route.c revision 316042
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#ifndef lint
31static const char copyright[] =
32"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34#endif /* not lint */
35
36#ifndef lint
37#if 0
38static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39#endif
40#endif /* not lint */
41
42#include <sys/cdefs.h>
43__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/10/sbin/route/route.c 316042 2017-03-27 18:24:27Z ngie $");
44
45#include <sys/param.h>
46#include <sys/file.h>
47#include <sys/socket.h>
48#include <sys/ioctl.h>
49#include <sys/sysctl.h>
50#include <sys/types.h>
51#include <sys/queue.h>
52
53#include <net/if.h>
54#include <net/route.h>
55#include <net/if_dl.h>
56#include <netinet/in.h>
57#include <netinet/if_ether.h>
58#include <netatalk/at.h>
59#include <arpa/inet.h>
60#include <netdb.h>
61
62#include <ctype.h>
63#include <err.h>
64#include <errno.h>
65#include <paths.h>
66#include <stdio.h>
67#include <stdlib.h>
68#include <string.h>
69#include <sysexits.h>
70#include <time.h>
71#include <unistd.h>
72#include <ifaddrs.h>
73
74static struct keytab {
75	const char	*kt_cp;
76	int	kt_i;
77} keywords[] = {
78#include "keywords.h"
79	{0, 0}
80};
81
82static struct sockaddr_storage so[RTAX_MAX];
83static int	pid, rtm_addrs;
84static int	s;
85static int	nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
86static int	verbose, aflen;
87static int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
88static struct rt_metrics rt_metrics;
89static u_long  rtm_inits;
90static uid_t	uid;
91static int	defaultfib;
92static int	numfibs;
93
94static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
95static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr);
96static void	printb(int, const char *);
97static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
98static int	flushroutes_fib(int);
99static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **, int);
100static int	keyword(const char *);
101#ifdef INET
102static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *,
103		    struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
104#endif
105#ifdef INET6
106static int	inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
107#endif
108static void	interfaces(void);
109static void	monitor(int, char*[]);
110static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
111static void	newroute(int, char **);
112static int	newroute_fib(int, char *, int);
113static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
114static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
115static int	prefixlen(const char *);
116static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int, int);
117static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
118static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
119static int	rtmsg(int, int, int);
120static void	set_metric(char *, int);
121static int	set_sofib(int);
122static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *, size_t);
123static void	sodump(struct sockaddr *, const char *);
124
125struct fibl {
126	TAILQ_ENTRY(fibl)	fl_next;
127
128	int	fl_num;
129	int	fl_error;
130	int	fl_errno;
131};
132static TAILQ_HEAD(fibl_head_t, fibl) fibl_head;
133
134static int	fiboptlist_csv(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
135static int	fiboptlist_range(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
136
137static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
138
139static void
140usage(const char *cp)
141{
142	if (cp != NULL)
143		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
144	errx(EX_USAGE, "usage: route [-46dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]");
145	/* NOTREACHED */
146}
147
148int
149main(int argc, char **argv)
150{
151	int ch;
152	size_t len;
153
154	if (argc < 2)
155		usage(NULL);
156
157	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "46nqdtv")) != -1)
158		switch(ch) {
159		case '4':
160#ifdef INET
161			af = AF_INET;
162			aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
163#else
164			errx(1, "IPv4 support is not compiled in");
165#endif
166			break;
167		case '6':
168#ifdef INET6
169			af = AF_INET6;
170			aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
171#else
172			errx(1, "IPv6 support is not compiled in");
173#endif
174			break;
175		case 'n':
176			nflag = 1;
177			break;
178		case 'q':
179			qflag = 1;
180			break;
181		case 'v':
182			verbose = 1;
183			break;
184		case 't':
185			tflag = 1;
186			break;
187		case 'd':
188			debugonly = 1;
189			break;
190		case '?':
191		default:
192			usage(NULL);
193		}
194	argc -= optind;
195	argv += optind;
196
197	pid = getpid();
198	uid = geteuid();
199	if (tflag)
200		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
201	else
202		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
203	if (s < 0)
204		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
205
206	len = sizeof(numfibs);
207	if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", (void *)&numfibs, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
208		numfibs = -1;
209
210	len = sizeof(defaultfib);
211	if (numfibs != -1 &&
212	    sysctlbyname("net.my_fibnum", (void *)&defaultfib, &len, NULL,
213		0) == -1)
214		defaultfib = -1;
215
216	if (*argv != NULL)
217		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
218		case K_GET:
219		case K_SHOW:
220			uid = 0;
221			/* FALLTHROUGH */
222
223		case K_CHANGE:
224		case K_ADD:
225		case K_DEL:
226		case K_DELETE:
227			newroute(argc, argv);
228			/* NOTREACHED */
229
230		case K_MONITOR:
231			monitor(argc, argv);
232			/* NOTREACHED */
233
234		case K_FLUSH:
235			flushroutes(argc, argv);
236			exit(0);
237			/* NOTREACHED */
238		}
239	usage(*argv);
240	/* NOTREACHED */
241}
242
243static int
244set_sofib(int fib)
245{
246
247	if (fib < 0)
248		return (0);
249	return (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, (void *)&fib,
250	    sizeof(fib)));
251}
252
253static int
254fiboptlist_range(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
255{
256	struct fibl *fl;
257	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
258	int fib[2], i, error;
259
260	str0 = str = strdup(arg);
261	error = 0;
262	i = 0;
263	while ((token = strsep(&str, "-")) != NULL) {
264		switch (i) {
265		case 0:
266		case 1:
267			errno = 0;
268			fib[i] = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
269			if (errno == 0) {
270				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
271				    fib[i] < 0 ||
272				    (numfibs != -1 && fib[i] > numfibs - 1))
273					errno = EINVAL;
274			}
275			if (errno)
276				error = 1;
277			break;
278		default:
279			error = 1;
280		}
281		if (error)
282			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
283		i++;
284	}
285	if (fib[0] >= fib[1]) {
286		error = 1;
287		goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
288	}
289	for (i = fib[0]; i <= fib[1]; i++) {
290		fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
291		if (fl == NULL) {
292			error = 1;
293			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
294		}
295		fl->fl_num = i;
296		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
297	}
298fiboptlist_range_ret:
299	free(str0);
300	return (error);
301}
302
303#define	ALLSTRLEN	64
304static int
305fiboptlist_csv(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
306{
307	struct fibl *fl;
308	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
309	int fib, error;
310
311	str0 = str = NULL;
312	if (strcmp("all", arg) == 0) {
313		str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
314		if (str == NULL) {
315			error = 1;
316			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
317		}
318		if (numfibs > 1)
319			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d-%d", 0, numfibs - 1);
320		else
321			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", 0);
322	} else if (strcmp("default", arg) == 0) {
323		str0 = str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
324		if (str == NULL) {
325			error = 1;
326			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
327		}
328		snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", defaultfib);
329	} else
330		str0 = str = strdup(arg);
331
332	error = 0;
333	while ((token = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
334		if (*token != '-' && strchr(token, '-') != NULL) {
335			error = fiboptlist_range(token, flh);
336			if (error)
337				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
338		} else {
339			errno = 0;
340			fib = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
341			if (errno == 0) {
342				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
343				    fib < 0 ||
344				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
345					errno = EINVAL;
346			}
347			if (errno) {
348				error = 1;
349				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
350			}
351			fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
352			if (fl == NULL) {
353				error = 1;
354				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
355			}
356			fl->fl_num = fib;
357			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
358		}
359	}
360fiboptlist_csv_ret:
361	if (str0 != NULL)
362		free(str0);
363	return (error);
364}
365
366/*
367 * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
368 * associated with network interfaces.
369 */
370static void
371flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
372{
373	struct fibl *fl;
374	int error;
375
376	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag)
377		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
378	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
379
380	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
381	while (argc > 1) {
382		argc--;
383		argv++;
384		if (**argv != '-')
385			usage(*argv);
386		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
387#ifdef INET
388		case K_4:
389		case K_INET:
390			af = AF_INET;
391			break;
392#endif
393#ifdef INET6
394		case K_6:
395		case K_INET6:
396			af = AF_INET6;
397			break;
398#endif
399		case K_ATALK:
400			af = AF_APPLETALK;
401			break;
402		case K_LINK:
403			af = AF_LINK;
404			break;
405		case K_FIB:
406			if (!--argc)
407				usage(*argv);
408			error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
409			if (error)
410				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
411			break;
412		default:
413			usage(*argv);
414		}
415	}
416	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
417		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
418		if (error)
419			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
420	}
421	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next)
422		flushroutes_fib(fl->fl_num);
423}
424
425static int
426flushroutes_fib(int fib)
427{
428	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
429	size_t needed;
430	char *buf, *next, *lim;
431	int mib[7], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
432	int error;
433
434	error = set_sofib(fib);
435	if (error) {
436		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
437		return (error);
438	}
439
440retry:
441	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
442	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
443	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
444	mib[3] = AF_UNSPEC;
445	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
446	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
447	mib[6] = fib;
448	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
449		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
450	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
451		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
452	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
453		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
454			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
455			sleep(1);
456			free(buf);
457			goto retry;
458		}
459		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
460	}
461	lim = buf + needed;
462	if (verbose)
463		(void)printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
464	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
465	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
466		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
467		if (verbose)
468			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
469		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
470			continue;
471		if (af != 0) {
472			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
473
474			if (sa->sa_family != af)
475				continue;
476		}
477		if (debugonly)
478			continue;
479		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
480		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
481		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
482		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
483			err(1, "write to routing socket");
484		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
485			warn("write to routing socket");
486			(void)printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
487			free(buf);
488			goto retry;
489			break;
490		}
491		seqno++;
492		if (qflag)
493			continue;
494		if (verbose)
495			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
496		else {
497			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
498
499			printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
500			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
501			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
502			printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
503			if (fib >= 0)
504				printf("-fib %-3d ", fib);
505			printf("done\n");
506		}
507	}
508	return (error);
509}
510
511static const char *
512routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
513{
514	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
515	const char *cp;
516	static char line[NI_MAXHOST];
517	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
518	static int first = 1, n;
519
520	if (first) {
521		first = 0;
522		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
523		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
524			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
525			(void)strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
526		} else
527			domain[0] = '\0';
528	}
529
530	/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
531	if (sa->sa_len == 0 && nflag == 0)
532		return ("default");
533#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
534	switch (sa->sa_family) {
535#ifdef INET
536	case AF_INET:
537		/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
538		if (nflag == 0 &&
539		    ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr.s_addr ==
540		    INADDR_ANY)
541			return("default");
542		break;
543#endif
544#ifdef INET6
545	case AF_INET6:
546		/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
547		if (nflag == 0 &&
548		    IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa)->sin6_addr))
549			return("default");
550		break;
551#endif
552	}
553#endif
554
555	switch (sa->sa_family) {
556#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
557#ifdef INET
558	case AF_INET:
559#endif
560#ifdef INET6
561	case AF_INET6:
562#endif
563	{
564		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
565		int error;
566		char *p;
567
568		memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
569		if (sa->sa_len == 0)
570			ss.ss_family = sa->sa_family;
571		else
572			memcpy(&ss, sa, sa->sa_len);
573		/* Expand sa->sa_len because it could be shortened. */
574		if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
575			ss.ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
576		else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
577			ss.ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
578		error = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&ss, ss.ss_len,
579		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0,
580		    (nflag == 0) ? 0 : NI_NUMERICHOST);
581		if (error) {
582			warnx("getnameinfo(): %s", gai_strerror(error));
583			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
584		}
585
586		/* Remove the domain part if any. */
587		p = strchr(line, '.');
588		if (p != NULL && strcmp(p + 1, domain) == 0)
589			*p = '\0';
590
591		return (line);
592		break;
593	}
594#endif
595	case AF_APPLETALK:
596		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
597		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr));
598		break;
599
600	case AF_LINK:
601		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
602
603		if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 &&
604		    sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
605		    sdl->sdl_slen == 0) {
606			n = snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "link#%d",
607			    sdl->sdl_index);
608			if (n > (int)sizeof(line))
609			    line[0] = '\0';
610			return (line);
611		} else
612			return (link_ntoa(sdl));
613		break;
614
615	default:
616	    {
617		u_short *sp = (u_short *)(void *)sa;
618		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
619		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
620		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
621
622		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
623			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
624				cps += n;
625			else
626				*cps = '\0';
627		break;
628	    }
629	}
630	return (line);
631}
632
633/*
634 * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
635 * The address is assumed to be that of a net, not a host.
636 */
637static const char *
638netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
639{
640	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
641	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
642	int n;
643#ifdef INET
644	struct netent *np = NULL;
645	const char *cp = NULL;
646	u_long i;
647#endif
648
649	switch (sa->sa_family) {
650#ifdef INET
651	case AF_INET:
652	{
653		struct in_addr in;
654
655		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr;
656		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
657		if (in.s_addr == 0)
658			cp = "default";
659		else if (!nflag) {
660			np = getnetbyaddr(i, AF_INET);
661			if (np != NULL)
662				cp = np->n_name;
663		}
664#define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
665		if (cp != NULL)
666			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
667		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
668			(void)sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
669		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
670			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
671			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
672		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
673			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
674			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
675		else
676			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
677			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
678			    C(in.s_addr));
679#undef C
680		break;
681	}
682#endif
683#ifdef INET6
684	case AF_INET6:
685	{
686		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6;
687		int niflags = 0;
688
689		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
690		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
691		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(sin6);
692		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
693		if (nflag)
694			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
695		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
696		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
697			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
698
699		return(line);
700	}
701#endif
702
703	case AF_APPLETALK:
704		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
705		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr));
706		break;
707
708	case AF_LINK:
709		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
710
711		if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 &&
712		    sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
713		    sdl->sdl_slen == 0) {
714			n = snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "link#%d",
715			    sdl->sdl_index);
716			if (n > (int)sizeof(line))
717			    line[0] = '\0';
718			return (line);
719		} else
720			return (link_ntoa(sdl));
721		break;
722
723	default:
724	    {
725		u_short *sp = (u_short *)(void *)sa->sa_data;
726		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
727		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
728		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
729
730		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
731			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
732				cps += n;
733			else
734				*cps = '\0';
735		break;
736	    }
737	}
738	return (line);
739}
740
741static void
742set_metric(char *value, int key)
743{
744	int flag = 0;
745	char *endptr;
746	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
747
748	switch (key) {
749#define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
750	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
751	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
752	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
753	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
754	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
755	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
756	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
757	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
758	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
759	}
760	rtm_inits |= flag;
761	if (lockrest || locking)
762		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
763	if (locking)
764		locking = 0;
765	errno = 0;
766	*valp = strtol(value, &endptr, 0);
767	if (errno == 0 && *endptr != '\0')
768		errno = EINVAL;
769	if (errno)
770		err(EX_USAGE, "%s", value);
771	if (flag & RTV_EXPIRE && (value[0] == '+' || value[0] == '-')) {
772		struct timespec ts;
773
774		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST, &ts);
775		*valp += ts.tv_sec;
776	}
777}
778
779#define	F_ISHOST	0x01
780#define	F_FORCENET	0x02
781#define	F_FORCEHOST	0x04
782#define	F_PROXY		0x08
783#define	F_INTERFACE	0x10
784
785static void
786newroute(int argc, char **argv)
787{
788	struct hostent *hp;
789	struct fibl *fl;
790	char *cmd;
791	const char *dest, *gateway, *errmsg;
792	int key, error, flags, nrflags, fibnum;
793
794	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag)
795		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
796	dest = NULL;
797	gateway = NULL;
798	flags = RTF_STATIC;
799	nrflags = 0;
800	hp = NULL;
801	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
802
803	cmd = argv[0];
804	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
805		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
806	while (--argc > 0) {
807		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
808			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
809			case K_LINK:
810				af = AF_LINK;
811				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
812				break;
813#ifdef INET
814			case K_4:
815			case K_INET:
816				af = AF_INET;
817				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
818				break;
819#endif
820#ifdef INET6
821			case K_6:
822			case K_INET6:
823				af = AF_INET6;
824				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
825				break;
826#endif
827			case K_ATALK:
828				af = AF_APPLETALK;
829				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
830				break;
831			case K_SA:
832				af = PF_ROUTE;
833				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
834				break;
835			case K_IFACE:
836			case K_INTERFACE:
837				nrflags |= F_INTERFACE;
838				break;
839			case K_NOSTATIC:
840				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
841				break;
842			case K_LOCK:
843				locking = 1;
844				break;
845			case K_LOCKREST:
846				lockrest = 1;
847				break;
848			case K_HOST:
849				nrflags |= F_FORCEHOST;
850				break;
851			case K_REJECT:
852				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
853				break;
854			case K_BLACKHOLE:
855				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
856				break;
857			case K_PROTO1:
858				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
859				break;
860			case K_PROTO2:
861				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
862				break;
863			case K_PROTO3:
864				flags |= RTF_PROTO3;
865				break;
866			case K_PROXY:
867				nrflags |= F_PROXY;
868				break;
869			case K_XRESOLVE:
870				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
871				break;
872			case K_STATIC:
873				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
874				break;
875			case K_STICKY:
876				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
877				break;
878			case K_NOSTICK:
879				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
880				break;
881			case K_FIB:
882				if (!--argc)
883					usage(NULL);
884				error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
885				if (error)
886					errx(EX_USAGE,
887					    "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
888				break;
889			case K_IFA:
890				if (!--argc)
891					usage(NULL);
892				getaddr(RTAX_IFA, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
893				break;
894			case K_IFP:
895				if (!--argc)
896					usage(NULL);
897				getaddr(RTAX_IFP, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
898				break;
899			case K_GENMASK:
900				if (!--argc)
901					usage(NULL);
902				getaddr(RTAX_GENMASK, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
903				break;
904			case K_GATEWAY:
905				if (!--argc)
906					usage(NULL);
907				getaddr(RTAX_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
908				gateway = *argv;
909				break;
910			case K_DST:
911				if (!--argc)
912					usage(NULL);
913				if (getaddr(RTAX_DST, *++argv, &hp, nrflags))
914					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
915				dest = *argv;
916				break;
917			case K_NETMASK:
918				if (!--argc)
919					usage(NULL);
920				getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
921				/* FALLTHROUGH */
922			case K_NET:
923				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
924				break;
925			case K_PREFIXLEN:
926				if (!--argc)
927					usage(NULL);
928				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
929					nrflags &= ~F_FORCENET;
930					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
931				} else {
932					nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
933					nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
934				}
935				break;
936			case K_MTU:
937			case K_HOPCOUNT:
938			case K_EXPIRE:
939			case K_RECVPIPE:
940			case K_SENDPIPE:
941			case K_SSTHRESH:
942			case K_RTT:
943			case K_RTTVAR:
944			case K_WEIGHT:
945				if (!--argc)
946					usage(NULL);
947				set_metric(*++argv, key);
948				break;
949			default:
950				usage(1+*argv);
951			}
952		} else {
953			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
954				dest = *argv;
955				if (getaddr(RTAX_DST, *argv, &hp, nrflags))
956					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
957			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
958				gateway = *argv;
959				getaddr(RTAX_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp, nrflags);
960			} else {
961				getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, *argv, 0, nrflags);
962				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
963			}
964		}
965	}
966
967	if (so[RTAX_DST].ss_len == 0) {
968		warnx("destination parameter required");
969		usage(NULL);
970	}
971
972	if (nrflags & F_FORCEHOST) {
973		nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
974#ifdef INET6
975		if (af == AF_INET6) {
976			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
977			memset(&so[RTAX_NETMASK], 0, sizeof(so[RTAX_NETMASK]));
978		}
979#endif
980	}
981	if (nrflags & F_FORCENET)
982		nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
983	flags |= RTF_UP;
984	if (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
985		flags |= RTF_HOST;
986	if ((nrflags & F_INTERFACE) == 0)
987		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
988	if (nrflags & F_PROXY)
989		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
990	if (dest == NULL)
991		dest = "";
992	if (gateway == NULL)
993		gateway = "";
994
995	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
996		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
997		if (error)
998			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
999	}
1000	error = 0;
1001	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1002		fl->fl_error = newroute_fib(fl->fl_num, cmd, flags);
1003		if (fl->fl_error)
1004			fl->fl_errno = errno;
1005		error += fl->fl_error;
1006	}
1007	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
1008		exit(error);
1009
1010	error = 0;
1011	if (!qflag) {
1012		fibnum = 0;
1013		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1014			if (fl->fl_error == 0)
1015				fibnum++;
1016		}
1017		if (fibnum > 0) {
1018			int firstfib = 1;
1019
1020			printf("%s %s %s", cmd,
1021			    (nrflags & F_ISHOST) ? "host" : "net", dest);
1022			if (*gateway)
1023				printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
1024
1025			if (numfibs > 1) {
1026				TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1027					if (fl->fl_error == 0
1028					    && fl->fl_num >= 0) {
1029						if (firstfib) {
1030							printf(" fib ");
1031							firstfib = 0;
1032						}
1033						printf("%d", fl->fl_num);
1034						if (fibnum-- > 1)
1035							printf(",");
1036					}
1037				}
1038			}
1039			printf("\n");
1040		}
1041
1042		fibnum = 0;
1043		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1044			if (fl->fl_error != 0) {
1045				printf("%s %s %s", cmd, (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
1046				    ? "host" : "net", dest);
1047				if (*gateway)
1048					printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
1049
1050				if (fl->fl_num >= 0)
1051					printf(" fib %d", fl->fl_num);
1052
1053				switch (fl->fl_errno) {
1054				case ESRCH:
1055					errmsg = "not in table";
1056					break;
1057				case EBUSY:
1058					errmsg = "entry in use";
1059					break;
1060				case ENOBUFS:
1061					errmsg = "not enough memory";
1062					break;
1063				case EADDRINUSE:
1064					/*
1065					 * handle recursion avoidance
1066					 * in rt_setgate()
1067					 */
1068					errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
1069					break;
1070				case EEXIST:
1071					errmsg = "route already in table";
1072					break;
1073				default:
1074					errmsg = strerror(fl->fl_errno);
1075					break;
1076				}
1077				printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
1078				error = 1;
1079			}
1080		}
1081	}
1082	exit(error);
1083}
1084
1085static int
1086newroute_fib(int fib, char *cmd, int flags)
1087{
1088	int error;
1089
1090	error = set_sofib(fib);
1091	if (error) {
1092		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
1093		return (error);
1094	}
1095
1096	error = rtmsg(*cmd, flags, fib);
1097	return (error);
1098}
1099
1100#ifdef INET
1101static void
1102inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin,
1103    struct sockaddr_in *sin_mask, u_long bits)
1104{
1105	u_long mask = 0;
1106
1107	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1108
1109	/*
1110	 * MSB of net should be meaningful. 0/0 is exception.
1111	 */
1112	if (net > 0)
1113		while ((net & 0xff000000) == 0)
1114			net <<= 8;
1115
1116	/*
1117	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
1118	 * CIDR address.
1119	 */
1120	if ((bits == 0) && (net != 0)) {
1121		u_long i, j;
1122
1123		for(i = 0, j = 0xff; i < 4; i++)  {
1124			if (net & j) {
1125				break;
1126			}
1127			j <<= 8;
1128		}
1129		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
1130		bits = 32 - (i*8);
1131	}
1132	if (bits != 0)
1133		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
1134
1135	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(net);
1136	sin_mask->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
1137	sin_mask->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1138	sin_mask->sin_family = AF_INET;
1139}
1140#endif
1141
1142#ifdef INET6
1143/*
1144 * XXX the function may need more improvement...
1145 */
1146static int
1147inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
1148{
1149	struct in6_addr in6;
1150
1151	if (plen == NULL) {
1152		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
1153		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
1154			plen = "0";
1155		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
1156			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
1157			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
1158			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
1159				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
1160				plen = "64";
1161		}
1162	}
1163
1164	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
1165		return (1);
1166	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1167	prefixlen(plen);
1168	return (0);
1169}
1170#endif
1171
1172/*
1173 * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
1174 * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
1175 */
1176static int
1177getaddr(int idx, char *str, struct hostent **hpp, int nrflags)
1178{
1179	struct sockaddr *sa;
1180#if defined(INET)
1181	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1182	struct hostent *hp;
1183	struct netent *np;
1184	u_long val;
1185	char *q;
1186#elif defined(INET6)
1187	char *q;
1188#endif
1189
1190	if (idx < 0 || idx >= RTAX_MAX)
1191		usage("internal error");
1192	if (af == 0) {
1193#if defined(INET)
1194		af = AF_INET;
1195		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1196#elif defined(INET6)
1197		af = AF_INET6;
1198		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
1199#else
1200		af = AF_LINK;
1201		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1202#endif
1203	}
1204#ifndef INET
1205	hpp = NULL;
1206#endif
1207	rtm_addrs |= (1 << idx);
1208	sa = (struct sockaddr *)&so[idx];
1209	sa->sa_family = af;
1210	sa->sa_len = aflen;
1211
1212	switch (idx) {
1213	case RTAX_GATEWAY:
1214		if (nrflags & F_INTERFACE) {
1215			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
1216			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl0 = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
1217			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
1218
1219			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
1220				err(EX_OSERR, "getifaddrs");
1221
1222			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
1223				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
1224					continue;
1225
1226				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
1227					continue;
1228
1229				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)ifa->ifa_addr;
1230			}
1231			/* If we found it, then use it */
1232			if (sdl != NULL) {
1233				/*
1234				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
1235				 * freeifaddrs().
1236				 */
1237				memcpy(sdl0, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
1238			}
1239			freeifaddrs(ifap);
1240			if (sdl != NULL)
1241				return(1);
1242			else
1243				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1244				    "interface '%s' does not exist", str);
1245		}
1246		break;
1247	case RTAX_IFP:
1248		sa->sa_family = AF_LINK;
1249		break;
1250	}
1251	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
1252		/*
1253		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
1254		 */
1255		switch (idx) {
1256		case RTAX_DST:
1257			nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
1258			getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, str, 0, nrflags);
1259			break;
1260		}
1261		return (0);
1262	}
1263	switch (sa->sa_family) {
1264#ifdef INET6
1265	case AF_INET6:
1266	{
1267		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
1268		int ecode;
1269
1270		q = NULL;
1271		if (idx == RTAX_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
1272			*q = '\0';
1273		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1274		hints.ai_family = sa->sa_family;
1275		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
1276		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
1277		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
1278		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6))
1279			errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: %s", str, gai_strerror(ecode));
1280		memcpy(sa, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
1281		freeaddrinfo(res);
1282		if (q != NULL)
1283			*q++ = '/';
1284		if (idx == RTAX_DST)
1285			return (inet6_makenetandmask((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa, q));
1286		return (0);
1287	}
1288#endif /* INET6 */
1289
1290	case AF_APPLETALK:
1291	{
1292		struct sockaddr_at *sat = (struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa;
1293
1294		if (!atalk_aton(str, &sat->sat_addr))
1295			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1296		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1297		return(nrflags & F_FORCEHOST || sat->sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1298	}
1299	case AF_LINK:
1300		link_addr(str, (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa);
1301		return (1);
1302
1303	case PF_ROUTE:
1304		sockaddr(str, sa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage));
1305		return (1);
1306#ifdef INET
1307	case AF_INET:
1308#endif
1309	default:
1310		break;
1311	}
1312
1313#ifdef INET
1314	sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa;
1315	if (hpp == NULL)
1316		hpp = &hp;
1317	*hpp = NULL;
1318
1319	q = strchr(str,'/');
1320	if (q != NULL && idx == RTAX_DST) {
1321		*q = '\0';
1322		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1323			inet_makenetandmask(val, sin,
1324			    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK],
1325			    strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1326			return (0);
1327		}
1328		*q = '/';
1329	}
1330	if ((idx != RTAX_DST || (nrflags & F_FORCENET) == 0) &&
1331	    inet_aton(str, &sin->sin_addr)) {
1332		val = sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
1333		if (idx != RTAX_DST || nrflags & F_FORCEHOST ||
1334		    inet_lnaof(sin->sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1335			return (1);
1336		else {
1337			val = ntohl(val);
1338			goto netdone;
1339		}
1340	}
1341	if (idx == RTAX_DST && (nrflags & F_FORCEHOST) == 0 &&
1342	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1343	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1344netdone:
1345		inet_makenetandmask(val, sin,
1346		    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK], 0);
1347		return (0);
1348	}
1349	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1350	if (hp != NULL) {
1351		*hpp = hp;
1352		sin->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1353		memmove((char *)&sin->sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1354		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(sin->sin_addr)));
1355		return (1);
1356	}
1357#endif
1358	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1359}
1360
1361static int
1362prefixlen(const char *str)
1363{
1364	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1365	int max;
1366	char *p;
1367
1368	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1369	switch (af) {
1370#ifdef INET6
1371	case AF_INET6:
1372	{
1373		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 =
1374		    (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK];
1375
1376		max = 128;
1377		p = (char *)&sin6->sin6_addr;
1378		sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1379		sin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sin6);
1380		break;
1381	}
1382#endif
1383#ifdef INET
1384	case AF_INET:
1385	{
1386		struct sockaddr_in *sin =
1387		    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK];
1388
1389		max = 32;
1390		p = (char *)&sin->sin_addr;
1391		sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1392		sin->sin_len = sizeof(*sin);
1393		break;
1394	}
1395#endif
1396	default:
1397		errx(EX_OSERR, "prefixlen not supported in this af");
1398	}
1399
1400	if (len < 0 || max < len)
1401		errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid prefixlen", str);
1402
1403	q = len >> 3;
1404	r = len & 7;
1405	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1406	if (q > 0)
1407		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1408	if (r > 0)
1409		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1410	if (len == max)
1411		return (-1);
1412	else
1413		return (len);
1414}
1415
1416static void
1417interfaces(void)
1418{
1419	size_t needed;
1420	int mib[6];
1421	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1422	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1423
1424retry2:
1425	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1426	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1427	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1428	mib[3] = AF_UNSPEC;
1429	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1430	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1431	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1432		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1433	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1434		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1435	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1436		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1437			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1438			sleep(1);
1439			free(buf);
1440			goto retry2;
1441		}
1442		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1443	}
1444	lim = buf + needed;
1445	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1446		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
1447		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1448	}
1449}
1450
1451static void
1452monitor(int argc, char *argv[])
1453{
1454	int n, fib, error;
1455	char msg[2048], *endptr;
1456
1457	fib = defaultfib;
1458	while (argc > 1) {
1459		argc--;
1460		argv++;
1461		if (**argv != '-')
1462			usage(*argv);
1463		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
1464		case K_FIB:
1465			if (!--argc)
1466				usage(*argv);
1467			errno = 0;
1468			fib = strtol(*++argv, &endptr, 0);
1469			if (errno == 0) {
1470				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
1471				    fib < 0 ||
1472				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
1473					errno = EINVAL;
1474			}
1475			if (errno)
1476				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
1477			break;
1478		default:
1479			usage(*argv);
1480		}
1481	}
1482	error = set_sofib(fib);
1483	if (error)
1484		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %d", fib);
1485
1486	verbose = 1;
1487	if (debugonly) {
1488		interfaces();
1489		exit(0);
1490	}
1491	for (;;) {
1492		time_t now;
1493		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1494		now = time(NULL);
1495		(void)printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1496		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)msg, n);
1497	}
1498}
1499
1500static struct {
1501	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1502	char	m_space[512];
1503} m_rtmsg;
1504
1505static int
1506rtmsg(int cmd, int flags, int fib)
1507{
1508	static int seq;
1509	int rlen;
1510	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1511	int l;
1512
1513#define NEXTADDR(w, u)							\
1514	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {						\
1515		l = (((struct sockaddr *)&(u))->sa_len == 0) ?		\
1516		    sizeof(long) :					\
1517		    1 + ((((struct sockaddr *)&(u))->sa_len - 1)	\
1518			| (sizeof(long) - 1));				\
1519		memmove(cp, (char *)&(u), l);				\
1520		cp += l;						\
1521		if (verbose)						\
1522			sodump((struct sockaddr *)&(u), #w);		\
1523	}
1524
1525	errno = 0;
1526	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1527	if (cmd == 'a')
1528		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1529	else if (cmd == 'c')
1530		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1531	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1532		cmd = RTM_GET;
1533		if (so[RTAX_IFP].ss_family == 0) {
1534			so[RTAX_IFP].ss_family = AF_LINK;
1535			so[RTAX_IFP].ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1536			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1537		}
1538	} else
1539		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1540#define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1541	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1542	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1543	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1544	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1545	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1546	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1547	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1548
1549	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so[RTAX_DST]);
1550	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so[RTAX_GATEWAY]);
1551	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so[RTAX_NETMASK]);
1552	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so[RTAX_GENMASK]);
1553	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so[RTAX_IFP]);
1554	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so[RTAX_IFA]);
1555	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1556	if (verbose)
1557		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1558	if (debugonly)
1559		return (0);
1560	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1561		if (errno == EPERM)
1562			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1563		warn("writing to routing socket");
1564		return (-1);
1565	}
1566	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1567		do {
1568			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1569		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1570		if (l < 0)
1571			warn("read from routing socket");
1572		else
1573			print_getmsg(&rtm, l, fib);
1574	}
1575#undef rtm
1576	return (0);
1577}
1578
1579static const char *msgtypes[] = {
1580	"",
1581	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1582	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1583	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1584	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1585	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1586	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1587	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1588	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1589	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1590	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1591	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1592	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1593	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1594	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1595	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1596	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1597	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1598	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1599};
1600
1601static const char metricnames[] =
1602    "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1603    "\1mtu";
1604static const char routeflags[] =
1605    "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1606    "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1607    "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1608    "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1609static const char ifnetflags[] =
1610    "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1611    "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1612    "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1613static const char addrnames[] =
1614    "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1615
1616static const char errfmt[] =
1617    "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1618
1619static void
1620print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1621{
1622	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1623	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1624#ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1625	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1626#endif
1627	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1628	const char *state;
1629
1630	if (verbose == 0)
1631		return;
1632	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1633		(void)printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1634		    rtm->rtm_version);
1635		return;
1636	}
1637	if (rtm->rtm_type < nitems(msgtypes))
1638		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1639	else
1640		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1641	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1642
1643#define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1644	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1645		goto badlen;		\
1646	else				\
1647		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1648	} while (0)
1649
1650	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1651	case RTM_IFINFO:
1652		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1653		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1654		(void)printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1655		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1656		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1657			state = "down";
1658			break;
1659		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1660			state = "up";
1661			break;
1662		default:
1663			state = "unknown";
1664			break;
1665		}
1666		(void)printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1667		printb(ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1668		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1669		break;
1670	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1671	case RTM_DELADDR:
1672		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1673		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1674		(void)printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1675		printb(ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1676		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1677		break;
1678#ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1679	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1680	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1681		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1682		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1683		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1684		break;
1685#endif
1686	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1687		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1688		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1689		(void)printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1690		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1691		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1692			(void)printf("arrival");
1693			break;
1694		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1695			printf("departure");
1696			break;
1697		default:
1698			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1699			break;
1700		}
1701		printf("\n");
1702		fflush(stdout);
1703		break;
1704
1705	default:
1706		printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1707			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1708		printb(rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1709		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1710	}
1711
1712	return;
1713
1714badlen:
1715	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1716#undef	REQUIRE
1717}
1718
1719static void
1720print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen, int fib)
1721{
1722	struct sockaddr *sp[RTAX_MAX];
1723	struct timespec ts;
1724	char *cp;
1725	int i;
1726
1727	memset(sp, 0, sizeof(sp));
1728	(void)printf("   route to: %s\n",
1729	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so[RTAX_DST]));
1730	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1731		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1732		     rtm->rtm_version);
1733		return;
1734	}
1735	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1736		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1737		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1738		return;
1739	}
1740	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1741		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1742		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1743		return;
1744	}
1745	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1746	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++)
1747		if (rtm->rtm_addrs & (1 << i)) {
1748			sp[i] = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1749			cp += SA_SIZE((struct sockaddr *)cp);
1750		}
1751	if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_IFP) &&
1752	    (sp[RTAX_IFP]->sa_family != AF_LINK ||
1753	     ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_nlen == 0))
1754			sp[RTAX_IFP] = NULL;
1755	if (sp[RTAX_DST] && sp[RTAX_NETMASK])
1756		sp[RTAX_NETMASK]->sa_family = sp[RTAX_DST]->sa_family; /* XXX */
1757	if (sp[RTAX_DST])
1758		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_DST]));
1759	if (sp[RTAX_NETMASK])
1760		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_NETMASK]));
1761	if (sp[RTAX_GATEWAY] && (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY))
1762		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_GATEWAY]));
1763	if (fib >= 0)
1764		(void)printf("        fib: %u\n", (unsigned int)fib);
1765	if (sp[RTAX_IFP])
1766		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1767		    ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_nlen,
1768		    ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_data);
1769	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1770	printb(rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1771
1772#define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1773#define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1774	printf("\n%9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %10s %9s\n", "recvpipe",
1775	    "sendpipe", "ssthresh", "rtt,msec", "mtu   ", "weight", "expire");
1776	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1777	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1778	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1779	printf("%8lu%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1780	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1781	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1782	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire > 0)
1783		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST, &ts);
1784	else
1785		ts.tv_sec = 0;
1786	printf("%8ld%c\n", (long)(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - ts.tv_sec),
1787	    lock(EXPIRE));
1788#undef lock
1789#undef msec
1790#define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1791	if (verbose)
1792		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1793	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1794		(void)printf("sockaddrs: ");
1795		printb(rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1796		putchar('\n');
1797	}
1798#undef	RTA_IGN
1799}
1800
1801static void
1802pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1803{
1804
1805	(void)printf("\nlocks: ");
1806	printb(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1807	(void)printf(" inits: ");
1808	printb(rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1809	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1810		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1811		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1812	else
1813		(void)fflush(stdout);
1814}
1815
1816static void
1817pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1818{
1819	struct sockaddr *sa;
1820	int i;
1821
1822	if (addrs == 0) {
1823		(void)putchar('\n');
1824		return;
1825	}
1826	(void)printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1827	printb(addrs, addrnames);
1828	putchar('\n');
1829	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++)
1830		if (addrs & (1 << i)) {
1831			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1832			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1833				(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1834				break;
1835			}
1836			(void)printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1837			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1838			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1839		}
1840	(void)putchar('\n');
1841	(void)fflush(stdout);
1842}
1843
1844static void
1845printb(int b, const char *str)
1846{
1847	int i;
1848	int gotsome = 0;
1849
1850	if (b == 0)
1851		return;
1852	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1853		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1854			if (gotsome == 0)
1855				i = '<';
1856			else
1857				i = ',';
1858			putchar(i);
1859			gotsome = 1;
1860			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1861				putchar(i);
1862		} else
1863			while (*str > 32)
1864				str++;
1865	}
1866	if (gotsome)
1867		putchar('>');
1868}
1869
1870int
1871keyword(const char *cp)
1872{
1873	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1874
1875	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1876		kt++;
1877	return (kt->kt_i);
1878}
1879
1880static void
1881sodump(struct sockaddr *sa, const char *which)
1882{
1883#ifdef INET6
1884	char nbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
1885#endif
1886
1887	switch (sa->sa_family) {
1888	case AF_LINK:
1889		(void)printf("%s: link %s; ", which,
1890		    link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa));
1891		break;
1892#ifdef INET
1893	case AF_INET:
1894		(void)printf("%s: inet %s; ", which,
1895		    inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr));
1896		break;
1897#endif
1898#ifdef INET6
1899	case AF_INET6:
1900		(void)printf("%s: inet6 %s; ", which, inet_ntop(sa->sa_family,
1901		    &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa)->sin6_addr, nbuf,
1902		    sizeof(nbuf)));
1903		break;
1904#endif
1905	case AF_APPLETALK:
1906		(void)printf("%s: atalk %s; ", which,
1907		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr));
1908		break;
1909	}
1910	(void)fflush(stdout);
1911}
1912
1913/* States*/
1914#define VIRGIN	0
1915#define GOTONE	1
1916#define GOTTWO	2
1917/* Inputs */
1918#define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1919#define	END	(4*1)
1920#define DELIM	(4*2)
1921
1922static void
1923sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t size)
1924{
1925	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1926	char *cplim = cp + size;
1927	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1928
1929	memset(cp, 0, size);
1930	cp++;
1931	do {
1932		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1933			new = *addr - '0';
1934		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1935			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1936		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1937			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1938		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1939			state |= END;
1940		else
1941			state |= DELIM;
1942		addr++;
1943		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1944		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1945			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1946		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1947			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1948		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1949			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1950		default: /* | DELIM */
1951			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1952		case GOTONE | END:
1953		case GOTTWO | END:
1954			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1955		case VIRGIN | END:
1956			break;
1957		}
1958		break;
1959	} while (cp < cplim);
1960	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1961}
1962
1963static int
1964atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1965{
1966	u_int net, node;
1967
1968	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1969	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1970		return(0);
1971	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1972	addr->s_node = node;
1973	return(1);
1974}
1975
1976static char *
1977atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at)
1978{
1979	static char buf[20];
1980
1981	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1982	buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
1983	return(buf);
1984}
1985