UPDATING revision 265987
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 1920140513: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:10.openssl 20 FreeBSD-EN-14:05.ciss 21 22 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer deference vulnerability. [SA-14:10] 23 24 Fix data corruption with ciss(4). [EN-14:05] 25 2620140430: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:07.devfs 27 FreeBSD-SA-14:08.tcp 28 FreeBSD-SA-14:09.openssl 29 30 Fix devfs rules not applied by default for jails. [SA-14:07] 31 32 Fix TCP reassembly vulnerability. [SA-14:08] 33 34 Fix OpenSSL use-after-free vulnerability. [SA-14:09] 35 3620140408: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:05.nfsserver 37 FreeBSD-SA-14:06.openssl 38 Fix deadlock in the NFS server. [SA-14:05] 39 40 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-14:06] 41 4220131223: 43 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 44 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 45 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 46 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 47 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 48 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 49 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 50 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 51 5220131031: 53 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 54 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 55 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 56 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 57 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 58 5920131014: 60 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 61 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 62 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 63 delete-old-libs": 64 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 65 or 66 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 67 6820131010: 69 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 70 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 71 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 72 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 73 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 74 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 75 76 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 77 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 78 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 79 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 80 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 81 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 82 83 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 84 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 85 with an integer. 86 8720130930: 88 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 89 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 90 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 91 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 92 93 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 94 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 95 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 96 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 97 9820130916: 99 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 100 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 101 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 102 10320130911: 104 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 105 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 106 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 107 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 108 10920130906: 110 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 111 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 112 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 113 options in src.conf. 114 11520130905: 116 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 117 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 118 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 119 'options PROCDESC'. 120 12120130905: 122 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 123 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 124 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 125 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 126 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 127 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 128 12920130903: 130 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 131 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 132 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 133 13420130821: 135 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 136 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 137 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 138 13920130813: 140 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 141 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 142 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 143 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 144 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 145 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 146 14720130806: 148 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 149 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 150 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 151 explicitly. 152 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 153 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 154 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 155 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 156 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 157 15820130806: 159 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 160 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 161 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 162 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 163 to r253970 or later. 164 16520130802: 166 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 167 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 168 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 169 would result: 170 171 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 172 173 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 174 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 175 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 176 old as well as the new version of find. 177 17820130726: 179 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 180 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 181 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 182 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 183 subdirectories must be reviewed. 184 18520130716: 186 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 187 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 188 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 189 190 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 191 192 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 193 users are advised to upgrade. 194 19520130709: 196 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 197 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 198 19920130709: 200 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 201 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 202 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 203 20420130629: 205 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 206 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 207 208 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 209 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 210 overloading the machine. 211 21220130618: 213 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 214 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 215 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 216 write access to that file. 217 21820130615: 219 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 220 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 221 22220130613: 223 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 224 225 make: illegal option -- J 226 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 227 ... 228 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 229 230 this likely due to an old instance of make in 231 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 232 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 233 you see the above error: 234 235 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 236 237 should resolve it. 238 23920130516: 240 Use bmake by default. 241 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 242 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 243 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 244 245 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 246 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 247 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 248 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 249 behavior in parallel build. 250 25120130429: 252 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 253 25420130426: 255 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 256 the IDEA patent expired. 257 25820130426: 259 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 260 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 261 enabled by default. 262 26320130425: 264 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 265 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 266 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 267 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 268 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 269 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 270 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 271 && make install). 272 27320130404: 274 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 275 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 276 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 277 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 278 and removed. 279 28020130319: 281 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 282 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 283 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 284 binaries will not work on older kernels. 285 28620130308: 287 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 288 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 289 29020130304: 291 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 292 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 293 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 294 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 295 is requested. 296 297 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 298 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 299 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 300 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 301 in /boot/loader.conf. 302 30320130301: 304 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 305 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 306 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 307 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 308 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 309 31020130208: 311 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 312 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 313 314 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 315 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 316 31720130129: 318 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 319 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 320 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 321 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 322 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 323 32420130121: 325 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 326 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 327 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 328 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 329 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 330 /etc/src.conf. 331 33220130118: 333 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 334 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 335 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 336 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 337 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 338 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 339 use is expected to be extremely rare. 340 34120121223: 342 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 343 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 344 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 345 34620121222: 347 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 348 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 349 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 350 be updated. 351 35220121217: 353 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 354 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 355 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 356 357 savecore_flags="" 358 35920121201: 360 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 361 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 362 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 363 36420121117: 365 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 366 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 367 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 368 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 369 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 370 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 371 37220121105: 373 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 374 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 375 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 376 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 377 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 378 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 379 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 380 branch point). 381 38220121102: 383 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 384 functionality now turned on by default. 385 38620121023: 387 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 388 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 389 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 390 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 391 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 392 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 393 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 394 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 395 of the two kernel options. 396 39720121023: 398 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 399 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 400 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 401 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 402 40320121022: 404 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 405 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 406 recompiled. 407 40820121018: 409 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 410 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 411 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 412 41320121016: 414 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 415 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 416 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 417 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 418 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 419 42020121015: 421 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 422 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 423 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 424 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 425 42620121014: 427 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 428 42920121013: 430 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 431 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 432 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 433 knob has also gone. 434 43520121006: 436 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 437 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 438 with new kernel. 439 44020121001: 441 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 442 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 443 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 444 44520120913: 446 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 447 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 448 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 449 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 450 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 451 configurations. 452 45320120908: 454 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 455 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 456 45720120828: 458 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 459 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 460 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 461 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 462 manual page. 463 46420120727: 465 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 466 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 467 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 468 46920120712: 470 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 471 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 472 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 473 47420120712: 475 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 476 with other variables: 477 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 478 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 479 48020120628: 481 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 482 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 483 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 484 installed as "bsdsort". 485 48620120611: 487 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 488 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 489 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 490 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 491 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 492 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 493 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 494 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 495 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 496 49720120417: 498 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 499 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 500 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 501 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 502 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 503 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 504 NAMESPACE section). 505 50620120328: 507 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 508 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 509 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 510 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 511 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 512 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 513 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 514 51520120306: 516 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 517 platforms. 518 51920120229: 520 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 521 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 522 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 523 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 524 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 525 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 526 52720120211: 528 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 529 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 530 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 531 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 532 comes from 20111215. 533 53420120114: 535 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 536 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 537 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 538 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 539 540 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 541 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 542 54320120109: 544 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 545 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 546 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 547 tunable/sysctl. 548 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 549 55020111215: 551 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 552 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 553 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 554 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 555 not supported anymore. 556 557 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 558 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 559 need to be recompiled. 560 56120111122: 562 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 563 /dev/wmistat0. 564 56520111108: 566 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 567 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 568 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 569 time. 570 57120111101: 572 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 573 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 574 57520110930: 576 sysinstall has been removed 577 57820110923: 579 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 580 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 581 58220110913: 583 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 584 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 585 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 586 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 587 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 588 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 589 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 590 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 591 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 592 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 593 59420110828: 595 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 596 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 597 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 598 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 599 60020110815: 601 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 602 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 603 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 604 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 605 606 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 607 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 608 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 609 61020110628: 611 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 612 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 613 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 614 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 615 61620110608: 617 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 618 machdep.hlt_cpus 619 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 620 The following sysctl is retired: 621 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 622 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 623 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 624 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 625 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 626 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 627 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 628 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 629 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 630 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 631 a default scheduler. 632 63320110607: 634 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 635 a mask of CPUs. 636 63720110531: 638 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 639 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 640 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 641 world. 642 64320110513: 644 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 645 64620110503: 647 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 648 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 649 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 650 drivers need to be recompiled. 651 652 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 653 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 654 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 655 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 656 branches. 657 65820110430: 659 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 660 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 661 66220110427: 663 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 664 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 665 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 666 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 667 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 668 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 669 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 670 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 671 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 672 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 673 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 674 675 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 676 677 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 678 a diskless root fs use the old client. 679 68020110424: 681 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 682 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 683 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 684 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 685 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 686 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 687 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 688 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 689 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 690 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 691 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 692 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 693 694 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 695 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 696 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 697 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 698 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 699 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 700 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 701 them are parts of the cam module. 702 703 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 704 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 705 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 706 707 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 708 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 709 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 710 options ATA_CAM 711 device ahci 712 device mvs 713 device siis 714 , and instead add back: 715 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 716 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 717 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 718 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 719 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 720 72120110423: 722 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 723 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 724 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 725 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 726 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 727 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 728 72920110418: 730 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 731 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 732 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 733 73420110331: 735 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 736 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 737 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 738 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 739 in order to use ath on everything else. 740 741 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 742 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 743 74420110314: 745 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 746 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 747 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 748 74920110218: 750 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 751 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 752 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 753 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 754 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 755 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 756 75720110218: 758 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 759 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 760 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 761 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 762 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 763 authentication). 764 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 765 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 766 76720110207: 768 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 769 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 770 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 771 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 772 The function remains undocumented. 773 77420110112: 775 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 776 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 777 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 778 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 779 systems where the define is not present can check against 780 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 781 782 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 783 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 784 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 785 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 786 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 787 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 788 78920110103: 790 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 791 the following warning: 792 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 793 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 794 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 795 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 796 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 797 install it on your system. 798 799 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 800 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 801 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 802 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 803 80420101228: 805 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 806 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 807 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 808 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 809 be recompiled. 810 81120101114: 812 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 813 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 814 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 815 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 816 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 817 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 818 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 819 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 820 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 821 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 822 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 823 it, for example via: 824 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 825 826 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 827 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 828 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 829 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 830 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 831 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 832 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 833 834 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 835 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 836 83720101111: 838 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 839 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 840 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 841 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 842 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 843 84420101002: 845 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 846 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 847 migrate local entries to the new format. 848 84920100928: 850 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 851 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 852 upstream sshd. 853 85420100915: 855 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 856 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 857 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 858 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 859 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 860 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 861 86220100913: 863 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 864 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 865 866 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 867 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 868 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 869 default is "AUTO". 870 871 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 872 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 873 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 874 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 875 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 876 877 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 878 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 879 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 880 88120100913: 882 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 883 now i386 and amd64 only. 884 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 885 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 886 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 887 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 888 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 889 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 890 89120100725: 892 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 893 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 894 89520100722: 896 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 897 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 898 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 899 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 900 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 901 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 902 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 903 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 904 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 905 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 906 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 907 90820100713: 909 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 910 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 911 machine powerpc powerpc 912 913 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 914 after this change. 915 91620100713: 917 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 918 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 919 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 920 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 921 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 922 92320100429: 924 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 925 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 926 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 927 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 928 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 929 93020100402: 931 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 932 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 933 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 934 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 935 WITH_CTF=yes"). 936 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 937 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 938 to unwanted behavior. 939 94020100311: 941 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 942 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 943 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 944 be modified accordingly. 945 94620100113: 947 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 948 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 949 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 950 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 951 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 952 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 953 954 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 955 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 956 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 957 use of utmpx. 958 959 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 960 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 961 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 962 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 963 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 964 96520100108: 966 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 967 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 968 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 969 97020091202: 971 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 972 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 973 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 974 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 975 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 976 977 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 978 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 979 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 980 981 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 982 98320091125: 984 8.0-RELEASE. 985 98620091113: 987 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 988 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 989 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 990 operation of applications on the console. 991 992 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 993 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 994 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 995 cons25. 996 997 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 998 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 999 performed by syscons(4). 1000 100120091109: 1002 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 1003 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 1004 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 1005 1006 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 1007 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 1008 new structure. 1009 101020091025: 1011 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 1012 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 1013 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 1014 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 1015 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 1016 iwn5150fw. 1017 101820090926: 1019 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 1020 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 1021 1022 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 1023 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 1024 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 1025 1026 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 1027 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 1028 1029 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 1030 they are obsolete. 1031 1032 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 1033 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 1034 1035 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 1036 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 1037 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 1038 1039 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 1040 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 1041 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 1042 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 1043 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 1044 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 1045 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 1046 using ifconfig(8) like: 1047 1048 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 1049 1050 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 1051 IPv6-preferred. 1052 1053 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 1054 1055 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 1056 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 1057 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 1058 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 1059 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 1060 106120090922: 1062 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 1063 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 1064 106520090912: 1066 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 1067 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 1068 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 1069 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 1070 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 1071 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 1072 107320090910: 1074 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 1075 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 1076 107720090825: 1078 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 1079 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 1080 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 1081 is 1000. 1082 108320090813: 1084 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 1085 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 1086 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 1087 108820090803: 1089 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1090 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 1091 109220090719: 1093 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 1094 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 1095 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 1096 109720090714: 1098 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 1099 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 1100 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 1101 110220090713: 1103 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 1104 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 1105 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 1106 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1107 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1108 110920090712: 1110 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1111 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1112 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1113 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1114 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1115 111620090630: 1117 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1118 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1119 may need to be adjusted. 1120 112120090629: 1122 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1123 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1124 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1125 with routing sockets. 1126 112720090628: 1128 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1129 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1130 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1131 113220090624: 1133 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1134 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1135 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1136 800100. 1137 113820090622: 1139 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1140 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1141 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1142 114320090619: 1144 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1145 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1146 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1147 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1148 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1149 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1150 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1151 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1152 1153 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1154 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1155 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1156 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1157 authentication method is used. 1158 115920090616: 1160 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1161 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1162 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1163 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1164 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1165 116620090613: 1167 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1168 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1169 117020090611: 1171 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1172 be rebuilt. 1173 117420090608: 1175 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1176 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1177 117820090602: 1179 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1180 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1181 118220090601: 1183 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1184 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1185 re-compiled. 1186 118720090601: 1188 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1189 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1190 rebuilt. 1191 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1192 119320090530: 1194 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1195 more valid. 1196 119720090530: 1198 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1199 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1200 120120090529: 1202 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1203 rebuilt. 1204 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1205 120620090528: 1207 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1208 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1209 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1210 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1211 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1212 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1213 121420090527: 1215 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1216 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1217 121820090523: 1219 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1220 need to be rebuilt. 1221 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1222 122320090523: 1224 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1225 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1226 122720090520: 1228 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1229 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1230 123120090520: 1232 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1233 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1234 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1235 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1236 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1237 123820090430: 1239 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1240 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1241 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1242 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1243 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1245 124620090429: 1247 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1248 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1249 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1250 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1251 1252 For kernel developers: 1253 1254 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1255 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1256 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1257 1258 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1259 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1260 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1261 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1262 1263 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1264 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1265 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1266 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1267 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1268 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1269 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1270 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1271 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1272 multicast membership on-link. 1273 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1274 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1275 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1276 1277 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1278 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1279 stack. 1280 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1281 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1282 semantics. 1283 1284 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1285 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1286 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1287 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1288 1289 For application developers: 1290 1291 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1292 stack. 1293 1294 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1295 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1296 1297 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1298 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1299 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1300 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1301 1302 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1303 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1304 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1305 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1306 Multicast Source Filters'. 1307 1308 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1309 1310 For systems administrators: 1311 1312 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1313 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1314 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1315 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1316 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1317 1318 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1319 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1320 1321 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1322 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1323 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1324 recommended for optimal system performance. 1325 1326 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1327 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1328 back forwarded datagrams. 1329 1330 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1331 133220090422: 1333 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1334 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1335 133620090419: 1337 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1338 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1339 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1341 134220090415: 1343 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1344 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1345 state will require a world rebuild. 1346 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1347 134820090415: 1349 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1350 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1351 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1352 135320090414: 1354 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1355 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1356 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1357 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1358 load balancing. 1359 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1360 136120090408: 1362 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1363 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1364 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1365 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1366 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1367 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1368 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1369 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1370 137120090407: 1372 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1373 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1374 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1375 137620090320: 1377 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1378 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1379 introduces some changes: 1380 1381 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1382 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1383 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1384 1385 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1386 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1387 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1388 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1389 1390 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1391 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1392 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1393 the "386BSD" type). 1394 1395 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1396 139720090319: 1398 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1399 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1400 (supported by sane). 1401 140220090319: 1403 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1404 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1405 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1406 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1407 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1408 140920090315: 1410 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1411 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1412 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1413 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1414 used. 1415 141620090313: 1417 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1418 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1419 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1420 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1421 142220090313: 1423 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1424 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1425 142620090309: 1427 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1428 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1429 1430 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1431 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1432 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1433 1434 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1435 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1436 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1437 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1438 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1439 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1440 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1441 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1442 1443 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1444 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1445 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1446 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1447 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1448 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1449 1450 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1451 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1452 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1453 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1454 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1455 1456 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1457 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1458 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1459 via IGMP. 1460 1461 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1462 recompiled to reflect this. 1463 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1464 146520090309: 1466 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1467 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1468 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1469 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1470 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1471 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1472 147320090302: 1474 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1475 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1476 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1477 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1478 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1479 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1480 148120090301: 1482 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1483 network device driver modules. 1484 148520090227: 1486 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1487 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1488 148920090223: 1490 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1491 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1492 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1493 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1494 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1495 apply. 1496 149720090217: 1498 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1499 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1500 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1501 use the new name. 1502 150320090216: 1504 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1505 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1506 add 1507 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1508 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1509 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1510 151120090215: 1512 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1513 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1514 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1515 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1516 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1517 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1518 1519 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1520 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1521 be used for this: 1522 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1523 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1524 152520090209: 1526 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1527 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1528 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1529 153020090203: 1531 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1532 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1533 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1534 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1535 same interface. 1536 153720090201: 1538 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1539 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1540 154120090119: 1542 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1543 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1544 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1545 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1546 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1547 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1548 154920090115: 1550 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1551 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1552 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1553 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1554 155520081225: 1556 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1557 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1558 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1559 in next mpd5.3 release. 1560 156120081219: 1562 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1563 the base system (it was a port). 1564 156520081216: 1566 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1567 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1568 156920081214: 1570 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1571 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1572 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1573 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1574 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1575 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1576 none of the L2 information. 1577 157820081130: 1579 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1580 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1581 1582 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1583 1584 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1585 1586 device ath_hal 1587 1588 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1589 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1590 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1591 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1592 159320081121: 1594 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1595 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1596 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1597 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1598 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1599 packets. 1600 160120081117: 1602 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1603 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1604 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1605 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1606 160720081028: 1608 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1609 161020081009: 1611 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1612 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1613 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1614 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1615 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1616 1617 uhci_load="YES" 1618 ehci_load="YES" 1619 162020081009: 1621 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1622 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1623 sync. 1624 162520081009: 1626 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1627 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1628 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1629 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1630 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1631 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1632 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1633 163420080820: 1635 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1636 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1637 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1638 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1639 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1640 1641 PCI/ISA: 1642 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1643 1644 USB: 1645 ubser, ucycom 1646 1647 Line disciplines: 1648 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1649 1650 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1651 cause compilation to fail. 1652 165320080818: 1654 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1655 165620080801: 1657 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1658 1659 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1660 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1661 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1662 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1663 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1664 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1665 accepting the RSA key. 1666 1667 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1668 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1669 command line. 1670 1671 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1672 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1673 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1674 behavior. 1675 167620080713: 1677 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1678 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1679 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1680 1681 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1682 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1683 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1684 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1685 use the new device names. 1686 1687 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1688 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1689 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1690 at the loader prompt: 1691 1692 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1693 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1694 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1695 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1696 boot -s 1697 169820080609: 1699 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1700 disks instead. 1701 170220080603: 1703 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1704 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1705 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1706 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1707 170820080525: 1709 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1710 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1711 171220080509: 1713 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1714 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1715 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1716 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1717 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1718 171920080420: 1720 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1721 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1722 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1723 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1724 For example, change: 1725 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1726 to 1727 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1728 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1729 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1730 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1731 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1732 1733 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1734 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1735 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1736 173720080408: 1738 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1739 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1740 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1741 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1742 other operation levels. 1743 174420080312: 1745 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1746 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1747 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1748 compatibility with any prior release: 1749 1750 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1751 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1752 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1753 175420080301: 1755 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1756 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1757 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1758 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1759 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1760 nonetheless. 1761 176220080229: 1763 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1764 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1765 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1766 with older hardware easier to do. 1767 176820080220: 1769 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1770 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1771 177220080211: 1773 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1774 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1775 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1776 firewall rules. 1777 177820080208: 1779 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1780 mbuf chains. 1781 178220080126: 1783 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1784 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1785 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1786 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1787 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1788 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1789 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1790 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1791 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1792 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1793 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1794 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1795 179620080123: 1797 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1798 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1799 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1800 180120071128: 1802 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1803 functionality is the default now. 1804 180520071118: 1806 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1807 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1808 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1809 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1810 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1811 1812 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1813 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1814 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1815 181620071024: 1817 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1818 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1819 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1820 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1821 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1822 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1823 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1824 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1825 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1826 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1827 however. 1828 182920071020: 1830 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1831 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1832 used kproc_start().. 1833 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1834 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1835 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1836 183720071010: 1838 RELENG_7 branched. 1839 1840COMMON ITEMS: 1841 1842 General Notes 1843 ------------- 1844 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1845 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1846 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1847 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1848 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1849 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1850 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1851 1852 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1853 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1854 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1855 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1856 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1857 1858 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1859 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1860 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1861 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1862 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1863 1864 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1865 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1866 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1867 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1868 1869 ZFS notes 1870 --------- 1871 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1872 these two steps: 1873 1874 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1875 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1876 1877 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1878 1879 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1880 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1881 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1882 1883 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1884 1885 To build a kernel 1886 ----------------- 1887 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1888 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1889 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1890 1891 make kernel-toolchain 1892 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1893 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1894 1895 To test a kernel once 1896 --------------------- 1897 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1898 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1899 debugging information) run 1900 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1901 nextboot -k testkernel 1902 1903 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1904 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1905 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1906 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1907 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1908 1909 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1910 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1911 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1912 make depend 1913 make 1914 make install 1915 1916 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1917 1918 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1919 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1920 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1921 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1922 1923 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1924 make buildworld 1925 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1926 [1] 1927 <reboot in single user> [3] 1928 mergemaster -p [5] 1929 make installworld 1930 mergemaster -i [4] 1931 make delete-old [6] 1932 <reboot> 1933 1934 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1935 -------------------------------------------------- 1936 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1937 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1938 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1939 # size. 1940 1941 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1942 <boot into -stable> 1943 make buildworld 1944 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1945 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1946 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1947 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1948 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1949 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1950 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1951 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1952 <reboot into current> 1953 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1954 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1955 <reboot> 1956 1957 1958 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1959 ---------------------------------------------- 1960 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1961 make buildworld [9] 1962 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1963 [1] 1964 <reboot in single user> [3] 1965 mergemaster -p [5] 1966 make installworld 1967 mergemaster -i [4] 1968 make delete-old [6] 1969 <reboot> 1970 1971 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1972 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1973 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1974 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1975 the UPDATING entries. 1976 1977 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1978 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1979 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1980 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1981 much fewer pitfalls. 1982 1983 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1984 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1985 system on reboot. 1986 1987 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1988 fsck -p 1989 mount -u / 1990 mount -a 1991 cd src 1992 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1993 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1994 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1995 1996 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1997 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1998 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1999 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2000 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2001 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2002 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2003 2004 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 2005 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2006 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2007 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2008 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2009 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2010 2011 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2012 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2013 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2014 2015 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 2016 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 2017 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 2018 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 2019 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 2020 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 2021 2022 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2023 last time you updated your kernel config file. 2024 2025 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 2026 cvs prune empty directories. 2027 2028 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2029 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2030 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2031 2032 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2033 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2034 warn if it is improperly defined. 2035FORMAT: 2036 2037This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2038breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2039list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 2040If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2041to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2042 2043Copyright information: 2044 2045Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 2046 2047Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2048modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2049document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2050 2051THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2052IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2053WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2054DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2055INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2056(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2057SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2058HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2059STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2060IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2061POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2062 2063Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2064this document. 2065 2066$FreeBSD: releng/10.0/UPDATING 265987 2014-05-13 23:22:28Z delphij $ 2067