article.xml revision 271032
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> 2<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN" 3 "../../../share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [ 4<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent"> 5 %release; 6<!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent"> 7 %sponsor; 8<!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent"> 9 %vendor; 10]> 11<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" 12 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"> 13 14 <info> 15 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title> 16 17 <author> 18 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname> 19 </author> 20 21 <pubdate>$FreeBSD: stable/10/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml 271032 2014-09-03 16:46:27Z gjb $</pubdate> 22 23 <copyright> 24 <year>2000</year> 25 <year>2001</year> 26 <year>2002</year> 27 <year>2003</year> 28 <year>2004</year> 29 <year>2005</year> 30 <year>2006</year> 31 <year>2007</year> 32 <year>2008</year> 33 <year>2009</year> 34 <year>2010</year> 35 <year>2011</year> 36 <year>2012</year> 37 <year>2013</year> 38 <year>2014</year> 39 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation 40 Project</holder> 41 </copyright> 42 43 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks"> 44 &tm-attrib.freebsd; 45 &tm-attrib.ibm; 46 &tm-attrib.ieee; 47 &tm-attrib.intel; 48 &tm-attrib.sparc; 49 &tm-attrib.general; 50 </legalnotice> 51 52 <abstract> 53 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain 54 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the 55 &release.branch; development line. This document lists 56 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last 57 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and 58 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also 59 presented.</para> 60 </abstract> 61 </info> 62 63 <sect1 xml:id="intro"> 64 <title>Introduction</title> 65 66 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os; 67 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or 68 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on 69 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para> 70 71 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to 72 which these release notes apply represents the latest point 73 along the &release.branch; development branch since 74 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, 75 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be 76 found at <uri 77 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para> 78 79 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to 80 which these release notes apply represents a point along the 81 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and 82 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, 83 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be 84 found at <uri 85 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para> 86 87 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os; 88 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be 89 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or 90 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or 91 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the 92 <link 93 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining 94 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link 95 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; 96 Handbook</link>.</para> 97 98 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata 99 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with 100 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the 101 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains 102 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections 103 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os; 104 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para> 105 </sect1> 106 107 <sect1 xml:id="new"> 108 <title>What's New</title> 109 110 <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed 111 features in &os; since &release.prev;.</para> 112 113 <para>Typical release note items document recent security 114 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware 115 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or 116 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to 117 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly 118 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os; 119 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security 120 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural 121 improvements.</para> 122 123 <sect2 xml:id="security"> 124 <title>Security Advisories</title> 125 126 <para> </para> 127 128 </sect2> 129 130 <sect2 xml:id="kernel"> 131 <title>Kernel Changes</title> 132 133 <para revision="260431">A new &man.sysctl.8;, 134 <literal>kern.panic_reboot_wait_time</literal>, has been 135 added, which allows controlling how long the system will wait 136 after &man.panic.9; before rebooting.</para> 137 138 <para revision="262861">The &man.vt.4; driver has been merged 139 from &os;-CURRENT. To enable &man.vt.4;, enter 140 <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal> at the &man.loader.8; 141 prompt during boot, or add <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to 142 &man.loader.conf.5; and reboot the system.</para> 143 144 <para revision="263122">Support for &man.hwpmc.4; has been added 145 for &powerpc; 970 class processors.</para> 146 147 <para revision="263197">Support for ADT7460 and ADT7467 fan 148 controllers found in newer PowerBooks™ and 149 iBooks™ has been added to the &man.iicbus.4; 150 driver.</para> 151 152 <para revision="263256">A panic triggered by removing 153 a &man.urtwn.4; device has been fixed.</para> 154 155 <para revision="263799">A potential deadlock in the &man.usb.4; 156 stack triggered by detaching USB devices that create character 157 devices has been fixed.</para> 158 159 <para revision="263869">Support for &amd; Family 16h sensor 160 devices has been added to &man.amdtemp.4;.</para> 161 162 <para revision="265610">The &man.uslcom.4; driver has been 163 updated to support 26 new devices.</para> 164 165 <para revision="266165">A kernel bug that inhibited proper 166 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal> 167 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo 168 Boost™ enabled has been fixed.</para> 169 170 <para revision="266436">The &man.uart.4; driver has been 171 updated to include support for the &intel; Lynx Point 172 KT <acronym>AMT</acronym> serial port.</para> 173 174 <para revision="266594">The <literal>radeonkms(4)</literal> 175 driver has been updated to include 32-bit &man.ioctl.2; 176 support, allowing 32-bit applications to run on a 64-bit 177 system.</para> 178 179 <para revision="266718">A bug that would prevent 180 a &man.jail.8; from setting the correct IPv4 source address 181 with some operations that required 182 <literal>security.jail.allow_raw_sockets</literal> has been 183 fixed.</para> 184 185 <para revision="266911">The &man.hwpmc.4; driver has been 186 updated to support core events from the Atom™ 187 Silvermont architecture.</para> 188 189 <para revision="268046">The &man.oce.4; driver has been updated 190 with vendor-supplied fixes for big endian support, and 20GB/s 191 and 25GB/s link speeds.</para> 192 193 <para revision="270630">The &os; virtual memory subsystem 194 has been updated to implement <quote>fast path</quote> for 195 the page fault handler.</para> 196 197 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization"> 198 <title>Virtualization Support</title> 199 200 <para revision="259450">Support for µsoft; Hyper-V 201 has been added to &os;/i386 as loadable modules, however 202 not available in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel 203 configuration.</para> 204 205 <para revision="261090">The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor now 206 supports soft power-off functionality via the ACPI S5 207 state.</para> 208 209 <para revision="267399">Support for &os;/i386 guests has been 210 added to &man.bhyve.4;.</para> 211 212 <para revision="267427">Support for virtualized 213 <literal>XSAVE</literal> has been added to &man.bhyve.4;, 214 allowing guest operating systems to use 215 <literal>XSAVE</literal> and 216 <literal>XSAVE</literal>-enabled features, such as 217 <acronym>AVX</acronym>.</para> 218 219 <para revision="268932">The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor now 220 supports booting from a &man.zfs.8; filesystem.</para> 221 222 <para revision="268933">A new driver, &man.virtio_random.4;, 223 has been added, which allows &os; virtual machines to 224 harvest entropy from the hypervisor.</para> 225 226 <para revision="270159">The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor has been 227 synced with the version in &os;-CURRENT.</para> 228 229 <para>A number of enhancements have been added, and several 230 bug fixes, including:</para> 231 232 <itemizedlist> 233 <listitem> 234 <para>Post-mortem debugging has been added when 235 a guest virtual machine exits with an 236 <quote><acronym>EPT</acronym> Misconfiguration</quote> 237 error.</para> 238 </listitem> 239 240 <listitem> 241 <para>The hypervisor &man.virtio.4; <acronym>API</acronym> 242 has been expanded from 32- to 64-bit.</para> 243 </listitem> 244 245 <listitem> 246 <para>Support for identifying capabilities of the virtual 247 <acronym>CPU</acronym> has been added.</para> 248 </listitem> 249 250 <listitem> 251 <para>Support for emulating legacy x86 task 252 switching has been added.</para> 253 </listitem> 254 255 <listitem> 256 <para>Support to list the VT-x features in base kernel 257 &man.dmesg.8; has been added.</para> 258 </listitem> 259 260 <listitem> 261 <para>Support for extended PCI configuration space 262 has been added.</para> 263 </listitem> 264 </itemizedlist> 265 </sect3> 266 267 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-arm"> 268 <title>ARM Support</title> 269 270 <para revision="259355">The <filename>WANDBOARD</filename> 271 kernel configuration file has been added.</para> 272 273 <para revision="265067">Boot devices may now be specified by 274 setting a u-boot environment variable. If a boot device is 275 not specified, the probe mechanism will be used. To specify 276 the boot device, set the 277 <literal>loaderdev=<replaceable>device</replaceable></literal> 278 u-boot environment variable.</para> 279 280 <para revision="266000">The <literal>nexus(4)</literal> driver 281 has been updated to include <quote>Flattened Device 282 Tree</quote> support, replacing the &man.fdtbus.4; driver 283 in most cases.</para> 284 285 <para revision="266105">The &man.gpioiic.4; and 286 &man.gpioled.4; have been merged from &os;-CURRENT.</para> 287 288 <para>Support for hardware floating point was added to the 289 kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files 290 for all platforms that contain the required hardware.</para> 291 292 <para><application>C++</application> exception handling now 293 works with <application>GCC</application>.</para> 294 295 <para>Support for <acronym>SMP</acronym> was added to the 296 kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files 297 for all platforms that contain multi-core CPUs.</para> 298 299 <para>Support was added for:</para> 300 301 <itemizedlist> 302 <listitem> 303 <para>CHROMEBOOK (Samsung Exynos 5250)</para> 304 </listitem> 305 306 <listitem> 307 <para>COLIBRI (Freescale Vybrid)</para> 308 </listitem> 309 310 <listitem> 311 <para>COSMIC (Freescale Vybrid)</para> 312 </listitem> 313 314 <listitem> 315 <para>IMX53-QSB (Freescale i.MX53)</para> 316 </listitem> 317 318 <listitem> 319 <para>QUARTZ (Freescale Vybrid)</para> 320 </listitem> 321 322 <listitem> 323 <para>RADXA (Rockchip rk30xx)</para> 324 </listitem> 325 326 <listitem> 327 <para>WANDBOARD (Freescale i.MX6)</para> 328 </listitem> 329 </itemizedlist> 330 331 <para>An <acronym>I2C</acronym> driver was added for 332 the RaspberryPi.</para> 333 334 <para>Drivers have been added to support <acronym>TI</acronym> 335 platforms, such as BEAGLEBONE and PANDABOARD:</para> 336 337 <itemizedlist> 338 <listitem> 339 <para>PRUSS (Programmable Realtime Unit Subsystem)</para> 340 </listitem> 341 342 <listitem> 343 <para>MBOX (Mailbox hardware)</para> 344 </listitem> 345 346 <listitem> 347 <para>SDHCI (new faster driver for 348 <acronym>MMC</acronym>/<acronym>SD</acronym> 349 storage)</para> 350 </listitem> 351 352 <listitem> 353 <para>PPS (Pulse Per Second input on a 354 <acronym>GPIO</acronym>/timer pin)</para> 355 </listitem> 356 357 <listitem> 358 <para>PWM (Pulse Width Modulation output)</para> 359 </listitem> 360 361 <listitem> 362 <para>ADC (Analog to Digital converter)</para> 363 </listitem> 364 </itemizedlist> 365 </sect3> 366 367 <sect3 xml:id="boot"> 368 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title> 369 370 <para revision="262701">A kernel selection menu has been added 371 to &man.loader.8;. If the <quote>beastie menu</quote> is 372 enabled, the kernel to boot may be selected from the kernel 373 selection menu. Additional kernels may be listed in 374 &man.loader.conf.5; as a comma- or space-separated list. By 375 default, <literal>kernel</literal> and 376 <literal>kernel.old</literal> are listed.</para> 377 </sect3> 378 379 <sect3 xml:id="proc"> 380 <title>Hardware Support</title> 381 382 <para> </para> 383 384 <sect4 xml:id="mm"> 385 <title>Multimedia Support</title> 386 387 <para> </para> 388 389 </sect4> 390 391 <sect4 xml:id="net-if"> 392 <title>Network Interface Support</title> 393 394 <para revision="259453">Support for Ralink RT5370 and 395 RT5372 chipsets has been added to the &man.run.4; 396 driver.</para> 397 398 <para revision="260120">Firmware for the &man.run.4; driver 399 has been updated to version 0.33.</para> 400 401 <para revision="261868">Support for the Ralink RT3593 402 chipset has been added to the &man.run.4; driver.</para> 403 404 <para revision="261972">The &man.nve.4; driver is now 405 deprecated, and the &man.nfe.4; driver should be used 406 instead.</para> 407 408 <para revision="262137">Support for the &man.axge.4; driver 409 has been added. This driver supports the ASIX AX88178A 410 and AX88179 USB ethernet adapters. The AX88178A supports 411 USB 2.0, and the AX88179 supports USB 2.0 and 3.0.</para> 412 413 <para revision="262363">The &man.urndis.4; driver has been 414 imported from OpenBSD.</para> 415 416 <para revision="264866">Support for multiple 417 transmitter/receiver queues has been added to the 418 &man.vmx.4; driver.</para> 419 420 <note> 421 <para>The &os; guest operating system must have 422 <acronym>MSIX</acronym> enabled as a prerequisite for 423 multiple queues.</para> 424 </note> 425 426 <para revision="265345">Support for the ASUS USB-N10 Nano 427 wireless card has been added to the &man.urtwn.4; 428 driver.</para> 429 430 <para revision="266212">Transmission checksum offloading has 431 been disabled for the RTL8168C and RTL8168CP chipsets in 432 the &man.re.4; driver for TCP and UDP frames. This is 433 due to a report of UDP datagrams with IP options 434 generating corrupt frames.</para> 435 436 <para revision="266578">Preliminary support has been added 437 to the &man.urtwn.4; driver for the Realtek RTL8188EUS and 438 RTL8188ETV chipsets.</para> 439 440 <para revision="267694">A bug in the fast receiver buffer 441 recycle path has been fixed in the &man.cxgbe.4; 442 driver.</para> 443 444 <para revision="267849" contrib="vendor" 445 vendor="&chelsio;">The bundled &man.cxgbe.4; firmware for 446 T4 and T5 cards has been updated to version 447 1.11.27.0.</para> 448 449 <para revision="269196">The &man.em.4; driver has been 450 updated to version 7.4.2.</para> 451 452 <para revision="269975">The &man.ixgbe.4; tunables have been 453 renamed to match their &man.sysctl.8; counterparts:</para> 454 455 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> 456 <tgroup cols="2"> 457 <colspec colwidth="1*"/> 458 <colspec colwidth="1*"/> 459 <thead> 460 <row> 461 <entry>Old Name</entry> 462 <entry>New Name</entry> 463 </row> 464 </thead> 465 466 <tbody> 467 <row> 468 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.enable_aim</literal></entry> 469 <entry><literal>hw.ix.enable_aim</literal></entry> 470 </row> 471 472 <row> 473 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.max_interrupt_rate</literal></entry> 474 <entry><literal>hw.ix.max_interrupt_rate</literal></entry> 475 </row> 476 477 <row> 478 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.rx_process_limit</literal></entry> 479 <entry><literal>hw.ix.rx_process_limit</literal></entry> 480 </row> 481 482 <row> 483 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.tx_process_limit</literal></entry> 484 <entry><literal>hw.ix.tx_process_limit</literal></entry> 485 </row> 486 487 <row> 488 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.enable_msix</literal></entry> 489 <entry><literal>hw.ix.enable_msix</literal></entry> 490 </row> 491 492 <row> 493 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.num_queues</literal></entry> 494 <entry><literal>hw.ix.num_queues</literal></entry> 495 </row> 496 497 <row> 498 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.txd</literal></entry> 499 <entry><literal>hw.ix.txd</literal></entry> 500 </row> 501 502 <row> 503 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.rxd</literal></entry> 504 <entry><literal>hw.ix.rxd</literal></entry> 505 </row> 506 507 <row> 508 <entry><literal>hw.ixgbe.unsupported_sfp</literal></entry> 509 <entry><literal>hw.ix.unsupported_sfp</literal></entry> 510 </row> 511 </tbody> 512 </tgroup> 513 </informaltable> 514 515 <para>Be sure to update &man.loader.conf.5; if using the 516 old tunables before upgrading to 517 &os; &release.current;.</para> 518 519 <para revision="270061">The &man.if.nf10bmac.4; driver has 520 been merged from &os;-CURRENT to support the NetFPGA-10G 521 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para> 522 523 <para revision="270297">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been 524 updated to support &man.netmap.4; for the T5 10G/40G 525 cards.</para> 526 527 <para revision="270509">The &man.vtnet.4; driver has been 528 updated to support &man.netmap.4;.</para> 529 530 <para revision="270514">The &man.urtwn.4; driver has been 531 updated to support the ASUS USB-AC51 wireless card.</para> 532 533 <para revision="270631">The &intel; XL710 ethernet 534 controller driver, <literal>ixlv(4)</literal>, has been 535 merged from &os;-CURRENT.</para> 536 </sect4> 537 </sect3> 538 539 <sect3 xml:id="net-proto"> 540 <title>Network Protocols</title> 541 542 <para revision="265946">Support for the UDP-Lite protocol 543 (RFC 3828) has been added to the IPv4 and IPv6 544 stacks.</para> 545 546 <para revision="267771">A bug in &man.sctp.4; that would allow 547 two listening sockets bound to the same port has been 548 fixed.</para> 549 550 <para contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">Kernel RPC code, which 551 is a base of NFS server took multiple optimizations, that 552 significantly improved its performance and 553 <acronym>SMP</acronym> scapability.</para> 554 555 <para revision="269065" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The 556 <acronym>iSCSI</acronym> initiator has been updated to 557 support redirection handling when an 558 <acronym>iSCSI</acronym> device is configured with multiple 559 <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses across different network 560 interfaces. Previously, clients connecting to 561 such <acronym>iSCSI</acronym> devices could require 562 additional client-side configuration.</para> 563 564 <para revision="265523" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new 565 &man.sysctl.8;, 566 <literal>kern.iscsi.fail_on_disconnection</literal>, has 567 been added, which allows <acronym>iSCSI</acronym> clients to 568 remove the attached disk device when the connection to the 569 target is dropped, where previously I/O would stop until the 570 connection is restored.</para> 571 572 <para>New kernel-based iSCSI target and initiator code took 573 many fixes and performance optimizations.</para> 574 </sect3> 575 576 <sect3 xml:id="disks"> 577 <title>Disks and Storage</title> 578 579 <para revision="260385" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The 580 &man.geom.4; subsystem has been updated to support I/O 581 direct dispatch. When safety requirements are met, it 582 allows to avoid passing I/O requests to GEOM 583 <literal>g_up</literal>/<literal>g_down</literal> thread, 584 executing them directly in the caller context. That allows 585 to avoid CPU bottlenecks in 586 <literal>g_up</literal>/<literal>g_down</literal> threads, 587 plus avoid several context switches per I/O.</para> 588 589 <para revision="260385" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The 590 &man.geom.4; RAID driver has been 591 updated to support unmapped I/O.</para> 592 593 <para revision="260387" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The 594 &man.cam.4; subsystem has been updated to support 595 finer-grained locking, direct dispatch and multi-queue. 596 Combined with &man.geom.4; direct dispatch that allows to 597 reduce lock congestion and improve <acronym>SMP</acronym> 598 scalability of the SCSI/ATA stack.</para> 599 600 <para revision="260478">The &man.geom.8; 601 <literal>GEOM_MULTIPATH</literal> class has been updated to 602 support automatic live partition resizing.</para> 603 604 <para revision="260857">The &man.virtio_blk.4; driver has been 605 updated to support unmapped I/O.</para> 606 607 <para revision="260858">The &man.virtio_scsi.4; driver has 608 been updated to support unmapped I/O.</para> 609 610 <para revision="264522">Support for LUN-based CD changers has 611 been removed from the &man.cd.4; driver.</para> 612 613 <para revision="264732">Support for 614 <literal>BIO_DELETE</literal> has been added to &man.zfs.8; 615 <literal>zvol</literal> volumes.</para> 616 617 <para revision="264734">Support for 9th generation HP host bus 618 adapter cards has been added to &man.ciss.4;.</para> 619 620 <para revision="265388" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&lsi;">The 621 &man.mpr.4; device has been added, 622 providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA 623 controllers.</para> 624 625 <para revision="265678">A new <literal>zvol</literal> property 626 <literal>volmode</literal> and &man.sysctl.8; 627 <literal>vfs.zfs.vol.mode</literal> has been added to allow 628 switching <literal>zvol</literal> between three different 629 ways of exposing it to a user: <literal>geom</literal>, 630 <literal>dev</literal> and <literal>none</literal>.</para> 631 632 <para revision="265922" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&lsi;">The 633 &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added, providing support for 634 LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The &man.mfi.4; driver will 635 attach to the controller, by default. To enable 636 &man.mrsas.4; add <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> 637 to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off 638 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para> 639 640 <note> 641 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os; 642 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and 643 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with 644 &man.mrsas.4;.</para> 645 </note> 646 647 <para revision="266608">Fixed accounting of 648 <literal>BIO_FLUSH</literal> operation in &man.geom.8; 649 <literal>GEOM_DISK</literal> class</para> 650 651 <para revision="266610">The &man.gstat.8; utility now has an 652 <literal>-o</literal> option, to display 653 <quote>other</quote> operations, such as 654 <literal>BIO_FLUSH</literal>.</para> 655 656 <para revision="267084">The &man.mfi.4; driver has been 657 updated to include support for unmapped I/O.</para> 658 659 <para revision="267457">The &man.hpt27xx.4; driver has been 660 updated with various vendor-supplied bug fixes.</para> 661 662 <para revision="270130" contrib="sponsor" 663 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for unmapped I/O has been 664 added to the &man.xen.4; <literal>blkfront</literal> 665 driver.</para> 666 667 <para revision="259328" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The 668 &man.geom.8; <literal>label</literal> class is now aware of 669 resized partitions. This corrects an issue where 670 <command>geom resize</command> would resize the partition, 671 but the label provider in <filename 672 class="directory">/dev/gptid/</filename> would not be 673 resized.</para> 674 675 <para revision="260502">The &man.gmirror.8; 676 utility now has a <literal>resize</literal> command, making 677 it easier to resize the size of a mirror when all of its 678 components have been replaced.</para> 679 680 <para revision="262967">Support for MegaRAID Fury cards has 681 been added to the &man.mfi.4; driver.</para> 682 683 <para revision="263024">The &man.aacraid.4; driver has been 684 updated to version 3.2.5.</para> 685 686 <para revision="265536">The <literal>GEOM_VINUM</literal> 687 option is now able to be built both directly into the kernel 688 or as a &man.kldload.8; loadable module.</para> 689 690 <para revision="265912">The &man.geom.8; 691 <literal>GEOM_PART</literal> class has been updated to 692 support automatic partition resizing. Changes to the 693 partition size are not saved to disk until 694 <command>gpart commit</command> is run, and prior to saving, 695 can be reverted with <command>gpart undo</command>.</para> 696 697 <para revision="266220">The &man.geom.uncompress.4; module is 698 built by default which, similar to &man.geom.uzip.4;, 699 provides support for compressed, read-only disk 700 images.</para> 701 702 <para revision="268091">Support for the 703 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been 704 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para> 705 706 <para revision="270552">A new &man.sysctl.8; and 707 &man.loader.8; tunable, 708 <literal>kern.geom.part.mbr.enforce_chs</literal> has been 709 added to the &man.geom.8; <literal>MBR</literal> partition 710 class. When set to a non-zero value, 711 <literal>GEOM_PART_MBR</literal> will automatically 712 recalculate the user-specified offset and size for alignment 713 with the disk geometry.</para> 714 715 <para contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">Many improvements to 716 the CAM Target Layer (CTL):</para> 717 <itemizedlist> 718 <listitem> 719 <para>Support for <literal>UNMAP</literal>, <literal>WRITE 720 SAME</literal>, <literal>COMPARE AND WRITE</literal>, 721 <literal>XCOPY</literal> and some other SCSI commands 722 was added to support VMWare VAAI and Microsoft ODX 723 storage acceleration.</para> 724 </listitem> 725 <listitem> 726 <para revision="265642">The 727 <literal>READ</literal>/<literal>WRITE</literal> size 728 limitations were removed by supporting multiple 729 data moves per command.</para> 730 </listitem> 731 <listitem> 732 <para revision="268556">Finer-grained per-LUN locking and 733 multiple worker threads for better 734 <acronym>SMP</acronym> scapability.</para> 735 </listitem> 736 <listitem> 737 <para revision="269297">Memory consumption reduced by 738 several times by disabling some never used 739 functionality.</para> 740 </listitem> 741 <listitem> 742 <para revision="269298">The maximum number of 743 <acronym>SCSI</acronym> ports increased from 32 to 744 128</para> 745 </listitem> 746 <listitem> 747 <para revision="269429">Improved <literal>zvol</literal> 748 integration for better performance.</para> 749 </listitem> 750 </itemizedlist> 751 </sect3> 752 753 <sect3 xml:id="fs"> 754 <title>File Systems</title> 755 756 <para revision="260338">The 757 <literal>vfs.zfs.zio.use_uma</literal> &man.sysctl.8; has 758 been re-enabled. On multi-CPU machines with enough RAM, 759 this can easily double &man.zfs.8; performance or reduce CPU 760 usage in half. It was originally disabled due to memory and 761 <acronym>KVA</acronym> exhaustion problem reports, which 762 should be resolved due to several change in the VM 763 subsystem.</para> 764 765 <para revision="260178" contrib="vendor" 766 vendor="&netflix;">A new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, 767 has been added to the &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility. When used, 768 &man.fsck.ffs.8; will restart itself when too many critical 769 errors have been detected.</para> 770 771 <para revision="263407">The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been 772 updated to implement <quote>bookmarks</quote>. See 773 &man.zfs.8; for further details.</para> 774 775 <para revision="266122">The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been 776 updated to allow tuning the minimum <quote>ashift</quote> 777 value when creating new top-level virtual devices (vdevs). 778 To set the minimum ashift value, for example when creating 779 a &man.zpool.8; on <quote>Advanced Format</quote> drives, 780 set the <literal>vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift</literal> 781 &man.sysctl.8; accordingly.</para> 782 783 <para revision="266612">The <literal>libzfs</literal> thread 784 pool <acronym>API</acronym> has been imported from 785 OpenSolaris, and adapted for &os;. This change allows 786 parallel disk scanning, which can reduce &man.zpool.8; 787 overall import time in some workloads.</para> 788 789 <para revision="269651">The &man.restore.8; utility has been 790 updated to prevent assertion failures when restoring 791 a <acronym>UFS</acronym> filesystem dump to 792 a <acronym>ZFS</acronym> filesystem by writing restored 793 files in block sizes that are a multiple of 1024.</para> 794 795 <para revision="269774">Two &man.sysctl.8;s have been added 796 to the &man.zfs.8; filesystem:</para> 797 798 <itemizedlist> 799 <listitem> 800 <para> 801 <literal>vfs.zfs.mg_fragmentation_threshold</literal>: The 802 percentage of the metaslab group size that should be 803 considered eligible for allocation, unless all metaslab 804 groups within the metaslab class have also crossed this 805 threshold.</para> 806 </listitem> 807 808 <listitem> 809 <para> 810 <literal>vfs.zfs.metaslab.fragmentation_threshold</literal>: The 811 maximum percentage of metaslab fragmentation level to 812 keep their active state</para> 813 </listitem> 814 </itemizedlist> 815 816 <para revision="269846">The default &man.zfs.8; 817 <acronym>ARC</acronym> hash table size has been increased, 818 and a new &man.loader.8; tunable, 819 <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize</literal>, has been 820 added. Previously, the hash table could be too small, which 821 would lead to long hash chains and limit performance for 822 cached reads. The 823 <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize</literal> tunable 824 allows overriding the default block size. The previous 825 default was 65536, and default of the new &man.loader.8; 826 tunable is 8192.</para> 827 828 <para revision="270157">The Fast File System 829 (<acronym>FFS</acronym>) has been updated to support 830 multi-threaded soft updates. Previously, soft updates were 831 handled by a single thread, and as of this change, now have 832 one thread per <acronym>FFS</acronym> mountpoint.</para> 833 </sect3> 834 </sect2> 835 836 <sect2 xml:id="userland"> 837 <title>Userland Changes</title> 838 839 <para revision="260177" contrib="sponsor" 840 sponsor="&netflix;">A new flag is added to &man.camcontrol.8;, 841 <literal>-b</literal>, which outputs the existing buses and 842 their parents.</para> 843 844 <para revision="262075">The &man.newsyslog.8; utility has been 845 updated to rotate files based on the actual file size instead 846 of the blocks on disk. This matches the behavior documented 847 in &man.newsyslog.conf.5;.</para> 848 849 <para revision="262384">The location of the &man.rctl.8; 850 configuration file can now be overridden in &man.rc.conf.5;. 851 To use a non-default location, set 852 <literal>rctl_rules</literal> in &man.rc.conf.5; to the 853 location of the file.</para> 854 855 <para revision="262855">The <application>ATF</application> test 856 suite has been updated to version 0.20.</para> 857 858 <para revision="263019">The <literal>libucl</literal> library 859 (Unified Configuration Library) has been merged from 860 &os;-CURRENT.</para> 861 862 <para revision="263020">The &man.pkg.7; bootstrapping utility 863 has been synced with the version in &os;-CURRENT.</para> 864 865 <para revision="263403">The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has 866 been updated to include aliases for 867 <command>snapshot</command>, which allows use of <command>zfs 868 list -t snap</command> and <command>zfs 869 snap</command>.</para> 870 871 <para revision="263405">The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has 872 been updated to include a new flag to <command>zfs 873 list</command>, <literal>-p</literal>, which when specified, 874 prints the output in a parsable format.</para> 875 876 <para revision="263783">The Blowfish password format 877 implementation updated. Support for $2b$ has 878 been added, allowing use of passwords greater than 256 879 characters long.</para> 880 881 <para revision="264497">The &man.iconv.3; library has been 882 updated to match NetBSD, providing several bug fixes.</para> 883 884 <para revision="265265">The &man.date.1; utility has been 885 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, which 886 prints the date and time output as specified in RFC 887 2822.</para> 888 889 <para revision="265533">The &man.bc.1; utility has been updated 890 to version 1.1, in sync with the version in OpenBSD.</para> 891 892 <para revision="265604" contrib="vendor" 893 vendor="&netflix;">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been 894 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-a</literal>, which 895 when specified, produces a full stack track on the sampled 896 points.</para> 897 898 <para revision="265701">The &man.netstat.8; and &man.route.8; 899 utilities have been updated to include a shorthand equivalent 900 to the <literal>-f inet</literal> and <literal>-f 901 inet6</literal> address specifiers, <literal>-4</literal> 902 and <literal>-6</literal>, respectively.</para> 903 904 <para revision="265879">The &man.crypt.3; library now defaults 905 to SHA512 for password hashing.</para> 906 907 <para revision="266014">The &man.gvinum.8; utility has been 908 updated to allow forceful configuration reset with the 909 <literal>-f</literal> flag. Additionally, a bug that would 910 prevent <literal>-f</literal> from properly creating 911 a &man.gvinum.8; configuration has been fixed.</para> 912 913 <para revision="266029">The &man.login.conf.5; file now takes 914 precedence over the shell-specific environment files. In 915 particular, the <literal>PATH</literal>, 916 <literal>BLOCKSIZE</literal> variables are commented from 917 <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename>, and the 918 <literal>path</literal>, <literal>BLOCKSIZE</literal>, and 919 <literal>umask</literal> variables have been commented from 920 <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc</filename>.</para> 921 922 <para revision="266272">The &man.binmiscctl.8; userland utility 923 and related image activator features have been merged from 924 &os;-CURRENT.</para> 925 926 <para revision="266279">The &man.ps.1; utility has been 927 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to 928 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names. 929 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to 930 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the 931 host system.</para> 932 933 <para revision="266280">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated 934 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the 935 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para> 936 937 <para revision="266610">The &man.gstat.8; utility has been 938 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-o</literal>. When 939 set, &man.gstat.8; will display statistics for operations 940 such as <literal>BIO_FLUSH</literal>.</para> 941 942 <para revision="266632">The &man.fetch.3; library has been 943 updated to look for root <acronym>SSL</acronym> certificates 944 in <filename class="directory">/usr/local/etc/ssl/</filename> 945 before <filename 946 class="directory">/etc/ssl/</filename>.</para> 947 948 <para revision="266715">The &man.clang.1;/llvm suite has been 949 updated to version 3.4.1.</para> 950 951 <para revision="266816">The Blowfish password format 952 has been changed to $2b$ by default.</para> 953 954 <para revision="266888">The amount of data collected for 955 &man.hwpmc.4; has been updated to work with modern processors 956 and larger amounts of available memory.</para> 957 958 <para revision="266890">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been 959 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which 960 ends event collection after the specified number of 961 seconds.</para> 962 963 <para revision="266953">The &man.mergemaster.8; utility has 964 been updated to avoid printing 965 <quote><filename>/var/tmp/temproot</filename> 966 disappeared</quote> if there is nothing to compare.</para> 967 968 <para revision="267056">The &os; installer, &man.bsdinstall.8;, 969 has been updated to include optional 970 &man.geli.8;-encrypted or &man.gmirror.8;-mirrored swap 971 devices when installing onto a full &man.zfs.8; filesystem. 972 Additionally, the parent &man.zfs.8; dataset is now configured 973 with <literal>lz4</literal> compression enabled.</para> 974 975 <para revision="267113">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now 976 includes files in the 977 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and 978 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> 979 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para> 980 981 <para revision="267161">The &man.realpath.1; utility has been 982 updated to return <literal>ENOTDIR</literal> on paths 983 components <quote>.</quote> and <quote>..</quote> that are 984 not directories, such as <filename 985 class="directory">/dev/null/.</filename> or <filename 986 class="directory">/dev/null/..</filename>.</para> 987 988 <para revision="267236">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote> 989 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows 990 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the 991 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent 992 to <literal>off</literal>.</para> 993 994 <para revision="267341">Support for legacy 995 <acronym>PCI</acronym> devices has been removed from 996 &man.bhyve.8;.</para> 997 998 <para revision="267450">The &man.bhyve.8; userland utility 999 has been updated to include SMBIOS support. A new flag has 1000 been added, <literal>-U</literal>, which allows specifying the 1001 UUID of the guest in the System Information structure.</para> 1002 1003 <para revision="267734">The &os; Project has migrated 1004 from the <application>GNATS</application> bug tracking system 1005 to <application>Bugzilla</application>. The &man.send-pr.1; 1006 utility used for submitting problem reports has been replaced 1007 with a stub shell script that instructs to use the Bugzilla 1008 web interface.</para> 1009 1010 <para revision="267747">The &man.patch.1; utility has been 1011 updated to include a <literal>--dry-run</literal> flag, which 1012 is equivalent to <literal>--check</literal> and 1013 <literal>-C</literal>.</para> 1014 1015 <para revision="267878">A bug in &man.bsdgrep.1; that would 1016 prevent patterns from being matched under certain conditions 1017 has been fixed.</para> 1018 1019 <para revision="267979">The &man.procstat.1; utility has been 1020 updated to include two new flags, <literal>-r</literal> and 1021 <literal>-H</literal>. When <literal>-r</literal> is 1022 specified, &man.procstat.1; will print current resource usage 1023 about the process(es). When <literal>-H</literal> is 1024 specified, &man.procstat.1; will print information about 1025 threads rather than the process(es).</para> 1026 1027 <note> 1028 <para>The <literal>-H</literal> flag is currently only used 1029 with <literal>-r</literal> to display resource usage for 1030 individual threads, rather than the entire process.</para> 1031 </note> 1032 1033 <para revision="268019">The &man.sed.1; utility has been 1034 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-u</literal>, which 1035 enables unbuffered output when specified.</para> 1036 1037 <para revision="268161">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been 1038 merged from &os;-CURRENT.</para> 1039 1040 <para revision="268700" contrib="sponsor" 1041 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.camcontrol.8; has been 1042 updated to include a new <literal>persist</literal> command, 1043 which allows issuing <command>SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE 1044 IN</command> and <command>SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE 1045 OUT</command>.</para> 1046 1047 <para revision="268791">The &man.gstat.8; utility has been 1048 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-p</literal>, which 1049 displays only physical providers when specified.</para> 1050 1051 <para revision="268903">The &man.kldstat.8; utility has been 1052 updated to allow <literal>-q</literal> to be specified when 1053 also specifying <literal>-n 1054 <replaceable>module.ko</replaceable></literal>.</para> 1055 1056 <para revision="269177">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been 1057 updated to include support for both fixed- and 1058 dynamically-allocated images for the <acronym>VHD</acronym> 1059 and <acronym>VMDK</acronym> formats.</para> 1060 1061 <para revision="269220">The &man.random.4; entropy collection 1062 script, <filename>/usr/libexec/save-entropy</filename>, no 1063 longer runs within &man.jail.8; environments.</para> 1064 1065 <para revision="269397">The &man.bhyve.8; wrapper script, 1066 <filename>/usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh</filename>, 1067 has been synced with &os;-CURRENT.</para> 1068 1069 <para>This update includes:</para> 1070 1071 <itemizedlist> 1072 <listitem> 1073 <para>A new flag, <literal>-e</literal>, has been added, 1074 which is used to set &man.loader.8; environment 1075 variables.</para> 1076 </listitem> 1077 1078 <listitem> 1079 <para>A new flag, <literal>-C</literal>, has been added, 1080 which is used to specify the guest console device.</para> 1081 </listitem> 1082 1083 <listitem> 1084 <para>A new flag, <literal>-H</literal>, has been added, 1085 which is used to pass the host path to 1086 &man.bhyveload.8;.</para> 1087 </listitem> 1088 1089 <listitem> 1090 <para>Support for multiple disk and &man.tap.4; devices 1091 has been added.</para> 1092 </listitem> 1093 1094 <listitem> 1095 <para>The <literal>-I</literal> flag has been 1096 removed.</para> 1097 </listitem> 1098 </itemizedlist> 1099 1100 <para revision="269398">The &man.nfsd.8; server update to 4.1, 1101 adding support for RFC5661, has merged from 1102 &os;-CURRENT.</para> 1103 1104 <para revision="269432" arch="ia64">The serial terminals 1105 <filename>ttyu0</filename> and <filename>ttyu1</filename> have 1106 been updated to <literal>onifconsole</literal> by default in 1107 &man.ttys.5;, which either can be the serial console, 1108 depending on the platform.</para> 1109 1110 <para revision="269800">The &man.ping6.8; utility has been 1111 updated to reset <literal>itimer</literal> when the maximum 1112 number of packets to send have been reached. This prevents 1113 &man.ping6.8; from exiting when the interval in set to a small 1114 value and a low number of packets to send has been 1115 specified.</para> 1116 1117 <para revision="269805">The &man.jail.8; utility has been 1118 updated to support extra &man.ifconfig.8; arguments for the 1119 <literal>ip4.addr</literal> and <literal>ip6.addr</literal> 1120 parameters. This change allows &man.carp.4; interfaces to 1121 be used within the &man.jail.8;.</para> 1122 1123 <para revision="269946">Support for generating and compiling 1124 <acronym>USDT</acronym> <application>DTrace</application> 1125 probes has been improved. <application>DTrace</application> 1126 <acronym>USDT</acronym> files are now handled similar to 1127 &man.lex.1; and &man.yacc.1; files, meaning support for 1128 handling <application>D</application> files as part of the 1129 build process is built into the <literal>SRCS</literal> 1130 &man.make.1; environment variable.</para> 1131 1132 <para revision="269968">The &man.iscsictl.8; utility has been 1133 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-M</literal>, which 1134 allows modifying the <acronym>iSCSI</acronym> session 1135 parameters without requiring the session to be removed and 1136 added back.</para> 1137 1138 <para revision="270043">The &man.mount.nfs.8; utility has been 1139 updated to support specifying the NFS version as 1140 a <literal>key=<replaceable>value</replaceable></literal> pair 1141 argument to the <literal>-o</literal> flag. For example, to 1142 specify NFS version 4, the syntax to use is 1143 <literal>-o vers=4</literal>.</para> 1144 1145 <para revision="270242" contrib="sponsor" 1146 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.devd.8; client socket type 1147 has been changed to <literal>SOCK_SEQPACKET</literal>, 1148 providing sequential packet support.</para> 1149 1150 <para revision="270401">Support for the <quote>account</quote> 1151 facility has been added to the &man.pam.group.8; 1152 module.</para> 1153 1154 <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts"> 1155 <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title> 1156 1157 <para revision="264438">The <filename>network.subr</filename> 1158 &man.rc.8; script has been updated to loosen the requirement 1159 of listing network aliases in numeric order. Previously, 1160 a network alias of 1161 <literal>_alias<replaceable>2</replaceable></literal> 1162 would not be created if 1163 <literal>_alias<replaceable>1</replaceable></literal> was 1164 not defined.</para> 1165 1166 <para revision="268098">The &man.service.8; utility has been 1167 updated to check that the &man.rc.d.8; directory exists 1168 before traversing the directory.</para> 1169 </sect3> 1170 </sect2> 1171 1172 <sect2 xml:id="contrib"> 1173 <title>Contributed Software</title> 1174 1175 <para revision="263285">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated 1176 to a post-5.0.5 snapshot.</para> 1177 1178 <para revision="264377"><application>OpenSSH</application> has 1179 been updated to version 6.6p1.</para> 1180 1181 <para revision="264911">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated 1182 to match the version in OpenBSD 5.5.</para> 1183 1184 <para revision="266692"><application>Sendmail</application> 1185 has been updated to 8.14.9.</para> 1186 1187 <para revision="268515">The &man.file.1; utility and 1188 &man.libmagic.3; library have been updated to 5.19.</para> 1189 1190 <para revision="268899">The &man.byacc.1; parser has been 1191 updated to version 20140422.</para> 1192 1193 <para revision="269024" contrib="sponsor" 1194 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The &man.lldb.1; debugging library has 1195 been updated to the r202189 snapshot.</para> 1196 1197 <para revision="269257">The &man.unbound.8; caching resolver and 1198 <literal>ldns</literal> have been updated to version 1199 1.4.22.</para> 1200 1201 <para revision="269686"><application>OpenSSL</application> has 1202 been updated to version 1.0.1i.</para> 1203 1204 <para revision="269847">The <quote>lite</quote> version of 1205 <application>Subversion</application> included in the 1206 &os; base system and its dependencies have been 1207 updated:</para> 1208 1209 <itemizedlist> 1210 <listitem> 1211 <para><application>apr</application> has been 1212 updated to version 1.5.1.</para> 1213 </listitem> 1214 1215 <listitem> 1216 <para><application>apr-util</application> has been 1217 updated to version 1.5.3.</para> 1218 </listitem> 1219 1220 <listitem> 1221 <para><application>serf</application> has been 1222 updated to version 1.3.7.</para> 1223 </listitem> 1224 1225 <listitem> 1226 <para><application>svnlite</application> has been 1227 updated to version 1.8.10.</para> 1228 </listitem> 1229 </itemizedlist> 1230 1231 <para revision="270026">The &man.nvi.1; editor has been 1232 update to version 2.1.2-c80f493b038.</para> 1233 1234 <para revision="270031">The &man.fparseln.3; library has 1235 been updated to version 1.7.</para> 1236 1237 <para revision="270415">The <application>lukemftpd</application> 1238 <acronym>FTP</acronym> server has been removed from the 1239 &os; base system.</para> 1240 1241 <para revision="270817">The timezone database has been updated 1242 to version tzdata2014f.</para> 1243 </sect2> 1244 1245 <sect2 xml:id="ports"> 1246 <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title> 1247 1248 <para> </para> 1249 1250 </sect2> 1251 1252 <sect2 xml:id="releng"> 1253 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title> 1254 1255 <para revision="263028">The &man.services.mkdb.8; utility has 1256 been updated to include endianness awareness, allowing the 1257 <filename>services.db</filename> database to be created as 1258 part of the release build, regardless of native- or 1259 cross-built releases.</para> 1260 </sect2> 1261 1262 <sect2 xml:id="doc"> 1263 <title>Documentation</title> 1264 1265 <para> </para> 1266 1267 </sect2> 1268 </sect1> 1269 1270 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade"> 1271 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title> 1272 1273 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions 1274 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported 1275 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade 1276 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as 1277 unmodified <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel distributed as 1278 a part of an official &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; 1279 utility requires that the host being upgraded have Internet 1280 connectivity.</para> 1281 1282 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os; 1283 base system from source code) from previous versions are 1284 supported, according to the instructions in 1285 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para> 1286 1287 <important> 1288 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after 1289 backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration 1290 files.</para> 1291 </important> 1292 </sect1> 1293</article> 1294