD-SA-16:05.tcp 26 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd 27 28 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02] 29 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03] 30 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01] 31 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02] 32 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03] 33 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04] 34 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05] 35 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06] 36 3720151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl 38 39 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26] 40 4120151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised] 42 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue 43 FreeBSD-EN-15:20.vm 44 45 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference 46 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp] 47 48 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19] 49 50 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct 51 memory address. [EN-15:20] 52 5320151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp 54 55 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4. 56 57 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster 58 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited" 59 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run 60 successfully, but with KoD disabled. 61 6220151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised] 63 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working. 64 6520150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind 66 67 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24] 68 6920150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg 70 71 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18] 72 7320150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64 74 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh 75 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe 76 FreeBSD-EN-15:15.pkg 77 78 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21] 79 80 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22] 81 82 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14] 83 84 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods. 85 [EN-15:15] 86 8720150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat 88 89 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser. 90 [SA-15:20] 91 9220150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch 93 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed 94 95 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1). 96 [SA-15:18] 97 98 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19] 99 10020150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch 101 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp 102 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh 103 104 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14] 105 106 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15] 107 108 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16] 109 11020150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp 111 112 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state. 113 [SA-15:13] 114 11520150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised] 116 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale 117 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv 118 119 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08] 120 121 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states. 122 [EN-15:09] 123 124 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10] 125 12620150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail 127 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08] 128 12920150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 130 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10] 131 13220150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file 133 FreeBSD-EN-15:07.zfs 134 135 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial 136 of service issues. [EN-15:06] 137 138 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used. 139 [EN-15:07] 140 14120150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update 142 FreeBSD-EN-15:05.ufs 143 144 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous 145 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04] 146 147 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05] 148 14920150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised] 150 FreeBSD-SA-15:07.ntp 151 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall 152 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6 153 154 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp. 155 156 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07] 157 158 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08] 159 160 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09] 161 16220150320: p8 163 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl. 164 16520150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl 166 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06] 167 16820150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp 169 FreeBSD-EN-15:01.vt 170 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl 171 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update 172 173 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04] 174 175 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01] 176 177 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02] 178 179 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03] 180 18120150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem 182 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp 183 184 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure 185 vulnerability. [SA-15:02] 186 187 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03] 188 18920150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl 190 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01] 191 19220141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp 193 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update 194 195 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31] 196 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13] 197 19820141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound 199 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability. 200 20120141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio 202 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file 203 204 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27] 205 206 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3). 207 [SA-14:28] 208 20920140904: 210 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 211 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This 212 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 213 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 214 1.12.4_8 or newer. 215 21620140831: 217 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 218 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 219 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 220 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 221 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 222 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 223 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 224 "make installworld". 225 226 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 227 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 228 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 229 is run. 230 231 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 232 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 233 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 234 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 235 be removed during a clean upgrade. 236 23720140814: 238 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example: 239 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim 240 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf. 241 24220140801: 243 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal 244 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules. 245 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped. 246 24720140729: 248 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 249 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 250 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 251 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 252 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 253 new configuration. 254 25520140717: 256 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG 257 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be 258 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just 259 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things 260 to do the right thing. 261 26220140715: 263 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code. 264 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and 265 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 266 26720140708: 268 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 269 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 270 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 271 27220140608: 273 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default 274 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled 275 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel 276 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to 277 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys. 278 27920140512: 280 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 281 28220140321: 283 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 284 28520140306: 286 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 287 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 288 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 289 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 290 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 291 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 292 29320140303: 294 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 295 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 296 kernel is still highly recommended. 297 29820140227: 299 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 300 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 301 capability mode support in kernel. 302 30320140216: 304 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has 305 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later 306 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to 307 the nfe(4) driver instead. 308 30920140120: 310 10.0-RELEASE. 311 31220131216: 313 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 314 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 315 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 316 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 317 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 318 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 319 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 320 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 321 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701. 322 32320131108: 324 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 325 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 326 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 327 should change your settings to use the latter. 328 32920131031: 330 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 331 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 332 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 333 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 334 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 335 33620131014: 337 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 338 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 339 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 340 delete-old-libs": 341 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 342 or 343 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 344 34520131010: 346 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 347 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 348 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 349 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 350 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 351 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 352 353 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 354 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 355 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 356 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 357 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 358 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 359 360 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 361 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 362 with an integer. 363 36420130930: 365 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 366 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 367 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 368 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 369 370 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 371 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 372 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 373 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 374 37520130916: 376 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 377 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 378 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 379 38020130911: 381 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 382 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 383 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 384 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 385 38620130906: 387 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 388 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 389 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 390 options in src.conf. 391 39220130905: 393 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 394 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 395 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 396 'options PROCDESC'. 397 39820130905: 399 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 400 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 401 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 402 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 403 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 404 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 405 40620130903: 407 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 408 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 409 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 410 41120130821: 412 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 413 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 414 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 415 41620130813: 417 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 418 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 419 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 420 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 421 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 422 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 423 42420130806: 425 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 426 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 427 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 428 explicitly. 429 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 430 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 431 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 432 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 433 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 434 43520130806: 436 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 437 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 438 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 439 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 440 to r253970 or later. 441 44220130802: 443 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 444 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 445 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 446 would result: 447 448 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 449 450 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 451 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 452 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 453 old as well as the new version of find. 454 45520130726: 456 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 457 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 458 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 459 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 460 subdirectories must be reviewed. 461 46220130716: 463 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 464 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 465 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 466 467 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 468 469 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 470 users are advised to upgrade. 471 47220130709: 473 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 474 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 475 47620130709: 477 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 478 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 479 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 480 48120130629: 482 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 483 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 484 485 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 486 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 487 overloading the machine. 488 48920130618: 490 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 491 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 492 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 493 write access to that file. 494 49520130615: 496 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 497 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 498 49920130613: 500 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 501 502 make: illegal option -- J 503 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 504 ... 505 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 506 507 this likely due to an old instance of make in 508 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 509 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 510 you see the above error: 511 512 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 513 514 should resolve it. 515 51620130516: 517 Use bmake by default. 518 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 519 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 520 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 521 522 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 523 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 524 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 525 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 526 behavior in parallel build. 527 52820130429: 529 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 530 53120130426: 532 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 533 the IDEA patent expired. 534 53520130426: 536 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 537 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 538 enabled by default. 539 54020130425: 541 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 542 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 543 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 544 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 545 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 546 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 547 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 548 && make install). 549 55020130404: 551 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 552 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 553 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 554 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 555 and removed. 556 55720130319: 558 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 559 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 560 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 561 binaries will not work on older kernels. 562 56320130308: 564 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 565 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 566 56720130304: 568 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 569 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 570 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 571 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 572 is requested. 573 574 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 575 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 576 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 577 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 578 in /boot/loader.conf. 579 58020130301: 581 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 582 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 583 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 584 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 585 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 586 58720130208: 588 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 589 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 590 591 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 592 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 593 59420130129: 595 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 596 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 597 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 598 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 599 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 600 60120130121: 602 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 603 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 604 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 605 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 606 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 607 /etc/src.conf. 608 60920130118: 610 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 611 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 612 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 613 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 614 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 615 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 616 use is expected to be extremely rare. 617 61820121223: 619 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 620 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 621 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 622 62320121222: 624 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 625 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 626 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 627 be updated. 628 62920121217: 630 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 631 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 632 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 633 634 savecore_flags="" 635 63620121201: 637 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 638 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 639 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 640 64120121117: 642 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 643 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 644 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 645 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 646 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 647 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 648 64920121105: 650 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 651 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 652 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 653 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 654 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 655 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 656 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 657 branch point). 658 65920121102: 660 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 661 functionality now turned on by default. 662 66320121023: 664 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 665 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 666 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 667 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 668 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 669 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 670 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 671 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 672 of the two kernel options. 673 67420121023: 675 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 676 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 677 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 678 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 679 68020121022: 681 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 682 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 683 recompiled. 684 68520121018: 686 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 687 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 688 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 689 69020121016: 691 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 692 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 693 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 694 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 695 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 696 69720121015: 698 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 699 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 700 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 701 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 702 70320121014: 704 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 705 70620121013: 707 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 708 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 709 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 710 knob has also gone. 711 71220121006: 713 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 714 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 715 with new kernel. 716 71720121001: 718 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 719 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 720 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 721 72220120913: 723 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 724 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 725 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 726 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 727 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 728 configurations. 729 73020120908: 731 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 732 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 733 73420120828: 735 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 736 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 737 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 738 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 739 manual page. 740 74120120727: 742 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 743 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 744 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 745 74620120712: 747 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 748 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 749 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 750 75120120712: 752 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 753 with other variables: 754 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 755 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 756 75720120628: 758 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 759 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 760 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 761 installed as "bsdsort". 762 76320120611: 764 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 765 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 766 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 767 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 768 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 769 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 770 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 771 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 772 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 773 77420120417: 775 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 776 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 777 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 778 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 779 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 780 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 781 NAMESPACE section). 782 78320120328: 784 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 785 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 786 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 787 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 788 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 789 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 790 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 791 79220120306: 793 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 794 platforms. 795 79620120229: 797 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 798 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 799 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 800 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 801 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 802 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 803 80420120211: 805 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 806 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 807 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 808 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 809 comes from 20111215. 810 81120120114: 812 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 813 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 814 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 815 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 816 817 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 818 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 819 82020120109: 821 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 822 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 823 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 824 tunable/sysctl. 825 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 826 82720111215: 828 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 829 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 830 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 831 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 832 not supported anymore. 833 834 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 835 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 836 need to be recompiled. 837 83820111122: 839 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 840 /dev/wmistat0. 841 84220111108: 843 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 844 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 845 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 846 time. 847 84820111101: 849 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 850 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 851 85220110930: 853 sysinstall has been removed 854 85520110923: 856 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 857 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 858 85920110913: 860 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 861 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 862 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 863 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 864 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 865 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 866 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 867 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 868 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 869 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 870 87120110828: 872 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 873 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 874 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 875 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 876 87720110815: 878 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 879 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 880 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 881 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 882 883 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 884 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 885 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 886 88720110628: 888 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 889 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 890 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 891 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 892 89320110608: 894 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 895 machdep.hlt_cpus 896 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 897 The following sysctl is retired: 898 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 899 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 900 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 901 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 902 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 903 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 904 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 905 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 906 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 907 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 908 a default scheduler. 909 91020110607: 911 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 912 a mask of CPUs. 913 91420110531: 915 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 916 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 917 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 918 world. 919 92020110513: 921 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 922 92320110503: 924 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 925 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 926 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 927 drivers need to be recompiled. 928 929 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 930 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 931 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 932 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 933 branches. 934 93520110430: 936 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 937 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 938 93920110427: 940 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 941 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 942 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 943 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 944 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 945 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 946 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 947 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 948 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 949 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 950 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 951 952 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 953 954 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 955 a diskless root fs use the old client. 956 95720110424: 958 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 959 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 960 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 961 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 962 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 963 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 964 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 965 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 966 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 967 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 968 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 969 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 970 971 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 972 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 973 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 974 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 975 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 976 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 977 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 978 them are parts of the cam module. 979 980 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 981 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 982 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 983 984 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 985 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 986 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 987 options ATA_CAM 988 device ahci 989 device mvs 990 device siis 991 , and instead add back: 992 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 993 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 994 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 995 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 996 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 997 99820110423: 999 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 1000 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 1001 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 1002 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 1003 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 1004 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 1005 100620110418: 1007 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 1008 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 1009 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 1010 101120110331: 1012 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 1013 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 1014 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 1015 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 1016 in order to use ath on everything else. 1017 1018 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 1019 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 1020 102120110314: 1022 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 1023 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 1024 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 1025 102620110218: 1027 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 1028 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 1029 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 1030 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 1031 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 1032 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 1033 103420110218: 1035 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 1036 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 1037 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 1038 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 1039 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 1040 authentication). 1041 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 1042 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 1043 104420110207: 1045 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 1046 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 1047 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 1048 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 1049 The function remains undocumented. 1050 105120110112: 1052 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 1053 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 1054 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 1055 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 1056 systems where the define is not present can check against 1057 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 1058 1059 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 1060 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 1061 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 1062 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 1063 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 1064 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 1065 106620110103: 1067 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 1068 the following warning: 1069 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 1070 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 1071 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 1072 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 1073 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 1074 install it on your system. 1075 1076 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 1077 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 1078 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 1079 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 1080 108120101228: 1082 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 1083 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 1084 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 1085 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 1086 be recompiled. 1087 108820101114: 1089 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 1090 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 1091 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 1092 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 1093 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 1094 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 1095 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 1096 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 1097 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 1098 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 1099 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 1100 it, for example via: 1101 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 1102 1103 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 1104 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 1105 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 1106 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 1107 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 1108 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 1109 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 1110 1111 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 1112 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 1113 111420101111: 1115 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 1116 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 1117 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 1118 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 1119 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1120 112120101002: 1122 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 1123 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 1124 migrate local entries to the new format. 1125 112620100928: 1127 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 1128 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 1129 upstream sshd. 1130 113120100915: 1132 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 1133 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 1134 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 1135 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 1136 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 1137 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 1138 113920100913: 1140 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 1141 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 1142 1143 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 1144 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 1145 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 1146 default is "AUTO". 1147 1148 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 1149 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 1150 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 1151 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 1152 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 1153 1154 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 1155 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 1156 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 1157 115820100913: 1159 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 1160 now i386 and amd64 only. 1161 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 1162 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 1163 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 1164 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 1165 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 1166 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 1167 116820100725: 1169 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 1170 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 1171 117220100722: 1173 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 1174 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 1175 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 1176 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 1177 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 1178 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 1179 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 1180 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 1181 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 1182 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 1183 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 1184 118520100713: 1186 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 1187 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 1188 machine powerpc powerpc 1189 1190 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 1191 after this change. 1192 119320100713: 1194 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 1195 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 1196 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 1197 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 1198 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 1199 120020100429: 1201 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 1202 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 1203 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 1204 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 1205 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 1206 120720100402: 1208 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 1209 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 1210 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 1211 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 1212 WITH_CTF=yes"). 1213 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 1214 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 1215 to unwanted behavior. 1216 121720100311: 1218 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 1219 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 1220 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 1221 be modified accordingly. 1222 122320100113: 1224 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 1225 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 1226 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 1227 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 1228 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 1229 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 1230 1231 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 1232 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 1233 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 1234 use of utmpx. 1235 1236 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 1237 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 1238 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 1239 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 1240 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 1241 124220100108: 1243 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 1244 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 1245 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 1246 124720091202: 1248 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 1249 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 1250 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 1251 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 1252 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 1253 1254 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 1255 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 1256 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 1257 1258 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 1259 126020091125: 1261 8.0-RELEASE. 1262 126320091113: 1264 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 1265 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 1266 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 1267 operation of applications on the console. 1268 1269 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 1270 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 1271 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 1272 cons25. 1273 1274 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 1275 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 1276 performed by syscons(4). 1277 127820091109: 1279 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 1280 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 1281 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 1282 1283 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 1284 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 1285 new structure. 1286 128720091025: 1288 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 1289 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 1290 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 1291 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 1292 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 1293 iwn5150fw. 1294 129520090926: 1296 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 1297 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 1298 1299 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 1300 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 1301 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 1302 1303 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 1304 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 1305 1306 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 1307 they are obsolete. 1308 1309 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 1310 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 1311 1312 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 1313 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 1314 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 1315 1316 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 1317 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 1318 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 1319 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 1320 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 1321 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 1322 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 1323 using ifconfig(8) like: 1324 1325 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 1326 1327 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 1328 IPv6-preferred. 1329 1330 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 1331 1332 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 1333 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 1334 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 1335 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 1336 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 1337 133820090922: 1339 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 1340 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 1341 134220090912: 1343 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 1344 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 1345 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 1346 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 1347 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 1348 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 1349 135020090910: 1351 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 1352 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 1353 135420090825: 1355 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 1356 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 1357 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 1358 is 1000. 1359 136020090813: 1361 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 1362 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 1363 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 1364 136520090803: 1366 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1367 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 1368 136920090719: 1370 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 1371 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 1372 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 1373 137420090714: 1375 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 1376 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 1377 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 1378 137920090713: 1380 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 1381 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 1382 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 1383 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1384 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1385 138620090712: 1387 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1388 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1389 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1390 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1391 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1392 139320090630: 1394 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1395 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1396 may need to be adjusted. 1397 139820090629: 1399 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1400 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1401 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1402 with routing sockets. 1403 140420090628: 1405 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1406 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1407 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1408 140920090624: 1410 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1411 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1412 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1413 800100. 1414 141520090622: 1416 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1417 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1418 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1419 142020090619: 1421 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1422 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1423 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1424 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1425 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1426 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1427 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1428 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1429 1430 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1431 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1432 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1433 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1434 authentication method is used. 1435 143620090616: 1437 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1438 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1439 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1440 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1441 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1442 144320090613: 1444 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1445 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1446 144720090611: 1448 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1449 be rebuilt. 1450 145120090608: 1452 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1453 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1454 145520090602: 1456 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1457 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1458 145920090601: 1460 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1461 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1462 re-compiled. 1463 146420090601: 1465 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1466 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1467 rebuilt. 1468 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1469 147020090530: 1471 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1472 more valid. 1473 147420090530: 1475 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1476 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1477 147820090529: 1479 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1480 rebuilt. 1481 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1482 148320090528: 1484 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1485 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1486 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1487 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1488 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1489 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1490 149120090527: 1492 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1493 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1494 149520090523: 1496 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1497 need to be rebuilt. 1498 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1499 150020090523: 1501 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1502 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1503 150420090520: 1505 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1506 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1507 150820090520: 1509 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1510 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1511 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1512 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1513 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1514 151520090430: 1516 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1517 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1518 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1519 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1520 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1521 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1522 152320090429: 1524 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1525 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1526 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1527 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1528 1529 For kernel developers: 1530 1531 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1532 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1533 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1534 1535 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1536 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1537 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1538 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1539 1540 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1541 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1542 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1543 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1544 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1545 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1546 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1547 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1548 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1549 multicast membership on-link. 1550 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1551 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1552 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1553 1554 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1555 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1556 stack. 1557 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1558 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1559 semantics. 1560 1561 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1562 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1563 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1564 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1565 1566 For application developers: 1567 1568 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1569 stack. 1570 1571 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1572 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1573 1574 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1575 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1576 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1577 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1578 1579 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1580 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1581 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1582 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1583 Multicast Source Filters'. 1584 1585 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1586 1587 For systems administrators: 1588 1589 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1590 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1591 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1592 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1593 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1594 1595 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1596 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1597 1598 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1599 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1600 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1601 recommended for optimal system performance. 1602 1603 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1604 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1605 back forwarded datagrams. 1606 1607 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1608 160920090422: 1610 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1611 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1612 161320090419: 1614 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1615 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1616 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1617 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1618 161920090415: 1620 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1621 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1622 state will require a world rebuild. 1623 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1624 162520090415: 1626 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1627 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1628 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1629 163020090414: 1631 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1632 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1633 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1634 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1635 load balancing. 1636 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1637 163820090408: 1639 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1640 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1641 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1642 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1643 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1644 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1645 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1646 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1647 164820090407: 1649 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1650 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1651 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1652 165320090320: 1654 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1655 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1656 introduces some changes: 1657 1658 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1659 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1660 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1661 1662 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1663 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1664 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1665 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1666 1667 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1668 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1669 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1670 the "386BSD" type). 1671 1672 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1673 167420090319: 1675 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1676 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1677 (supported by sane). 1678 167920090319: 1680 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1681 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1682 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1683 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1684 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1685 168620090315: 1687 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1688 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1689 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1690 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1691 used. 1692 169320090313: 1694 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1695 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1696 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1697 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1698 169920090313: 1700 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1701 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1702 170320090309: 1704 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1705 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1706 1707 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1708 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1709 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1710 1711 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1712 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1713 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1714 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1715 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1716 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1717 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1718 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1719 1720 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1721 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1722 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1723 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1724 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1725 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1726 1727 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1728 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1729 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1730 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1731 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1732 1733 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1734 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1735 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1736 via IGMP. 1737 1738 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1739 recompiled to reflect this. 1740 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1741 174220090309: 1743 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1744 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1745 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1746 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1747 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1748 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1749 175020090302: 1751 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1752 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1753 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1754 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1755 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1756 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1757 175820090301: 1759 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1760 network device driver modules. 1761 176220090227: 1763 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1764 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1765 176620090223: 1767 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1768 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1769 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1770 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1771 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1772 apply. 1773 177420090217: 1775 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1776 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1777 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1778 use the new name. 1779 178020090216: 1781 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1782 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1783 add 1784 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1785 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1786 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1787 178820090215: 1789 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1790 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1791 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1792 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1793 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1794 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1795 1796 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1797 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1798 be used for this: 1799 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1800 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1801 180220090209: 1803 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1804 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1805 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1806 180720090203: 1808 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1809 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1810 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1811 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1812 same interface. 1813 181420090201: 1815 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1816 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1817 181820090119: 1819 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1820 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1821 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1822 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1823 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1824 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1825 182620090115: 1827 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1828 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1829 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1830 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1831 183220081225: 1833 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1834 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1835 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1836 in next mpd5.3 release. 1837 183820081219: 1839 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1840 the base system (it was a port). 1841 184220081216: 1843 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1844 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1845 184620081214: 1847 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1848 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1849 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1850 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1851 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1852 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1853 none of the L2 information. 1854 185520081130: 1856 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1857 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1858 1859 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1860 1861 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1862 1863 device ath_hal 1864 1865 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1866 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1867 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1868 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1869 187020081121: 1871 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1872 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1873 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1874 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1875 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1876 packets. 1877 187820081117: 1879 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1880 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1881 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1882 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1883 188420081028: 1885 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1886 188720081009: 1888 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1889 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1890 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1891 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1892 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1893 1894 uhci_load="YES" 1895 ehci_load="YES" 1896 189720081009: 1898 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1899 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1900 sync. 1901 190220081009: 1903 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1904 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1905 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1906 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1907 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1908 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1909 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1910 191120080820: 1912 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1913 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1914 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1915 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1916 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1917 1918 PCI/ISA: 1919 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1920 1921 USB: 1922 ubser, ucycom 1923 1924 Line disciplines: 1925 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1926 1927 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1928 cause compilation to fail. 1929 193020080818: 1931 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1932 193320080801: 1934 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1935 1936 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1937 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1938 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1939 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1940 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1941 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1942 accepting the RSA key. 1943 1944 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1945 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1946 command line. 1947 1948 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1949 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1950 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1951 behavior. 1952 195320080713: 1954 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1955 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1956 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1957 1958 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1959 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1960 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1961 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1962 use the new device names. 1963 1964 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1965 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1966 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1967 at the loader prompt: 1968 1969 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1970 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1971 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1972 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1973 boot -s 1974 197520080609: 1976 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1977 disks instead. 1978 197920080603: 1980 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1981 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1982 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1983 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1984 198520080525: 1986 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1987 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1988 198920080509: 1990 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1991 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1992 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1993 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1994 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1995 199620080420: 1997 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1998 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1999 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 2000 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 2001 For example, change: 2002 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 2003 to 2004 wlans_ath0=wlan0 2005 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 2006 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 2007 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 2008 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 2009 2010 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 2011 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 2012 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 2013 201420080408: 2015 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 2016 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 2017 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 2018 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 2019 other operation levels. 2020 202120080312: 2022 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 2023 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 2024 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 2025 compatibility with any prior release: 2026 2027 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 2028 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 2029 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 2030 203120080301: 2032 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 2033 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 2034 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 2035 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 2036 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 2037 nonetheless. 2038 203920080229: 2040 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 2041 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 2042 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 2043 with older hardware easier to do. 2044 204520080220: 2046 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 2047 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 2048 204920080211: 2050 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 2051 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 2052 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 2053 firewall rules. 2054 205520080208: 2056 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 2057 mbuf chains. 2058 205920080126: 2060 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 2061 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 2062 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 2063 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 2064 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 2065 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 2066 third-party software might fail to build after this change 2067 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 2068 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 2069 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 2070 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 2071 case that a portable fix is impossible. 2072 207320080123: 2074 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 2075 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 2076 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 2077 207820071128: 2079 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 2080 functionality is the default now. 2081 208220071118: 2083 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 2084 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 2085 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 2086 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 2087 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 2088 2089 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 2090 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 2091 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 2092 209320071024: 2094 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 2095 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 2096 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 2097 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 2098 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 2099 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 2100 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 2101 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 2102 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 2103 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 2104 however. 2105 210620071020: 2107 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 2108 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 2109 used kproc_start().. 2110 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 2111 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 2112 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 2113 211420071010: 2115 RELENG_7 branched. 2116 2117COMMON ITEMS: 2118 2119 General Notes 2120 ------------- 2121 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 2122 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 2123 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 2124 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 2125 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 2126 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 2127 several months have passed on the -current branch). 2128 2129 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2130 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2131 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2132 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2133 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2134 2135 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 2136 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 2137 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 2138 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 2139 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 2140 2141 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2142 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2143 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2144 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2145 2146 ZFS notes 2147 --------- 2148 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2149 these two steps: 2150 2151 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2152 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2153 2154 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2155 2156 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 2157 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 2158 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 2159 2160 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2161 2162 To build a kernel 2163 ----------------- 2164 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2165 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2166 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2167 2168 make kernel-toolchain 2169 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2170 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2171 2172 To test a kernel once 2173 --------------------- 2174 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2175 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2176 debugging information) run 2177 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2178 nextboot -k testkernel 2179 2180 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 2181 -------------------------------------------------------------- 2182 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 2183 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 2184 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 2185 2186 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 2187 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 2188 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 2189 make depend 2190 make 2191 make install 2192 2193 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 2194 2195 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2196 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2197 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2198 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2199 2200 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2201 make buildworld 2202 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2203 [1] 2204 <reboot in single user> [3] 2205 mergemaster -p [5] 2206 make installworld 2207 mergemaster -i [4] 2208 make delete-old [6] 2209 <reboot> 2210 2211 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2212 -------------------------------------------------- 2213 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2214 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2215 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2216 # size. 2217 2218 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2219 <boot into -stable> 2220 make buildworld 2221 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2222 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2223 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2224 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2225 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2226 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2227 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2228 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2229 <reboot into current> 2230 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2231 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2232 <reboot> 2233 2234 2235 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2236 ---------------------------------------------- 2237 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2238 make buildworld [9] 2239 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2240 [1] 2241 <reboot in single user> [3] 2242 mergemaster -p [5] 2243 make installworld 2244 mergemaster -i [4] 2245 make delete-old [6] 2246 <reboot> 2247 2248 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2249 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2250 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2251 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2252 the UPDATING entries. 2253 2254 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2255 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2256 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2257 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2258 much fewer pitfalls. 2259 2260 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 2261 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 2262 system on reboot. 2263 2264 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2265 fsck -p 2266 mount -u / 2267 mount -a 2268 cd src 2269 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2270 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 2271 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 2272 2273 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2274 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2275 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2276 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2277 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2278 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2279 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2280 2281 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 2282 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2283 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2284 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2285 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2286 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2287 2288 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2289 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2290 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2291 2292 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 2293 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 2294 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 2295 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 2296 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 2297 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 2298 2299 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2300 last time you updated your kernel config file. 2301 2302 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 2303 cvs prune empty directories. 2304 2305 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2306 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2307 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2308 2309 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2310 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2311 warn if it is improperly defined. 2312FORMAT: 2313 2314This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2315breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2316list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 2317If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2318to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2319 2320Copyright information: 2321 2322Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 2323 2324Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2325modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2326document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2327 2328THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2329IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2330WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2331DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2332INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2333(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2334SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2335HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2336STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2337IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2338POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2339 2340Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2341this document. 2342 2343$FreeBSD: releng/10.1/UPDATING 293894 2016-01-14 09:11:16Z glebius $ 2344