en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml

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<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">

  <info>
    <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>

    <author>
      <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
    </author>

    <pubdate>$FreeBSD: stable/10/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml 270562 2014-08-25 13:15:35Z gjb $</pubdate>

    <copyright>
      <year>2000</year>
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      <year>2011</year>
      <year>2012</year>
      <year>2013</year>
      <year>2014</year>
      <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
	Project</holder>
    </copyright>

    <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
      &tm-attrib.freebsd;
      &tm-attrib.ibm;
      &tm-attrib.ieee;
      &tm-attrib.intel;
      &tm-attrib.sparc;
      &tm-attrib.general;
    </legalnotice>

    <abstract>
      <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
	a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
	&release.branch; development line.  This document lists
	applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
	release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
	userland.  Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
	presented.</para>
    </abstract>
  </info>

  <sect1 xml:id="intro">
    <title>Introduction</title>

    <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
      &release.current;.  It describes recently added, changed, or
      deleted features of &os;.  It also provides some notes on
      upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>

    <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
      which these release notes apply represents the latest point
      along the &release.branch; development branch since
      &release.branch; was created.  Information regarding pre-built,
      binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
      found at <uri
	xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>

    <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
      which these release notes apply represents a point along the
      &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
      the future &release.next;.  Information regarding pre-built,
      binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
      found at <uri
	xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>

    <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
      &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution.  It can be
      found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
      any of its mirrors.  More information on obtaining this (or
      other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
      <link
	xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
	  &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
	xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
	Handbook</link>.</para>

    <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
      before installing &os;.  The errata document is updated with
      <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
      release cycle or after the release.  Typically, it contains
      information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
      to documentation.  An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
      &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 xml:id="new">
    <title>What's New</title>

    <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
      features in &os; since &release.prev;.</para>

    <para>Typical release note items document recent security
      advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
      support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
      contributed software upgrades.  They may also list changes to
      major ports/packages or release engineering practices.  Clearly
      the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
      between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
      advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
      improvements.</para>

    <sect2 xml:id="security">
      <title>Security Advisories</title>

      <para>&nbsp;</para>

    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="kernel">
      <title>Kernel Changes</title>

      <para revision="260338">The
	<literal>vfs.zfs.zio.use_uma</literal> &man.sysctl.8; has been
	re-enabled.  On multi-CPU machines with enough RAM, this can
	easily double &man.zfs.8; performance or reduce CPU usage in
	half.  It was originally disabled due to memory and
	<acronym>KVA</acronym> exhaustion problem reports, which
	should be resolved due to several change in the VM
	subsystem.</para>

      <para revision="260385" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
	&man.geom.4; RAID driver has been
	updated to support unmapped I/O.</para>

      <para revision="260431">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
	<literal>kern.panic_reboot_wait_time</literal>, has been
	added, which allows controlling how long the system will wait
	after &man.panic.9; before rebooting.</para>

      <para revision="260857">The &man.virtio_blk.4; driver has been
	updated to support unmapped I/O.</para>

      <para revision="260858">The &man.virtio_scsi.4; driver has been
	updated to support unmapped I/O.</para>

      <para revision="262861">The &man.vt.4; driver has been merged
	from &os;-CURRENT.  To enable &man.vt.4;, enter
	<literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal> at the &man.loader.8;
	prompt during boot, or add <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to
	&man.loader.conf.5; and reboot the system.</para>

      <para revision="262967">Support for MegaRAID Fury cards has been
	added to the &man.mfi.4; driver.</para>

      <para revision="263024">The &man.aacraid.4; driver has been
	updated to version 3.2.5.</para>

      <para revision="263122">Support for &man.hwpmc.4; has been added
	for &powerpc;&nbsp;970 class processors.</para>

      <para revision="263197">Support for ADT7460 and ADT7467 fan
	controllers found in newer PowerBooks&trade; and
	iBooks&trade; has been added to the &man.iicbus.4;
	driver.</para>

      <para revision="263256">A panic triggered by removing
	a &man.urtwn.4; device has been fixed.</para>

      <para revision="263799">A potential deadlock in the &man.usb.4;
	stack triggered by detaching USB devices that create character
	devices has been fixed.</para>

      <para revision="263869">Support for &amd;&nbsp;Family 16h sensor
	devices has been added to &man.amdtemp.4;.</para>

      <para revision="264522">Support for LUN-based CD changers has
	been removed from the &man.cd.4; driver.</para>

      <para revision="264734">Support for 9th generation HP host bus
	adapter cards has been added to &man.ciss.4;.</para>

      <para revision="265388" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&lsi;">The
	&man.mpr.4; device has been added,
	providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA
	controllers.</para>

      <para revision="265536">The <literal>GEOM_VINUM</literal> option
	is now able to be built both directly into the kernel or as
	a &man.kldload.8; loadable module.</para>

      <para revision="265610">The &man.uslcom.4; driver has been
	updated to support 26 new devices.</para>

      <para revision="265922" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&lsi;">The
	&man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
	providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers.  The
	&man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
	To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
	<literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
	<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
	&man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>

      <note>
	<para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and
	  the &os; version of
	  <application>MegaCLI</application> and
	  <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
	  &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
      </note>

      <para revision="266165">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
	functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
	&man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
	Boost&trade; enabled has been fixed.</para>

      <para revision="266220">The &man.geom.uncompress.4; module is
	built by default which, similar to &man.geom.uzip.4;,
	provides support for compressed, read-only disk
	images.</para>

      <para revision="266436">The &man.uart.4; driver has been
	updated to include support for the &intel;&nbsp;Lynx Point
	KT <acronym>AMT</acronym> serial port.</para>

      <para revision="266718">A bug that would prevent
	a &man.jail.8; from setting the correct IPv4 source address
	with some operations that required
	<literal>security.jail.allow_raw_sockets</literal> has been
	fixed.</para>

      <para revision="266911">The &man.hwpmc.4; driver has been
	updated to support core events from the Atom&trade;
	Silvermont architecture.</para>

      <para revision="267084">The &man.mfi.4; driver has been
	updated to include support for unmapped I/O.</para>

      <sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization">
	<title>Virtualization Support</title>

	<para revision="259450">Support for &microsoft; Hyper-V
	  has been added to &os;/i386 as loadable modules, however
	  not available in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
	  configuration.</para>

	<para revision="261090">The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor now
	  supports soft power-off functionality via the ACPI S5
	  state.</para>

	<para revision="267399">Support for &os;/i386 guests has been
	  added to &man.bhyve.4;.</para>

	<para revision="267427">Support for virtualized
	  <literal>XSAVE</literal> has been added to &man.bhyve.4;,
	  allowing guest operating systems to use
	  <literal>XSAVE</literal> and
	  <literal>XSAVE</literal>-enabled features, such as
	  <acronym>AVX</acronym>.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="kernel-arm">
	<title>ARM Support</title>

	<para revision="259355">The <filename>WANDBOARD</filename>
	  kernel configuration file has been added.</para>

	<para revision="265067">Boot devices may now be specified by
	  setting a u-boot environment variable.  If a boot device is
	  not specified, the probe mechanism will be used.  To specify
	  the boot device, set the
	  <literal>loaderdev=<replaceable>device</replaceable></literal>
	  u-boot environment variable.</para>

	<para revision="266000">The <literal>nexus(4)</literal> driver
	  has been updated to include <quote>Flattened Device
	    Tree</quote> support, replacing the &man.fdtbus.4; driver
	  in most cases.</para>

	<para revision="266105">The &man.gpioiic.4; and
	  &man.gpioled.4; have been merged from &os;-CURRENT.</para>

	<para revision="266379">The <literal>ZEDBOARD</literal> kernel
	  configuration file has been updated to include
	  <acronym>SMP</acronym> support.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="boot">
	<title>Boot Loader Changes</title>

	<para revision="262701">A kernel selection menu has been added
	  to &man.loader.8;.  If the <quote>beastie menu</quote> is
	  enabled, the kernel to boot may be selected from the kernel
	  selection menu.  Additional kernels may be listed in
	  &man.loader.conf.5; as a comma- or space-separated list.  By
	  default, <literal>kernel</literal> and
	  <literal>kernel.old</literal> are listed.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="proc">
	<title>Hardware Support</title>

	<para>&nbsp;</para>

	<sect4 xml:id="mm">
	  <title>Multimedia Support</title>

	  <para>&nbsp;</para>

	</sect4>

	<sect4 xml:id="net-if">
	  <title>Network Interface Support</title>

	  <para revision="259453">Support for Ralink RT5370 and
	    RT5372 chipsets has been added to the &man.run.4;
	    driver.</para>

	  <para revision="260120">Firmware for the &man.run.4; driver
	    has been updated to version 0.33.</para>

	  <para revision="261868">Support for the Ralink RT3593
	    chipset has been added to the &man.run.4; driver.</para>

	  <para revision="261972">The &man.nve.4; driver is now
	    deprecated, and the &man.nfe.4; driver should be used
	    instead.</para>

	  <para revision="262137">Support for the &man.axge.4; driver
	    has been added.  This driver supports the ASIX AX88178A
	    and AX88179 USB ethernet adapters.  The AX88178A supports
	    USB 2.0, and the AX88179 supports USB 2.0 and 3.0.</para>

	  <para revision="262363">The &man.urndis.4; driver has been
	    imported from OpenBSD.</para>

	  <para revision="264866">Support for multiple
	    transmitter/receiver queues has been added to the
	    &man.vmx.4; driver.</para>

	  <note>
	    <para>The &os;&nbsp;guest operating system must have
	      <acronym>MSIX</acronym> enabled as a prerequisite for
	      multiple queues.</para>
	  </note>

	  <para revision="265345">Support for the ASUS USB-N10 Nano
	    wireless card has been added to the &man.urtwn.4;
	    driver.</para>

	  <para revision="266212">Transmission checksum offloading has
	    been disabled for the RTL8168C and RTL8168CP chipsets in
	    the &man.re.4; driver for TCP and UDP frames.  This is
	    due to a report of UDP datagrams with IP options
	    generating corrupt frames.</para>

	  <para revision="266578">Preliminary support has been added
	    to the &man.urtwn.4; driver for the Realtek RTL8188EUS and
	    RTL8188ETV chipsets.</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="net-proto">
	<title>Network Protocols</title>

	<para revision="265946">Support for the UDP-Lite protocol
	  (RFC 3828) has been added to the IPv4 and IPv6
	  stacks.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="disks">
	<title>Disks and Storage</title>

	<para revision="259328" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
	  &man.geom.8; <literal>label</literal> class is now aware of
	  resized partitions.  This corrects an issue where
	  <command>geom resize</command> would resize the partition,
	  but the label provider in <filename
	    class="directory">/dev/gptid/</filename> would not be
	  resized.</para>

	<para revision="260502">The &man.gmirror.8;
	  utility now has a <literal>resize</literal> command, making
	  it easier to resize the size of a mirror when all of its
	  components have been replaced.</para>

	<para revision="265912">The &man.geom.8;
	  <literal>GEOM_PART</literal> class has been updated to
	  support automatic partition resizing.  Changes to the
	  partition size are not saved to disk until
	  <command>gpart commit</command> is run, and prior to saving,
	  can be reverted with <command>gpart undo</command>.</para>

	<para revision="268091">Support for the
	  <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
	  added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>

	<para revision="266594">The <literal>radeonkms(4)</literal>
	  driver has been updated to include 32-bit &man.ioctl.2;
	  support, allowing 32-bit applications to run on a 64-bit
	  system.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 xml:id="fs">
	<title>File Systems</title>

	<para revision="260178" contrib="vendor"
	  vendor="&netflix;">A new flag, <literal>-R</literal>,
	  has been added to the &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility.  When used,
	  &man.fsck.ffs.8; will restart itself when too many critical
	  errors have been detected.</para>

	<para revision="263407">The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been
	  updated to implement <quote>bookmarks</quote>.  See
	  &man.zfs.8; for further details.</para>

	<para revision="266122">The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been
	  updated to allow tuning the minimum <quote>ashift</quote>
	  value when creating new top-level virtual devices (vdevs).
	  To set the minimum ashift value, for example when creating
	  a &man.zpool.8; on <quote>Advanced Format</quote> drives,
	  set the <literal>vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift</literal>
	  &man.sysctl.8; accordingly.</para>

	<para revision="266612">The <literal>libzfs</literal> thread
	  pool <acronym>API</acronym> has been imported from
	  OpenSolaris, and adapted for &os;.  This change allows
	  parallel disk scanning, which can reduce &man.zpool.8;
	  overall import time in some workloads.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="userland">
      <title>Userland Changes</title>

      <para revision="260177" contrib="sponsor"
	sponsor="&netflix;">A new flag is added to &man.camcontrol.8;,
	<literal>-b</literal>, which outputs the existing buses and
	their parents.</para>

      <para revision="262075">The &man.newsyslog.8; utility has been
	updated to rotate files based on the actual file size instead
	of the blocks on disk.  This matches the behavior documented
	in &man.newsyslog.conf.5;.</para>

      <para revision="262384">The location of the &man.rctl.8;
	configuration file can now be overridden in &man.rc.conf.5;.
	To use a non-default location, set
	<literal>rctl_rules</literal> in &man.rc.conf.5; to the
	location of the file.</para>

      <para revision="262855">The <application>ATF</application> test
	suite has been updated to version 0.20.</para>

      <para revision="263019">The <literal>libucl</literal> library
	(Unified Configuration Library) has been merged from
	&os;-CURRENT.</para>

      <para revision="263020">The &man.pkg.7; bootstrapping utility
	has been synced with the version in &os;-CURRENT.</para>

      <para revision="263403">The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has
	been updated to include aliases for
	<command>snapshot</command>, which allows use of <command>zfs
	  list -t snap</command> and <command>zfs
	  snap</command>.</para>

      <para revision="263405">The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has
	been updated to include a new flag to <command>zfs
	  list</command>, <literal>-p</literal>, which when specified,
	prints the output in a parsable format.</para>

      <para revision="263783">The Blowfish password format
	implementation updated.  Support for &dollar;2b&dollar; has
	been added, allowing use of passwords greater than 256
	characters long.</para>

      <para revision="264497">The &man.iconv.3; library has been
	updated to match NetBSD, providing several bug fixes.</para>

      <para revision="265265">The &man.date.1; utility has been
	updated to include a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, which
	prints the date and time output as specified in RFC
	2822.</para>

      <para revision="265533">The &man.bc.1; utility has been updated
	to version 1.1, in sync with the version in OpenBSD.</para>

      <para revision="265604" contrib="vendor"
	vendor="&netflix;">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
	updated to include a new flag, <literal>-a</literal>, which
	when specified, produces a full stack track on the sampled
	points.</para>

      <para revision="265701">The &man.netstat.8; and &man.route.8;
	utilities have been updated to include a shorthand equivalent
	to the <literal>-f inet</literal> and <literal>-f
	  inet6</literal> address specifiers, <literal>-4</literal>
	and <literal>-6</literal>, respectively.</para>

      <para revision="265879">The &man.crypt.3; library now defaults
	to SHA512 for password hashing.</para>

      <para revision="266014">The &man.gvinum.8; utility has been
	updated to allow forceful configuration reset with the
	<literal>-f</literal> flag.  Additionally, a bug that would
	prevent <literal>-f</literal> from properly creating
	a &man.gvinum.8; configuration has been fixed.</para>

      <para revision="266029">The &man.login.conf.5; file now takes
	precedence over the shell-specific environment files.  In
	particular, the <literal>PATH</literal>,
	<literal>BLOCKSIZE</literal> variables are commented from
	<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename>, and the
	<literal>path</literal>, <literal>BLOCKSIZE</literal>, and
	<literal>umask</literal> variables have been commented from
	<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc</filename>.</para>

      <para revision="266272">The &man.binmiscctl.8; userland utility
	and related image activator features have been merged from
	&os;-CURRENT.</para>

      <para revision="266279">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
	updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
	filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
	Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
	<literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
	host system.</para>

      <para revision="266280">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
	to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
	&man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>

      <para revision="266610">The &man.gstat.8; utility has been
	updated to include a new flag, <literal>-o</literal>.  When
	set, &man.gstat.8; will display statistics for operations
	such as <literal>BIO_FLUSH</literal>.</para>

      <para revision="266632">The &man.fetch.3; library has been
	updated to look for root <acronym>SSL</acronym> certificates
	in <filename class="directory">/usr/local/etc/ssl/</filename>
	before <filename
	  class="directory">/etc/ssl/</filename>.</para>

      <para revision="266715">The &man.clang.1;/llvm suite has been
	updated to version 3.4.1.</para>

      <para revision="266816">The Blowfish password format
	has been changed to &dollar;2b&dollar; by default.</para>

      <para revision="266888">The amount of data collected for
	&man.hwpmc.4; has been updated to work with modern processors
	and larger amounts of available memory.</para>

      <para revision="266890">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
	updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
	ends event collection after the specified number of
	seconds.</para>

      <para revision="266953">The &man.mergemaster.8; utility has
	been updated to avoid printing
	<quote><filename>/var/tmp/temproot</filename>
	  disappeared</quote> if there is nothing to compare.</para>

      <para revision="267056">The &os; installer, &man.bsdinstall.8;,
	has been updated to include optional
	&man.geli.8;-encrypted or &man.gmirror.8;-mirrored swap
	devices when installing onto a full &man.zfs.8; filesystem.
	Additionally, the parent &man.zfs.8; dataset is now configured
	with <literal>lz4</literal> compression enabled.</para>

      <para revision="267113">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
	includes files in the
	<filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
	<filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
	directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>

      <para revision="267161">The &man.realpath.1; utility has been
	updated to return <literal>ENOTDIR</literal> on paths
	components <quote>.</quote> and <quote>..</quote> that are
	not directories, such as <filename
	  class="directory">/dev/null/.</filename> or <filename
	  class="directory">/dev/null/..</filename>.</para>

      <para revision="267236">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
	has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.  This allows
	the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
	device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
	to <literal>off</literal>.</para>

      <para revision="267341">Support for legacy
	<acronym>PCI</acronym> devices has been removed from
	&man.bhyve.8;.</para>

      <para revision="268161">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
	merged from &os;-CURRENT.</para>

      <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts">
	<title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>

	<para revision="264438">The <filename>network.subr</filename>
	  &man.rc.8; script has been updated to loosen the requirement
	  of listing network aliases in numeric order.  Previously,
	  a network alias of
	  <literal>_alias<replaceable>2</replaceable></literal>
	  would not be created if
	  <literal>_alias<replaceable>1</replaceable></literal> was
	  not defined.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="contrib">
      <title>Contributed Software</title>

      <para revision="263285">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
	to a post-5.0.5 snapshot.</para>

      <para revision="263369" contrib="sponsor"
	sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The &man.lldb.1; debugging library has
	been updated to the r196322 snapshot.</para>

      <para revision="264377"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
	been updated to version 6.6p1.</para>

      <para revision="264911">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
	to match the version in OpenBSD 5.5.</para>

      <para revision="265983">The timezone database has been updated
	to version tzdata2014c.</para>

      <para revision="266692"><application>Sendmail</application>
	has been updated to 8.14.9.</para>

      <para revision="267258"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
	been updated to version 1.0.1h.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="ports">
      <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>

      <para>&nbsp;</para>

    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="releng">
      <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>

      <para revision="263028">The &man.services.mkdb.8; utility has
	been updated to include endianness awareness, allowing the
	<filename>services.db</filename> database to be created as
	part of the release build, regardless of native- or
	cross-built releases.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 xml:id="doc">
      <title>Documentation</title>

      <para>&nbsp;</para>

    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
    <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>

    <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
      (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
      using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility.  The binary upgrade
      procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
      unmodified GENERIC or SMP kernels distributed as a part of an
      official &os; release.  The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility
      requires that the host being upgraded have Internet
      connectivity.</para>

    <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
      base system from source code) from previous versions are
      supported, according to the instructions in
      <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>

    <important>
      <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after
	backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
	files.</para>
    </important>
  </sect1>
</article>