article.xml revision 259494
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> 2<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN" 3 "../../../share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [ 4<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent"> 5 %release; 6]> 7<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"> 8<info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title> 9 10 11 <author><orgname>The &os; Project</orgname></author> 12 13 <pubdate>$FreeBSD: stable/10/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml 259494 2013-12-17 04:26:20Z rodrigc $</pubdate> 14 15 <copyright> 16 <year>2000</year> 17 <year>2001</year> 18 <year>2002</year> 19 <year>2003</year> 20 <year>2004</year> 21 <year>2005</year> 22 <year>2006</year> 23 <year>2007</year> 24 <year>2008</year> 25 <year>2009</year> 26 <year>2010</year> 27 <year>2011</year> 28 <year>2012</year> 29 <year>2013</year> 30 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation Project</holder> 31 </copyright> 32 33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks"> 34 &tm-attrib.freebsd; 35 &tm-attrib.ibm; 36 &tm-attrib.ieee; 37 &tm-attrib.intel; 38 &tm-attrib.sparc; 39 &tm-attrib.general; 40 </legalnotice> 41 42 <abstract> 43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary 44 of the changes made to the &os; base system on the 45 &release.branch; development line. 46 This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since 47 the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os; 48 kernel and userland. 49 Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para> 50 </abstract> 51</info> 52 53<sect1 xml:id="intro"> 54 <title>Introduction</title> 55 56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os; 57 &release.current;. It 58 describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;. 59 It also provides some notes on upgrading 60 from previous versions of &os;.</para> 61 62 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes 63 apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development 64 branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary 65 &release.type; distributions along this branch 66 can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para> 67 68 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes 69 apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development 70 branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;. 71 Information regarding 72 pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch 73 can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para> 74 75 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a 76 &release.type; distribution. It can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or any of its mirrors. More 77 information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type; 78 distributions of &os; can be found in the <link xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining 79 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; 80 Handbook</link>.</para> 81 82 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before 83 installing &os;. The errata document is updated with 84 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the 85 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains 86 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to 87 documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os; 88 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para> 89 90</sect1> 91 92<sect1 xml:id="new"> 93 <title>What's New</title> 94 95 <para>This section describes 96 the most user-visible new or changed features in &os; 97 since &release.prev;. 98 In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch; 99 branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features. 100 </para> 101 102 <para>Typical release note items 103 document recent security advisories issued after 104 &release.prev;, 105 new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options, 106 major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also 107 list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering 108 practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single 109 change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses 110 primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major 111 architectural improvements.</para> 112 113 <sect2 xml:id="security"> 114 <title>Security Advisories</title> 115 116 <para/> 117 118 </sect2> 119 120 <sect2 xml:id="kernel"> 121 <title>Kernel Changes</title> 122 123 <para arch="amd64">The maximum amount of memory the &os; kernel 124 can address has been increased from 1TB to 4TB.</para> 125 126 <para>A new &man.cpuset.2; API has been added 127 for thread to CPU binding and CPU resource grouping and 128 assignment. The &man.cpuset.1; userland utility has been added 129 to allow manipulation of processor sets.</para> 130 131 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an output capture 132 facility. Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can now be captured 133 to a memory buffer for later inspection using &man.sysctl.8; or 134 a textdump. The new <command>capture</command> command controls 135 this feature.</para> 136 137 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple scripting 138 facility, which supports a set of named scripts consisting of a 139 set of &man.ddb.4; commands. These commands can be managed from 140 within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new &man.ddb.8; 141 utility. More details can be found in the &man.ddb.4; manual 142 page.</para> 143 144 <para role="merged">The kernel now supports a new textdump format of kernel 145 dumps. A textdump provides higher-level information via 146 mechanically generated/extracted debugging output, rather than a 147 simple memory dump. This facility can be used to generate brief 148 kernel bug reports that are rich in debugging information, but 149 are not dependent on kernel symbol tables or precisely 150 synchronized source code. More information can be found in the 151 &man.textdump.4; manual page.</para> 152 153 <para>Kernel support for M:N threading has been removed. While 154 the KSE (Kernel Scheduled Entities) project was quite successful 155 in bringing threading to FreeBSD, the M:N approach taken by the 156 KSE library was never developed to its full potential. 157 Backwards compatibility for applications using KSE threading 158 will be provided via &man.libmap.conf.5; for dynamically linked 159 binaries. The &os; Project greatly appreciates the work of 160 &a.julian;, &a.deischen;, and &a.davidxu; on KSE support.</para> 161 162 <para>The &os; kernel now exports information about certain kernel 163 features via the <varname>kern.features</varname> sysctl tree. 164 The &man.feature.present.3; library call provides a convenient 165 interface for user applications to test the presence of 166 features.</para> 167 168 <para arch="amd64">The &os; kernel now has support for large 169 memory page mappings (<quote>superpages</quote>).</para> 170 171 <para arch="amd64,i386,ia64,powerpc" role="merged">The ULE 172 scheduler is now the default process scheduler 173 in <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernels.</para> 174 175 <sect3 xml:id="boot"> 176 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title> 177 178 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the boot 179 loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real 180 mode. This change makes it possible to boot &os; from USB 181 devices.</para> 182 183 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new gptboot boot loader has 184 been added to support booting from a GPT labeled disk. A 185 new <command>boot</command> command has been added to 186 &man.gpt.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the 187 required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot 188 partition if required.</para> 189 190 </sect3> 191 192 <sect3 xml:id="proc"> 193 <title>Hardware Support</title> 194 195 <para role="merged">The &man.cmx.4; driver, a driver for Omnikey CardMan 4040 196 PCMCIA smartcard readers, has been added.</para> 197 198 <para>The &man.syscons.4; driver now supports Colemak keyboard layout.</para> 199 200 <para role="merged">The &man.uslcom.4; driver, a driver for Silicon 201 Laboratories CP2101/CP2102-based USB serial adapters, has been 202 imported from OpenBSD.</para> 203 204 <sect4 xml:id="mm"> 205 <title>Multimedia Support</title> 206 207 <para>Support for version 2.0 of the USB Audio reference design 208 has been added. New devices should support higher bandwidth, 209 increased sampling frequency and wider dynamic range.</para> 210 211 </sect4> 212 213 <sect4 xml:id="net-if"> 214 <title>Network Interface Support</title> 215 216 <para>The &man.ale.4; driver has been added to provide support 217 for Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Gigabit/Fast Ethernet controllers.</para> 218 219 <para>The &man.em.4; driver has been split into two drivers 220 with some common parts. The &man.em.4; driver will continue 221 to support adapters up to the 82575, as well as new 222 client/desktop adapters. A new &man.igb.4; driver 223 will support new server adapters.</para> 224 225 <para>The &man.jme.4; driver has been added to provide support 226 for PCIe network adapters based on JMicron JMC250 Gigabit 227 Ethernet and JMC260 Fast Ethernet controllers.</para> 228 229 <para>The &man.malo.4; driver has been added to provide 230 support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335 based PCI network 231 adapters.</para> 232 233 <para>The firmware for the &man.mxge.4; driver has been 234 updated from 1.4.25 to 1.4.29.</para> 235 236 <para>The &man.sf.4; driver has been overhauled to improve its 237 performance and to add support for checksum offloading. It 238 should also work on all architectures.</para> 239 240 <para>The &man.re.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a 241 number of issues. This driver now has Wake On LAN (WOL) 242 support.</para> 243 244 <para>The &man.vr.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a 245 number of outstanding issues. It also now works on all 246 architectures.</para> 247 248 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver has 249 been updated to include a number of stability fixes.</para> 250 251 <para>The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been updated to support 252 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para> 253 254 <para>The iw_cxgbe driver has been added. This is an experimental iWARP/RDMA driver 255 (kernel verbs only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para> 256 257 <para>The Open Fabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core has been 258 updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version 3.7</para> 259 260 <para>The Mellanox Infiniband driver has been updated to firmware 261 version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3 NICs. Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where 262 each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40 GB/s. Support has been added 263 for dynamically loading kernel modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and 264 IP over Infiniband (ipoib).</para> 265 266 </sect4> 267 </sect3> 268 269 <sect3 xml:id="net-proto"> 270 <title>Network Protocols</title> 271 272 <para>&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make addresses 273 more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such as 274 quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant 275 address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with 276 ifconfig, better locking and using modern kernel 277 interfaces to allocate multicast memberships.</para> 278 279 <para>The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports fine-grain locking 280 and better utilization on multi-cpu machines resulting in 281 significant improvements in performance.</para> 282 283 <para>Support for up to 65536 routing tables has been 284 introduced.</para> 285 286 <para>Support for setting/matching differentiated services 287 codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has been added to 288 &man.ipfw.8;.</para> 289 290 </sect3> 291 292 <sect3 xml:id="disks"> 293 <title>Disks and Storage</title> 294 295 <para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes larger than 296 2TB in size.</para> 297 298 <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a spindown command for 299 disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests 300 have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down 301 until the next request. The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now 302 supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure 303 this feature.</para> 304 305 <para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to version 1.2 306 from Highpoint.</para> 307 308 </sect3> 309 310 <sect3 xml:id="fs"> 311 <title>File Systems</title> 312 313 <para>A new kernel-based iSCSI target and initiator has been 314 added</para> 315 316 <para>UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with &man.growfs.8; while 317 mounted read-write. This is especially useful for virtual 318 machines, allowing the addition of more harddrive space without 319 interruption of service.</para> 320 321 <para>A state of the art FUSE implementation is now part of the 322 base system. It allows the use of nearly all fusefs file 323 systems</para> 324 325 <para>Support for the high performance LZ4 compression algorithm 326 has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually faster and can achieve a 327 higher compression ratio than LZJB, the default compression 328 algorithm</para> 329 330 <para>Support for L2ARC compression has been added to ZFS.</para> 331 332 <para>ZFS will now compare the checksums of incoming writes to 333 the checksum of the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing any 334 write I/O for data that has not changed. This will reduce I/O 335 as well as space usage because if the old block is referenced 336 by a snapshot, both copies of the block are kept even though 337 both contain the same data.</para> 338 339 </sect3> 340 341 </sect2> 342 343 <sect2 xml:id="userland"> 344 <title>Userland Changes</title> 345 346 <para role="merged">BIND has been replaced by &man.unbound.8; for 347 local dns resolution in the base system. With this change, nslookup 348 and dig are no longer a part of the base system. Users should 349 instead use &man.host.1; and &man.drill.1; Alternatively, 350 nslookup and dig can be obtained by installing the 351 dns/bind-tools port.</para> 352 353 <para role="merged">The &man.adduser.8; utility now supports 354 a <option>-M</option> option to set the mode of a new user's 355 home directory.</para> 356 357 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.ar.1; and &man.ranlib.1;, 358 based on <filename>libarchive</filename>, have replaced the GNU 359 Binutils versions of these utilities.</para> 360 361 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.bc.1; and &man.dc.1; have 362 replaced their GNU counterparts.</para> 363 364 <para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports a <option>-v</option> flag for 365 verbose output and a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors 366 with the same semantics as (for example) 367 &man.chmod.1;.</para> 368 369 <para>For compatibility with other implementations, &man.cp.1; now 370 supports a <option>-a</option> flag, which is equivalent to 371 specifying the <option>-RrP</option> flags.</para> 372 373 <para>BSD-licensed version of &man.cpio.1; based on 374 <filename>libarchive</filename>, has replaced the GNU cpio. 375 Note that the GNU cpio is still installed as 376 <filename>gcpio</filename>.</para> 377 378 <para>The &man.env.1; program now supports <option>-u 379 <replaceable>name</replaceable></option> 380 which will completely unset the given variable 381 <replaceable>name</replaceable> by removing it from the environment, 382 instead of just setting it to a null value.</para> 383 384 <para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been added.</para> 385 386 <para role="merged">The &man.fetch.3; library now support HTTP 1.1 387 If-Modified-Since behavior. The &man.fetch.1; program now 388 supports <option>-i <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option> 389 which will only download the specified HTTP URL if the content 390 is newer than <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.</para> 391 392 <para>&man.find.1; has been enhanced by the addition of a number 393 of primaries that were present in GNU find but not &os; 394 &man.find.1;.</para> 395 396 <para>&man.kgdb.1; now supports a new <command>add-kld</command> 397 command to make it easier to debug crash dumps with kernel 398 modules.</para> 399 400 <para>The &man.ls.1; program now supports a <option>-D</option> 401 option to specify a date format string to be used with the long 402 format (<option>-l</option>) output.</para> 403 404 <para>&man.nc.1; now supports a <option>-O</option> switch to 405 disable the use of TCP options.</para> 406 407 <para>&man.nc.1;'s <option>-o</option> switch has been deprecated. 408 It will be removed in a future release.</para> 409 410 <para>The &man.ping6.8; utility now returns <literal>2</literal> 411 when the packet transmission was successful but no responses 412 were received (this is the same behavior as &man.ping.8;). 413 It returned a non-zero value before this change.</para> 414 415 <para>The &man.procstat.1; utility has been added to display 416 detailed information about processes.</para> 417 418 <para role="merged">The &man.realpath.1; utility now supports 419 a <option>-q</option> flag to suppress warnings; it now also 420 accepts multiple paths on its command line.</para> 421 422 <para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will now 423 refuse to parse some invalid scripts. Additionally, it now 424 has filename completion and defaults to the "emacs" editing 425 mode.</para> 426 427 <para>The &man.split.1; utility now supports a <option>-n</option> 428 flag to split a file into a certain number of chunks.</para> 429 430 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-Z</option> 431 flag to enable &man.compress.1;-style 432 compression/decompression.</para> 433 434 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a 435 <option>--numeric-owner</option> flag to ignore user/group names 436 on create and extract.</para> 437 438 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports an 439 <option>-S</option> flag to sparsify files on extraction.</para> 440 441 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-s</option> 442 flag to substitute filenames based on the specified regular 443 expression.</para> 444 445 <para>The &man.tcgetsid.3; library function has been added to 446 return the process group ID for the session leader for the 447 controlling terminal. It is defined in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 448 (POSIX).</para> 449 450 <para>&man.top.1; now supports a <option>-P</option> flag to 451 provide per-CPU usage statistics.</para> 452 453 <para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64 bit architectures. 454 </para> 455 456 <para>&man.traceroute.8; now has the ability to print the AS 457 number for each hop with the new <option>-a</option> switch; a 458 new <option>-A</option> option allows selecting a particular 459 WHOIS server.</para> 460 461 <para>&man.traceroute6.8; now supports a <option>-U</option> flag 462 to send probe packets with no upper-layer protocol, rather than 463 the usual UDP probe packets.</para> 464 465 <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts"> 466 <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title> 467 468 <para/> 469 470 </sect3> 471 </sect2> 472 473 <sect2 xml:id="contrib"> 474 <title>Contributed Software</title> 475 476 <para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been updated from 6.0.10 477 to 6.1.5.</para> 478 479 <para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been updated from 1 May 480 2007 release to the 23 October 2007 release.</para> 481 482 <para role="merged"><application>bzip2</application> has been updated from 1.0.4 483 to 1.0.5.</para> 484 485 <para><application>CVS</application> has been removed from the 486 base system, but is still available from ports</para> 487 488 <para><application>FILE</application> has been updated from 4.23 489 to 5.03.</para> 490 491 <para><application>hostapd</application> has been 492 updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para> 493 494 <para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated from 495 4.1.23 to 4.1.28.</para> 496 497 <para><application>less</application> has been updated from 498 v408 to v429.</para> 499 500 <para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated from 501 5.6-20061217 to 5.6-20080503.</para> 502 503 <para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated 504 from 4.5p1 to 5.1p1.</para> 505 506 <para role="merged"><application>OpenPAM</application> has been updated from the 507 Figwort release to the Hydrangea release.</para> 508 509 <para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from 510 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para> 511 512 <para role="merged">The timezone database has been updated from 513 the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to 514 the <application>tzdata2009m</application> release.</para> 515 516 <para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8; 517 have been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application> 518 release to the <application>tzcode2009h</application> release. 519 If you have upgraded from source or via the &man.freebsd-update.8;, 520 then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to install a new /etc/localtime. 521 </para> 522 523 <para><application>WPA Supplicant</application> has been 524 updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para> 525 526 <para role="merged"><application>xz</application> has been updated 527 from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.</para> 528 529 </sect2> 530 531 <sect2 xml:id="ports"> 532 <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title> 533 534 <para>The &man.pkg.create.1; utility now supports 535 <option>-n</option>. When this option is specified and a 536 package tarball exists, it will not be overwritten. This is 537 useful when multiple packages are saved with several consecutive 538 runs of &man.pkg.create.1; with the <option>-Rb</option> 539 options.</para> 540 541 <para>The pkg_sign and pkg_check utilities for cryptographically 542 signing &os; packages have been removed. They were only useful 543 for packages compressed using &man.gzip.1;; however 544 &man.bzip2.1; compression has been the norm for some time 545 now.</para> 546 547 </sect2> 548 549 <sect2 xml:id="releng"> 550 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title> 551 552 <para role="merged">The supported version of 553 the <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment 554 (<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been 555 updated from 2.20.1 to 2.22.</para> 556 557 </sect2> 558 559 <sect2 xml:id="doc"> 560 <title>Documentation</title> 561 562 <para/> 563 564 </sect2> 565</sect1> 566 567<sect1 xml:id="upgrade"> 568 <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title> 569 570 <para arch="amd64,i386">Beginning with &os; 6.2-RELEASE, 571 binary upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the 572 various security branches) are supported using the 573 &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade procedure will 574 update unmodified userland utilities, as well as unmodified GENERIC or 575 SMP kernels distributed as a part of an official &os; release. 576 The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the host being 577 upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para> 578 579 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os; 580 base system from source code) from previous versions are 581 supported, according to the instructions in 582 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para> 583 584 <important> 585 <para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after 586 backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration 587 files.</para> 588 </important> 589</sect1> 590</article> 591