fdisk.c revision 145763
1/*
2 * Mach Operating System
3 * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
4 * All Rights Reserved.
5 *
6 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
11 *
12 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
15 *
16 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
17 *
18 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19 *  School of Computer Science
20 *  Carnegie Mellon University
21 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
22 *
23 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
25 */
26
27#include <sys/cdefs.h>
28__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/fdisk/fdisk.c 145763 2005-05-01 09:50:02Z nyan $");
29
30#include <sys/disk.h>
31#include <sys/disklabel.h>
32#include <sys/diskmbr.h>
33#include <sys/endian.h>
34#include <sys/param.h>
35#include <sys/stat.h>
36#include <sys/mount.h>
37#include <ctype.h>
38#include <fcntl.h>
39#include <err.h>
40#include <errno.h>
41#include <paths.h>
42#include <regex.h>
43#include <stdint.h>
44#include <stdio.h>
45#include <stdlib.h>
46#include <string.h>
47#include <unistd.h>
48
49int iotest;
50
51#define LBUF 100
52static char lbuf[LBUF];
53
54/*
55 *
56 * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer  Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
57 *
58 * 14-Dec-89  Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
59 *	Copyright (c) 1989	Robert. V. Baron
60 *	Created.
61 */
62
63#define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
64
65#define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
66
67#define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048	/* maximum section size that is supported */
68#define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512	/* the sector size to start sensing at */
69static int secsize = 0;		/* the sensed sector size */
70
71static char *disk;
72
73static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
74
75struct mboot {
76	unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
77	unsigned char *bootinst;  /* boot code */
78	off_t bootinst_size;
79	struct	dos_partition parts[NDOSPART];
80};
81
82static struct mboot mboot;
83static int fd, fdw;
84
85#define ACTIVE 0x80
86
87static uint dos_cyls;
88static uint dos_heads;
89static uint dos_sectors;
90static uint dos_cylsecs;
91
92#define DOSSECT(s,c) ((s & 0x3f) | ((c >> 2) & 0xc0))
93#define DOSCYL(c)	(c & 0xff)
94
95#define MAX_ARGS	10
96
97static int	current_line_number;
98
99static int	geom_processed = 0;
100static int	part_processed = 0;
101static int	active_processed = 0;
102
103typedef struct cmd {
104    char		cmd;
105    int			n_args;
106    struct arg {
107	char	argtype;
108	int	arg_val;
109    }			args[MAX_ARGS];
110} CMD;
111
112static int B_flag  = 0;		/* replace boot code */
113static int I_flag  = 0;		/* use entire disk for FreeBSD */
114static int a_flag  = 0;		/* set active partition */
115static char *b_flag = NULL;	/* path to boot code */
116static int i_flag  = 0;		/* replace partition data */
117static int u_flag  = 0;		/* update partition data */
118static int s_flag  = 0;		/* Print a summary and exit */
119static int t_flag  = 0;		/* test only */
120static char *f_flag = NULL;	/* Read config info from file */
121static int v_flag  = 0;		/* Be verbose */
122
123static struct part_type
124{
125	unsigned char type;
126	const char *name;
127} part_types[] = {
128	 {0x00, "unused"}
129	,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
130	,{0x02, "XENIX / file system"}
131	,{0x03, "XENIX /usr file system"}
132	,{0x04, "Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
133	,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
134	,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB)"}
135	,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, NTFS, QNX-2 (16 bit) or Advanced UNIX"}
136	,{0x08, "AIX file system or SplitDrive"}
137	,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
138	,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager, OPUS or Coherent swap"}
139	,{0x0B, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT"}
140	,{0x0C, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT (LBA)"}
141	,{0x0E, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB, LBA)"}
142	,{0x0F, "Extended DOS (LBA)"}
143	,{0x10, "OPUS"}
144	,{0x11, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 12-bit FAT"}
145	,{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"}
146	,{0x14, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
147	,{0x16, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
148	,{0x17, "OS/2 BM: hidden IFS (e.g. HPFS)"}
149	,{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"}
150	,{0x24, "NEC DOS"}
151	,{0x3C, "PartitionMagic recovery"}
152	,{0x39, "plan9"}
153	,{0x40, "VENIX 286"}
154	,{0x41, "Linux/MINIX (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
155	,{0x42, "SFS or Linux swap (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
156	,{0x43, "Linux native (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
157	,{0x4D, "QNX 4.2 Primary"}
158	,{0x4E, "QNX 4.2 Secondary"}
159	,{0x4F, "QNX 4.2 Tertiary"}
160	,{0x50, "DM (disk manager)"}
161	,{0x51, "DM6 Aux1 (or Novell)"}
162	,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
163	,{0x53, "DM6 Aux3"}
164	,{0x54, "DM6"}
165	,{0x55, "EZ-Drive (disk manager)"}
166	,{0x56, "Golden Bow (disk manager)"}
167	,{0x5c, "Priam Edisk (disk manager)"} /* according to S. Widlake */
168	,{0x61, "SpeedStor"}
169	,{0x63, "System V/386 (such as ISC UNIX), GNU HURD or Mach"}
170	,{0x64, "Novell Netware/286 2.xx"}
171	,{0x65, "Novell Netware/386 3.xx"}
172	,{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"}
173	,{0x75, "PCIX"}
174	,{0x77, "QNX4.x"}
175	,{0x78, "QNX4.x 2nd part"}
176	,{0x79, "QNX4.x 3rd part"}
177	,{0x80, "Minix until 1.4a"}
178	,{0x81, "Minix since 1.4b, early Linux partition or Mitac disk manager"}
179	,{0x82, "Linux swap or Solaris x86"}
180	,{0x83, "Linux native"}
181	,{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"}
182	,{0x85, "Linux extended"}
183	,{0x86, "NTFS volume set??"}
184	,{0x87, "NTFS volume set??"}
185	,{0x93, "Amoeba file system"}
186	,{0x94, "Amoeba bad block table"}
187	,{0x9F, "BSD/OS"}
188	,{0xA0, "Suspend to Disk"}
189	,{0xA5, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
190	,{0xA6, "OpenBSD"}
191	,{0xA7, "NeXTSTEP"}
192	,{0xA9, "NetBSD"}
193	,{0xAC, "IBM JFS"}
194	,{0xB7, "BSDI BSD/386 file system"}
195	,{0xB8, "BSDI BSD/386 swap"}
196	,{0xBE, "Solaris x86 boot"}
197	,{0xBF, "Solaris x86 (new)"}
198	,{0xC1, "DRDOS/sec with 12-bit FAT"}
199	,{0xC4, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
200	,{0xC6, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
201	,{0xC7, "Syrinx"}
202	,{0xDB, "CP/M, Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS or CTOS"}
203	,{0xE1, "DOS access or SpeedStor with 12-bit FAT extended partition"}
204	,{0xE3, "DOS R/O or SpeedStor"}
205	,{0xE4, "SpeedStor with 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl."}
206	,{0xEB, "BeOS file system"}
207	,{0xEE, "EFI GPT"}
208	,{0xEF, "EFI System Partition"}
209	,{0xF1, "SpeedStor"}
210	,{0xF2, "DOS 3.3+ Secondary"}
211	,{0xF4, "SpeedStor large partition"}
212	,{0xFE, "SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep"}
213	,{0xFF, "Xenix bad blocks table"}
214};
215
216static void print_s0(int which);
217static void print_part(int i);
218static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
219static void init_boot(void);
220static void change_part(int i);
221static void print_params(void);
222static void change_active(int which);
223static void change_code(void);
224static void get_params_to_use(void);
225static char *get_rootdisk(void);
226static void dos(struct dos_partition *partp);
227static int open_disk(int flag);
228static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
229static ssize_t write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
230static int get_params(void);
231static int read_s0(void);
232static int write_s0(void);
233static int ok(const char *str);
234static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
235static const char *get_type(int type);
236static int read_config(char *config_file);
237static void reset_boot(void);
238static int sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *);
239static void usage(void);
240
241int
242main(int argc, char *argv[])
243{
244	struct	stat sb;
245	int	c, i;
246	int	partition = -1;
247	struct	dos_partition *partp;
248
249	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIab:f:istuv1234")) != -1)
250		switch (c) {
251		case 'B':
252			B_flag = 1;
253			break;
254		case 'I':
255			I_flag = 1;
256			break;
257		case 'a':
258			a_flag = 1;
259			break;
260		case 'b':
261			b_flag = optarg;
262			break;
263		case 'f':
264			f_flag = optarg;
265			break;
266		case 'i':
267			i_flag = 1;
268			break;
269		case 's':
270			s_flag = 1;
271			break;
272		case 't':
273			t_flag = 1;
274			break;
275		case 'u':
276			u_flag = 1;
277			break;
278		case 'v':
279			v_flag = 1;
280			break;
281		case '1':
282		case '2':
283		case '3':
284		case '4':
285			partition = c - '0';
286			break;
287		default:
288			usage();
289		}
290	if (f_flag || i_flag)
291		u_flag = 1;
292	if (t_flag)
293		v_flag = 1;
294	argc -= optind;
295	argv += optind;
296
297	if (argc == 0) {
298		disk = get_rootdisk();
299	} else {
300		if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
301			/* OK, full pathname given */
302			disk = argv[0];
303		} else if (errno == ENOENT && argv[0][0] != '/') {
304			/* Try prepending "/dev" */
305			asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
306			if (disk == NULL)
307				errx(1, "out of memory");
308		} else {
309			/* other stat error, let it fail below */
310			disk = argv[0];
311		}
312	}
313	if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
314		err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
315
316	/* (abu)use mboot.bootinst to probe for the sector size */
317	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(MAX_SEC_SIZE)) == NULL)
318		err(1, "cannot allocate buffer to determine disk sector size");
319	read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst);
320	free(mboot.bootinst);
321	mboot.bootinst = NULL;
322
323	if (s_flag) {
324		if (read_s0())
325			err(1, "read_s0");
326		printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
327		    dos_sectors);
328		printf("Part  %11s %11s Type Flags\n", "Start", "Size");
329		for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
330			partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
331			if (partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0)
332				continue;
333			printf("%4d: %11lu %11lu 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", i + 1,
334			    (u_long) partp->dp_start,
335			    (u_long) partp->dp_size, partp->dp_typ,
336			    partp->dp_flag);
337		}
338		exit(0);
339	}
340
341	printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
342
343	if (I_flag) {
344		read_s0();
345		reset_boot();
346		partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
347		partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
348		partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
349		partp->dp_start = dos_sectors;
350		partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs -
351		    dos_sectors;
352		dos(partp);
353		if (v_flag)
354			print_s0(-1);
355		if (!t_flag)
356			write_s0();
357		exit(0);
358	}
359	if (f_flag) {
360	    if (read_s0() || i_flag)
361		reset_boot();
362	    if (!read_config(f_flag))
363		exit(1);
364	    if (v_flag)
365		print_s0(-1);
366	    if (!t_flag)
367		write_s0();
368	} else {
369	    if(u_flag)
370		get_params_to_use();
371	    else
372		print_params();
373
374	    if (read_s0())
375		init_sector0(dos_sectors);
376
377	    printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
378	    printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
379	    printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
380	    if (partition == -1)
381		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
382		    change_part(i);
383	    else
384		change_part(partition);
385
386	    if (u_flag || a_flag)
387		change_active(partition);
388
389	    if (B_flag)
390		change_code();
391
392	    if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
393		if (!t_flag) {
394		    printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet.  ");
395		    printf("This is your last chance.\n");
396		}
397		print_s0(-1);
398		if (!t_flag) {
399		    if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
400			write_s0();
401		} else {
402		    printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
403		}
404	    }
405	}
406
407	exit(0);
408}
409
410static void
411usage()
412{
413	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
414		"usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk]\n",
415 		"       fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
416        exit(1);
417}
418
419static void
420print_s0(int which)
421{
422	int	i;
423
424	print_params();
425	printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
426	if (which == -1)
427		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
428			printf("%d: ", i), print_part(i);
429	else
430		print_part(which);
431}
432
433static struct dos_partition mtpart;
434
435static void
436print_part(int i)
437{
438	struct	  dos_partition *partp;
439	u_int64_t part_mb;
440
441	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
442
443	if (!bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct dos_partition))) {
444		printf("<UNUSED>\n");
445		return;
446	}
447	/*
448	 * Be careful not to overflow.
449	 */
450	part_mb = partp->dp_size;
451	part_mb *= secsize;
452	part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
453	printf("sysid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_typ, partp->dp_typ,
454	    get_type(partp->dp_typ));
455	printf("    start %lu, size %lu (%ju Meg), flag %x%s\n",
456		(u_long)partp->dp_start,
457		(u_long)partp->dp_size,
458		(uintmax_t)part_mb,
459		partp->dp_flag,
460		partp->dp_flag == ACTIVE ? " (active)" : "");
461	printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
462		,DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl, partp->dp_ssect)
463		,partp->dp_shd
464		,DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect)
465		,DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl, partp->dp_esect)
466		,partp->dp_ehd
467		,DPSECT(partp->dp_esect));
468}
469
470
471static void
472init_boot(void)
473{
474#ifndef __ia64__
475	const char *fname;
476	int fdesc, n;
477	struct stat sb;
478
479	fname = b_flag ? b_flag : "/boot/mbr";
480	if ((fdesc = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ||
481	    fstat(fdesc, &sb) == -1)
482		err(1, "%s", fname);
483	if ((mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size) % secsize != 0)
484		errx(1, "%s: length must be a multiple of sector size", fname);
485	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
486		free(mboot.bootinst);
487	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size)) == NULL)
488		errx(1, "%s: unable to allocate read buffer", fname);
489	if ((n = read(fdesc, mboot.bootinst, mboot.bootinst_size)) == -1 ||
490	    close(fdesc))
491		err(1, "%s", fname);
492	if (n != mboot.bootinst_size)
493		errx(1, "%s: short read", fname);
494#else
495	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
496		free(mboot.bootinst);
497	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
498	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL)
499		errx(1, "unable to allocate boot block buffer");
500	memset(mboot.bootinst, 0, mboot.bootinst_size);
501	le16enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET], DOSMAGIC);
502#endif
503}
504
505
506static void
507init_sector0(unsigned long start)
508{
509	struct dos_partition *partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
510
511	init_boot();
512
513	partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
514	partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
515	start = ((start + dos_sectors - 1) / dos_sectors) * dos_sectors;
516	if(start == 0)
517		start = dos_sectors;
518	partp->dp_start = start;
519	partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs - start;
520
521	dos(partp);
522}
523
524static void
525change_part(int i)
526{
527	struct dos_partition *partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
528
529    printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
530    print_part(i);
531
532    if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
533	int tmp;
534
535	if (i_flag) {
536		bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
537		if (i == 1) {
538			init_sector0(1);
539			printf("\nThe static data for the slice 1 has been reinitialized to:\n");
540			print_part(i);
541		}
542	}
543
544	do {
545		Decimal("sysid (165=FreeBSD)", partp->dp_typ, tmp);
546		Decimal("start", partp->dp_start, tmp);
547		Decimal("size", partp->dp_size, tmp);
548		if (!sanitize_partition(partp)) {
549			warnx("ERROR: failed to adjust; setting sysid to 0");
550			partp->dp_typ = 0;
551		}
552
553		if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
554		{
555			int	tsec,tcyl,thd;
556			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl,partp->dp_ssect);
557			thd = partp->dp_shd;
558			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect);
559			Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
560			Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
561			Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
562			partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
563			partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
564			partp->dp_shd = thd;
565
566			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl,partp->dp_esect);
567			thd = partp->dp_ehd;
568			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_esect);
569			Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
570			Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
571			Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
572			partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
573			partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
574			partp->dp_ehd = thd;
575		} else
576			dos(partp);
577
578		print_part(i);
579	} while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
580    }
581}
582
583static void
584print_params()
585{
586	printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
587	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
588			,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
589	if (dos_cyls > 1023 || dos_heads > 255 || dos_sectors > 63)
590		printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
591	printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
592	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
593		,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
594}
595
596static void
597change_active(int which)
598{
599	struct dos_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
600	int active, i, new, tmp;
601
602	active = -1;
603	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
604		if ((partp[i].dp_flag & ACTIVE) == 0)
605			continue;
606		printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
607		if (active == -1)
608			active = i + 1;
609	}
610	if (a_flag && which != -1)
611		active = which;
612	else if (active == -1)
613		active = 1;
614
615	if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
616		return;
617setactive:
618	do {
619		new = active;
620		Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
621		if (new < 1 || new > 4) {
622			printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-4."
623					"  Try again.\n");
624			goto setactive;
625		}
626		active = new;
627	} while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
628	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
629		partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
630	if (active > 0 && active <= NDOSPART)
631		partp[active-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
632}
633
634static void
635change_code()
636{
637	if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
638		init_boot();
639}
640
641void
642get_params_to_use()
643{
644	int	tmp;
645	print_params();
646	if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
647	{
648		do
649		{
650			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
651			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
652			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
653			dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
654			print_params();
655		}
656		while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
657	}
658}
659
660
661/***********************************************\
662* Change real numbers into strange dos numbers	*
663\***********************************************/
664static void
665dos(struct dos_partition *partp)
666{
667	int cy, sec;
668	u_int32_t end;
669
670	if (partp->dp_typ == 0 && partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0) {
671		memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
672		return;
673	}
674
675	/* Start c/h/s. */
676	partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
677	cy = partp->dp_start / dos_cylsecs;
678	sec = partp->dp_start % dos_sectors + 1;
679	partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(cy);
680	partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
681
682	/* End c/h/s. */
683	end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size - 1;
684	partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
685	cy = end / dos_cylsecs;
686	sec = end % dos_sectors + 1;
687	partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(cy);
688	partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
689}
690
691static int
692open_disk(int flag)
693{
694	struct stat 	st;
695	int rwmode, p;
696	char *s;
697
698	fdw = -1;
699	if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
700		if (errno == ENOENT)
701			return -2;
702		warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
703		return -1;
704	}
705	if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
706		warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
707	rwmode = a_flag || I_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY;
708	fd = open(disk, rwmode);
709	if (fd == -1 && errno == ENXIO)
710		return -2;
711	if (fd == -1 && errno == EPERM && rwmode == O_RDWR) {
712		fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY);
713		if (fd == -1)
714			return -3;
715		for (p = 0; p < NDOSPART; p++) {
716			asprintf(&s, "%ss%d", disk, p + 1);
717			fdw = open(s, rwmode);
718			free(s);
719			if (fdw == -1)
720				continue;
721			break;
722		}
723		if (fdw == -1)
724			return -4;
725	}
726	if (fd == -1) {
727		warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
728		return -1;
729	}
730	if (get_params() == -1) {
731		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
732		return -1;
733	}
734	return fd;
735}
736
737static ssize_t
738read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
739{
740
741	lseek(fd, (sector * 512), 0);
742	if (secsize == 0)
743		for (secsize = MIN_SEC_SIZE; secsize <= MAX_SEC_SIZE;
744		     secsize *= 2) {
745			/* try the read */
746			int size = read(fd, buf, secsize);
747			if (size == secsize)
748				/* it worked so return */
749				return secsize;
750		}
751	else
752		return read(fd, buf, secsize);
753
754	/* we failed to read at any of the sizes */
755	return -1;
756}
757
758static ssize_t
759write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
760{
761
762	if (fdw != -1) {
763		return ioctl(fdw, DIOCSMBR, buf);
764	} else {
765		lseek(fd, (sector * 512), 0);
766		/* write out in the size that the read_disk found worked */
767		return write(fd, buf, secsize);
768	}
769}
770
771static int
772get_params()
773{
774	int error;
775	u_int u;
776	off_t o;
777
778	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u);
779	if (error == 0)
780		sectors = dos_sectors = u;
781	else
782		sectors = dos_sectors = 63;
783
784	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u);
785	if (error == 0)
786		heads = dos_heads = u;
787	else
788		heads = dos_heads = 255;
789
790	dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
791	disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
792
793	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &u);
794	if (error != 0 || u == 0)
795		u = 512;
796
797	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &o);
798	if (error == 0) {
799		disksecs = o / u;
800		cyls = dos_cyls = o / (u * dos_heads * dos_sectors);
801	}
802
803	return (disksecs);
804}
805
806
807static int
808read_s0()
809{
810	int i;
811
812	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
813	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
814		free(mboot.bootinst);
815	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL) {
816		warnx("unable to allocate buffer to read fdisk "
817		      "partition table");
818		return -1;
819	}
820	if (read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
821		warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
822		return -1;
823	}
824	if (le16dec(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET]) != DOSMAGIC) {
825		warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
826		/* So should we initialize things */
827		return -1;
828	}
829	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
830		dos_partition_dec(
831		    &mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF + i * DOSPARTSIZE],
832		    &mboot.parts[i]);
833	return 0;
834}
835
836static int
837write_s0()
838{
839	int	sector, i;
840
841	if (iotest) {
842		print_s0(-1);
843		return 0;
844	}
845	for(i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
846		dos_partition_enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF + i * DOSPARTSIZE],
847		    &mboot.parts[i]);
848	le16enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET], DOSMAGIC);
849	for(sector = 0; sector < mboot.bootinst_size / secsize; sector++)
850		if (write_disk(sector,
851			       &mboot.bootinst[sector * secsize]) == -1) {
852			warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
853			return -1;
854		}
855	return(0);
856}
857
858
859static int
860ok(const char *str)
861{
862	printf("%s [n] ", str);
863	fflush(stdout);
864	if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
865		exit(1);
866	lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
867
868	if (*lbuf &&
869		(!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
870		 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
871		return 1;
872	else
873		return 0;
874}
875
876static int
877decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
878{
879	int acc = 0, c;
880	char *cp;
881
882	while (1) {
883		printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
884		fflush(stdout);
885		if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
886			exit(1);
887		lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
888
889		if (!*lbuf)
890			return 0;
891
892		cp = lbuf;
893		while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
894		if (!c)
895			return 0;
896		while ((c = *cp++)) {
897			if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
898				acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
899			else
900				break;
901		}
902		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
903			while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
904		if (!c) {
905			*num = acc;
906			return 1;
907		} else
908			printf("%s is an invalid decimal number.  Try again.\n",
909				lbuf);
910	}
911
912}
913
914static const char *
915get_type(int type)
916{
917	int	numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
918	int	counter = 0;
919	struct	part_type *ptr = part_types;
920
921
922	while(counter < numentries) {
923		if(ptr->type == type)
924			return(ptr->name);
925		ptr++;
926		counter++;
927	}
928	return("unknown");
929}
930
931
932static void
933parse_config_line(char *line, CMD *command)
934{
935    char	*cp, *end;
936
937    cp = line;
938    while (1) {
939	memset(command, 0, sizeof(*command));
940
941	while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
942	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
943	    break;
944	command->cmd = *cp++;
945
946	/*
947	 * Parse args
948	 */
949	    while (1) {
950	    while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
951	    if (*cp == '#')
952		break;		/* found comment */
953	    if (isalpha(*cp))
954		command->args[command->n_args].argtype = *cp++;
955	    if (!isdigit(*cp))
956		break;		/* assume end of line */
957	    end = NULL;
958	    command->args[command->n_args].arg_val = strtol(cp, &end, 0);
959	    if (cp == end)
960		break;		/* couldn't parse number */
961	    cp = end;
962	    command->n_args++;
963	}
964	break;
965    }
966}
967
968
969static int
970process_geometry(CMD *command)
971{
972    int		status = 1, i;
973
974    while (1) {
975	geom_processed = 1;
976	    if (part_processed) {
977	    warnx(
978	"ERROR line %d: the geometry specification line must occur before\n\
979    all partition specifications",
980		    current_line_number);
981	    status = 0;
982	    break;
983	}
984	    if (command->n_args != 3) {
985	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of geometry args",
986		    current_line_number);
987	    status = 0;
988	    break;
989	}
990	    dos_cyls = 0;
991	    dos_heads = 0;
992	    dos_sectors = 0;
993	    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
994		    switch (command->args[i].argtype) {
995	    case 'c':
996		dos_cyls = command->args[i].arg_val;
997		break;
998	    case 'h':
999		dos_heads = command->args[i].arg_val;
1000		break;
1001	    case 's':
1002		dos_sectors = command->args[i].arg_val;
1003		break;
1004	    default:
1005		warnx(
1006		"ERROR line %d: unknown geometry arg type: '%c' (0x%02x)",
1007			current_line_number, command->args[i].argtype,
1008			command->args[i].argtype);
1009		status = 0;
1010		break;
1011	    }
1012	}
1013	if (status == 0)
1014	    break;
1015
1016	dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
1017
1018	/*
1019	 * Do sanity checks on parameter values
1020	 */
1021	    if (dos_cyls == 0) {
1022	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of cylinders not specified",
1023		    current_line_number);
1024	    status = 0;
1025	}
1026	    if (dos_cyls > 1024) {
1027	    warnx(
1028	"WARNING line %d: number of cylinders (%d) may be out-of-range\n\
1029    (must be within 1-1024 for normal BIOS operation, unless the entire disk\n\
1030    is dedicated to FreeBSD)",
1031		    current_line_number, dos_cyls);
1032	}
1033
1034	    if (dos_heads == 0) {
1035	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads not specified",
1036		    current_line_number);
1037	    status = 0;
1038	    } else if (dos_heads > 256) {
1039	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads must be within (1-256)",
1040		    current_line_number);
1041	    status = 0;
1042	}
1043
1044	    if (dos_sectors == 0) {
1045	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors not specified",
1046		    current_line_number);
1047	    status = 0;
1048	    } else if (dos_sectors > 63) {
1049	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors must be within (1-63)",
1050		    current_line_number);
1051	    status = 0;
1052	}
1053
1054	break;
1055    }
1056    return (status);
1057}
1058
1059
1060static int
1061process_partition(CMD *command)
1062{
1063    int				status = 0, partition;
1064    u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1065    u_int32_t			adj_size, max_end;
1066    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1067
1068	while (1) {
1069	part_processed = 1;
1070		if (command->n_args != 4) {
1071	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of partition args",
1072		    current_line_number);
1073	    break;
1074	}
1075	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1076		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1077	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1078		    current_line_number, partition);
1079	    break;
1080	}
1081	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + partition - 1;
1082	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1083	partp->dp_typ = command->args[1].arg_val;
1084	partp->dp_start = command->args[2].arg_val;
1085	partp->dp_size = command->args[3].arg_val;
1086	max_end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size;
1087
1088		if (partp->dp_typ == 0) {
1089	    /*
1090	     * Get out, the partition is marked as unused.
1091	     */
1092	    /*
1093	     * Insure that it's unused.
1094	     */
1095	    bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1096	    status = 1;
1097	    break;
1098	}
1099
1100	/*
1101	 * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1102	 */
1103		if (partp->dp_start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1104	    prev_head_boundary = partp->dp_start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1105	    if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1106			    prev_head_boundary > max_end - dos_sectors) {
1107		/*
1108		 * Can't go past end of partition
1109		 */
1110		warnx(
1111	"ERROR line %d: unable to adjust start of partition %d to fall on\n\
1112    a head boundary",
1113			current_line_number, partition);
1114		break;
1115	    }
1116	    warnx(
1117	"WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition %d\n\
1118    from %u to %u, to fall on a head boundary",
1119		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_start,
1120		    (u_int)(prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors));
1121	    partp->dp_start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1122	}
1123
1124	/*
1125	 * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1126	 * boundary.
1127	 */
1128	prev_cyl_boundary =
1129	    ((partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1130	if (prev_cyl_boundary > partp->dp_start)
1131	    adj_size = prev_cyl_boundary - partp->dp_start;
1132		else {
1133	    warnx(
1134	"ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1135    and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1136	    return (0);
1137	}
1138		if (adj_size != partp->dp_size) {
1139	    warnx(
1140	"WARNING: adjusting size of partition %d from %u to %u\n\
1141    to end on a cylinder boundary",
1142		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_size, (u_int)adj_size);
1143	    partp->dp_size = adj_size;
1144	}
1145		if (partp->dp_size == 0) {
1146	    warnx("ERROR line %d: size of partition %d is zero",
1147		    current_line_number, partition);
1148	    break;
1149	}
1150
1151	dos(partp);
1152	status = 1;
1153	break;
1154    }
1155    return (status);
1156}
1157
1158
1159static int
1160process_active(CMD *command)
1161{
1162    int				status = 0, partition, i;
1163    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1164
1165	while (1) {
1166	active_processed = 1;
1167		if (command->n_args != 1) {
1168	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of active args",
1169		    current_line_number);
1170	    status = 0;
1171	    break;
1172	}
1173	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1174		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1175	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1176		    current_line_number, partition);
1177	    break;
1178	}
1179	/*
1180	 * Reset active partition
1181	 */
1182	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts);
1183	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
1184	    partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
1185	partp[partition-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
1186
1187	status = 1;
1188	break;
1189    }
1190    return (status);
1191}
1192
1193
1194static int
1195process_line(char *line)
1196{
1197    CMD		command;
1198    int		status = 1;
1199
1200	while (1) {
1201	parse_config_line(line, &command);
1202		switch (command.cmd) {
1203	case 0:
1204	    /*
1205	     * Comment or blank line
1206	     */
1207	    break;
1208	case 'g':
1209	    /*
1210	     * Set geometry
1211	     */
1212	    status = process_geometry(&command);
1213	    break;
1214	case 'p':
1215	    status = process_partition(&command);
1216	    break;
1217	case 'a':
1218	    status = process_active(&command);
1219	    break;
1220	default:
1221	    status = 0;
1222	    break;
1223	}
1224	break;
1225    }
1226    return (status);
1227}
1228
1229
1230static int
1231read_config(char *config_file)
1232{
1233    FILE	*fp = NULL;
1234    int		status = 1;
1235    char	buf[1010];
1236
1237	while (1) {
1238		if (strcmp(config_file, "-") != 0) {
1239	    /*
1240	     * We're not reading from stdin
1241	     */
1242			if ((fp = fopen(config_file, "r")) == NULL) {
1243		status = 0;
1244		break;
1245	    }
1246		} else {
1247	    fp = stdin;
1248	}
1249	current_line_number = 0;
1250		while (!feof(fp)) {
1251	    if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
1252		break;
1253	    ++current_line_number;
1254	    status = process_line(buf);
1255	    if (status == 0)
1256		break;
1257	    }
1258	break;
1259    }
1260	if (fp) {
1261	/*
1262	 * It doesn't matter if we're reading from stdin, as we've reached EOF
1263	 */
1264	fclose(fp);
1265    }
1266    return (status);
1267}
1268
1269
1270static void
1271reset_boot(void)
1272{
1273    int				i;
1274    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1275
1276    init_boot();
1277	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1278	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
1279	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1280    }
1281}
1282
1283static int
1284sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *partp)
1285{
1286    u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1287    u_int32_t			max_end, size, start;
1288
1289    start = partp->dp_start;
1290    size = partp->dp_size;
1291    max_end = start + size;
1292    /* Only allow a zero size if the partition is being marked unused. */
1293    if (size == 0) {
1294	if (start == 0 && partp->dp_typ == 0)
1295	    return (1);
1296	warnx("ERROR: size of partition is zero");
1297	return (0);
1298    }
1299    /* Return if no adjustment is necessary. */
1300    if (start % dos_sectors == 0 && (start + size) % dos_sectors == 0)
1301	return (1);
1302
1303    if (start == 0) {
1304	    warnx("WARNING: partition overlaps with partition table");
1305	    if (ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1306		    start = dos_sectors;
1307    }
1308    if (start % dos_sectors != 0)
1309	warnx("WARNING: partition does not start on a head boundary");
1310    if ((start  +size) % dos_sectors != 0)
1311	warnx("WARNING: partition does not end on a cylinder boundary");
1312    warnx("WARNING: this may confuse the BIOS or some operating systems");
1313    if (!ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1314	return (1);
1315
1316    /*
1317     * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1318     */
1319    if (start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1320	prev_head_boundary = start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1321	if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1322	    prev_head_boundary >= max_end - dos_sectors) {
1323	    /*
1324	     * Can't go past end of partition
1325	     */
1326	    warnx(
1327    "ERROR: unable to adjust start of partition to fall on a head boundary");
1328	    return (0);
1329        }
1330	start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1331    }
1332
1333    /*
1334     * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1335     * boundary.
1336     */
1337    prev_cyl_boundary = ((start + size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1338    if (prev_cyl_boundary > start)
1339	size = prev_cyl_boundary - start;
1340    else {
1341	warnx("ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1342    and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1343	return (0);
1344    }
1345
1346    /* Finally, commit any changes to partp and return. */
1347    if (start != partp->dp_start) {
1348	warnx("WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition to %u",
1349	    (u_int)start);
1350	partp->dp_start = start;
1351    }
1352    if (size != partp->dp_size) {
1353	warnx("WARNING: adjusting size of partition to %u", (u_int)size);
1354	partp->dp_size = size;
1355    }
1356
1357    return (1);
1358}
1359
1360/*
1361 * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
1362 * The following choices are considered:
1363 *   /dev/ad0s1a     => /dev/ad0
1364 *   /dev/da0a       => /dev/da0
1365 *   /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
1366 */
1367static char *
1368get_rootdisk(void)
1369{
1370	struct statfs rootfs;
1371	regex_t re;
1372#define NMATCHES 2
1373	regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
1374	char *s;
1375	int rv;
1376
1377	if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
1378		err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
1379
1380	if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/[a-z]+[0-9]+)([sp][0-9]+)?[a-h]?$",
1381		    REG_EXTENDED)) != 0)
1382		errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
1383	if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
1384		errx(1,
1385"mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
1386		    rv);
1387	if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
1388		errx(1, "out of memory");
1389	memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
1390	    rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
1391	s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
1392
1393	return s;
1394}
1395