rc.initdiskless revision 161824
1#!/bin/sh
2#
3# Copyright (c) 1999  Matt Dillon
4# All rights reserved.
5#
6# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8# are met:
9# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13#    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14#
15# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18# ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25# SUCH DAMAGE.
26#
27# $FreeBSD: head/etc/rc.initdiskless 161824 2006-09-01 16:33:15Z brooks $
28
29# On entry to this script the entire system consists of a read-only root
30# mounted via NFS. The kernel has run BOOTP and configured an interface
31# (otherwise it would not have been able to mount the NFS root!)
32#
33# We use the contents of /conf to create and populate memory filesystems
34# that are mounted on top of this root to implement the writable
35# (and host-specific) parts of the root filesystem, and other volatile
36# filesystems.
37#
38# The hierarchy in /conf has the form /conf/T/M/ where M are directories
39# for which memory filesystems will be created and filled,
40# and T is one of the "template" directories below:
41#
42#  base		universal base, typically a replica of the original root;
43#  default	secondary universal base, typically overriding some
44#		of the files in the original root;
45#  ${ipba}	where ${ipba} is the assigned broadcast IP address
46#  bcast/${ipba} same as above
47#  ${class}	where ${class} is a list of directories supplied by
48#		bootp/dhcp through the T134 option.
49#		${ipba} and ${class} are typicall used to configure features
50#		for group of diskless clients, or even individual features;
51#  ${ip}	where ${ip} is the machine's assigned IP address, typically
52#		used to set host-specific features;
53#  ip/${ip}	same as above
54#
55# Template directories are scanned in the order they are listed above,
56# with each sucessive directory overriding (merged into) the previous one;
57# non-existing directories are ignored.  The subdirectory forms exist to
58# help keep the top level /conf managable in large installations.
59#
60# The existence of a directory /conf/T/M causes this script to create a
61# memory filesystem mounted as /M on the client.
62#
63# Some files in /conf have special meaning, namely:
64#
65# Filename	Action
66# ----------------------------------------------------------------
67# /conf/T/M/remount
68#		The contents of the file is a mount command. E.g. if
69# 		/conf/1.2.3.4/foo/remount contains "mount -o ro /dev/ad0s3",
70#		then /dev/ad0s3 will be be mounted on /conf/1.2.3.4/foo/
71#
72# /conf/T/M/diskless_remount
73#		The contents of the file points to an NFS filesystem. E.g. if
74#		/conf/base/etc/diskless_remount contains "foo.com:/etc",
75#		then foo.com:/etc will be be mounted on /conf/base/etc/
76#		If the file contains a pathname starting with "/", then
77#		the root path is prepended to it; this allows relocation of
78#		the root filesystem without changing configuration files.
79#		Because mount_nfs understands ".." in paths, it is
80#		possible to mount from locations above the NFS root with
81#		paths such as "/../../etc".
82#
83# /conf/T/M/md_size
84#		The contents of the file specifies the size of the memory
85#		filesystem to be created, in 512 byte blocks.
86#		The default size is 10240 blocks (5MB). E.g. if
87#		/conf/base/etc/md_size contains "30000" then a 15MB MFS
88#		will be created. In case of multiple entries for the same
89#		directory M, the last one in the scanning order is used.
90#		NOTE: If you only need to create a memory filesystem but not
91#		initialize it from a template, it is preferrable to specify
92#		it in fstab e.g. as  "md /tmp mfs -s=30m,rw 0 0"
93#
94# /conf/T/SUBDIR.cpio.gz
95#		The file is cpio'd into /SUBDIR (and a memory filesystem is
96#		created for /SUBDIR if necessary). The presence of this file
97#		prevents the copy from /conf/T/SUBDIR/
98#
99# /conf/T/SUBDIR.remove
100#		The list of paths contained in the file are rm -rf'd
101#		relative to /SUBDIR.
102#
103# /conf/diskless_remount
104#		Similar to /conf/T/M/diskless_remount above, but allows
105#		all of /conf to be remounted.  This can be used to allow
106#		multiple roots to share the same /conf.
107#		
108#
109# You will almost universally want to create the following files under /conf
110#
111# File					Content
112# ----------------------------		----------------------------------
113# /conf/base/etc/md_size		size of /etc filesystem
114# /conf/base/etc/diskless_remount	"/etc"
115# /conf/default/etc/rc.conf		generic diskless config parameters
116# /conf/default/etc/fstab		generic diskless fstab e.g. like this
117#
118#	foo:/root_part			/	nfs	ro		0 0
119#	foo:/usr_part			/usr	nfs     ro		0 0
120#	foo:/home_part			/home   nfs     rw      	0 0
121#	md				/tmp	mfs     -s=30m,rw	0 0
122#	md				/var	mfs	-s=30m,rw	0 0
123#	proc				/proc	procfs	rw		0 0
124#
125# plus, possibly, overrides for password files etc.
126#
127# NOTE!  /var, /tmp, and /dev will be typically created elsewhere, e.g.
128# as entries in the fstab as above.
129# Those filesystems should not be specified in /conf.
130#
131# (end of documentation, now get to the real code)
132
133dlv=`/sbin/sysctl -n vfs.nfs.diskless_valid 2> /dev/null`
134
135# chkerr:
136#
137# Routine to check for error
138#
139#	checks error code and drops into shell on failure.
140#	if shell exits, terminates script as well as /etc/rc.
141#
142chkerr() {
143    case $1 in
144    0)
145	;;
146    *)
147	echo "$2 failed: dropping into /bin/sh"
148	/bin/sh
149	# RESUME
150	;;
151    esac
152}
153
154# Create a generic memory disk
155#
156mount_md() {
157    /sbin/mdmfs -S -i 4096 -s $1 -M md $2
158}
159
160# Create the memory filesystem if it has not already been created
161#
162create_md() {
163    if [ "x`eval echo \\$md_created_$1`" = "x" ]; then
164	if [ "x`eval echo \\$md_size_$1`" = "x" ]; then
165	    md_size=10240
166	else
167	    md_size=`eval echo \\$md_size_$1`
168	fi
169	mount_md $md_size /$1
170	/bin/chmod 755 /$1
171	eval md_created_$1=created
172    fi
173}
174
175# DEBUGGING
176#
177# set -v
178
179# Figure out our interface and IP.
180#
181bootp_ifc=""
182bootp_ipa=""
183bootp_ipbca=""
184class=""
185if [ ${dlv:=0} -ne 0 ] ; then
186	iflist=`ifconfig -l`
187	for i in ${iflist} ; do
188	    set -- `ifconfig ${i}`
189	    while [ $# -ge 1 ] ; do
190		if [ "${bootp_ifc}" = "" -a "$1" = "inet" ] ; then
191		    bootp_ifc=${i} ; bootp_ipa=${2} ; shift
192		fi
193		if [ "${bootp_ipbca}" = "" -a "$1" = "broadcast" ] ; then
194		    bootp_ipbca=$2; shift
195		fi
196		shift
197	    done
198	    if [ "${bootp_ifc}" != "" ] ; then
199		break
200	    fi
201	done
202	# Get the values passed with the T134 bootp cookie.
203	class="`/sbin/sysctl -qn kern.bootp_cookie`"
204
205	echo "Interface ${bootp_ifc} IP-Address ${bootp_ipa} Broadcast ${bootp_ipbca} ${class}"
206fi
207
208# Figure out our NFS root path
209#
210set -- `mount -t nfs`
211while [ $# -ge 1 ] ; do
212    if [ "$2" = "on" -a "$3" = "/" ]; then
213	nfsroot="$1"
214	break
215    fi
216    shift
217done
218
219# The list of directories with template files
220templates="base default"
221if [ -n "${bootp_ipbca}" ]; then
222	templates="${templates} ${bootp_ipbca} bcast/${bootp_ipbca}"
223fi
224if [ -n "${class}" ]; then
225	templates="${templates} ${class}"
226fi
227if [ -n "${bootp_ipa}" ]; then
228	templates="${templates} ${bootp_ipa} ip/${bootp_ipa}"
229fi
230
231# The list of filesystems to umount after the copy
232to_umount=""
233
234# If /conf/diskless_remount exists, remount all of /conf.
235if [ -d /conf -a -f /conf/diskless_remount ]; then
236    nfspt=`/bin/cat /conf/diskless_remount`
237    if [ `expr "$nfspt" : '\(.\)'` = "/" ]; then
238	nfspt="${nfsroot}${nfspt}"
239    fi
240    mount_nfs $nfspt /conf
241    chkerr $? "mount_nfs $nfspt /conf"
242    to_umount="/conf"
243fi
244
245# Resolve templates in /conf/base, /conf/default, /conf/${bootp_ipbca},
246# and /conf/${bootp_ipa}.  For each subdirectory found within these
247# directories:
248#
249# - calculate memory filesystem sizes.  If the subdirectory (prior to
250#   NFS remounting) contains the file 'md_size', the contents specified
251#   in 512 byte sectors will be used to size the memory filesystem.  Otherwise
252#   8192 sectors (4MB) is used.
253#
254# - handle NFS remounts.  If the subdirectory contains the file
255#   diskless_remount, the contents of the file is NFS mounted over
256#   the directory.  For example /conf/base/etc/diskless_remount
257#   might contain 'myserver:/etc'.  NFS remounts allow you to avoid
258#   having to dup your system directories in /conf.  Your server must
259#   be sure to export those filesystems -alldirs, however.
260#   If the diskless_remount file contains a string beginning with a
261#   '/' it is assumed that the local nfsroot should be prepended to
262#   it before attemping to the remount.  This allows the root to be
263#   relocated without needing to change the remount files.
264#
265for i in ${templates} ; do
266    for j in /conf/$i/* ; do
267	# memory filesystem size specification
268	#
269	subdir=${j##*/}
270	if [ -d $j -a -f $j/md_size ]; then
271	    eval md_size_$subdir=`cat $j/md_size`
272	fi
273
274	# remount
275	#
276	if [ -d $j -a -f $j/remount ]; then
277	    nfspt=`/bin/cat $j/remount`
278	    $nfspt $j
279	    chkerr $? "$nfspt $j"
280	    to_umount="$j ${to_umount}" # XXX hope it is really a mount!
281	fi
282
283	# NFS remount
284	#
285	if [ -d $j -a -f $j/diskless_remount ]; then
286	    nfspt=`/bin/cat $j/diskless_remount`
287	    if [ `expr "$nfspt" : '\(.\)'` = "/" ]; then
288		nfspt="${nfsroot}${nfspt}"
289	    fi
290	    mount_nfs $nfspt $j
291	    chkerr $? "mount_nfs $nfspt $j"
292	    to_umount="$j ${to_umount}"
293	fi
294    done
295done
296
297# - Create all required MFS filesystems and populate them from
298#   our templates.  Support both a direct template and a dir.cpio.gz
299#   archive.  Support dir.remove files containing a list of relative
300#   paths to remove.
301#
302# The dir.cpio.gz form is there to make the copy process more efficient,
303# so if the cpio archive is present, it prevents the files from dir/
304# from being copied.
305
306for i in ${templates} ; do
307    for j in /conf/$i/* ; do
308	subdir=${j##*/}
309	if [ -d $j -a ! -f $j.cpio.gz  ]; then
310	    create_md $subdir
311	    cp -Rp $j/ /$subdir
312	fi
313    done
314    for j in /conf/$i/*.cpio.gz ; do
315	subdir=${j%*.cpio.gz}
316	subdir=${subdir##*/}
317	if [ -f $j ]; then
318	    create_md $subdir
319	    echo "Loading /$subdir from cpio archive $j"
320	    (cd / ; /rescue/tar -xpf $j)
321	fi
322    done
323    for j in /conf/$i/*.remove ; do
324	subdir=${j%*.remove}
325	subdir=${subdir##*/}
326	if [ -f $j ]; then
327	    # doubly sure it is a memory disk before rm -rf'ing
328	    create_md $subdir
329	    (cd /$subdir; rm -rf `/bin/cat $j`)
330	fi
331    done
332done
333
334# umount partitions used to fill the memory filesystems
335[ -n "${to_umount}" ] && umount $to_umount
336