africa revision 267477
1# <pre> 2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 4 5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 10# 11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14# 15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 19# of the IATA's data after 1990. 20# 21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 23# 24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 26# I found in the UCLA library. 27# 28# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 29# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 30# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 31# 32# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 33# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 34# 35# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 36# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 37# but Mark R V Murray reports that 38# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 39# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 40# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 41# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 42# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 43# 44# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 45# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 46# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 47# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 48# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 49# 50# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 51# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 52# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 53# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 54# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 55# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 56# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 57# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 58# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 59# until we get more information. 60# 61# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 62# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 63# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 64# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 65# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 66# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 67# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 68# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 69 70# Algeria 71# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 72Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 74Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 76Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 78Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 79Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 80Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 82Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 86Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 87Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 88Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 89Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 90Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 91Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 92Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 93Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 94# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 95# more precise 0:09:21. 96# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 97Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 98 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 99 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 100 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 101 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 102 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 103 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 104 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 105 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 106 1:00 - CET 107 108# Angola 109# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 110Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 111 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 112 1:00 - WAT 113 114# Benin 115# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 116# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 117# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 118Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 119 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 120 1:00 - WAT 121 122# Botswana 123# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 124# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; 125# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. 126# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 127Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 128 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 129 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 130 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 131 2:00 - CAT 132 133# Burkina Faso 134# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 135Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 136 0:00 - GMT 137 138# Burundi 139# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 140Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 141 2:00 - CAT 142 143# Cameroon 144# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 145# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 146Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 147 1:00 - WAT 148 149# Cape Verde 150# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 151Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 152 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 153 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 154 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 155 -1:00 - CVT 156 157# Central African Republic 158# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 159Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 160 1:00 - WAT 161 162# Chad 163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 164Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 165 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 166 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 167 1:00 - WAT 168 169# Comoros 170# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 171Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 172 3:00 - EAT 173 174# Democratic Republic of Congo 175# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 176Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 177 1:00 - WAT 178Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 179 2:00 - CAT 180 181# Republic of the Congo 182# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 183Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 184 1:00 - WAT 185 186# Cote D'Ivoire 187# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 188Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 189 0:00 - GMT 190 191# Djibouti 192# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 193Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 194 3:00 - EAT 195 196############################################################################### 197 198# Egypt 199 200# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 201# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 202# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 203# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 204 205# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 206Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 207Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 208Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 210Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 211Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 212Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 213Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 214Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 215Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 216Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 217Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 218Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 219Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 220Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 221Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 222Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 223Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 224Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 225# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 226# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 227 228# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 229# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 230# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 231# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 232# 233# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 234# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 235# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 236# </a> 237# or 238# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 239# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 240# </a> 241Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 242Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 243# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 244# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 245# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 246# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 247# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 248Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 249# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 250# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 251# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 252# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 253# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 254# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 255# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 256# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 257Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 258# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 259# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 260# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 261# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 262# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 263# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 264# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 265# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 266# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 267 268# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 269# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 270# 271# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 272# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 273# Apr 23 274# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 275# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 276# Apr 24 277# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 278# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 279# Aug 27 280# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 281# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 282# Aug 27 283# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 284# 285# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 286# :59) 287# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 288# 289# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 290# 291# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 292# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 293# </a> 294# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 295# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 296# </a> 297# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 298# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 299# </a> 300 301# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 302# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 303# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 304# in September. 305 306# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 307# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 308# Information and Decision Support Center: 309# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 310# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 311# </a> 312# 313# The Middle East News Agency 314# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 315# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 316# </a> 317# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 318# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 319# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 320# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 321# (at least today). 322 323# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 324# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 325# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 326# Ramadan. 327# 328# Arabic translation: 329# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 330# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 331# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 332# </a> 333# or 334# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 335# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 336# </a> 337 338# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 339# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 340# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 341 342# From Gunther Vermier (2015-05-13): 343# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 344 345# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 346# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 347# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 348# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 349# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 350# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 351# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 352# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 353# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 354# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 355# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 356# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 357 358# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 359# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 360# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 361# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 362# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 363# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 364# 365# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 366# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at 367# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the 368# first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this, 369# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running 370# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated 371# by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed 372# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff. 373# (let ((islamic-year 1436)) 374# (while (< islamic-year 1460) 375# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 376# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 377# (friday 5)) 378# (while (/= friday (mod a 7)) 379# (setq a (1- a))) 380# (while (/= friday (mod b 7)) 381# (setq b (1+ b))) 382# (setq a (1- a)) 383# (setq b (1- b)) 384# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 385# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 386# (insert 387# (format 388# (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" 389# "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n") 390# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 391# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 392# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 393Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 394Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 395Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 396Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 397Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 398Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 399Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 400Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 401Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 402Rule Egypt 2015 2019 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 403Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 11 24:00 0 - 404Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 23 24:00 1:00 S 405Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 2 24:00 0 - 406Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 24:00 1:00 S 407Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 25 24:00 0 - 408Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 29 24:00 1:00 S 409Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 10 24:00 0 - 410Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S 411Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 2 24:00 0 - 412Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 6 24:00 1:00 S 413Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 28 24:00 1:00 S 414Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 24:00 1:00 S 415Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 5 24:00 1:00 S 416Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 417 418# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 419Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 420 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 421 422# Equatorial Guinea 423# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 424Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 425 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 426 1:00 - WAT 427 428# Eritrea 429# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 430Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 431 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 432 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 433 3:00 - EAT 434 435# Ethiopia 436# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 437# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 438# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 439# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 440# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 441Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 442 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 443 3:00 - EAT 444 445# Gabon 446# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 447Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 448 1:00 - WAT 449 450# Gambia 451# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 452Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 453 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 454 -1:00 - WAT 1964 455 0:00 - GMT 456 457# Ghana 458# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 459# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 460# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 461Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 462Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 463# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 464Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 465 0:00 Ghana %s 466 467# Guinea 468# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 469Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 470 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 471 -1:00 - WAT 1960 472 0:00 - GMT 473 474# Guinea-Bissau 475# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 476Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 477 -1:00 - WAT 1975 478 0:00 - GMT 479 480# Kenya 481# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 482Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 483 3:00 - EAT 1930 484 2:30 - BEAT 1940 485 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 486 3:00 - EAT 487 488# Lesotho 489# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 490Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 491 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 492 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 493 2:00 - SAST 494 495# Liberia 496# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 497# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 498# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 499# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 500# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 501# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 502# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 503# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 504# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 505Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 506 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 507 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 508 0:00 - GMT 509 510############################################################################### 511 512# Libya 513 514# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 515# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 516# http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 517# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 518# 519# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 520# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 521# 522# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 523# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 524# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 525# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 526# lastFri instead of lastSun). 527 528# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 529# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 530# cancelled yesterday.... 531# http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 532# 533# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 534# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2. 535 536# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 537Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 538Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 539Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 540Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 541Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 542Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 543Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 544Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 545Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 546Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 547Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 548Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 549Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 550Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 551Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 552Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 553Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 554# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 555Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 556 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 557 2:00 - EET 1982 558 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 559# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 560# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 561 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 562 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 563 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 564 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 565 2:00 - EET 566 567# Madagascar 568# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 569Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 570 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 571 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 572 3:00 - EAT 573 574# Malawi 575# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 576Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 577 2:00 - CAT 578 579# Mali 580# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 581Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 582 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 583 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 584 0:00 - GMT 585 586# Mauritania 587# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 588Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 589 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 590 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 591 0:00 - GMT 592 593# Mauritius 594 595# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 596# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 597# basis.... 598# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 599# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 600# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 601 602# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 603# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 604 605# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 606# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 607# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 608# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 609 610# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 611# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 612 613# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 614# According to 615# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 616# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 617# </a> 618# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 619# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 620# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 621# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 622# 623# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 624# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 625# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 626# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 627# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 628# changes two days later. 629 630# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 631# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 632# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 633# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 634# 635# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 636# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 637# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 638# ... 639# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 640# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 641# </a> 642 643# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 644# The Government of Mauritius weblink 645# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 646# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 647# </a> 648# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 649# 650# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 651# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 652# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 653# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 654# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 655# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 656# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 657# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 658# and end on 29 March 2009. 659 660# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 661# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 662# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 663# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 664# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 665# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 666# </a> 667 668# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 669# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 670# DST the coming summer... 671# 672# Some sources, in French: 673# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 674# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 675# </a> 676# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 677# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 678# </a> 679# 680# Our wrap-up: 681# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 682# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 683# </a> 684 685# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 686# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 687# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 688# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 689 690# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 691Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 692Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 693Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 694Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 695# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 696Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 697 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 698# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 699# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 700 701# Mayotte 702# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 703Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 704 3:00 - EAT 705 706# Morocco 707# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 708 709# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 710# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 711# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 712# 713# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 714# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 715# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 716# 717# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 718# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 719# </a> 720# OR 721# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 722# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 723# </a> 724 725# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 726# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 727# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 728# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 729# </a> 730# 731# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 732# spokesman. 733 734# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 735# According to this article: 736# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 737# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 738# </a> 739# (and republished here: 740# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 741# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 742# </a> 743# ) 744# the changes occurs at midnight: 745# 746# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 747# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 748# sunday night the 28th at midnight 749# 750# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 751# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 752# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 753# june1st to sept 27th. 754# 755# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 756# published on the web. 757# 758# It's also confirmed here: 759# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 760# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 761# </a> 762# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 763# posted in english). 764# 765# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 766# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 767# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 768# </a> 769 770# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 771# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 772# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 773# of September: 774# 775# One article about it (in French): 776# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 777# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 778# </a> 779# 780# We have some further details posted here: 781# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 782# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 783# </a> 784 785# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 786# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 787# to many sources, such as 788# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 789# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 790# </a> 791# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 792# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 793# </a> 794# (French) 795# 796# Our summary: 797# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 798# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 799# </a> 800 801# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 802# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 803# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 804# 805# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 806# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 807# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 808# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 809# 810# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 811# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 812# </a> 813# 814# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 815# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 816# </a> 817 818# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 819# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 820# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 821# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 822# 823# Example: 824# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 825# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 826# </a> 827# (French) 828# Our page: 829# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 830# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 831# </a> 832 833# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 834# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 835# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 836# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 837# ...Official links of change in morocco 838# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 839# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 840# +212.537.71.84.00 841# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 842# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 843# </a> 844# They said that 845# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 846# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 847# </a> 848# is the official publication to look at. 849# They said that the decision was already taken. 850# 851# More articles in the press 852# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 853# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 854# </a> 855# e.html 856# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 857# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 858# </a> 859# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 860# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 861# anche-prochain-5538.html 862# </a> 863 864# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 865# They have it written in English here: 866# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 867# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 868# </a> 869# 870# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 871# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 872# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 873# also been like that in the past. 874 875# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 876# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 877# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 878# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 879# <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9"> 880# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 881# </a> 882# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 883# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 884# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 885# except the month of Ramadan. 886# or (brief) 887# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html"> 888# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 889# </a> 890 891# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 892# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 893# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 894# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 895# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 896# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 897 898# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 899# Seen Morocco change again: 900# <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php"> 901# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 902# </a> 903# "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars, 904# comme annoncé précédemment." 905 906# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 907# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 908# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288"> 909# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 910# </a> 911# 912# Google translation, lightly edited: 913# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 914# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 915# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 916# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 917# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 918# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 919# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 920# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 921# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 922 923# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 924# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 925# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 926# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 927# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 928# <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>. 929 930# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 931# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 932# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 933# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 934 935# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 936# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 937# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 938# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 939# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 940# source (French): 941# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 942# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 943# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 944 945# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 946# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 947 948# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 949# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 950# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 951# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 952# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 953 954# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05): 955# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules, 956# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last 957# Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after 958# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were 959# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the 960# results integrated by hand into the table below. 961# (let ((islamic-year 1436)) 962# (while (< islamic-year 1460) 963# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 964# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 965# (saturday 6)) 966# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 967# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7)) 968# (setq b (1+ b))) 969# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 970# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 971# (insert 972# (format 973# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" 974# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 975# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 976# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 977# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 978 979# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 980 981Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 982Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 983Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 984Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 985Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 986Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 987Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 988Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 989Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 990Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 991Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 992Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 993Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 994Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 995Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 996Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 997Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 998Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 999Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 1000Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 1001Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 1002Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1003Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 1004Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1005Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1006Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 1007Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 1008Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 1009Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S 1010Rule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 1011Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1012Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 1013Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S 1014Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 13 3:00 0 - 1015Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S 1016Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 4 3:00 0 - 1017Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 9 2:00 1:00 S 1018Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 20 3:00 0 - 1019Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S 1020Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 12 3:00 0 - 1021Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 16 2:00 1:00 S 1022Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 4 3:00 0 - 1023Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S 1024Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 18 3:00 0 - 1025Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 30 2:00 1:00 S 1026Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - 1027Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 S 1028Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 2 3:00 0 - 1029Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 7 2:00 1:00 S 1030Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S 1031Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S 1032Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S 1033Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1034Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 27 3:00 0 - 1035Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 18 3:00 0 - 1036Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 10 3:00 0 - 1037 1038# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1039Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1040 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 1041 1:00 - CET 1986 1042 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1043 1044# Western Sahara 1045# 1046# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1047# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1048# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1049# Morocco does. 1050# 1051# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1052# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1053# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1054 1055Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 1056 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 1057 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1058 1059# Mozambique 1060# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1061Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1062 2:00 - CAT 1063 1064# Namibia 1065# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 1066# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 1067 1068# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 1069# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 1070# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1071# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1072# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1073# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1074# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1075# of the country. 1076# 1077# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 1078# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 1079# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1080 1081# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1082Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1083Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1084# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1085Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1086 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 1087 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1088 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1089 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1090 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 1091 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 1092 1093# Niger 1094# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1095Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 1096 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 1097 0:00 - GMT 1960 1098 1:00 - WAT 1099 1100# Nigeria 1101# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1102Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 1103 1:00 - WAT 1104 1105# Reunion 1106# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1107Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1108 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 1109# 1110# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 1111# The following information about them is taken from 1112# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 1113# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1114# We have no info about their time zone histories. 1115# 1116# Bassas da India - uninhabited 1117# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1118# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1119# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1120# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1121 1122# Rwanda 1123# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1124Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 1125 2:00 - CAT 1126 1127# St Helena 1128# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1129Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 1130 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 1131 0:00 - GMT 1132# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1133# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1134# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 1135# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1136# on GMT, says the CIA 1137# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 1138 1139# Sao Tome and Principe 1140# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1141Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1142 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 1143 0:00 - GMT 1144 1145# Senegal 1146# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1147Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 1148 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 1149 0:00 - GMT 1150 1151# Seychelles 1152# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1153Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1154 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 1155# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1156# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1157# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1158# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1159# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1160# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1161 1162# Sierra Leone 1163# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1164# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1165Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 1166Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 1167Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 1168Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 1169# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1170Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 1171 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 1172 -1:00 SL %s 1957 1173 0:00 SL %s 1174 1175# Somalia 1176# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1177Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 1178 3:00 - EAT 1931 1179 2:30 - BEAT 1957 1180 3:00 - EAT 1181 1182# South Africa 1183# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1184Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1185Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1186# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1187Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1188 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1189 2:00 SA SAST 1190# Marion and Prince Edward Is 1191# scientific station since 1947 1192# no information 1193 1194# Sudan 1195# 1196# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 1197# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 1198# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1199# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1200# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1201# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1202# 1203# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1204Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1205Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1206Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1207Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1208# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1209Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1210 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1211 3:00 - EAT 1212 1213# South Sudan 1214Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba 1215 1216# Swaziland 1217# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1218Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 1219 2:00 - SAST 1220 1221# Tanzania 1222# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1223Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 1224 3:00 - EAT 1948 1225 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 1226 3:00 - EAT 1227 1228# Togo 1229# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1230Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 1231 0:00 - GMT 1232 1233# Tunisia 1234 1235# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1236# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1237# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1238# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1239# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1240# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1241# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1242# Saturday." (My translation) 1243# 1244# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1245# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1246# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 1247# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1248# 1h standard time. 1249# 1250# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1251# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1252# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1253# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1254# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1255 1256# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1257# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1258# (Arabic) 1259# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1260# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1261# </a> 1262# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1263# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1264# </a> 1265# 1266# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1267# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1268# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1269# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1270# </a> 1271 1272# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1273# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1274# 1275# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1276# 1277# (in English) 1278# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1279# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1280# </a> 1281# 1282# (in Arabic) 1283# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1284# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1285# </a> 1286 1287# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1288# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1289# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1290# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1291# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1292 1293# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1294# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1295# 1296# (translation): 1297# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1298# Sunday... 1299# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1300# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1301# 1302# (in Arabic) 1303# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1304# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1305# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1306# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1307# or 1308# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1309# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1310 1311# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1312Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1313Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1314Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1315Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1316Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1317Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1318Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1319Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1320Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1321Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1322Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1323Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1324Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1325Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1326Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1327Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1328Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1329Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1330Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1331Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1332Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1333Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1334Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1335Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1336Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1337 1338# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1339# more precise 0:09:21. 1340# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1341# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1342Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1343 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1344 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1345 1346# Uganda 1347# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1348Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1349 3:00 - EAT 1930 1350 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1351 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 1352 3:00 - EAT 1353 1354# Zambia 1355# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1356Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1357 2:00 - CAT 1358 1359# Zimbabwe 1360# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1361Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1362 2:00 - CAT 1363