ffs.c revision 290589
1/* $NetBSD: ffs.c,v 1.44 2009/04/28 22:49:26 joerg Exp $ */ 2 3/* 4 * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc. 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc. 8 * 9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11 * are met: 12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 18 * must display the following acknowledgement: 19 * This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by 20 * Wasabi Systems, Inc. 21 * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse 22 * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior 23 * written permission. 24 * 25 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND 26 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 27 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 28 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC 29 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 30 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 31 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 32 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 33 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 34 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 35 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 36 */ 37/* 38 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993 39 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 40 * 41 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 42 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 43 * are met: 44 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 45 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 46 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 47 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 48 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 49 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 50 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 51 * without specific prior written permission. 52 * 53 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 54 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 55 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 56 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 57 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 58 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 59 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 60 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 61 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 62 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 63 * SUCH DAMAGE. 64 * 65 * @(#)ffs_alloc.c 8.19 (Berkeley) 7/13/95 66 */ 67 68#include <sys/cdefs.h> 69__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/10/usr.sbin/makefs/ffs.c 290589 2015-11-09 08:59:55Z ngie $"); 70 71#include <sys/param.h> 72 73#include <sys/mount.h> 74 75#include <assert.h> 76#include <errno.h> 77#include <fcntl.h> 78#include <stdarg.h> 79#include <stdint.h> 80#include <stdio.h> 81#include <stdlib.h> 82#include <string.h> 83#include <time.h> 84#include <unistd.h> 85 86#include "makefs.h" 87#include "ffs.h" 88 89#if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS 90#include <sys/statvfs.h> 91#endif 92 93#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 94#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 95#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 96 97 98#include "ffs/ufs_bswap.h" 99#include "ffs/ufs_inode.h" 100#include "ffs/newfs_extern.h" 101#include "ffs/ffs_extern.h" 102 103#undef DIP 104#define DIP(dp, field) \ 105 ((ffs_opts->version == 1) ? \ 106 (dp)->ffs1_din.di_##field : (dp)->ffs2_din.di_##field) 107 108/* 109 * Various file system defaults (cribbed from newfs(8)). 110 */ 111#define DFL_FRAGSIZE 1024 /* fragment size */ 112#define DFL_BLKSIZE 8192 /* block size */ 113#define DFL_SECSIZE 512 /* sector size */ 114#define DFL_CYLSPERGROUP 65536 /* cylinders per group */ 115#define DFL_FRAGSPERINODE 4 /* fragments per inode */ 116#define DFL_ROTDELAY 0 /* rotational delay */ 117#define DFL_NRPOS 1 /* rotational positions */ 118#define DFL_RPM 3600 /* rpm of disk */ 119#define DFL_NSECTORS 64 /* # of sectors */ 120#define DFL_NTRACKS 16 /* # of tracks */ 121 122 123typedef struct { 124 u_char *buf; /* buf for directory */ 125 doff_t size; /* full size of buf */ 126 doff_t cur; /* offset of current entry */ 127} dirbuf_t; 128 129 130static int ffs_create_image(const char *, fsinfo_t *); 131static void ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsinfo_t *); 132static void ffs_dump_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *, const char *, int); 133static void ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *, const char *, fsnode *, int); 134static int ffs_populate_dir(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *); 135static void ffs_size_dir(fsnode *, fsinfo_t *); 136static void ffs_validate(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *); 137static void ffs_write_file(union dinode *, uint32_t, void *, fsinfo_t *); 138static void ffs_write_inode(union dinode *, uint32_t, const fsinfo_t *); 139static void *ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *, 140 fsnode *, fsinfo_t *); 141static void *ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *, 142 fsnode *, fsinfo_t *); 143 144 145 146int sectorsize; /* XXX: for buf.c::getblk() */ 147 148 /* publicly visible functions */ 149 150void 151ffs_prep_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts) 152{ 153 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts; 154 155 if ((ffs_opts = calloc(1, sizeof(ffs_opt_t))) == NULL) 156 err(1, "Allocating memory for ffs_options"); 157 158 fsopts->fs_specific = ffs_opts; 159 160 ffs_opts->bsize= -1; 161 ffs_opts->fsize= -1; 162 ffs_opts->cpg= -1; 163 ffs_opts->density= -1; 164 ffs_opts->minfree= -1; 165 ffs_opts->optimization= -1; 166 ffs_opts->maxcontig= -1; 167 ffs_opts->maxbpg= -1; 168 ffs_opts->avgfilesize= -1; 169 ffs_opts->avgfpdir= -1; 170 ffs_opts->version = 1; 171} 172 173void 174ffs_cleanup_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts) 175{ 176 if (fsopts->fs_specific) 177 free(fsopts->fs_specific); 178} 179 180int 181ffs_parse_opts(const char *option, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 182{ 183 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 184 185 option_t ffs_options[] = { 186 { "bsize", &ffs_opts->bsize, 1, INT_MAX, 187 "block size" }, 188 { "fsize", &ffs_opts->fsize, 1, INT_MAX, 189 "fragment size" }, 190 { "density", &ffs_opts->density, 1, INT_MAX, 191 "bytes per inode" }, 192 { "minfree", &ffs_opts->minfree, 0, 99, 193 "minfree" }, 194 { "maxbpg", &ffs_opts->maxbpg, 1, INT_MAX, 195 "max blocks per file in a cg" }, 196 { "avgfilesize", &ffs_opts->avgfilesize,1, INT_MAX, 197 "expected average file size" }, 198 { "avgfpdir", &ffs_opts->avgfpdir, 1, INT_MAX, 199 "expected # of files per directory" }, 200 { "extent", &ffs_opts->maxbsize, 1, INT_MAX, 201 "maximum # extent size" }, 202 { "maxbpcg", &ffs_opts->maxblkspercg,1, INT_MAX, 203 "max # of blocks per group" }, 204 { "version", &ffs_opts->version, 1, 2, 205 "UFS version" }, 206 { .name = NULL } 207 }; 208 209 char *var, *val; 210 int rv; 211 212 assert(option != NULL); 213 assert(fsopts != NULL); 214 assert(ffs_opts != NULL); 215 216 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_PARSE_OPTS) 217 printf("ffs_parse_opts: got `%s'\n", option); 218 219 if ((var = strdup(option)) == NULL) 220 err(1, "Allocating memory for copy of option string"); 221 rv = 0; 222 223 if ((val = strchr(var, '=')) == NULL) { 224 warnx("Option `%s' doesn't contain a value", var); 225 goto leave_ffs_parse_opts; 226 } 227 *val++ = '\0'; 228 229 if (strcmp(var, "optimization") == 0) { 230 if (strcmp(val, "time") == 0) { 231 ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTTIME; 232 } else if (strcmp(val, "space") == 0) { 233 ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTSPACE; 234 } else { 235 warnx("Invalid optimization `%s'", val); 236 goto leave_ffs_parse_opts; 237 } 238 rv = 1; 239 } else if (strcmp(var, "label") == 0) { 240 strlcpy(ffs_opts->label, val, sizeof(ffs_opts->label)); 241 rv = 1; 242 } else 243 rv = set_option(ffs_options, var, val); 244 245 leave_ffs_parse_opts: 246 if (var) 247 free(var); 248 return (rv); 249} 250 251 252void 253ffs_makefs(const char *image, const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 254{ 255 struct fs *superblock; 256 struct timeval start; 257 258 assert(image != NULL); 259 assert(dir != NULL); 260 assert(root != NULL); 261 assert(fsopts != NULL); 262 263 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS) 264 printf("ffs_makefs: image %s directory %s root %p\n", 265 image, dir, root); 266 267 /* validate tree and options */ 268 TIMER_START(start); 269 ffs_validate(dir, root, fsopts); 270 TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_validate"); 271 272 printf("Calculated size of `%s': %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n", 273 image, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes); 274 275 /* create image */ 276 TIMER_START(start); 277 if (ffs_create_image(image, fsopts) == -1) 278 errx(1, "Image file `%s' not created.", image); 279 TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_create_image"); 280 281 fsopts->curinode = ROOTINO; 282 283 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS) 284 putchar('\n'); 285 286 /* populate image */ 287 printf("Populating `%s'\n", image); 288 TIMER_START(start); 289 if (! ffs_populate_dir(dir, root, fsopts)) 290 errx(1, "Image file `%s' not populated.", image); 291 TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_populate_dir"); 292 293 /* ensure no outstanding buffers remain */ 294 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS) 295 bcleanup(); 296 297 /* update various superblock parameters */ 298 superblock = fsopts->superblock; 299 superblock->fs_fmod = 0; 300 superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 301 superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 302 superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 303 superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 304 305 /* write out superblock; image is now complete */ 306 ffs_write_superblock(fsopts->superblock, fsopts); 307 if (close(fsopts->fd) == -1) 308 err(1, "Closing `%s'", image); 309 fsopts->fd = -1; 310 printf("Image `%s' complete\n", image); 311} 312 313 /* end of public functions */ 314 315 316static void 317ffs_validate(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 318{ 319 int32_t ncg = 1; 320#if notyet 321 int32_t spc, nspf, ncyl, fssize; 322#endif 323 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 324 325 assert(dir != NULL); 326 assert(root != NULL); 327 assert(fsopts != NULL); 328 assert(ffs_opts != NULL); 329 330 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE) { 331 printf("ffs_validate: before defaults set:\n"); 332 ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsopts); 333 } 334 335 /* set FFS defaults */ 336 if (fsopts->sectorsize == -1) 337 fsopts->sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE; 338 if (ffs_opts->fsize == -1) 339 ffs_opts->fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, fsopts->sectorsize); 340 if (ffs_opts->bsize == -1) 341 ffs_opts->bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * ffs_opts->fsize); 342 if (ffs_opts->cpg == -1) 343 ffs_opts->cpg = DFL_CYLSPERGROUP; 344 else 345 ffs_opts->cpgflg = 1; 346 /* fsopts->density is set below */ 347 if (ffs_opts->nsectors == -1) 348 ffs_opts->nsectors = DFL_NSECTORS; 349 if (ffs_opts->minfree == -1) 350 ffs_opts->minfree = MINFREE; 351 if (ffs_opts->optimization == -1) 352 ffs_opts->optimization = DEFAULTOPT; 353 if (ffs_opts->maxcontig == -1) 354 ffs_opts->maxcontig = 355 MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, FFS_MAXBSIZE) / ffs_opts->bsize); 356 /* XXX ondisk32 */ 357 if (ffs_opts->maxbpg == -1) 358 ffs_opts->maxbpg = ffs_opts->bsize / sizeof(int32_t); 359 if (ffs_opts->avgfilesize == -1) 360 ffs_opts->avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ; 361 if (ffs_opts->avgfpdir == -1) 362 ffs_opts->avgfpdir = AFPDIR; 363 364 /* calculate size of tree */ 365 ffs_size_dir(root, fsopts); 366 fsopts->inodes += ROOTINO; /* include first two inodes */ 367 368 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE) 369 printf("ffs_validate: size of tree: %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n", 370 (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes); 371 372 /* add requested slop */ 373 fsopts->size += fsopts->freeblocks; 374 fsopts->inodes += fsopts->freefiles; 375 if (fsopts->freefilepc > 0) 376 fsopts->inodes = 377 fsopts->inodes * (100 + fsopts->freefilepc) / 100; 378 if (fsopts->freeblockpc > 0) 379 fsopts->size = 380 fsopts->size * (100 + fsopts->freeblockpc) / 100; 381 382 /* add space needed for superblocks */ 383 /* 384 * The old SBOFF (SBLOCK_UFS1) is used here because makefs is 385 * typically used for small filesystems where space matters. 386 * XXX make this an option. 387 */ 388 fsopts->size += (SBLOCK_UFS1 + SBLOCKSIZE) * ncg; 389 /* add space needed to store inodes, x3 for blockmaps, etc */ 390 if (ffs_opts->version == 1) 391 fsopts->size += ncg * DINODE1_SIZE * 392 roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg, 393 ffs_opts->bsize / DINODE1_SIZE); 394 else 395 fsopts->size += ncg * DINODE2_SIZE * 396 roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg, 397 ffs_opts->bsize / DINODE2_SIZE); 398 399 /* add minfree */ 400 if (ffs_opts->minfree > 0) 401 fsopts->size = 402 fsopts->size * (100 + ffs_opts->minfree) / 100; 403 /* 404 * XXX any other fs slop to add, such as csum's, bitmaps, etc ?? 405 */ 406 407 if (fsopts->size < fsopts->minsize) /* ensure meets minimum size */ 408 fsopts->size = fsopts->minsize; 409 410 /* round up to the next block */ 411 fsopts->size = roundup(fsopts->size, ffs_opts->bsize); 412 413 /* round up to requested block size, if any */ 414 if (fsopts->roundup > 0) 415 fsopts->size = roundup(fsopts->size, fsopts->roundup); 416 417 /* calculate density if necessary */ 418 if (ffs_opts->density == -1) 419 ffs_opts->density = fsopts->size / fsopts->inodes + 1; 420 421 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE) { 422 printf("ffs_validate: after defaults set:\n"); 423 ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsopts); 424 printf("ffs_validate: dir %s; %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n", 425 dir, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes); 426 } 427 sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize; /* XXX - see earlier */ 428 429 /* now check calculated sizes vs requested sizes */ 430 if (fsopts->maxsize > 0 && fsopts->size > fsopts->maxsize) { 431 errx(1, "`%s' size of %lld is larger than the maxsize of %lld.", 432 dir, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->maxsize); 433 } 434} 435 436 437static void 438ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsinfo_t *f) 439{ 440 441 ffs_opt_t *fs = f->fs_specific; 442 443 printf("fsopts at %p\n", f); 444 445 printf("\tsize %lld, inodes %lld, curinode %u\n", 446 (long long)f->size, (long long)f->inodes, f->curinode); 447 448 printf("\tminsize %lld, maxsize %lld\n", 449 (long long)f->minsize, (long long)f->maxsize); 450 printf("\tfree files %lld, freefile %% %d\n", 451 (long long)f->freefiles, f->freefilepc); 452 printf("\tfree blocks %lld, freeblock %% %d\n", 453 (long long)f->freeblocks, f->freeblockpc); 454 printf("\tneedswap %d, sectorsize %d\n", f->needswap, f->sectorsize); 455 456 printf("\tbsize %d, fsize %d, cpg %d, density %d\n", 457 fs->bsize, fs->fsize, fs->cpg, fs->density); 458 printf("\tnsectors %d, rpm %d, minfree %d\n", 459 fs->nsectors, fs->rpm, fs->minfree); 460 printf("\tmaxcontig %d, maxbpg %d\n", 461 fs->maxcontig, fs->maxbpg); 462 printf("\toptimization %s\n", 463 fs->optimization == FS_OPTSPACE ? "space" : "time"); 464} 465 466 467static int 468ffs_create_image(const char *image, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 469{ 470#if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS 471 struct statvfs sfs; 472#endif 473 struct fs *fs; 474 char *buf; 475 int i, bufsize; 476 off_t bufrem; 477 478 assert (image != NULL); 479 assert (fsopts != NULL); 480 481 /* create image */ 482 if ((fsopts->fd = open(image, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666)) 483 == -1) { 484 warn("Can't open `%s' for writing", image); 485 return (-1); 486 } 487 488 /* zero image */ 489#if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS 490 if (fstatvfs(fsopts->fd, &sfs) == -1) { 491#endif 492 bufsize = 8192; 493#if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS 494 warn("can't fstatvfs `%s', using default %d byte chunk", 495 image, bufsize); 496 } else 497 bufsize = sfs.f_iosize; 498#endif 499 bufrem = fsopts->size; 500 if (fsopts->sparse) { 501 if (ftruncate(fsopts->fd, bufrem) == -1) { 502 warn("sparse option disabled.\n"); 503 fsopts->sparse = 0; 504 } 505 } 506 if (fsopts->sparse) { 507 /* File truncated at bufrem. Remaining is 0 */ 508 bufrem = 0; 509 buf = NULL; 510 } else { 511 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE) 512 printf("zero-ing image `%s', %lld sectors, " 513 "using %d byte chunks\n", image, (long long)bufrem, 514 bufsize); 515 if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL) { 516 warn("Can't create buffer for sector"); 517 return (-1); 518 } 519 } 520 while (bufrem > 0) { 521 i = write(fsopts->fd, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem)); 522 if (i == -1) { 523 warn("zeroing image, %lld bytes to go", 524 (long long)bufrem); 525 free(buf); 526 return (-1); 527 } 528 bufrem -= i; 529 } 530 if (buf) 531 free(buf); 532 533 /* make the file system */ 534 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE) 535 printf("calling mkfs(\"%s\", ...)\n", image); 536 fs = ffs_mkfs(image, fsopts); 537 fsopts->superblock = (void *)fs; 538 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE) { 539 time_t t; 540 541 t = (time_t)((struct fs *)fsopts->superblock)->fs_time; 542 printf("mkfs returned %p; fs_time %s", 543 fsopts->superblock, ctime(&t)); 544 printf("fs totals: nbfree %lld, nffree %lld, nifree %lld, ndir %lld\n", 545 (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree, 546 (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree, 547 (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree, 548 (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir); 549 } 550 551 if (fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO < fsopts->inodes) { 552 warnx( 553 "Image file `%s' has %lld free inodes; %lld are required.", 554 image, 555 (long long)(fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO), 556 (long long)fsopts->inodes); 557 return (-1); 558 } 559 return (fsopts->fd); 560} 561 562 563static void 564ffs_size_dir(fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 565{ 566 struct direct tmpdir; 567 fsnode * node; 568 int curdirsize, this; 569 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 570 571 /* node may be NULL (empty directory) */ 572 assert(fsopts != NULL); 573 assert(ffs_opts != NULL); 574 575 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR) 576 printf("ffs_size_dir: entry: bytes %lld inodes %lld\n", 577 (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes); 578 579#define ADDDIRENT(e) do { \ 580 tmpdir.d_namlen = strlen((e)); \ 581 this = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, &tmpdir, 0); \ 582 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_ADD_DIRENT) \ 583 printf("ADDDIRENT: was: %s (%d) this %d cur %d\n", \ 584 e, tmpdir.d_namlen, this, curdirsize); \ 585 if (this + curdirsize > roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ)) \ 586 curdirsize = roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ); \ 587 curdirsize += this; \ 588 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_ADD_DIRENT) \ 589 printf("ADDDIRENT: now: %s (%d) this %d cur %d\n", \ 590 e, tmpdir.d_namlen, this, curdirsize); \ 591} while (0); 592 593 /* 594 * XXX this needs to take into account extra space consumed 595 * by indirect blocks, etc. 596 */ 597#define ADDSIZE(x) do { \ 598 fsopts->size += roundup((x), ffs_opts->fsize); \ 599} while (0); 600 601 curdirsize = 0; 602 for (node = root; node != NULL; node = node->next) { 603 ADDDIRENT(node->name); 604 if (node == root) { /* we're at "." */ 605 assert(strcmp(node->name, ".") == 0); 606 ADDDIRENT(".."); 607 } else if ((node->inode->flags & FI_SIZED) == 0) { 608 /* don't count duplicate names */ 609 node->inode->flags |= FI_SIZED; 610 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_NODE) 611 printf("ffs_size_dir: `%s' size %lld\n", 612 node->name, 613 (long long)node->inode->st.st_size); 614 fsopts->inodes++; 615 if (node->type == S_IFREG) 616 ADDSIZE(node->inode->st.st_size); 617 if (node->type == S_IFLNK) { 618 int slen; 619 620 slen = strlen(node->symlink) + 1; 621 if (slen >= (ffs_opts->version == 1 ? 622 MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1 : 623 MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2)) 624 ADDSIZE(slen); 625 } 626 } 627 if (node->type == S_IFDIR) 628 ffs_size_dir(node->child, fsopts); 629 } 630 ADDSIZE(curdirsize); 631 632 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR) 633 printf("ffs_size_dir: exit: size %lld inodes %lld\n", 634 (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes); 635} 636 637static void * 638ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur, 639 fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 640{ 641 int slen; 642 void *membuf; 643 644 memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp)); 645 dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode; 646 dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink; 647 dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size; 648 dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime; 649 dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime; 650 dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime; 651#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 652 dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atimensec; 653 dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtimensec; 654 dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctimensec; 655#endif 656#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 657 dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags; 658#endif 659#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 660 dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen; 661#endif 662 dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid; 663 dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid; 664 /* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */ 665 666 membuf = NULL; 667 if (cur == root) { /* "."; write dirbuf */ 668 membuf = dbufp->buf; 669 dinp->di_size = dbufp->size; 670 } else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) { 671 dinp->di_size = 0; /* a device */ 672 dinp->di_rdev = 673 ufs_rw32(cur->inode->st.st_rdev, fsopts->needswap); 674 } else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) { /* symlink */ 675 slen = strlen(cur->symlink); 676 if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1) { /* short link */ 677 memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen); 678 } else 679 membuf = cur->symlink; 680 dinp->di_size = slen; 681 } 682 return membuf; 683} 684 685static void * 686ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur, 687 fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 688{ 689 int slen; 690 void *membuf; 691 692 memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp)); 693 dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode; 694 dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink; 695 dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size; 696 dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime; 697 dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime; 698 dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime; 699#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 700 dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atimensec; 701 dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtimensec; 702 dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctimensec; 703#endif 704#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 705 dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags; 706#endif 707#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 708 dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen; 709#endif 710#if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_BIRTHTIME 711 dinp->di_birthtime = cur->inode->st.st_birthtime; 712 dinp->di_birthnsec = cur->inode->st.st_birthtimensec; 713#endif 714 dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid; 715 dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid; 716 /* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */ 717 718 membuf = NULL; 719 if (cur == root) { /* "."; write dirbuf */ 720 membuf = dbufp->buf; 721 dinp->di_size = dbufp->size; 722 } else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) { 723 dinp->di_size = 0; /* a device */ 724 dinp->di_rdev = 725 ufs_rw64(cur->inode->st.st_rdev, fsopts->needswap); 726 } else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) { /* symlink */ 727 slen = strlen(cur->symlink); 728 if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2) { /* short link */ 729 memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen); 730 } else 731 membuf = cur->symlink; 732 dinp->di_size = slen; 733 } 734 return membuf; 735} 736 737static int 738ffs_populate_dir(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 739{ 740 fsnode *cur; 741 dirbuf_t dirbuf; 742 union dinode din; 743 void *membuf; 744 char path[MAXPATHLEN + 1]; 745 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 746 747 assert(dir != NULL); 748 assert(root != NULL); 749 assert(fsopts != NULL); 750 assert(ffs_opts != NULL); 751 752 (void)memset(&dirbuf, 0, sizeof(dirbuf)); 753 754 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE) 755 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 1 dir %s node %p\n", dir, root); 756 757 /* 758 * pass 1: allocate inode numbers, build directory `file' 759 */ 760 for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) { 761 if ((cur->inode->flags & FI_ALLOCATED) == 0) { 762 cur->inode->flags |= FI_ALLOCATED; 763 if (cur == root && cur->parent != NULL) 764 cur->inode->ino = cur->parent->inode->ino; 765 else { 766 cur->inode->ino = fsopts->curinode; 767 fsopts->curinode++; 768 } 769 } 770 ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, cur->name, cur, fsopts->needswap); 771 if (cur == root) { /* we're at "."; add ".." */ 772 ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, "..", 773 cur->parent == NULL ? cur : cur->parent->first, 774 fsopts->needswap); 775 root->inode->nlink++; /* count my parent's link */ 776 } else if (cur->child != NULL) 777 root->inode->nlink++; /* count my child's link */ 778 779 /* 780 * XXX possibly write file and long symlinks here, 781 * ensuring that blocks get written before inodes? 782 * otoh, this isn't a real filesystem, so who 783 * cares about ordering? :-) 784 */ 785 } 786 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE_DIRBUF) 787 ffs_dump_dirbuf(&dirbuf, dir, fsopts->needswap); 788 789 /* 790 * pass 2: write out dirbuf, then non-directories at this level 791 */ 792 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE) 793 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 2 dir %s\n", dir); 794 for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) { 795 if (cur->inode->flags & FI_WRITTEN) 796 continue; /* skip hard-linked entries */ 797 cur->inode->flags |= FI_WRITTEN; 798 799 if (cur->contents == NULL) { 800 if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s/%s", cur->root, 801 cur->path, cur->name) >= (int)sizeof(path)) 802 errx(1, "Pathname too long."); 803 } 804 805 if (cur->child != NULL) 806 continue; /* child creates own inode */ 807 808 /* build on-disk inode */ 809 if (ffs_opts->version == 1) 810 membuf = ffs_build_dinode1(&din.ffs1_din, &dirbuf, cur, 811 root, fsopts); 812 else 813 membuf = ffs_build_dinode2(&din.ffs2_din, &dirbuf, cur, 814 root, fsopts); 815 816 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE_NODE) { 817 printf("ffs_populate_dir: writing ino %d, %s", 818 cur->inode->ino, inode_type(cur->type)); 819 if (cur->inode->nlink > 1) 820 printf(", nlink %d", cur->inode->nlink); 821 putchar('\n'); 822 } 823 824 if (membuf != NULL) { 825 ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, membuf, fsopts); 826 } else if (S_ISREG(cur->type)) { 827 ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, 828 (cur->contents) ? cur->contents : path, fsopts); 829 } else { 830 assert (! S_ISDIR(cur->type)); 831 ffs_write_inode(&din, cur->inode->ino, fsopts); 832 } 833 } 834 835 /* 836 * pass 3: write out sub-directories 837 */ 838 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE) 839 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 3 dir %s\n", dir); 840 for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) { 841 if (cur->child == NULL) 842 continue; 843 if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", dir, cur->name) 844 >= sizeof(path)) 845 errx(1, "Pathname too long."); 846 if (! ffs_populate_dir(path, cur->child, fsopts)) 847 return (0); 848 } 849 850 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE) 851 printf("ffs_populate_dir: DONE dir %s\n", dir); 852 853 /* cleanup */ 854 if (dirbuf.buf != NULL) 855 free(dirbuf.buf); 856 return (1); 857} 858 859 860static void 861ffs_write_file(union dinode *din, uint32_t ino, void *buf, fsinfo_t *fsopts) 862{ 863 int isfile, ffd; 864 char *fbuf, *p; 865 off_t bufleft, chunk, offset; 866 ssize_t nread; 867 struct inode in; 868 struct buf * bp; 869 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 870 871 assert (din != NULL); 872 assert (buf != NULL); 873 assert (fsopts != NULL); 874 assert (ffs_opts != NULL); 875 876 isfile = S_ISREG(DIP(din, mode)); 877 fbuf = NULL; 878 ffd = -1; 879 p = NULL; 880 881 in.i_fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock; 882 883 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_FILE) { 884 printf( 885 "ffs_write_file: ino %u, din %p, isfile %d, %s, size %lld", 886 ino, din, isfile, inode_type(DIP(din, mode) & S_IFMT), 887 (long long)DIP(din, size)); 888 if (isfile) 889 printf(", file '%s'\n", (char *)buf); 890 else 891 printf(", buffer %p\n", buf); 892 } 893 894 in.i_number = ino; 895 in.i_size = DIP(din, size); 896 if (ffs_opts->version == 1) 897 memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs1_din, &din->ffs1_din, 898 sizeof(in.i_din.ffs1_din)); 899 else 900 memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs2_din, &din->ffs2_din, 901 sizeof(in.i_din.ffs2_din)); 902 in.i_fd = fsopts->fd; 903 904 if (DIP(din, size) == 0) 905 goto write_inode_and_leave; /* mmm, cheating */ 906 907 if (isfile) { 908 if ((fbuf = malloc(ffs_opts->bsize)) == NULL) 909 err(1, "Allocating memory for write buffer"); 910 if ((ffd = open((char *)buf, O_RDONLY, 0444)) == -1) { 911 warn("Can't open `%s' for reading", (char *)buf); 912 goto leave_ffs_write_file; 913 } 914 } else { 915 p = buf; 916 } 917 918 chunk = 0; 919 for (bufleft = DIP(din, size); bufleft > 0; bufleft -= chunk) { 920 chunk = MIN(bufleft, ffs_opts->bsize); 921 if (!isfile) 922 ; 923 else if ((nread = read(ffd, fbuf, chunk)) == -1) 924 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go", 925 (char *)buf, (long long)bufleft); 926 else if (nread != chunk) 927 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go, " 928 "read %zd bytes, expected %ju bytes, does " 929 "metalog size= attribute mismatch source size?", 930 (char *)buf, (long long)bufleft, nread, 931 (uintmax_t)chunk); 932 else 933 p = fbuf; 934 offset = DIP(din, size) - bufleft; 935 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_FILE_BLOCK) 936 printf( 937 "ffs_write_file: write %p offset %lld size %lld left %lld\n", 938 p, (long long)offset, 939 (long long)chunk, (long long)bufleft); 940 /* 941 * XXX if holey support is desired, do the check here 942 * 943 * XXX might need to write out last bit in fragroundup 944 * sized chunk. however, ffs_balloc() handles this for us 945 */ 946 errno = ffs_balloc(&in, offset, chunk, &bp); 947 bad_ffs_write_file: 948 if (errno != 0) 949 err(1, 950 "Writing inode %d (%s), bytes %lld + %lld", 951 ino, 952 isfile ? (char *)buf : 953 inode_type(DIP(din, mode) & S_IFMT), 954 (long long)offset, (long long)chunk); 955 memcpy(bp->b_data, p, chunk); 956 errno = bwrite(bp); 957 if (errno != 0) 958 goto bad_ffs_write_file; 959 brelse(bp); 960 if (!isfile) 961 p += chunk; 962 } 963 964 write_inode_and_leave: 965 ffs_write_inode(&in.i_din, in.i_number, fsopts); 966 967 leave_ffs_write_file: 968 if (fbuf) 969 free(fbuf); 970 if (ffd != -1) 971 close(ffd); 972} 973 974 975static void 976ffs_dump_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *dbuf, const char *dir, int needswap) 977{ 978 doff_t i; 979 struct direct *de; 980 uint16_t reclen; 981 982 assert (dbuf != NULL); 983 assert (dir != NULL); 984 printf("ffs_dump_dirbuf: dir %s size %d cur %d\n", 985 dir, dbuf->size, dbuf->cur); 986 987 for (i = 0; i < dbuf->size; ) { 988 de = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + i); 989 reclen = ufs_rw16(de->d_reclen, needswap); 990 printf( 991 " inode %4d %7s offset %4d reclen %3d namlen %3d name %s\n", 992 ufs_rw32(de->d_ino, needswap), 993 inode_type(DTTOIF(de->d_type)), i, reclen, 994 de->d_namlen, de->d_name); 995 i += reclen; 996 assert(reclen > 0); 997 } 998} 999 1000static void 1001ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *dbuf, const char *name, fsnode *node, int needswap) 1002{ 1003 struct direct de, *dp; 1004 uint16_t llen, reclen; 1005 u_char *newbuf; 1006 1007 assert (dbuf != NULL); 1008 assert (name != NULL); 1009 assert (node != NULL); 1010 /* create direct entry */ 1011 (void)memset(&de, 0, sizeof(de)); 1012 de.d_ino = ufs_rw32(node->inode->ino, needswap); 1013 de.d_type = IFTODT(node->type); 1014 de.d_namlen = (uint8_t)strlen(name); 1015 strcpy(de.d_name, name); 1016 reclen = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, &de, needswap); 1017 de.d_reclen = ufs_rw16(reclen, needswap); 1018 1019 dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur); 1020 llen = 0; 1021 if (dp != NULL) 1022 llen = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, dp, needswap); 1023 1024 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKE_DIRBUF) 1025 printf( 1026 "ffs_make_dirbuf: dbuf siz %d cur %d lastlen %d\n" 1027 " ino %d type %d reclen %d namlen %d name %.30s\n", 1028 dbuf->size, dbuf->cur, llen, 1029 ufs_rw32(de.d_ino, needswap), de.d_type, reclen, 1030 de.d_namlen, de.d_name); 1031 1032 if (reclen + dbuf->cur + llen > roundup(dbuf->size, DIRBLKSIZ)) { 1033 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKE_DIRBUF) 1034 printf("ffs_make_dirbuf: growing buf to %d\n", 1035 dbuf->size + DIRBLKSIZ); 1036 if ((newbuf = realloc(dbuf->buf, dbuf->size + DIRBLKSIZ)) == NULL) 1037 err(1, "Allocating memory for directory buffer"); 1038 dbuf->buf = newbuf; 1039 dbuf->size += DIRBLKSIZ; 1040 memset(dbuf->buf + dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ, 0, DIRBLKSIZ); 1041 dbuf->cur = dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ; 1042 } else if (dp) { /* shrink end of previous */ 1043 dp->d_reclen = ufs_rw16(llen,needswap); 1044 dbuf->cur += llen; 1045 } 1046 dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur); 1047 memcpy(dp, &de, reclen); 1048 dp->d_reclen = ufs_rw16(dbuf->size - dbuf->cur, needswap); 1049} 1050 1051/* 1052 * cribbed from sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_alloc.c 1053 */ 1054static void 1055ffs_write_inode(union dinode *dp, uint32_t ino, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 1056{ 1057 char *buf; 1058 struct ufs1_dinode *dp1; 1059 struct ufs2_dinode *dp2, *dip; 1060 struct cg *cgp; 1061 struct fs *fs; 1062 int cg, cgino, i; 1063 daddr_t d; 1064 char sbbuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE]; 1065 int32_t initediblk; 1066 ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific; 1067 1068 assert (dp != NULL); 1069 assert (ino > 0); 1070 assert (fsopts != NULL); 1071 assert (ffs_opts != NULL); 1072 1073 fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock; 1074 cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ino); 1075 cgino = ino % fs->fs_ipg; 1076 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_INODE) 1077 printf("ffs_write_inode: din %p ino %u cg %d cgino %d\n", 1078 dp, ino, cg, cgino); 1079 1080 ffs_rdfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf, 1081 fsopts); 1082 cgp = (struct cg *)sbbuf; 1083 if (!cg_chkmagic_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap)) 1084 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: cg %d: bad magic number", cg); 1085 1086 assert (isclr(cg_inosused_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap), cgino)); 1087 1088 buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize); 1089 if (buf == NULL) 1090 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: cg %d: can't alloc inode block", cg); 1091 1092 dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)buf; 1093 dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf; 1094 1095 if (fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree == 0) 1096 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: fs out of inodes for ino %u", 1097 ino); 1098 if (fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree == 0) 1099 errx(1, 1100 "ffs_write_inode: cg %d out of inodes for ino %u", 1101 cg, ino); 1102 setbit(cg_inosused_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap), cgino); 1103 ufs_add32(cgp->cg_cs.cs_nifree, -1, fsopts->needswap); 1104 fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree--; 1105 fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree--; 1106 if (S_ISDIR(DIP(dp, mode))) { 1107 ufs_add32(cgp->cg_cs.cs_ndir, 1, fsopts->needswap); 1108 fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir++; 1109 fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_ndir++; 1110 } 1111 1112 /* 1113 * Initialize inode blocks on the fly for UFS2. 1114 */ 1115 initediblk = ufs_rw32(cgp->cg_initediblk, fsopts->needswap); 1116 if (ffs_opts->version == 2 && cgino + INOPB(fs) > initediblk && 1117 initediblk < ufs_rw32(cgp->cg_niblk, fsopts->needswap)) { 1118 memset(buf, 0, fs->fs_bsize); 1119 dip = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf; 1120 srandom(time(NULL)); 1121 for (i = 0; i < INOPB(fs); i++) { 1122 dip->di_gen = random() / 2 + 1; 1123 dip++; 1124 } 1125 ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, 1126 cg * fs->fs_ipg + initediblk)), 1127 fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts); 1128 initediblk += INOPB(fs); 1129 cgp->cg_initediblk = ufs_rw32(initediblk, fsopts->needswap); 1130 } 1131 1132 1133 ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf, 1134 fsopts); 1135 1136 /* now write inode */ 1137 d = fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino)); 1138 ffs_rdfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts); 1139 if (fsopts->needswap) { 1140 if (ffs_opts->version == 1) 1141 ffs_dinode1_swap(&dp->ffs1_din, 1142 &dp1[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)]); 1143 else 1144 ffs_dinode2_swap(&dp->ffs2_din, 1145 &dp2[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)]); 1146 } else { 1147 if (ffs_opts->version == 1) 1148 dp1[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs1_din; 1149 else 1150 dp2[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs2_din; 1151 } 1152 ffs_wtfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts); 1153 free(buf); 1154} 1155 1156void 1157panic(const char *fmt, ...) 1158{ 1159 va_list ap; 1160 1161 va_start(ap, fmt); 1162 vwarnx(fmt, ap); 1163 va_end(ap); 1164 exit(1); 1165} 1166