11558Srgrimes/* 298542Smckusick * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. 398542Smckusick * All rights reserved. 498542Smckusick * 598542Smckusick * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall 698542Smckusick * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security 798542Smckusick * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR 898542Smckusick * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS 9110884Smckusick * research program. 1098542Smckusick * 111558Srgrimes * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 121558Srgrimes * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 131558Srgrimes * 141558Srgrimes * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 151558Srgrimes * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 161558Srgrimes * are met: 171558Srgrimes * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 181558Srgrimes * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 191558Srgrimes * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 201558Srgrimes * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 211558Srgrimes * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 221558Srgrimes * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 231558Srgrimes * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 241558Srgrimes * without specific prior written permission. 251558Srgrimes * 261558Srgrimes * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 271558Srgrimes * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 281558Srgrimes * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 291558Srgrimes * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 301558Srgrimes * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 311558Srgrimes * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 321558Srgrimes * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 331558Srgrimes * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 341558Srgrimes * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 351558Srgrimes * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 361558Srgrimes * SUCH DAMAGE. 371558Srgrimes */ 381558Srgrimes 39114589Sobrien#if 0 401558Srgrimes#ifndef lint 4123682Speterstatic char sccsid[] = "@(#)mkfs.c 8.11 (Berkeley) 5/3/95"; 42114589Sobrien#endif /* not lint */ 4337664Scharnier#endif 44114589Sobrien#include <sys/cdefs.h> 45114589Sobrien__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 461558Srgrimes 47217769Smckusick#include <sys/param.h> 48217769Smckusick#include <sys/disklabel.h> 49217769Smckusick#include <sys/file.h> 50217769Smckusick#include <sys/ioctl.h> 51217769Smckusick#include <sys/mman.h> 52217769Smckusick#include <sys/resource.h> 53217769Smckusick#include <sys/stat.h> 54217769Smckusick#include <sys/wait.h> 5537664Scharnier#include <err.h> 56122037Smckusick#include <grp.h> 57103949Smike#include <limits.h> 5837664Scharnier#include <signal.h> 5992709Siedowse#include <stdlib.h> 6037664Scharnier#include <string.h> 6199796Sbde#include <stdint.h> 6237664Scharnier#include <stdio.h> 63217769Smckusick#include <time.h> 641558Srgrimes#include <unistd.h> 651558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 661558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 671558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 6892717Sphk#include "newfs.h" 691558Srgrimes 701558Srgrimes/* 71102231Strhodes * make file system for cylinder-group style file systems 721558Srgrimes */ 731558Srgrimes#define UMASK 0755 741558Srgrimes#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 751558Srgrimes 7692717Sphkstatic struct csum *fscs; 77110671Sjmallett#define sblock disk.d_fs 78110671Sjmallett#define acg disk.d_cg 791558Srgrimes 8098542Smckusickunion dinode { 8198542Smckusick struct ufs1_dinode dp1; 8298542Smckusick struct ufs2_dinode dp2; 8398542Smckusick}; 8498542Smckusick#define DIP(dp, field) \ 8598542Smckusick ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) ? \ 8698542Smckusick (dp)->dp1.field : (dp)->dp2.field) 871558Srgrimes 8898542Smckusickstatic caddr_t iobuf; 8998542Smckusickstatic long iobufsize; 9098542Smckusickstatic ufs2_daddr_t alloc(int size, int mode); 9192717Sphkstatic int charsperline(void); 9293775Sbdestatic void clrblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 9393775Sbdestatic void fsinit(time_t); 9492712Siedowsestatic int ilog2(int); 9593775Sbdestatic void initcg(int, time_t); 9693775Sbdestatic int isblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 9798542Smckusickstatic void iput(union dinode *, ino_t); 9893775Sbdestatic int makedir(struct direct *, int); 9993775Sbdestatic void setblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 10098542Smckusickstatic void wtfs(ufs2_daddr_t, int, char *); 101111268Smckusickstatic u_int32_t newfs_random(void); 1021558Srgrimes 103188520Scognetstatic int 104188520Scognetdo_sbwrite(struct uufsd *disk) 105188520Scognet{ 106188520Scognet if (!disk->d_sblock) 107188520Scognet disk->d_sblock = disk->d_fs.fs_sblockloc / disk->d_bsize; 108188520Scognet return (pwrite(disk->d_fd, &disk->d_fs, SBLOCKSIZE, (off_t)((part_ofs + 109188520Scognet disk->d_sblock) * disk->d_bsize))); 110188520Scognet} 111188520Scognet 11237664Scharniervoid 11395357Sphkmkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) 1141558Srgrimes{ 11598542Smckusick int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg; 116203784Smckusick long i, j, csfrags; 117203784Smckusick uint cg; 1181558Srgrimes time_t utime; 1191558Srgrimes quad_t sizepb; 12013769Sjoerg int width; 121203764Smckusick ino_t maxinum; 122203764Smckusick int minfragsperinode; /* minimum ratio of frags to inodes */ 12313769Sjoerg char tmpbuf[100]; /* XXX this will break in about 2,500 years */ 124115235Sdougb union { 125115235Sdougb struct fs fdummy; 126115235Sdougb char cdummy[SBLOCKSIZE]; 127115235Sdougb } dummy; 128115235Sdougb#define fsdummy dummy.fdummy 129115235Sdougb#define chdummy dummy.cdummy 1301558Srgrimes 131110671Sjmallett /* 132110671Sjmallett * Our blocks == sector size, and the version of UFS we are using is 133110671Sjmallett * specified by Oflag. 134110671Sjmallett */ 135110671Sjmallett disk.d_bsize = sectorsize; 136110671Sjmallett disk.d_ufs = Oflag; 137111268Smckusick if (Rflag) { 13892722Sphk utime = 1000000000; 139111268Smckusick } else { 14092722Sphk time(&utime); 141110885Smckusick arc4random_stir(); 14224215Sache } 143107294Smckusick sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED; 14498542Smckusick sblock.fs_flags = 0; 14575124Sbde if (Uflag) 14675078Sobrien sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOSOFTDEP; 147110174Sgordon if (Lflag) 148110174Sgordon strlcpy(sblock.fs_volname, volumelabel, MAXVOLLEN); 149163842Spjd if (Jflag) 150163842Spjd sblock.fs_flags |= FS_GJOURNAL; 151126254Srwatson if (lflag) 152126254Srwatson sblock.fs_flags |= FS_MULTILABEL; 153216798Skib if (tflag) 154216798Skib sblock.fs_flags |= FS_TRIM; 1551558Srgrimes /* 156102231Strhodes * Validate the given file system size. 1571558Srgrimes * Verify that its last block can actually be accessed. 158102231Strhodes * Convert to file system fragment sized units. 1591558Srgrimes */ 16098542Smckusick if (fssize <= 0) { 16199796Sbde printf("preposterous size %jd\n", (intmax_t)fssize); 16298542Smckusick exit(13); 16398542Smckusick } 16420061Ssos wtfs(fssize - (realsectorsize / DEV_BSIZE), realsectorsize, 16592532Sbde (char *)&sblock); 1661558Srgrimes /* 167102231Strhodes * collect and verify the file system density info 16875377Smckusick */ 16975377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize; 17075377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfilesperdir; 17175377Smckusick if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0) 17275377Smckusick printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n", 17375377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14); 17475377Smckusick if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0) 17575377Smckusick printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n", 17675377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15); 177203764Smckusick 178203764Smckusickrestart: 17975377Smckusick /* 1801558Srgrimes * collect and verify the block and fragment sizes 1811558Srgrimes */ 1821558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize = bsize; 1831558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fsize = fsize; 1841558Srgrimes if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) { 1851558Srgrimes printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 1861558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize); 1871558Srgrimes exit(16); 1881558Srgrimes } 1891558Srgrimes if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) { 1901558Srgrimes printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 1911558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fsize); 1921558Srgrimes exit(17); 1931558Srgrimes } 1941558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) { 195204919Ssobomax printf("increasing fragment size from %d to sector size (%d)\n", 196204919Ssobomax sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize); 19793737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize = sectorsize; 1981558Srgrimes } 199107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_bsize > MAXBSIZE) { 200107412Smckusick printf("decreasing block size from %d to maximum (%d)\n", 201107412Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, MAXBSIZE); 202107412Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize = MAXBSIZE; 203107412Smckusick } 2041558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) { 20593737Sphk printf("increasing block size from %d to minimum (%d)\n", 2061558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE); 20793737Sphk sblock.fs_bsize = MINBSIZE; 2081558Srgrimes } 209107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fsize > MAXBSIZE) { 210107412Smckusick printf("decreasing fragment size from %d to maximum (%d)\n", 211107412Smckusick sblock.fs_fsize, MAXBSIZE); 212107412Smckusick sblock.fs_fsize = MAXBSIZE; 213107412Smckusick } 2141558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) { 21593775Sbde printf("increasing block size from %d to fragment size (%d)\n", 21692532Sbde sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 21793737Sphk sblock.fs_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 2181558Srgrimes } 21993737Sphk if (sblock.fs_fsize * MAXFRAG < sblock.fs_bsize) { 22093775Sbde printf( 22193775Sbde "increasing fragment size from %d to block size / %d (%d)\n", 22293737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize, MAXFRAG, sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 22393737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize = sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG; 22493737Sphk } 225203764Smckusick if (maxbsize == 0) 226203764Smckusick maxbsize = bsize; 22798542Smckusick if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) { 22898542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 22998542Smckusick printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 23098542Smckusick } else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) { 23198542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize; 23298542Smckusick printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 23398542Smckusick } else { 23498542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize; 23598542Smckusick } 236203764Smckusick /* 237203764Smckusick * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks 238203764Smckusick * that may be allocated sequentially. With file system clustering 239203764Smckusick * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum 240203764Smckusick * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering. 241203764Smckusick */ 242203764Smckusick if (maxcontig == 0) 243203764Smckusick maxcontig = MAX(1, MAXPHYS / bsize); 24498542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 24598542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) { 24698542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize; 24798542Smckusick printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 24898542Smckusick } 24998542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1) 25098542Smckusick sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG); 2511558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1); 2521558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1); 2531558Srgrimes sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask; 2541558Srgrimes sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask; 25592712Siedowse sblock.fs_bshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_bsize); 25692712Siedowse sblock.fs_fshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize); 2571558Srgrimes sblock.fs_frag = numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize); 25892712Siedowse sblock.fs_fragshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_frag); 2591558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) { 26093775Sbde printf("fragment size %d is still too small (can't happen)\n", 2611558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 2621558Srgrimes exit(21); 2631558Srgrimes } 26498542Smckusick sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize); 26598542Smckusick sblock.fs_size = fssize = dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize); 266242379Strasz sblock.fs_providersize = dbtofsb(&sblock, mediasize / sectorsize); 267134011Sjhb 268134011Sjhb /* 269134011Sjhb * Before the filesystem is finally initialized, mark it 270134011Sjhb * as incompletely initialized. 271134011Sjhb */ 272134011Sjhb sblock.fs_magic = FS_BAD_MAGIC; 273134011Sjhb 27498542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 275107294Smckusick sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1; 27698542Smckusick sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t); 27798542Smckusick sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode); 27898542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 27998542Smckusick sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)); 28098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 28198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cgoffset = 0; 28298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff; 28398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_size = sblock.fs_size; 28498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_rotdelay = 0; 28598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_rps = 60; 28698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nspf = sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize; 28798542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg = 1; 28898542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_interleave = 1; 28998542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_trackskew = 0; 29098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpc = 0; 29198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_postblformat = 1; 29298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nrpos = 1; 29398542Smckusick } else { 294107294Smckusick sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2; 29598542Smckusick sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t); 29698542Smckusick sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode); 29798542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 29898542Smckusick sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t)); 29998542Smckusick } 3001558Srgrimes sblock.fs_sblkno = 301107294Smckusick roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_sblockloc + SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), 302107294Smckusick sblock.fs_frag); 30398542Smckusick sblock.fs_cblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno + 30498542Smckusick roundup(howmany(SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), sblock.fs_frag); 3051558Srgrimes sblock.fs_iblkno = sblock.fs_cblkno + sblock.fs_frag; 3061558Srgrimes sblock.fs_maxfilesize = sblock.fs_bsize * NDADDR - 1; 3071558Srgrimes for (sizepb = sblock.fs_bsize, i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) { 3081558Srgrimes sizepb *= NINDIR(&sblock); 3091558Srgrimes sblock.fs_maxfilesize += sizepb; 3101558Srgrimes } 311142119Sdelphij 3121558Srgrimes /* 313142119Sdelphij * It's impossible to create a snapshot in case that fs_maxfilesize 314142119Sdelphij * is smaller than the fssize. 315142119Sdelphij */ 316142119Sdelphij if (sblock.fs_maxfilesize < (u_quad_t)fssize) { 317142119Sdelphij warnx("WARNING: You will be unable to create snapshots on this " 318142119Sdelphij "file system. Correct by using a larger blocksize."); 319142119Sdelphij } 320142119Sdelphij 321142119Sdelphij /* 32298542Smckusick * Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group. 32398542Smckusick * 32498542Smckusick * This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder 32598542Smckusick * group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks 32698542Smckusick * in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once 32798542Smckusick * this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least 32898542Smckusick * MINCYLGRPS cylinder groups. Once this goal is achieved, we 32998542Smckusick * pack as many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit. 33098542Smckusick * 33198542Smckusick * We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we 33298542Smckusick * can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce 33398542Smckusick * the density until it fits. 3341558Srgrimes */ 335203764Smckusick maxinum = (((int64_t)(1)) << 32) - INOPB(&sblock); 336203764Smckusick minfragsperinode = 1 + fssize / maxinum; 337203764Smckusick if (density == 0) { 338203764Smckusick density = MAX(NFPI, minfragsperinode) * fsize; 339203764Smckusick } else if (density < minfragsperinode * fsize) { 340203764Smckusick origdensity = density; 341203764Smckusick density = minfragsperinode * fsize; 342204919Ssobomax fprintf(stderr, "density increased from %d to %d\n", 343204919Ssobomax origdensity, density); 344203764Smckusick } 34598542Smckusick origdensity = density; 34698542Smckusick for (;;) { 347107412Smckusick fragsperinode = MAX(numfrags(&sblock, density), 1); 348203764Smckusick if (fragsperinode < minfragsperinode) { 349203764Smckusick bsize <<= 1; 350203764Smckusick fsize <<= 1; 351204919Ssobomax printf("Block size too small for a file system %s %d\n", 352204919Ssobomax "of this size. Increasing blocksize to", bsize); 353203764Smckusick goto restart; 354203764Smckusick } 35598542Smckusick minfpg = fragsperinode * INOPB(&sblock); 35698542Smckusick if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size) 35798542Smckusick minfpg = sblock.fs_size; 35898542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = INOPB(&sblock); 35998542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 36098542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 36198542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 36298542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 36398542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 36498542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 36598542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 36698542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 36798542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 36898542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 36998542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 37098542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 37198542Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 37298542Smckusick break; 37398542Smckusick density -= sblock.fs_fsize; 3741558Srgrimes } 37598542Smckusick if (density != origdensity) 376204919Ssobomax printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density); 3771558Srgrimes /* 37898542Smckusick * Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until 37998542Smckusick * it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups 38098542Smckusick * drops below MINCYLGRPS, or we reach the size requested. 381213119Smckusick * For UFS1 inodes per cylinder group are stored in an int16_t 382213119Smckusick * so fs_ipg is limited to 2^15 - 1. 3831558Srgrimes */ 38498542Smckusick for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) { 38598542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 38698542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 387213119Smckusick if (Oflag > 1 || (Oflag == 1 && sblock.fs_ipg <= 0x7fff)) { 388213119Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < MINCYLGRPS) 389213119Smckusick break; 390213119Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 391213119Smckusick continue; 392213119Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 393213119Smckusick break; 394213119Smckusick } 39598542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 39698542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 39798542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 39898542Smckusick break; 3991558Srgrimes } 4008871Srgrimes /* 40198542Smckusick * Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks 40298542Smckusick * to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks 40398542Smckusick * per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more 40498542Smckusick * blocks into the last cylinder group. 4051558Srgrimes */ 40698542Smckusick optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 40798542Smckusick for (;;) { 40898542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg); 40998542Smckusick lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 41098542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 41198542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) { 41299796Sbde printf("Filesystem size %jd < minimum size of %d\n", 41399796Sbde (intmax_t)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg); 41498542Smckusick exit(28); 41598542Smckusick } 41698542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg || 41798542Smckusick sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0) 41898542Smckusick break; 41998542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 42098542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 42198542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 4221558Srgrimes } 42398542Smckusick if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg) 42498542Smckusick printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n", 42598542Smckusick optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group"); 4261558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock)); 4271558Srgrimes sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 42898542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 42998542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf; 43098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 43198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 43298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg; 4331558Srgrimes } 4341558Srgrimes /* 4351558Srgrimes * fill in remaining fields of the super block 4361558Srgrimes */ 4371558Srgrimes sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0); 4381558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cssize = 4391558Srgrimes fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum)); 4401558Srgrimes fscs = (struct csum *)calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize); 44137664Scharnier if (fscs == NULL) 44237664Scharnier errx(31, "calloc failed"); 44398542Smckusick sblock.fs_sbsize = fragroundup(&sblock, sizeof(struct fs)); 444105423Smckusick if (sblock.fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE) 445105423Smckusick sblock.fs_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 4461558Srgrimes sblock.fs_minfree = minfree; 447248623Smckusick if (metaspace > 0 && metaspace < sblock.fs_fpg / 2) 448248623Smckusick sblock.fs_metaspace = blknum(&sblock, metaspace); 449248623Smckusick else if (metaspace != -1) 450248623Smckusick /* reserve half of minfree for metadata blocks */ 451248623Smckusick sblock.fs_metaspace = blknum(&sblock, 452248623Smckusick (sblock.fs_fpg * minfree) / 200); 453203764Smckusick if (maxbpg == 0) 454203764Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(sblock.fs_bsize); 455203764Smckusick else 456203764Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbpg = maxbpg; 4571558Srgrimes sblock.fs_optim = opt; 4581558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cgrotor = 0; 45998542Smckusick sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0; 46098542Smckusick sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0; 4611558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fmod = 0; 4621558Srgrimes sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 46398542Smckusick sblock.fs_state = 0; 4642294Sdg sblock.fs_clean = 1; 46524149Sguido sblock.fs_id[0] = (long)utime; 466111268Smckusick sblock.fs_id[1] = newfs_random(); 46798542Smckusick sblock.fs_fsmnt[0] = '\0'; 46898542Smckusick csfrags = howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 46998542Smckusick sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_size - sblock.fs_sblkno - 47098542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg * (sblock.fs_dblkno - sblock.fs_sblkno); 47198542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 47298542Smckusick fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_dsize) - 47398542Smckusick howmany(csfrags, sblock.fs_frag); 47498542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 47598542Smckusick fragnum(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) + 476107519Smckusick (fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) > 0 ? 477107519Smckusick sblock.fs_frag - fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) : 0); 47898542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg - ROOTINO; 47998542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 48098542Smckusick sblock.fs_dsize -= csfrags; 48198542Smckusick sblock.fs_time = utime; 48298542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 48398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_time = utime; 48498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_dsize = sblock.fs_dsize; 48598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_csaddr = sblock.fs_csaddr; 48698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 48798542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 48898542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 48998542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 49098542Smckusick } 49124149Sguido 4921558Srgrimes /* 493102231Strhodes * Dump out summary information about file system. 4941558Srgrimes */ 49598542Smckusick# define B2MBFACTOR (1 / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) 49699796Sbde printf("%s: %.1fMB (%jd sectors) block size %d, fragment size %d\n", 49798542Smckusick fsys, (float)sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 49899796Sbde (intmax_t)fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size), sblock.fs_bsize, 49999796Sbde sblock.fs_fsize); 50098542Smckusick printf("\tusing %d cylinder groups of %.2fMB, %d blks, %d inodes.\n", 50198542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg, (float)sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 50298542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_frag, sblock.fs_ipg); 50398542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 50498542Smckusick printf("\twith soft updates\n"); 50598542Smckusick# undef B2MBFACTOR 506115235Sdougb 507174675Sphk if (Eflag && !Nflag) { 508174676Sphk printf("Erasing sectors [%jd...%jd]\n", 509174675Sphk sblock.fs_sblockloc / disk.d_bsize, 510174676Sphk fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) - 1); 511174675Sphk berase(&disk, sblock.fs_sblockloc / disk.d_bsize, 512174675Sphk sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize - sblock.fs_sblockloc); 513174675Sphk } 5141558Srgrimes /* 515115235Sdougb * Wipe out old UFS1 superblock(s) if necessary. 516115235Sdougb */ 517115235Sdougb if (!Nflag && Oflag != 1) { 518185588Sluigi i = bread(&disk, part_ofs + SBLOCK_UFS1 / disk.d_bsize, chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 519115235Sdougb if (i == -1) 520115235Sdougb err(1, "can't read old UFS1 superblock: %s", disk.d_error); 521115235Sdougb 522115235Sdougb if (fsdummy.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 523115235Sdougb fsdummy.fs_magic = 0; 524188520Scognet bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + SBLOCK_UFS1 / disk.d_bsize, 525188520Scognet chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 526221049Scperciva for (cg = 0; cg < fsdummy.fs_ncg; cg++) { 527221049Scperciva if (fsbtodb(&fsdummy, cgsblock(&fsdummy, cg)) > fssize) 528221049Scperciva break; 529188520Scognet bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&fsdummy, 530203784Smckusick cgsblock(&fsdummy, cg)), chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 531221049Scperciva } 532115235Sdougb } 533115235Sdougb } 534122783Swes if (!Nflag) 535188520Scognet do_sbwrite(&disk); 536174675Sphk if (Xflag == 1) { 537174675Sphk printf("** Exiting on Xflag 1\n"); 538122785Swes exit(0); 539122785Swes } 540174675Sphk if (Xflag == 2) 541174675Sphk printf("** Leaving BAD MAGIC on Xflag 2\n"); 542134011Sjhb else 543134011Sjhb sblock.fs_magic = (Oflag != 1) ? FS_UFS2_MAGIC : FS_UFS1_MAGIC; 544115235Sdougb 545115235Sdougb /* 5461558Srgrimes * Now build the cylinders group blocks and 5471558Srgrimes * then print out indices of cylinder groups. 5481558Srgrimes */ 54977420Sphk printf("super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:\n"); 55013769Sjoerg i = 0; 55113769Sjoerg width = charsperline(); 55298542Smckusick /* 553107412Smckusick * allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and 554107412Smckusick * two sets of inode blocks. 555107412Smckusick */ 556107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE) 557107412Smckusick iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize; 558107412Smckusick else 559107412Smckusick iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize; 560176851Sdelphij if ((iobuf = calloc(1, iobufsize)) == 0) { 561107412Smckusick printf("Cannot allocate I/O buffer\n"); 562107412Smckusick exit(38); 563107412Smckusick } 564107412Smckusick /* 56598542Smckusick * Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be 56698542Smckusick * writing out in each cylinder group. 56798542Smckusick */ 56898542Smckusick bcopy((char *)&sblock, iobuf, SBLOCKSIZE); 569203784Smckusick for (cg = 0; cg < sblock.fs_ncg; cg++) { 570203784Smckusick initcg(cg, utime); 57199796Sbde j = snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), " %jd%s", 572203784Smckusick (intmax_t)fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cg)), 573203784Smckusick cg < (sblock.fs_ncg-1) ? "," : ""); 57481980Sbrian if (j < 0) 57581980Sbrian tmpbuf[j = 0] = '\0'; 57637239Sbde if (i + j >= width) { 5771558Srgrimes printf("\n"); 57813769Sjoerg i = 0; 57913769Sjoerg } 58013769Sjoerg i += j; 58113769Sjoerg printf("%s", tmpbuf); 5828218Sdg fflush(stdout); 5831558Srgrimes } 58477420Sphk printf("\n"); 58577420Sphk if (Nflag) 5861558Srgrimes exit(0); 5871558Srgrimes /* 588102231Strhodes * Now construct the initial file system, 5891558Srgrimes * then write out the super-block. 5901558Srgrimes */ 5911558Srgrimes fsinit(utime); 59298542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 59398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 59498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 59598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 59698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 59798542Smckusick } 598174675Sphk if (Xflag == 3) { 599174675Sphk printf("** Exiting on Xflag 3\n"); 600122785Swes exit(0); 601122785Swes } 602213119Smckusick if (!Nflag) { 603188520Scognet do_sbwrite(&disk); 604213119Smckusick /* 605213119Smckusick * For UFS1 filesystems with a blocksize of 64K, the first 606213119Smckusick * alternate superblock resides at the location used for 607213119Smckusick * the default UFS2 superblock. As there is a valid 608213119Smckusick * superblock at this location, the boot code will use 609213119Smckusick * it as its first choice. Thus we have to ensure that 610213119Smckusick * all of its statistcs on usage are correct. 611213119Smckusick */ 612213119Smckusick if (Oflag == 1 && sblock.fs_bsize == 65536) 613213119Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, 0)), 614213119Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, (char *)&sblock); 615213119Smckusick } 6161558Srgrimes for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize) 6171558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + numfrags(&sblock, i)), 6181558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ? 61985860Sphk sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize, 6201558Srgrimes ((char *)fscs) + i); 6211558Srgrimes /* 622201399Smbr * Update information about this partition in pack 6231558Srgrimes * label, to that it may be updated on disk. 6241558Srgrimes */ 62595357Sphk if (pp != NULL) { 62695357Sphk pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS; 62795357Sphk pp->p_fsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 62895357Sphk pp->p_frag = sblock.fs_frag; 62998542Smckusick pp->p_cpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 63095357Sphk } 6311558Srgrimes} 6321558Srgrimes 6331558Srgrimes/* 6341558Srgrimes * Initialize a cylinder group. 6351558Srgrimes */ 63637664Scharniervoid 63792711Siedowseinitcg(int cylno, time_t utime) 6381558Srgrimes{ 639203784Smckusick long blkno, start; 640203784Smckusick uint i, j, d, dlower, dupper; 64198542Smckusick ufs2_daddr_t cbase, dmax; 64298542Smckusick struct ufs1_dinode *dp1; 64398542Smckusick struct ufs2_dinode *dp2; 64492483Sphk struct csum *cs; 6451558Srgrimes 6461558Srgrimes /* 6471558Srgrimes * Determine block bounds for cylinder group. 6481558Srgrimes * Allow space for super block summary information in first 6491558Srgrimes * cylinder group. 6501558Srgrimes */ 6511558Srgrimes cbase = cgbase(&sblock, cylno); 6521558Srgrimes dmax = cbase + sblock.fs_fpg; 6531558Srgrimes if (dmax > sblock.fs_size) 6541558Srgrimes dmax = sblock.fs_size; 6551558Srgrimes dlower = cgsblock(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 6561558Srgrimes dupper = cgdmin(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 6571558Srgrimes if (cylno == 0) 6581558Srgrimes dupper += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 65998542Smckusick cs = &fscs[cylno]; 66023682Speter memset(&acg, 0, sblock.fs_cgsize); 6611558Srgrimes acg.cg_time = utime; 6621558Srgrimes acg.cg_magic = CG_MAGIC; 6631558Srgrimes acg.cg_cgx = cylno; 6641558Srgrimes acg.cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg; 66598542Smckusick acg.cg_initediblk = sblock.fs_ipg < 2 * INOPB(&sblock) ? 66698542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg : 2 * INOPB(&sblock); 6671558Srgrimes acg.cg_ndblk = dmax - cbase; 6681558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 6691558Srgrimes acg.cg_nclusterblks = acg.cg_ndblk / sblock.fs_frag; 67098542Smckusick start = &acg.cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&acg.cg_firstfield); 67198542Smckusick if (Oflag == 2) { 67298542Smckusick acg.cg_iusedoff = start; 67398542Smckusick } else { 67498542Smckusick acg.cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg; 67598542Smckusick acg.cg_old_time = acg.cg_time; 67698542Smckusick acg.cg_time = 0; 67798542Smckusick acg.cg_old_niblk = acg.cg_niblk; 67898542Smckusick acg.cg_niblk = 0; 67998542Smckusick acg.cg_initediblk = 0; 68098542Smckusick acg.cg_old_btotoff = start; 68198542Smckusick acg.cg_old_boff = acg.cg_old_btotoff + 68298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t); 68398542Smckusick acg.cg_iusedoff = acg.cg_old_boff + 68498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t); 68598542Smckusick } 686103949Smike acg.cg_freeoff = acg.cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT); 687103949Smike acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_freeoff + howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT); 68898542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 6891558Srgrimes acg.cg_clustersumoff = 69098542Smckusick roundup(acg.cg_nextfreeoff, sizeof(u_int32_t)); 69198542Smckusick acg.cg_clustersumoff -= sizeof(u_int32_t); 6921558Srgrimes acg.cg_clusteroff = acg.cg_clustersumoff + 69338579Sdfr (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(u_int32_t); 69498542Smckusick acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_clusteroff + 695103949Smike howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT); 6961558Srgrimes } 697203784Smckusick if (acg.cg_nextfreeoff > (unsigned)sblock.fs_cgsize) { 6981558Srgrimes printf("Panic: cylinder group too big\n"); 6991558Srgrimes exit(37); 7001558Srgrimes } 7011558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree += sblock.fs_ipg; 7021558Srgrimes if (cylno == 0) 70398542Smckusick for (i = 0; i < (long)ROOTINO; i++) { 7041558Srgrimes setbit(cg_inosused(&acg), i); 7051558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 7061558Srgrimes } 7071558Srgrimes if (cylno > 0) { 7081558Srgrimes /* 7091558Srgrimes * In cylno 0, beginning space is reserved 7101558Srgrimes * for boot and super blocks. 7111558Srgrimes */ 7121558Srgrimes for (d = 0; d < dlower; d += sblock.fs_frag) { 7131558Srgrimes blkno = d / sblock.fs_frag; 7141558Srgrimes setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 7151558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 7161558Srgrimes setbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 7171558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 7181558Srgrimes } 7191558Srgrimes } 72037664Scharnier if ((i = dupper % sblock.fs_frag)) { 7211558Srgrimes acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - i]++; 7221558Srgrimes for (d = dupper + sblock.fs_frag - i; dupper < d; dupper++) { 7231558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), dupper); 7241558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 7251558Srgrimes } 7261558Srgrimes } 72798542Smckusick for (d = dupper; d + sblock.fs_frag <= acg.cg_ndblk; 72898542Smckusick d += sblock.fs_frag) { 7291558Srgrimes blkno = d / sblock.fs_frag; 7301558Srgrimes setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 7311558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 7321558Srgrimes setbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 7331558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 7341558Srgrimes } 73598542Smckusick if (d < acg.cg_ndblk) { 73698542Smckusick acg.cg_frsum[acg.cg_ndblk - d]++; 73798542Smckusick for (; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d++) { 7381558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), d); 7391558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 7401558Srgrimes } 7411558Srgrimes } 7421558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 74323682Speter int32_t *sump = cg_clustersum(&acg); 7441558Srgrimes u_char *mapp = cg_clustersfree(&acg); 7451558Srgrimes int map = *mapp++; 7461558Srgrimes int bit = 1; 7471558Srgrimes int run = 0; 7481558Srgrimes 7491558Srgrimes for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_nclusterblks; i++) { 75085860Sphk if ((map & bit) != 0) 7511558Srgrimes run++; 75285860Sphk else if (run != 0) { 7531558Srgrimes if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 7541558Srgrimes run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 7551558Srgrimes sump[run]++; 7561558Srgrimes run = 0; 7571558Srgrimes } 758103949Smike if ((i & (CHAR_BIT - 1)) != CHAR_BIT - 1) 7591558Srgrimes bit <<= 1; 76085860Sphk else { 7611558Srgrimes map = *mapp++; 7621558Srgrimes bit = 1; 7631558Srgrimes } 7641558Srgrimes } 7651558Srgrimes if (run != 0) { 7661558Srgrimes if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 7671558Srgrimes run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 7681558Srgrimes sump[run]++; 7691558Srgrimes } 7701558Srgrimes } 7711558Srgrimes *cs = acg.cg_cs; 77298542Smckusick /* 77398542Smckusick * Write out the duplicate super block, the cylinder group map 77498542Smckusick * and two blocks worth of inodes in a single write. 77598542Smckusick */ 77698542Smckusick start = sblock.fs_bsize > SBLOCKSIZE ? sblock.fs_bsize : SBLOCKSIZE; 77798542Smckusick bcopy((char *)&acg, &iobuf[start], sblock.fs_cgsize); 77898542Smckusick start += sblock.fs_bsize; 77998542Smckusick dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 78098542Smckusick dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 78198542Smckusick for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_initediblk; i++) { 78298542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 783111268Smckusick dp1->di_gen = newfs_random(); 78498542Smckusick dp1++; 78598542Smckusick } else { 786111268Smckusick dp2->di_gen = newfs_random(); 78798542Smckusick dp2++; 78898542Smckusick } 78998542Smckusick } 79098542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)), iobufsize, iobuf); 79198542Smckusick /* 792102231Strhodes * For the old file system, we have to initialize all the inodes. 79398542Smckusick */ 79498542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 79598542Smckusick for (i = 2 * sblock.fs_frag; 79698542Smckusick i < sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 79798542Smckusick i += sblock.fs_frag) { 79898542Smckusick dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 79998542Smckusick for (j = 0; j < INOPB(&sblock); j++) { 800111268Smckusick dp1->di_gen = newfs_random(); 80198542Smckusick dp1++; 80298542Smckusick } 80398542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgimin(&sblock, cylno) + i), 80498542Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, &iobuf[start]); 80598542Smckusick } 80698542Smckusick } 8071558Srgrimes} 8081558Srgrimes 8091558Srgrimes/* 810102231Strhodes * initialize the file system 8111558Srgrimes */ 812122037Smckusick#define ROOTLINKCNT 3 8131558Srgrimes 814227081Sedstatic struct direct root_dir[] = { 8151558Srgrimes { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "." }, 8161558Srgrimes { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".." }, 817122037Smckusick { ROOTINO + 1, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 5, ".snap" }, 8181558Srgrimes}; 8191558Srgrimes 820122037Smckusick#define SNAPLINKCNT 2 821122037Smckusick 822227081Sedstatic struct direct snap_dir[] = { 823122037Smckusick { ROOTINO + 1, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "." }, 824122037Smckusick { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".." }, 825122037Smckusick}; 826122037Smckusick 82737664Scharniervoid 82892711Siedowsefsinit(time_t utime) 8291558Srgrimes{ 83098542Smckusick union dinode node; 831122037Smckusick struct group *grp; 832149048Siedowse gid_t gid; 833140603Swes int entries; 8341558Srgrimes 83598542Smckusick memset(&node, 0, sizeof node); 836149048Siedowse if ((grp = getgrnam("operator")) != NULL) { 837149048Siedowse gid = grp->gr_gid; 838149048Siedowse } else { 839162689Sdelphij warnx("Cannot retrieve operator gid, using gid 0."); 840149048Siedowse gid = 0; 841149048Siedowse } 842140603Swes entries = (nflag) ? ROOTLINKCNT - 1: ROOTLINKCNT; 84398542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 84498542Smckusick /* 84598542Smckusick * initialize the node 84698542Smckusick */ 84798542Smckusick node.dp1.di_atime = utime; 84898542Smckusick node.dp1.di_mtime = utime; 84998542Smckusick node.dp1.di_ctime = utime; 85098542Smckusick /* 85198542Smckusick * create the root directory 85298542Smckusick */ 85398542Smckusick node.dp1.di_mode = IFDIR | UMASK; 854140603Swes node.dp1.di_nlink = entries; 855140603Swes node.dp1.di_size = makedir(root_dir, entries); 85698542Smckusick node.dp1.di_db[0] = alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp1.di_mode); 85798542Smckusick node.dp1.di_blocks = 85898542Smckusick btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp1.di_size)); 85998542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp1.di_db[0]), sblock.fs_fsize, 86098542Smckusick iobuf); 861122037Smckusick iput(&node, ROOTINO); 862140603Swes if (!nflag) { 863140603Swes /* 864140603Swes * create the .snap directory 865140603Swes */ 866140603Swes node.dp1.di_mode |= 020; 867149048Siedowse node.dp1.di_gid = gid; 868140603Swes node.dp1.di_nlink = SNAPLINKCNT; 869140603Swes node.dp1.di_size = makedir(snap_dir, SNAPLINKCNT); 870140603Swes node.dp1.di_db[0] = 871140603Swes alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp1.di_mode); 872140603Swes node.dp1.di_blocks = 873140603Swes btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp1.di_size)); 874140603Swes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp1.di_db[0]), 875140603Swes sblock.fs_fsize, iobuf); 876140603Swes iput(&node, ROOTINO + 1); 877140603Swes } 87898542Smckusick } else { 87998542Smckusick /* 88098542Smckusick * initialize the node 88198542Smckusick */ 88298542Smckusick node.dp2.di_atime = utime; 88398542Smckusick node.dp2.di_mtime = utime; 88498542Smckusick node.dp2.di_ctime = utime; 885100231Sroberto node.dp2.di_birthtime = utime; 88698542Smckusick /* 88798542Smckusick * create the root directory 88898542Smckusick */ 88998542Smckusick node.dp2.di_mode = IFDIR | UMASK; 890140603Swes node.dp2.di_nlink = entries; 891140603Swes node.dp2.di_size = makedir(root_dir, entries); 89298542Smckusick node.dp2.di_db[0] = alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp2.di_mode); 89398542Smckusick node.dp2.di_blocks = 89498542Smckusick btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp2.di_size)); 89598542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp2.di_db[0]), sblock.fs_fsize, 89698542Smckusick iobuf); 897122037Smckusick iput(&node, ROOTINO); 898140603Swes if (!nflag) { 899140603Swes /* 900140603Swes * create the .snap directory 901140603Swes */ 902140603Swes node.dp2.di_mode |= 020; 903149048Siedowse node.dp2.di_gid = gid; 904140603Swes node.dp2.di_nlink = SNAPLINKCNT; 905140603Swes node.dp2.di_size = makedir(snap_dir, SNAPLINKCNT); 906140603Swes node.dp2.di_db[0] = 907140603Swes alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp2.di_mode); 908140603Swes node.dp2.di_blocks = 909140603Swes btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp2.di_size)); 910140603Swes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp2.di_db[0]), 911140603Swes sblock.fs_fsize, iobuf); 912140603Swes iput(&node, ROOTINO + 1); 913140603Swes } 91498542Smckusick } 9151558Srgrimes} 9161558Srgrimes 9171558Srgrimes/* 91898542Smckusick * construct a set of directory entries in "iobuf". 9191558Srgrimes * return size of directory. 9201558Srgrimes */ 92137664Scharnierint 92292711Siedowsemakedir(struct direct *protodir, int entries) 9231558Srgrimes{ 9241558Srgrimes char *cp; 9251558Srgrimes int i, spcleft; 9261558Srgrimes 9271558Srgrimes spcleft = DIRBLKSIZ; 92898542Smckusick memset(iobuf, 0, DIRBLKSIZ); 92998542Smckusick for (cp = iobuf, i = 0; i < entries - 1; i++) { 9301558Srgrimes protodir[i].d_reclen = DIRSIZ(0, &protodir[i]); 93123682Speter memmove(cp, &protodir[i], protodir[i].d_reclen); 9321558Srgrimes cp += protodir[i].d_reclen; 9331558Srgrimes spcleft -= protodir[i].d_reclen; 9341558Srgrimes } 9351558Srgrimes protodir[i].d_reclen = spcleft; 93623682Speter memmove(cp, &protodir[i], DIRSIZ(0, &protodir[i])); 9371558Srgrimes return (DIRBLKSIZ); 9381558Srgrimes} 9391558Srgrimes 9401558Srgrimes/* 9411558Srgrimes * allocate a block or frag 9421558Srgrimes */ 94398542Smckusickufs2_daddr_t 94492711Siedowsealloc(int size, int mode) 9451558Srgrimes{ 946203784Smckusick int i, blkno, frag; 947203784Smckusick uint d; 9481558Srgrimes 949185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), (char *)&acg, 950110671Sjmallett sblock.fs_cgsize); 9511558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) { 9521558Srgrimes printf("cg 0: bad magic number\n"); 953118493Syar exit(38); 9541558Srgrimes } 9551558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree == 0) { 9561558Srgrimes printf("first cylinder group ran out of space\n"); 957118493Syar exit(39); 9581558Srgrimes } 9591558Srgrimes for (d = 0; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d += sblock.fs_frag) 9601558Srgrimes if (isblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), d / sblock.fs_frag)) 9611558Srgrimes goto goth; 9621558Srgrimes printf("internal error: can't find block in cyl 0\n"); 963118493Syar exit(40); 9641558Srgrimesgoth: 9651558Srgrimes blkno = fragstoblks(&sblock, d); 9661558Srgrimes clrblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 96723682Speter if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 96823682Speter clrbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 9691558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree--; 9701558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree--; 9711558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nbfree--; 9721558Srgrimes if (mode & IFDIR) { 9731558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_ndir++; 9741558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir++; 9751558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_ndir++; 9761558Srgrimes } 9771558Srgrimes if (size != sblock.fs_bsize) { 9781558Srgrimes frag = howmany(size, sblock.fs_fsize); 9791558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 9801558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 9811558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 9821558Srgrimes acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - frag]++; 9831558Srgrimes for (i = frag; i < sblock.fs_frag; i++) 9841558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), d + i); 9851558Srgrimes } 986110671Sjmallett /* XXX cgwrite(&disk, 0)??? */ 9871558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), sblock.fs_cgsize, 9881558Srgrimes (char *)&acg); 98998542Smckusick return ((ufs2_daddr_t)d); 9901558Srgrimes} 9911558Srgrimes 9921558Srgrimes/* 9931558Srgrimes * Allocate an inode on the disk 9941558Srgrimes */ 99537664Scharniervoid 99698542Smckusickiput(union dinode *ip, ino_t ino) 9971558Srgrimes{ 99898542Smckusick ufs2_daddr_t d; 9991558Srgrimes 1000185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), (char *)&acg, 1001110671Sjmallett sblock.fs_cgsize); 10021558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) { 10031558Srgrimes printf("cg 0: bad magic number\n"); 10041558Srgrimes exit(31); 10051558Srgrimes } 10061558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 10071558Srgrimes setbit(cg_inosused(&acg), ino); 10081558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), sblock.fs_cgsize, 10091558Srgrimes (char *)&acg); 10101558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree--; 10111558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nifree--; 101298542Smckusick if (ino >= (unsigned long)sblock.fs_ipg * sblock.fs_ncg) { 1013241013Smdf printf("fsinit: inode value out of range (%ju).\n", 1014241013Smdf (uintmax_t)ino); 10151558Srgrimes exit(32); 10161558Srgrimes } 10171558Srgrimes d = fsbtodb(&sblock, ino_to_fsba(&sblock, ino)); 1018185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + d, (char *)iobuf, sblock.fs_bsize); 101998542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) 102098542Smckusick ((struct ufs1_dinode *)iobuf)[ino_to_fsbo(&sblock, ino)] = 102198542Smckusick ip->dp1; 102298542Smckusick else 102398542Smckusick ((struct ufs2_dinode *)iobuf)[ino_to_fsbo(&sblock, ino)] = 102498542Smckusick ip->dp2; 1025110065Sjmallett wtfs(d, sblock.fs_bsize, (char *)iobuf); 10261558Srgrimes} 10271558Srgrimes 10281558Srgrimes/* 1029110671Sjmallett * possibly write to disk 10301558Srgrimes */ 103193737Sphkstatic void 103298542Smckusickwtfs(ufs2_daddr_t bno, int size, char *bf) 10331558Srgrimes{ 10341558Srgrimes if (Nflag) 10351558Srgrimes return; 1036188520Scognet if (bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + bno, bf, size) < 0) 1037114877Siedowse err(36, "wtfs: %d bytes at sector %jd", size, (intmax_t)bno); 10381558Srgrimes} 10391558Srgrimes 10401558Srgrimes/* 10411558Srgrimes * check if a block is available 10421558Srgrimes */ 104393737Sphkstatic int 104492711Siedowseisblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 10451558Srgrimes{ 10461558Srgrimes unsigned char mask; 10471558Srgrimes 10481558Srgrimes switch (fs->fs_frag) { 10491558Srgrimes case 8: 10501558Srgrimes return (cp[h] == 0xff); 10511558Srgrimes case 4: 10521558Srgrimes mask = 0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2); 10531558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 1] & mask) == mask); 10541558Srgrimes case 2: 10551558Srgrimes mask = 0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1); 10561558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 2] & mask) == mask); 10571558Srgrimes case 1: 10581558Srgrimes mask = 0x01 << (h & 0x7); 10591558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 3] & mask) == mask); 10601558Srgrimes default: 10611558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "isblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 10621558Srgrimes return (0); 10631558Srgrimes } 10641558Srgrimes} 10651558Srgrimes 10661558Srgrimes/* 10671558Srgrimes * take a block out of the map 10681558Srgrimes */ 106993737Sphkstatic void 107092711Siedowseclrblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 10711558Srgrimes{ 10721558Srgrimes switch ((fs)->fs_frag) { 10731558Srgrimes case 8: 10741558Srgrimes cp[h] = 0; 10751558Srgrimes return; 10761558Srgrimes case 4: 10771558Srgrimes cp[h >> 1] &= ~(0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2)); 10781558Srgrimes return; 10791558Srgrimes case 2: 10801558Srgrimes cp[h >> 2] &= ~(0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1)); 10811558Srgrimes return; 10821558Srgrimes case 1: 10831558Srgrimes cp[h >> 3] &= ~(0x01 << (h & 0x7)); 10841558Srgrimes return; 10851558Srgrimes default: 10861558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "clrblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 10871558Srgrimes return; 10881558Srgrimes } 10891558Srgrimes} 10901558Srgrimes 10911558Srgrimes/* 10921558Srgrimes * put a block into the map 10931558Srgrimes */ 109493737Sphkstatic void 109592711Siedowsesetblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 10961558Srgrimes{ 10971558Srgrimes switch (fs->fs_frag) { 10981558Srgrimes case 8: 10991558Srgrimes cp[h] = 0xff; 11001558Srgrimes return; 11011558Srgrimes case 4: 11021558Srgrimes cp[h >> 1] |= (0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2)); 11031558Srgrimes return; 11041558Srgrimes case 2: 11051558Srgrimes cp[h >> 2] |= (0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1)); 11061558Srgrimes return; 11071558Srgrimes case 1: 11081558Srgrimes cp[h >> 3] |= (0x01 << (h & 0x7)); 11091558Srgrimes return; 11101558Srgrimes default: 11111558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "setblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 11121558Srgrimes return; 11131558Srgrimes } 11141558Srgrimes} 111513637Sjoerg 111613637Sjoerg/* 111713769Sjoerg * Determine the number of characters in a 111813637Sjoerg * single line. 111913637Sjoerg */ 112013637Sjoerg 112113637Sjoergstatic int 112292717Sphkcharsperline(void) 112313637Sjoerg{ 112413769Sjoerg int columns; 112513637Sjoerg char *cp; 112613637Sjoerg struct winsize ws; 112713637Sjoerg 112813637Sjoerg columns = 0; 112913637Sjoerg if (ioctl(0, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1) 113013637Sjoerg columns = ws.ws_col; 113113637Sjoerg if (columns == 0 && (cp = getenv("COLUMNS"))) 113213637Sjoerg columns = atoi(cp); 113313637Sjoerg if (columns == 0) 113413637Sjoerg columns = 80; /* last resort */ 113585860Sphk return (columns); 113613637Sjoerg} 113792712Siedowse 113892712Siedowsestatic int 113992712Siedowseilog2(int val) 114092712Siedowse{ 114192763Sphk u_int n; 114292712Siedowse 1143103949Smike for (n = 0; n < sizeof(n) * CHAR_BIT; n++) 114492712Siedowse if (1 << n == val) 114592712Siedowse return (n); 114692712Siedowse errx(1, "ilog2: %d is not a power of 2\n", val); 114792712Siedowse} 1148111268Smckusick 1149111268Smckusick/* 1150111268Smckusick * For the regression test, return predictable random values. 1151111268Smckusick * Otherwise use a true random number generator. 1152111268Smckusick */ 1153111268Smckusickstatic u_int32_t 1154111268Smckusicknewfs_random(void) 1155111268Smckusick{ 1156111268Smckusick static int nextnum = 1; 1157111268Smckusick 1158111268Smckusick if (Rflag) 1159111268Smckusick return (nextnum++); 1160111268Smckusick return (arc4random()); 1161111268Smckusick} 1162