string revision 278724
1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===--------------------------- string -----------------------------------===//
3//
4//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5//
6// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
7// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8//
9//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10
11#ifndef _LIBCPP_STRING
12#define _LIBCPP_STRING
13
14/*
15    string synopsis
16
17namespace std
18{
19
20template <class stateT>
21class fpos
22{
23private:
24    stateT st;
25public:
26    fpos(streamoff = streamoff());
27
28    operator streamoff() const;
29
30    stateT state() const;
31    void state(stateT);
32
33    fpos& operator+=(streamoff);
34    fpos  operator+ (streamoff) const;
35    fpos& operator-=(streamoff);
36    fpos  operator- (streamoff) const;
37};
38
39template <class stateT> streamoff operator-(const fpos<stateT>& x, const fpos<stateT>& y);
40
41template <class stateT> bool operator==(const fpos<stateT>& x, const fpos<stateT>& y);
42template <class stateT> bool operator!=(const fpos<stateT>& x, const fpos<stateT>& y);
43
44template <class charT>
45struct char_traits
46{
47    typedef charT     char_type;
48    typedef ...       int_type;
49    typedef streamoff off_type;
50    typedef streampos pos_type;
51    typedef mbstate_t state_type;
52
53    static void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
54    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
55    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
56
57    static int              compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
58    static size_t           length(const char_type* s);
59    static const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n, const char_type& a);
60    static char_type*       move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
61    static char_type*       copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
62    static char_type*       assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
63
64    static constexpr int_type  not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
65    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
66    static constexpr int_type  to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
67    static constexpr bool      eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
68    static constexpr int_type  eof() noexcept;
69};
70
71template <> struct char_traits<char>;
72template <> struct char_traits<wchar_t>;
73
74template<class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT>, class Allocator = allocator<charT> >
75class basic_string
76{
77public:
78// types:
79    typedef traits traits_type;
80    typedef typename traits_type::char_type value_type;
81    typedef Allocator allocator_type;
82    typedef typename allocator_type::size_type size_type;
83    typedef typename allocator_type::difference_type difference_type;
84    typedef typename allocator_type::reference reference;
85    typedef typename allocator_type::const_reference const_reference;
86    typedef typename allocator_type::pointer pointer;
87    typedef typename allocator_type::const_pointer const_pointer;
88    typedef implementation-defined iterator;
89    typedef implementation-defined const_iterator;
90    typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;
91    typedef std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator> const_reverse_iterator;
92
93    static const size_type npos = -1;
94
95    basic_string()
96        noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible<allocator_type>::value);
97    explicit basic_string(const allocator_type& a);
98    basic_string(const basic_string& str);
99    basic_string(basic_string&& str)
100        noexcept(is_nothrow_move_constructible<allocator_type>::value);
101    basic_string(const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type n = npos,
102                 const allocator_type& a = allocator_type());
103    basic_string(const value_type* s, const allocator_type& a = allocator_type());
104    basic_string(const value_type* s, size_type n, const allocator_type& a = allocator_type());
105    basic_string(size_type n, value_type c, const allocator_type& a = allocator_type());
106    template<class InputIterator>
107        basic_string(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end,
108                     const allocator_type& a = allocator_type());
109    basic_string(initializer_list<value_type>, const Allocator& = Allocator());
110    basic_string(const basic_string&, const Allocator&);
111    basic_string(basic_string&&, const Allocator&);
112
113    ~basic_string();
114
115    basic_string& operator=(const basic_string& str);
116    basic_string& operator=(basic_string&& str)
117        noexcept(
118             allocator_type::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value &&
119             is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value);
120    basic_string& operator=(const value_type* s);
121    basic_string& operator=(value_type c);
122    basic_string& operator=(initializer_list<value_type>);
123
124    iterator       begin() noexcept;
125    const_iterator begin() const noexcept;
126    iterator       end() noexcept;
127    const_iterator end() const noexcept;
128
129    reverse_iterator       rbegin() noexcept;
130    const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
131    reverse_iterator       rend() noexcept;
132    const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
133
134    const_iterator         cbegin() const noexcept;
135    const_iterator         cend() const noexcept;
136    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept;
137    const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept;
138
139    size_type size() const noexcept;
140    size_type length() const noexcept;
141    size_type max_size() const noexcept;
142    size_type capacity() const noexcept;
143
144    void resize(size_type n, value_type c);
145    void resize(size_type n);
146
147    void reserve(size_type res_arg = 0);
148    void shrink_to_fit();
149    void clear() noexcept;
150    bool empty() const noexcept;
151
152    const_reference operator[](size_type pos) const;
153    reference       operator[](size_type pos);
154
155    const_reference at(size_type n) const;
156    reference       at(size_type n);
157
158    basic_string& operator+=(const basic_string& str);
159    basic_string& operator+=(const value_type* s);
160    basic_string& operator+=(value_type c);
161    basic_string& operator+=(initializer_list<value_type>);
162
163    basic_string& append(const basic_string& str);
164    basic_string& append(const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type n=npos); //C++14
165    basic_string& append(const value_type* s, size_type n);
166    basic_string& append(const value_type* s);
167    basic_string& append(size_type n, value_type c);
168    template<class InputIterator>
169        basic_string& append(InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
170    basic_string& append(initializer_list<value_type>);
171
172    void push_back(value_type c);
173    void pop_back();
174    reference       front();
175    const_reference front() const;
176    reference       back();
177    const_reference back() const;
178
179    basic_string& assign(const basic_string& str);
180    basic_string& assign(basic_string&& str);
181    basic_string& assign(const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type n=npos); // C++14
182    basic_string& assign(const value_type* s, size_type n);
183    basic_string& assign(const value_type* s);
184    basic_string& assign(size_type n, value_type c);
185    template<class InputIterator>
186        basic_string& assign(InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
187    basic_string& assign(initializer_list<value_type>);
188
189    basic_string& insert(size_type pos1, const basic_string& str);
190    basic_string& insert(size_type pos1, const basic_string& str,
191                         size_type pos2, size_type n);
192    basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const value_type* s, size_type n=npos); //C++14
193    basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const value_type* s);
194    basic_string& insert(size_type pos, size_type n, value_type c);
195    iterator      insert(const_iterator p, value_type c);
196    iterator      insert(const_iterator p, size_type n, value_type c);
197    template<class InputIterator>
198        iterator insert(const_iterator p, InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
199    iterator      insert(const_iterator p, initializer_list<value_type>);
200
201    basic_string& erase(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos);
202    iterator      erase(const_iterator position);
203    iterator      erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
204
205    basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str);
206    basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str,
207                          size_type pos2, size_type n2=npos); // C++14
208    basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, const value_type* s, size_type n2);
209    basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, const value_type* s);
210    basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, size_type n2, value_type c);
211    basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const basic_string& str);
212    basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const value_type* s, size_type n);
213    basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const value_type* s);
214    basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, size_type n, value_type c);
215    template<class InputIterator>
216        basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, InputIterator j1, InputIterator j2);
217    basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, initializer_list<value_type>);
218
219    size_type copy(value_type* s, size_type n, size_type pos = 0) const;
220    basic_string substr(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos) const;
221
222    void swap(basic_string& str)
223        noexcept(!allocator_type::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
224                 __is_nothrow_swappable<allocator_type>::value)
225
226    const value_type* c_str() const noexcept;
227    const value_type* data() const noexcept;
228
229    allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept;
230
231    size_type find(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
232    size_type find(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
233    size_type find(const value_type* s, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
234    size_type find(value_type c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
235
236    size_type rfind(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
237    size_type rfind(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
238    size_type rfind(const value_type* s, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
239    size_type rfind(value_type c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
240
241    size_type find_first_of(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
242    size_type find_first_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
243    size_type find_first_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
244    size_type find_first_of(value_type c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
245
246    size_type find_last_of(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
247    size_type find_last_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
248    size_type find_last_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
249    size_type find_last_of(value_type c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
250
251    size_type find_first_not_of(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
252    size_type find_first_not_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
253    size_type find_first_not_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
254    size_type find_first_not_of(value_type c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
255
256    size_type find_last_not_of(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
257    size_type find_last_not_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const noexcept;
258    size_type find_last_not_of(const value_type* s, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
259    size_type find_last_not_of(value_type c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
260
261    int compare(const basic_string& str) const noexcept;
262    int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str) const;
263    int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str,
264                size_type pos2, size_type n2=npos) const; // C++14
265    int compare(const value_type* s) const noexcept;
266    int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const value_type* s) const;
267    int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const value_type* s, size_type n2) const;
268
269    bool __invariants() const;
270};
271
272template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
273basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>
274operator+(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
275          const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs);
276
277template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
278basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>
279operator+(const charT* lhs , const basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>&rhs);
280
281template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
282basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>
283operator+(charT lhs, const basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>& rhs);
284
285template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
286basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>
287operator+(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs);
288
289template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
290basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>
291operator+(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, charT rhs);
292
293template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
294bool operator==(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
295                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
296
297template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
298bool operator==(const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
299
300template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
301bool operator==(const basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
302
303template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
304bool operator!=(const basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>& lhs,
305                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
306
307template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
308bool operator!=(const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
309
310template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
311bool operator!=(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
312
313template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
314bool operator< (const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
315                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
316
317template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
318bool operator< (const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
319
320template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
321bool operator< (const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
322
323template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
324bool operator> (const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
325                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
326
327template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
328bool operator> (const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
329
330template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
331bool operator> (const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
332
333template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
334bool operator<=(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
335                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
336
337template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
338bool operator<=(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
339
340template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
341bool operator<=(const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
342
343template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
344bool operator>=(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
345                const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
346
347template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
348bool operator>=(const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs, const charT* rhs) noexcept;
349
350template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
351bool operator>=(const charT* lhs, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
352
353template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
354void swap(basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& lhs,
355          basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& rhs)
356            noexcept(noexcept(lhs.swap(rhs)));
357
358template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
359basic_istream<charT, traits>&
360operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is, basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& str);
361
362template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
363basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
364operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& str);
365
366template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
367basic_istream<charT, traits>&
368getline(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is, basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& str,
369        charT delim);
370
371template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
372basic_istream<charT, traits>&
373getline(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is, basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>& str);
374
375typedef basic_string<char>    string;
376typedef basic_string<wchar_t> wstring;
377typedef basic_string<char16_t> u16string;
378typedef basic_string<char32_t> u32string;
379
380int                stoi  (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
381long               stol  (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
382unsigned long      stoul (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
383long long          stoll (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
384unsigned long long stoull(const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
385
386float       stof (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0);
387double      stod (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0);
388long double stold(const string& str, size_t* idx = 0);
389
390string to_string(int val);
391string to_string(unsigned val);
392string to_string(long val);
393string to_string(unsigned long val);
394string to_string(long long val);
395string to_string(unsigned long long val);
396string to_string(float val);
397string to_string(double val);
398string to_string(long double val);
399
400int                stoi  (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
401long               stol  (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
402unsigned long      stoul (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
403long long          stoll (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
404unsigned long long stoull(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
405
406float       stof (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);
407double      stod (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);
408long double stold(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);
409
410wstring to_wstring(int val);
411wstring to_wstring(unsigned val);
412wstring to_wstring(long val);
413wstring to_wstring(unsigned long val);
414wstring to_wstring(long long val);
415wstring to_wstring(unsigned long long val);
416wstring to_wstring(float val);
417wstring to_wstring(double val);
418wstring to_wstring(long double val);
419
420template <> struct hash<string>;
421template <> struct hash<u16string>;
422template <> struct hash<u32string>;
423template <> struct hash<wstring>;
424
425basic_string<char>     operator "" s( const char *str,     size_t len ); // C++14
426basic_string<wchar_t>  operator "" s( const wchar_t *str,  size_t len ); // C++14
427basic_string<char16_t> operator "" s( const char16_t *str, size_t len ); // C++14
428basic_string<char32_t> operator "" s( const char32_t *str, size_t len ); // C++14
429
430}  // std
431
432*/
433
434#include <__config>
435#include <iosfwd>
436#include <cstring>
437#include <cstdio>  // For EOF.
438#include <cwchar>
439#include <algorithm>
440#include <iterator>
441#include <utility>
442#include <memory>
443#include <stdexcept>
444#include <type_traits>
445#include <initializer_list>
446#include <__functional_base>
447#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE_CHARS
448#include <cstdint>
449#endif
450#if defined(_LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS)
451#include <cassert>
452#endif
453
454#include <__undef_min_max>
455
456#include <__debug>
457
458#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
459#pragma GCC system_header
460#endif
461
462_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
463
464// fpos
465
466template <class _StateT>
467class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY fpos
468{
469private:
470    _StateT __st_;
471    streamoff __off_;
472public:
473    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY fpos(streamoff __off = streamoff()) : __st_(), __off_(__off) {}
474
475    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY operator streamoff() const {return __off_;}
476
477    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _StateT state() const {return __st_;}
478    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void state(_StateT __st) {__st_ = __st;}
479
480    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY fpos& operator+=(streamoff __off) {__off_ += __off; return *this;}
481    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY fpos  operator+ (streamoff __off) const {fpos __t(*this); __t += __off; return __t;}
482    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY fpos& operator-=(streamoff __off) {__off_ -= __off; return *this;}
483    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY fpos  operator- (streamoff __off) const {fpos __t(*this); __t -= __off; return __t;}
484};
485
486template <class _StateT>
487inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
488streamoff operator-(const fpos<_StateT>& __x, const fpos<_StateT>& __y)
489    {return streamoff(__x) - streamoff(__y);}
490
491template <class _StateT>
492inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
493bool operator==(const fpos<_StateT>& __x, const fpos<_StateT>& __y)
494    {return streamoff(__x) == streamoff(__y);}
495
496template <class _StateT>
497inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
498bool operator!=(const fpos<_StateT>& __x, const fpos<_StateT>& __y)
499    {return streamoff(__x) != streamoff(__y);}
500
501// char_traits
502
503template <class _CharT>
504struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY char_traits
505{
506    typedef _CharT    char_type;
507    typedef int       int_type;
508    typedef streamoff off_type;
509    typedef streampos pos_type;
510    typedef mbstate_t state_type;
511
512    static inline void assign(char_type& __c1, const char_type& __c2) _NOEXCEPT
513        {__c1 = __c2;}
514    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
515        {return __c1 == __c2;}
516    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool lt(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
517        {return __c1 < __c2;}
518
519    static int              compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
520    static size_t           length(const char_type* __s);
521    static const char_type* find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a);
522    static char_type*       move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
523    static char_type*       copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
524    static char_type*       assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a);
525
526    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  not_eof(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
527        {return eq_int_type(__c, eof()) ? ~eof() : __c;}
528    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR char_type to_char_type(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
529        {return char_type(__c);}
530    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  to_int_type(char_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
531        {return int_type(__c);}
532    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool      eq_int_type(int_type __c1, int_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
533        {return __c1 == __c2;}
534    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  eof() _NOEXCEPT
535        {return int_type(EOF);}
536};
537
538template <class _CharT>
539int
540char_traits<_CharT>::compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
541{
542    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
543    {
544        if (lt(*__s1, *__s2))
545            return -1;
546        if (lt(*__s2, *__s1))
547            return 1;
548    }
549    return 0;
550}
551
552template <class _CharT>
553inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
554size_t
555char_traits<_CharT>::length(const char_type* __s)
556{
557    size_t __len = 0;
558    for (; !eq(*__s, char_type(0)); ++__s)
559        ++__len;
560    return __len;
561}
562
563template <class _CharT>
564inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
565const _CharT*
566char_traits<_CharT>::find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a)
567{
568    for (; __n; --__n)
569    {
570        if (eq(*__s, __a))
571            return __s;
572        ++__s;
573    }
574    return 0;
575}
576
577template <class _CharT>
578_CharT*
579char_traits<_CharT>::move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
580{
581    char_type* __r = __s1;
582    if (__s1 < __s2)
583    {
584        for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
585            assign(*__s1, *__s2);
586    }
587    else if (__s2 < __s1)
588    {
589        __s1 += __n;
590        __s2 += __n;
591        for (; __n; --__n)
592            assign(*--__s1, *--__s2);
593    }
594    return __r;
595}
596
597template <class _CharT>
598inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
599_CharT*
600char_traits<_CharT>::copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
601{
602    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s2 < __s1 || __s2 >= __s1+__n, "char_traits::copy overlapped range");
603    char_type* __r = __s1;
604    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
605        assign(*__s1, *__s2);
606    return __r;
607}
608
609template <class _CharT>
610inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
611_CharT*
612char_traits<_CharT>::assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a)
613{
614    char_type* __r = __s;
615    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s)
616        assign(*__s, __a);
617    return __r;
618}
619
620// char_traits<char>
621
622template <>
623struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY char_traits<char>
624{
625    typedef char      char_type;
626    typedef int       int_type;
627    typedef streamoff off_type;
628    typedef streampos pos_type;
629    typedef mbstate_t state_type;
630
631    static inline void assign(char_type& __c1, const char_type& __c2) _NOEXCEPT
632        {__c1 = __c2;}
633    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
634            {return __c1 == __c2;}
635    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool lt(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
636        {return (unsigned char)__c1 < (unsigned char)__c2;}
637
638    static inline int compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
639        {return memcmp(__s1, __s2, __n);}
640    static inline size_t length(const char_type* __s) {return strlen(__s);}
641    static inline const char_type* find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a)
642        {return (const char_type*)memchr(__s, to_int_type(__a), __n);}
643    static inline char_type* move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
644        {return (char_type*)memmove(__s1, __s2, __n);}
645    static inline char_type* copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
646        {
647            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s2 < __s1 || __s2 >= __s1+__n, "char_traits::copy overlapped range");
648            return (char_type*)memcpy(__s1, __s2, __n);
649        }
650    static inline char_type* assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a)
651        {return (char_type*)memset(__s, to_int_type(__a), __n);}
652
653    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  not_eof(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
654        {return eq_int_type(__c, eof()) ? ~eof() : __c;}
655    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR char_type to_char_type(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
656        {return char_type(__c);}
657    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type to_int_type(char_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
658        {return int_type((unsigned char)__c);}
659    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq_int_type(int_type __c1, int_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
660        {return __c1 == __c2;}
661    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  eof() _NOEXCEPT
662        {return int_type(EOF);}
663};
664
665// char_traits<wchar_t>
666
667template <>
668struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY char_traits<wchar_t>
669{
670    typedef wchar_t   char_type;
671    typedef wint_t    int_type;
672    typedef streamoff off_type;
673    typedef streampos pos_type;
674    typedef mbstate_t state_type;
675
676    static inline void assign(char_type& __c1, const char_type& __c2) _NOEXCEPT
677        {__c1 = __c2;}
678    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
679        {return __c1 == __c2;}
680    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool lt(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
681        {return __c1 < __c2;}
682
683    static inline int compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
684        {return wmemcmp(__s1, __s2, __n);}
685    static inline size_t length(const char_type* __s)
686        {return wcslen(__s);}
687    static inline const char_type* find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a)
688        {return (const char_type*)wmemchr(__s, __a, __n);}
689    static inline char_type* move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
690        {return (char_type*)wmemmove(__s1, __s2, __n);}
691    static inline char_type* copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
692        {
693            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s2 < __s1 || __s2 >= __s1+__n, "char_traits::copy overlapped range");
694            return (char_type*)wmemcpy(__s1, __s2, __n);
695        }
696    static inline char_type* assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a)
697        {return (char_type*)wmemset(__s, __a, __n);}
698
699    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  not_eof(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
700        {return eq_int_type(__c, eof()) ? ~eof() : __c;}
701    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR char_type to_char_type(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
702        {return char_type(__c);}
703    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type to_int_type(char_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
704        {return int_type(__c);}
705    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq_int_type(int_type __c1, int_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
706        {return __c1 == __c2;}
707    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type eof() _NOEXCEPT
708        {return int_type(WEOF);}
709};
710
711#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE_CHARS
712
713template <>
714struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY char_traits<char16_t>
715{
716    typedef char16_t       char_type;
717    typedef uint_least16_t int_type;
718    typedef streamoff      off_type;
719    typedef u16streampos   pos_type;
720    typedef mbstate_t      state_type;
721
722    static inline void assign(char_type& __c1, const char_type& __c2) _NOEXCEPT
723        {__c1 = __c2;}
724    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
725        {return __c1 == __c2;}
726    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool lt(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
727        {return __c1 < __c2;}
728
729    static int              compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
730    static size_t           length(const char_type* __s);
731    static const char_type* find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a);
732    static char_type*       move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
733    static char_type*       copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
734    static char_type*       assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a);
735
736    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  not_eof(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
737        {return eq_int_type(__c, eof()) ? ~eof() : __c;}
738    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR char_type to_char_type(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
739        {return char_type(__c);}
740    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type to_int_type(char_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
741        {return int_type(__c);}
742    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq_int_type(int_type __c1, int_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
743        {return __c1 == __c2;}
744    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type eof() _NOEXCEPT
745        {return int_type(0xDFFF);}
746};
747
748inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
749int
750char_traits<char16_t>::compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
751{
752    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
753    {
754        if (lt(*__s1, *__s2))
755            return -1;
756        if (lt(*__s2, *__s1))
757            return 1;
758    }
759    return 0;
760}
761
762inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
763size_t
764char_traits<char16_t>::length(const char_type* __s)
765{
766    size_t __len = 0;
767    for (; !eq(*__s, char_type(0)); ++__s)
768        ++__len;
769    return __len;
770}
771
772inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
773const char16_t*
774char_traits<char16_t>::find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a)
775{
776    for (; __n; --__n)
777    {
778        if (eq(*__s, __a))
779            return __s;
780        ++__s;
781    }
782    return 0;
783}
784
785inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
786char16_t*
787char_traits<char16_t>::move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
788{
789    char_type* __r = __s1;
790    if (__s1 < __s2)
791    {
792        for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
793            assign(*__s1, *__s2);
794    }
795    else if (__s2 < __s1)
796    {
797        __s1 += __n;
798        __s2 += __n;
799        for (; __n; --__n)
800            assign(*--__s1, *--__s2);
801    }
802    return __r;
803}
804
805inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
806char16_t*
807char_traits<char16_t>::copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
808{
809    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s2 < __s1 || __s2 >= __s1+__n, "char_traits::copy overlapped range");
810    char_type* __r = __s1;
811    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
812        assign(*__s1, *__s2);
813    return __r;
814}
815
816inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
817char16_t*
818char_traits<char16_t>::assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a)
819{
820    char_type* __r = __s;
821    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s)
822        assign(*__s, __a);
823    return __r;
824}
825
826template <>
827struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY char_traits<char32_t>
828{
829    typedef char32_t       char_type;
830    typedef uint_least32_t int_type;
831    typedef streamoff      off_type;
832    typedef u32streampos   pos_type;
833    typedef mbstate_t      state_type;
834
835    static inline void assign(char_type& __c1, const char_type& __c2) _NOEXCEPT
836        {__c1 = __c2;}
837    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
838        {return __c1 == __c2;}
839    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool lt(char_type __c1, char_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
840        {return __c1 < __c2;}
841
842    static int              compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
843    static size_t           length(const char_type* __s);
844    static const char_type* find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a);
845    static char_type*       move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
846    static char_type*       copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n);
847    static char_type*       assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a);
848
849    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type  not_eof(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
850        {return eq_int_type(__c, eof()) ? ~eof() : __c;}
851    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR char_type to_char_type(int_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
852        {return char_type(__c);}
853    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type to_int_type(char_type __c) _NOEXCEPT
854        {return int_type(__c);}
855    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR bool eq_int_type(int_type __c1, int_type __c2) _NOEXCEPT
856        {return __c1 == __c2;}
857    static inline _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR int_type eof() _NOEXCEPT
858        {return int_type(0xFFFFFFFF);}
859};
860
861inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
862int
863char_traits<char32_t>::compare(const char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
864{
865    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
866    {
867        if (lt(*__s1, *__s2))
868            return -1;
869        if (lt(*__s2, *__s1))
870            return 1;
871    }
872    return 0;
873}
874
875inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
876size_t
877char_traits<char32_t>::length(const char_type* __s)
878{
879    size_t __len = 0;
880    for (; !eq(*__s, char_type(0)); ++__s)
881        ++__len;
882    return __len;
883}
884
885inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
886const char32_t*
887char_traits<char32_t>::find(const char_type* __s, size_t __n, const char_type& __a)
888{
889    for (; __n; --__n)
890    {
891        if (eq(*__s, __a))
892            return __s;
893        ++__s;
894    }
895    return 0;
896}
897
898inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
899char32_t*
900char_traits<char32_t>::move(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
901{
902    char_type* __r = __s1;
903    if (__s1 < __s2)
904    {
905        for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
906            assign(*__s1, *__s2);
907    }
908    else if (__s2 < __s1)
909    {
910        __s1 += __n;
911        __s2 += __n;
912        for (; __n; --__n)
913            assign(*--__s1, *--__s2);
914    }
915    return __r;
916}
917
918inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
919char32_t*
920char_traits<char32_t>::copy(char_type* __s1, const char_type* __s2, size_t __n)
921{
922    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s2 < __s1 || __s2 >= __s1+__n, "char_traits::copy overlapped range");
923    char_type* __r = __s1;
924    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s1, ++__s2)
925        assign(*__s1, *__s2);
926    return __r;
927}
928
929inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
930char32_t*
931char_traits<char32_t>::assign(char_type* __s, size_t __n, char_type __a)
932{
933    char_type* __r = __s;
934    for (; __n; --__n, ++__s)
935        assign(*__s, __a);
936    return __r;
937}
938
939#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE_CHARS
940
941// helper fns for basic_string
942
943// __str_find
944template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
945_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
946__str_find(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz, 
947             _CharT __c, _SizeT __pos) _NOEXCEPT
948{
949    if (__pos >= __sz)
950        return __npos;
951    const _CharT* __r = _Traits::find(__p + __pos, __sz - __pos, __c);
952    if (__r == 0)
953        return __npos;
954    return static_cast<_SizeT>(__r - __p);
955}
956
957template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
958_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
959__str_find(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz, 
960       const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
961{
962    if (__pos > __sz || __sz - __pos < __n)
963        return __npos;
964    if (__n == 0)
965        return __pos;
966    const _CharT* __r = 
967        _VSTD::__search(__p + __pos, __p + __sz,
968                        __s, __s + __n, _Traits::eq,
969                        random_access_iterator_tag(), random_access_iterator_tag());
970    if (__r == __p + __sz)
971        return __npos;
972    return static_cast<_SizeT>(__r - __p);
973}
974
975
976// __str_rfind
977
978template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
979_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
980__str_rfind(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz, 
981              _CharT __c, _SizeT __pos) _NOEXCEPT
982{
983    if (__sz < 1)
984        return __npos;
985    if (__pos < __sz)
986        ++__pos;
987    else
988        __pos = __sz;
989    for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __p;)
990    {
991        if (_Traits::eq(*--__ps, __c))
992            return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
993    }
994    return __npos;
995}
996
997template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
998_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
999__str_rfind(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz, 
1000        const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
1001{
1002    __pos = _VSTD::min(__pos, __sz);
1003    if (__n < __sz - __pos)
1004        __pos += __n;
1005    else
1006        __pos = __sz;
1007    const _CharT* __r = _VSTD::__find_end(
1008                  __p, __p + __pos, __s, __s + __n, _Traits::eq, 
1009                        random_access_iterator_tag(), random_access_iterator_tag());
1010    if (__n > 0 && __r == __p + __pos)
1011        return __npos;
1012    return static_cast<_SizeT>(__r - __p);
1013}
1014
1015// __str_find_first_of
1016template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1017_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1018__str_find_first_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1019                const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
1020{
1021    if (__pos >= __sz || __n == 0)
1022        return __npos;
1023    const _CharT* __r = _VSTD::__find_first_of_ce
1024        (__p + __pos, __p + __sz, __s, __s + __n, _Traits::eq );
1025    if (__r == __p + __sz)
1026        return __npos;
1027    return static_cast<_SizeT>(__r - __p);
1028}
1029
1030
1031// __str_find_last_of
1032template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1033_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY 
1034__str_find_last_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1035               const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
1036    {
1037    if (__n != 0)
1038    {
1039        if (__pos < __sz)
1040            ++__pos;
1041        else
1042            __pos = __sz;
1043        for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __p;)
1044        {
1045            const _CharT* __r = _Traits::find(__s, __n, *--__ps);
1046            if (__r)
1047                return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
1048        }
1049    }
1050    return __npos;
1051}
1052
1053
1054// __str_find_first_not_of
1055template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1056_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1057__str_find_first_not_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1058                    const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
1059{
1060    if (__pos < __sz)
1061    {
1062        const _CharT* __pe = __p + __sz;
1063        for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __pe; ++__ps)
1064            if (_Traits::find(__s, __n, *__ps) == 0)
1065                return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
1066    }
1067    return __npos;
1068}
1069
1070
1071template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1072_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1073__str_find_first_not_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1074                          _CharT __c, _SizeT __pos) _NOEXCEPT
1075{
1076    if (__pos < __sz)
1077    {
1078        const _CharT* __pe = __p + __sz;
1079        for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __pe; ++__ps)
1080            if (!_Traits::eq(*__ps, __c))
1081                return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
1082    }
1083    return __npos;
1084}
1085
1086
1087// __str_find_last_not_of
1088template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1089_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1090__str_find_last_not_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1091                   const _CharT* __s, _SizeT __pos, _SizeT __n) _NOEXCEPT
1092{
1093    if (__pos < __sz)
1094        ++__pos;
1095    else
1096        __pos = __sz;
1097    for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __p;)
1098        if (_Traits::find(__s, __n, *--__ps) == 0)
1099            return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
1100    return __npos;
1101}
1102
1103
1104template<class _CharT, class _SizeT, class _Traits, _SizeT __npos>
1105_SizeT _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1106__str_find_last_not_of(const _CharT *__p, _SizeT __sz,
1107                         _CharT __c, _SizeT __pos) _NOEXCEPT
1108{
1109    if (__pos < __sz)
1110        ++__pos;
1111    else
1112        __pos = __sz;
1113    for (const _CharT* __ps = __p + __pos; __ps != __p;)
1114        if (!_Traits::eq(*--__ps, __c))
1115            return static_cast<_SizeT>(__ps - __p);
1116    return __npos;
1117}
1118
1119template<class _Ptr>
1120size_t _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY __do_string_hash(_Ptr __p, _Ptr __e)
1121{
1122    typedef typename iterator_traits<_Ptr>::value_type value_type;
1123    return __murmur2_or_cityhash<size_t>()(__p, (__e-__p)*sizeof(value_type));
1124}
1125
1126// basic_string
1127
1128template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1129basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
1130operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __x,
1131          const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __y);
1132
1133template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1134basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
1135operator+(const _CharT* __x, const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __y);
1136
1137template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1138basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
1139operator+(_CharT __x, const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __y);
1140
1141template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1142basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
1143operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __x, const _CharT* __y);
1144
1145template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1146basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
1147operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __x, _CharT __y);
1148
1149template <bool>
1150class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY __basic_string_common
1151{
1152protected:
1153    void __throw_length_error() const;
1154    void __throw_out_of_range() const;
1155};
1156
1157template <bool __b>
1158void
1159__basic_string_common<__b>::__throw_length_error() const
1160{
1161#ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
1162    throw length_error("basic_string");
1163#else
1164    assert(!"basic_string length_error");
1165#endif
1166}
1167
1168template <bool __b>
1169void
1170__basic_string_common<__b>::__throw_out_of_range() const
1171{
1172#ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
1173    throw out_of_range("basic_string");
1174#else
1175    assert(!"basic_string out_of_range");
1176#endif
1177}
1178
1179#ifdef _LIBCPP_MSVC
1180#pragma warning( push )
1181#pragma warning( disable: 4231 )
1182#endif // _LIBCPP_MSVC
1183_LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE(class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS __basic_string_common<true>)
1184#ifdef _LIBCPP_MSVC
1185#pragma warning( pop )
1186#endif // _LIBCPP_MSVC
1187
1188#ifdef _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1189
1190template <class _CharT, size_t = sizeof(_CharT)>
1191struct __padding
1192{
1193    unsigned char __xx[sizeof(_CharT)-1];
1194};
1195
1196template <class _CharT>
1197struct __padding<_CharT, 1>
1198{
1199};
1200
1201#endif  // _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1202
1203template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1204class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY basic_string
1205    : private __basic_string_common<true>
1206{
1207public:
1208    typedef basic_string                                 __self;
1209    typedef _Traits                                      traits_type;
1210    typedef typename traits_type::char_type              value_type;
1211    typedef _Allocator                                   allocator_type;
1212    typedef allocator_traits<allocator_type>             __alloc_traits;
1213    typedef typename __alloc_traits::size_type           size_type;
1214    typedef typename __alloc_traits::difference_type     difference_type;
1215    typedef value_type&                                  reference;
1216    typedef const value_type&                            const_reference;
1217    typedef typename __alloc_traits::pointer             pointer;
1218    typedef typename __alloc_traits::const_pointer       const_pointer;
1219
1220    static_assert(is_pod<value_type>::value, "Character type of basic_string must be a POD");
1221    static_assert((is_same<_CharT, value_type>::value),
1222                  "traits_type::char_type must be the same type as CharT");
1223    static_assert((is_same<typename allocator_type::value_type, value_type>::value),
1224                  "Allocator::value_type must be same type as value_type");
1225#if defined(_LIBCPP_RAW_ITERATORS)
1226    typedef pointer                                      iterator;
1227    typedef const_pointer                                const_iterator;
1228#else  // defined(_LIBCPP_RAW_ITERATORS)
1229    typedef __wrap_iter<pointer>                         iterator;
1230    typedef __wrap_iter<const_pointer>                   const_iterator;
1231#endif  // defined(_LIBCPP_RAW_ITERATORS)
1232    typedef _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>             reverse_iterator;
1233    typedef _VSTD::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>       const_reverse_iterator;
1234
1235private:
1236
1237#ifdef _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1238
1239    struct __long
1240    {
1241        pointer   __data_;
1242        size_type __size_;
1243        size_type __cap_;
1244    };
1245
1246#if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1247    enum {__short_mask = 0x01};
1248    enum {__long_mask  = 0x1ul};
1249#else  // _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1250    enum {__short_mask = 0x80};
1251    enum {__long_mask  = ~(size_type(~0) >> 1)};
1252#endif  // _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1253
1254    enum {__min_cap = (sizeof(__long) - 1)/sizeof(value_type) > 2 ?
1255                      (sizeof(__long) - 1)/sizeof(value_type) : 2};
1256
1257    struct __short
1258    {
1259        value_type __data_[__min_cap];
1260        struct
1261            : __padding<value_type>
1262        {
1263            unsigned char __size_;
1264        };
1265    };
1266
1267#else
1268
1269    struct __long
1270    {
1271        size_type __cap_;
1272        size_type __size_;
1273        pointer   __data_;
1274    };
1275
1276#if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1277    enum {__short_mask = 0x80};
1278    enum {__long_mask  = ~(size_type(~0) >> 1)};
1279#else  // _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1280    enum {__short_mask = 0x01};
1281    enum {__long_mask  = 0x1ul};
1282#endif  // _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1283
1284    enum {__min_cap = (sizeof(__long) - 1)/sizeof(value_type) > 2 ?
1285                      (sizeof(__long) - 1)/sizeof(value_type) : 2};
1286
1287    struct __short
1288    {
1289        union
1290        {
1291            unsigned char __size_;
1292            value_type __lx;
1293        };
1294        value_type __data_[__min_cap];
1295    };
1296
1297#endif  // _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1298
1299    union __ulx{__long __lx; __short __lxx;};
1300
1301    enum {__n_words = sizeof(__ulx) / sizeof(size_type)};
1302
1303    struct __raw
1304    {
1305        size_type __words[__n_words];
1306    };
1307
1308    struct __rep
1309    {
1310        union
1311        {
1312            __long  __l;
1313            __short __s;
1314            __raw   __r;
1315        };
1316    };
1317
1318    __compressed_pair<__rep, allocator_type> __r_;
1319
1320public:
1321    static const size_type npos = -1;
1322
1323    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string()
1324        _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_default_constructible<allocator_type>::value);
1325    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY explicit basic_string(const allocator_type& __a);
1326    basic_string(const basic_string& __str);
1327    basic_string(const basic_string& __str, const allocator_type& __a);
1328#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
1329    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1330    basic_string(basic_string&& __str)
1331        _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_move_constructible<allocator_type>::value);
1332    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1333    basic_string(basic_string&& __str, const allocator_type& __a);
1334#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
1335    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string(const value_type* __s);
1336    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1337    basic_string(const value_type* __s, const allocator_type& __a);
1338    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1339    basic_string(const value_type* __s, size_type __n);
1340    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1341    basic_string(const value_type* __s, size_type __n, const allocator_type& __a);
1342    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1343    basic_string(size_type __n, value_type __c);
1344    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1345    basic_string(size_type __n, value_type __c, const allocator_type& __a);
1346    basic_string(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n = npos,
1347                 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type());
1348    template<class _InputIterator>
1349        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1350        basic_string(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
1351    template<class _InputIterator>
1352        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1353        basic_string(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, const allocator_type& __a);
1354#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1355    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1356    basic_string(initializer_list<value_type> __il);
1357    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1358    basic_string(initializer_list<value_type> __il, const allocator_type& __a);
1359#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1360
1361    ~basic_string();
1362
1363    basic_string& operator=(const basic_string& __str);
1364#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
1365    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1366    basic_string& operator=(basic_string&& __str)
1367        _NOEXCEPT_(__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value &&
1368                   is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value);
1369#endif
1370    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string& operator=(const value_type* __s) {return assign(__s);}
1371    basic_string& operator=(value_type __c);
1372#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1373    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1374    basic_string& operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __il) {return assign(__il.begin(), __il.size());}
1375#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1376
1377#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1378    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1379    iterator begin() _NOEXCEPT
1380        {return iterator(this, __get_pointer());}
1381    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1382    const_iterator begin() const _NOEXCEPT
1383        {return const_iterator(this, __get_pointer());}
1384    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1385    iterator end() _NOEXCEPT
1386        {return iterator(this, __get_pointer() + size());}
1387    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1388    const_iterator end() const _NOEXCEPT
1389        {return const_iterator(this, __get_pointer() + size());}
1390#else
1391    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1392    iterator begin() _NOEXCEPT
1393        {return iterator(__get_pointer());}
1394    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1395    const_iterator begin() const _NOEXCEPT
1396        {return const_iterator(__get_pointer());}
1397    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1398    iterator end() _NOEXCEPT
1399        {return iterator(__get_pointer() + size());}
1400    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1401    const_iterator end() const _NOEXCEPT
1402        {return const_iterator(__get_pointer() + size());}
1403#endif  // _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1404    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1405    reverse_iterator rbegin() _NOEXCEPT
1406        {return reverse_iterator(end());}
1407    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1408    const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const _NOEXCEPT
1409        {return const_reverse_iterator(end());}
1410    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1411    reverse_iterator rend() _NOEXCEPT
1412        {return reverse_iterator(begin());}
1413    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1414    const_reverse_iterator rend() const _NOEXCEPT
1415        {return const_reverse_iterator(begin());}
1416
1417    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1418    const_iterator cbegin() const _NOEXCEPT
1419        {return begin();}
1420    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1421    const_iterator cend() const _NOEXCEPT
1422        {return end();}
1423    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1424    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const _NOEXCEPT
1425        {return rbegin();}
1426    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1427    const_reverse_iterator crend() const _NOEXCEPT
1428        {return rend();}
1429
1430    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY size_type size() const _NOEXCEPT
1431        {return __is_long() ? __get_long_size() : __get_short_size();}
1432    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY size_type length() const _NOEXCEPT {return size();}
1433    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY size_type max_size() const _NOEXCEPT;
1434    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY size_type capacity() const _NOEXCEPT
1435        {return (__is_long() ? __get_long_cap() : __min_cap) - 1;}
1436
1437    void resize(size_type __n, value_type __c);
1438    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void resize(size_type __n) {resize(__n, value_type());}
1439
1440    void reserve(size_type res_arg = 0);
1441    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1442    void shrink_to_fit() _NOEXCEPT {reserve();}
1443    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1444    void clear() _NOEXCEPT;
1445    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY bool empty() const _NOEXCEPT {return size() == 0;}
1446
1447    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY const_reference operator[](size_type __pos) const;
1448    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY reference       operator[](size_type __pos);
1449
1450    const_reference at(size_type __n) const;
1451    reference       at(size_type __n);
1452
1453    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string& operator+=(const basic_string& __str) {return append(__str);}
1454    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string& operator+=(const value_type* __s)         {return append(__s);}
1455    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string& operator+=(value_type __c)            {push_back(__c); return *this;}
1456#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1457    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY basic_string& operator+=(initializer_list<value_type> __il) {return append(__il);}
1458#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1459
1460    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1461    basic_string& append(const basic_string& __str);
1462    basic_string& append(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n=npos);
1463    basic_string& append(const value_type* __s, size_type __n);
1464    basic_string& append(const value_type* __s);
1465    basic_string& append(size_type __n, value_type __c);
1466    template<class _InputIterator>
1467        typename enable_if
1468        <
1469             __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
1470            !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
1471            basic_string&
1472        >::type
1473        append(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
1474    template<class _ForwardIterator>
1475        typename enable_if
1476        <
1477            __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
1478            basic_string&
1479        >::type
1480        append(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last);
1481#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1482    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1483    basic_string& append(initializer_list<value_type> __il) {return append(__il.begin(), __il.size());}
1484#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1485
1486    void push_back(value_type __c);
1487    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1488    void pop_back();
1489    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY reference       front();
1490    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY const_reference front() const;
1491    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY reference       back();
1492    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY const_reference back() const;
1493
1494    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1495    basic_string& assign(const basic_string& __str);
1496#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
1497    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1498    basic_string& assign(basic_string&& str)
1499        {*this = _VSTD::move(str); return *this;}
1500#endif
1501    basic_string& assign(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n=npos);
1502    basic_string& assign(const value_type* __s, size_type __n);
1503    basic_string& assign(const value_type* __s);
1504    basic_string& assign(size_type __n, value_type __c);
1505    template<class _InputIterator>
1506        typename enable_if
1507        <
1508             __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
1509            !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
1510            basic_string&
1511        >::type
1512        assign(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
1513    template<class _ForwardIterator>
1514        typename enable_if
1515        <
1516            __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
1517            basic_string&
1518        >::type
1519        assign(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last);
1520#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1521    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1522    basic_string& assign(initializer_list<value_type> __il) {return assign(__il.begin(), __il.size());}
1523#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1524
1525    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1526    basic_string& insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str);
1527    basic_string& insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos2, size_type __n=npos);
1528    basic_string& insert(size_type __pos, const value_type* __s, size_type __n);
1529    basic_string& insert(size_type __pos, const value_type* __s);
1530    basic_string& insert(size_type __pos, size_type __n, value_type __c);
1531    iterator      insert(const_iterator __pos, value_type __c);
1532    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1533    iterator      insert(const_iterator __pos, size_type __n, value_type __c);
1534    template<class _InputIterator>
1535        typename enable_if
1536        <
1537             __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
1538            !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
1539            iterator
1540        >::type
1541        insert(const_iterator __pos, _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
1542    template<class _ForwardIterator>
1543        typename enable_if
1544        <
1545            __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
1546            iterator
1547        >::type
1548        insert(const_iterator __pos, _ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last);
1549#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1550    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1551    iterator insert(const_iterator __pos, initializer_list<value_type> __il)
1552                    {return insert(__pos, __il.begin(), __il.end());}
1553#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1554
1555    basic_string& erase(size_type __pos = 0, size_type __n = npos);
1556    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1557    iterator      erase(const_iterator __pos);
1558    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1559    iterator      erase(const_iterator __first, const_iterator __last);
1560
1561    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1562    basic_string& replace(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str);
1563    basic_string& replace(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos2, size_type __n2=npos);
1564    basic_string& replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s, size_type __n2);
1565    basic_string& replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s);
1566    basic_string& replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, size_type __n2, value_type __c);
1567    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1568    basic_string& replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const basic_string& __str);
1569    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1570    basic_string& replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const value_type* __s, size_type __n);
1571    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1572    basic_string& replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const value_type* __s);
1573    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1574    basic_string& replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, size_type __n, value_type __c);
1575    template<class _InputIterator>
1576        typename enable_if
1577        <
1578            __is_input_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
1579            basic_string&
1580        >::type
1581        replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, _InputIterator __j1, _InputIterator __j2);
1582#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1583    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1584    basic_string& replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, initializer_list<value_type> __il)
1585        {return replace(__i1, __i2, __il.begin(), __il.end());}
1586#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
1587
1588    size_type copy(value_type* __s, size_type __n, size_type __pos = 0) const;
1589    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1590    basic_string substr(size_type __pos = 0, size_type __n = npos) const;
1591
1592    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1593    void swap(basic_string& __str)
1594        _NOEXCEPT_(!__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
1595                   __is_nothrow_swappable<allocator_type>::value);
1596
1597    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1598    const value_type* c_str() const _NOEXCEPT {return data();}
1599    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1600    const value_type* data() const _NOEXCEPT  {return _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());}
1601
1602    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1603    allocator_type get_allocator() const _NOEXCEPT {return __alloc();}
1604
1605    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1606    size_type find(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1607    size_type find(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1608    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1609    size_type find(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1610    size_type find(value_type __c, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1611
1612    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1613    size_type rfind(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1614    size_type rfind(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1615    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1616    size_type rfind(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1617    size_type rfind(value_type __c, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1618
1619    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1620    size_type find_first_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1621    size_type find_first_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1622    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1623    size_type find_first_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1624    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1625    size_type find_first_of(value_type __c, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1626
1627    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1628    size_type find_last_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1629    size_type find_last_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1630    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1631    size_type find_last_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1632    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1633    size_type find_last_of(value_type __c, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1634
1635    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1636    size_type find_first_not_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1637    size_type find_first_not_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1638    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1639    size_type find_first_not_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1640    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1641    size_type find_first_not_of(value_type __c, size_type __pos = 0) const _NOEXCEPT;
1642
1643    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1644    size_type find_last_not_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1645    size_type find_last_not_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT;
1646    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1647    size_type find_last_not_of(const value_type* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1648    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1649    size_type find_last_not_of(value_type __c, size_type __pos = npos) const _NOEXCEPT;
1650
1651    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1652    int compare(const basic_string& __str) const _NOEXCEPT;
1653    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1654    int compare(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str) const;
1655    int compare(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos2, size_type __n2=npos) const;
1656    int compare(const value_type* __s) const _NOEXCEPT;
1657    int compare(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s) const;
1658    int compare(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s, size_type __n2) const;
1659
1660    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY bool __invariants() const;
1661
1662    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1663    bool __is_long() const _NOEXCEPT
1664        {return bool(__r_.first().__s.__size_ & __short_mask);}
1665
1666#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1667
1668    bool __dereferenceable(const const_iterator* __i) const;
1669    bool __decrementable(const const_iterator* __i) const;
1670    bool __addable(const const_iterator* __i, ptrdiff_t __n) const;
1671    bool __subscriptable(const const_iterator* __i, ptrdiff_t __n) const;
1672
1673#endif  // _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1674
1675private:
1676    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1677    allocator_type& __alloc() _NOEXCEPT
1678        {return __r_.second();}
1679    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1680    const allocator_type& __alloc() const _NOEXCEPT
1681        {return __r_.second();}
1682
1683#ifdef _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1684
1685    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1686    void __set_short_size(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1687#   if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1688        {__r_.first().__s.__size_ = (unsigned char)(__s << 1);}
1689#   else
1690        {__r_.first().__s.__size_ = (unsigned char)(__s);}
1691#   endif
1692
1693    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1694    size_type __get_short_size() const _NOEXCEPT
1695#   if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1696        {return __r_.first().__s.__size_ >> 1;}
1697#   else
1698        {return __r_.first().__s.__size_;}
1699#   endif
1700
1701#else  // _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1702
1703    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1704    void __set_short_size(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1705#   if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1706        {__r_.first().__s.__size_ = (unsigned char)(__s);}
1707#   else
1708        {__r_.first().__s.__size_ = (unsigned char)(__s << 1);}
1709#   endif
1710
1711    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1712    size_type __get_short_size() const _NOEXCEPT
1713#   if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
1714        {return __r_.first().__s.__size_;}
1715#   else
1716        {return __r_.first().__s.__size_ >> 1;}
1717#   endif
1718
1719#endif  // _LIBCPP_ALTERNATE_STRING_LAYOUT
1720
1721    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1722    void __set_long_size(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1723        {__r_.first().__l.__size_ = __s;}
1724    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1725    size_type __get_long_size() const _NOEXCEPT
1726        {return __r_.first().__l.__size_;}
1727    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1728    void __set_size(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1729        {if (__is_long()) __set_long_size(__s); else __set_short_size(__s);}
1730
1731    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1732    void __set_long_cap(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1733        {__r_.first().__l.__cap_  = __long_mask | __s;}
1734    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1735    size_type __get_long_cap() const _NOEXCEPT
1736        {return __r_.first().__l.__cap_ & size_type(~__long_mask);}
1737
1738    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1739    void __set_long_pointer(pointer __p) _NOEXCEPT
1740        {__r_.first().__l.__data_ = __p;}
1741    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1742    pointer __get_long_pointer() _NOEXCEPT
1743        {return __r_.first().__l.__data_;}
1744    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1745    const_pointer __get_long_pointer() const _NOEXCEPT
1746        {return __r_.first().__l.__data_;}
1747    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1748    pointer __get_short_pointer() _NOEXCEPT
1749        {return pointer_traits<pointer>::pointer_to(__r_.first().__s.__data_[0]);}
1750    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1751    const_pointer __get_short_pointer() const _NOEXCEPT
1752        {return pointer_traits<const_pointer>::pointer_to(__r_.first().__s.__data_[0]);}
1753    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1754    pointer __get_pointer() _NOEXCEPT
1755        {return __is_long() ? __get_long_pointer() : __get_short_pointer();}
1756    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1757    const_pointer __get_pointer() const _NOEXCEPT
1758        {return __is_long() ? __get_long_pointer() : __get_short_pointer();}
1759
1760    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1761    void __zero() _NOEXCEPT
1762        {
1763            size_type (&__a)[__n_words] = __r_.first().__r.__words;
1764            for (unsigned __i = 0; __i < __n_words; ++__i)
1765                __a[__i] = 0;
1766        }
1767
1768    template <size_type __a> static
1769        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1770        size_type __align_it(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1771            {return __s + (__a-1) & ~(__a-1);}
1772    enum {__alignment = 16};
1773    static _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1774    size_type __recommend(size_type __s) _NOEXCEPT
1775        {return (__s < __min_cap ? __min_cap :
1776                 __align_it<sizeof(value_type) < __alignment ?
1777                            __alignment/sizeof(value_type) : 1 > (__s+1)) - 1;}
1778
1779    void __init(const value_type* __s, size_type __sz, size_type __reserve);
1780    void __init(const value_type* __s, size_type __sz);
1781    void __init(size_type __n, value_type __c);
1782
1783    template <class _InputIterator>
1784    typename enable_if
1785    <
1786         __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
1787        !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
1788        void
1789    >::type
1790    __init(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
1791
1792    template <class _ForwardIterator>
1793    typename enable_if
1794    <
1795        __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
1796        void
1797    >::type
1798    __init(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last);
1799
1800    void __grow_by(size_type __old_cap, size_type __delta_cap, size_type __old_sz,
1801                   size_type __n_copy,  size_type __n_del,     size_type __n_add = 0);
1802    void __grow_by_and_replace(size_type __old_cap, size_type __delta_cap, size_type __old_sz,
1803                               size_type __n_copy,  size_type __n_del,
1804                               size_type __n_add, const value_type* __p_new_stuff);
1805
1806    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1807    void __erase_to_end(size_type __pos);
1808
1809    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1810    void __copy_assign_alloc(const basic_string& __str)
1811        {__copy_assign_alloc(__str, integral_constant<bool,
1812                      __alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_copy_assignment::value>());}
1813
1814    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1815    void __copy_assign_alloc(const basic_string& __str, true_type)
1816        {
1817            if (__alloc() != __str.__alloc())
1818            {
1819                clear();
1820                shrink_to_fit();
1821            }
1822            __alloc() = __str.__alloc();
1823        }
1824
1825    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1826    void __copy_assign_alloc(const basic_string&, false_type) _NOEXCEPT
1827        {}
1828
1829#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
1830    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1831    void __move_assign(basic_string& __str, false_type);
1832    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1833    void __move_assign(basic_string& __str, true_type)
1834        _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value);
1835#endif
1836
1837    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1838    void
1839    __move_assign_alloc(basic_string& __str)
1840        _NOEXCEPT_(
1841            !__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value ||
1842            is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value)
1843    {__move_assign_alloc(__str, integral_constant<bool,
1844                      __alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value>());}
1845
1846    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1847    void __move_assign_alloc(basic_string& __c, true_type)
1848        _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value)
1849        {
1850            __alloc() = _VSTD::move(__c.__alloc());
1851        }
1852
1853    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1854    void __move_assign_alloc(basic_string&, false_type)
1855        _NOEXCEPT
1856        {}
1857
1858    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1859    static void __swap_alloc(allocator_type& __x, allocator_type& __y)
1860        _NOEXCEPT_(!__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
1861                   __is_nothrow_swappable<allocator_type>::value)
1862        {__swap_alloc(__x, __y, integral_constant<bool,
1863                      __alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_swap::value>());}
1864
1865    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1866    static void __swap_alloc(allocator_type& __x, allocator_type& __y, true_type)
1867        _NOEXCEPT_(__is_nothrow_swappable<allocator_type>::value)
1868        {
1869            using _VSTD::swap;
1870            swap(__x, __y);
1871        }
1872    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1873    static void __swap_alloc(allocator_type&, allocator_type&, false_type) _NOEXCEPT
1874        {}
1875
1876    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void __invalidate_all_iterators();
1877    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void __invalidate_iterators_past(size_type);
1878
1879    friend basic_string operator+<>(const basic_string&, const basic_string&);
1880    friend basic_string operator+<>(const value_type*, const basic_string&);
1881    friend basic_string operator+<>(value_type, const basic_string&);
1882    friend basic_string operator+<>(const basic_string&, const value_type*);
1883    friend basic_string operator+<>(const basic_string&, value_type);
1884};
1885
1886template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1887inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1888void
1889basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__invalidate_all_iterators()
1890{
1891#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1892    __get_db()->__invalidate_all(this);
1893#endif  // _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1894}
1895
1896template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1897inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1898void
1899basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__invalidate_iterators_past(size_type
1900#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1901                                                                        __pos
1902#endif
1903                                                                      )
1904{
1905#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1906    __c_node* __c = __get_db()->__find_c_and_lock(this);
1907    if (__c)
1908    {
1909        const_pointer __new_last = __get_pointer() + __pos;
1910        for (__i_node** __p = __c->end_; __p != __c->beg_; )
1911        {
1912            --__p;
1913            const_iterator* __i = static_cast<const_iterator*>((*__p)->__i_);
1914            if (__i->base() > __new_last)
1915            {
1916                (*__p)->__c_ = nullptr;
1917                if (--__c->end_ != __p)
1918                    memmove(__p, __p+1, (__c->end_ - __p)*sizeof(__i_node*));
1919            }
1920        }
1921        __get_db()->unlock();
1922    }
1923#endif  // _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1924}
1925
1926template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1927inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1928basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string()
1929    _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_default_constructible<allocator_type>::value)
1930{
1931#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1932    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
1933#endif
1934    __zero();
1935}
1936
1937template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1938inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1939basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const allocator_type& __a)
1940    : __r_(__a)
1941{
1942#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
1943    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
1944#endif
1945    __zero();
1946}
1947
1948template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1949void
1950basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__init(const value_type* __s, size_type __sz, size_type __reserve)
1951{
1952    if (__reserve > max_size())
1953        this->__throw_length_error();
1954    pointer __p;
1955    if (__reserve < __min_cap)
1956    {
1957        __set_short_size(__sz);
1958        __p = __get_short_pointer();
1959    }
1960    else
1961    {
1962        size_type __cap = __recommend(__reserve);
1963        __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
1964        __set_long_pointer(__p);
1965        __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
1966        __set_long_size(__sz);
1967    }
1968    traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p), __s, __sz);
1969    traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
1970}
1971
1972template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1973void
1974basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__init(const value_type* __s, size_type __sz)
1975{
1976    if (__sz > max_size())
1977        this->__throw_length_error();
1978    pointer __p;
1979    if (__sz < __min_cap)
1980    {
1981        __set_short_size(__sz);
1982        __p = __get_short_pointer();
1983    }
1984    else
1985    {
1986        size_type __cap = __recommend(__sz);
1987        __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
1988        __set_long_pointer(__p);
1989        __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
1990        __set_long_size(__sz);
1991    }
1992    traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p), __s, __sz);
1993    traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
1994}
1995
1996template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
1997inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1998basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const value_type* __s)
1999{
2000    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "basic_string(const char*) detected nullptr");
2001    __init(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
2002#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2003    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2004#endif
2005}
2006
2007template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2008inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2009basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const value_type* __s, const allocator_type& __a)
2010    : __r_(__a)
2011{
2012    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "basic_string(const char*, allocator) detected nullptr");
2013    __init(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
2014#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2015    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2016#endif
2017}
2018
2019template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2020inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2021basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const value_type* __s, size_type __n)
2022{
2023    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "basic_string(const char*, n) detected nullptr");
2024    __init(__s, __n);
2025#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2026    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2027#endif
2028}
2029
2030template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2031inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2032basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const value_type* __s, size_type __n, const allocator_type& __a)
2033    : __r_(__a)
2034{
2035    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "basic_string(const char*, n, allocator) detected nullptr");
2036    __init(__s, __n);
2037#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2038    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2039#endif
2040}
2041
2042template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2043basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const basic_string& __str)
2044    : __r_(__alloc_traits::select_on_container_copy_construction(__str.__alloc()))
2045{
2046    if (!__str.__is_long())
2047        __r_.first().__r = __str.__r_.first().__r;
2048    else
2049        __init(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__str.__get_long_pointer()), __str.__get_long_size());
2050#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2051    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2052#endif
2053}
2054
2055template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2056basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const basic_string& __str, const allocator_type& __a)
2057    : __r_(__a)
2058{
2059    if (!__str.__is_long())
2060        __r_.first().__r = __str.__r_.first().__r;
2061    else
2062        __init(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__str.__get_long_pointer()), __str.__get_long_size());
2063#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2064    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2065#endif
2066}
2067
2068#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
2069
2070template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2071inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2072basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(basic_string&& __str)
2073        _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_move_constructible<allocator_type>::value)
2074    : __r_(_VSTD::move(__str.__r_))
2075{
2076    __str.__zero();
2077#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2078    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2079    if (__is_long())
2080        __get_db()->swap(this, &__str);
2081#endif
2082}
2083
2084template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2085inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2086basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(basic_string&& __str, const allocator_type& __a)
2087    : __r_(__a)
2088{
2089    if (__str.__is_long() && __a != __str.__alloc()) // copy, not move
2090        __init(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__str.__get_long_pointer()), __str.__get_long_size());
2091    else
2092    {
2093        __r_.first().__r = __str.__r_.first().__r;
2094        __str.__zero();
2095    }
2096#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2097    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2098    if (__is_long())
2099        __get_db()->swap(this, &__str);
2100#endif
2101}
2102
2103#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
2104
2105template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2106void
2107basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__init(size_type __n, value_type __c)
2108{
2109    if (__n > max_size())
2110        this->__throw_length_error();
2111    pointer __p;
2112    if (__n < __min_cap)
2113    {
2114        __set_short_size(__n);
2115        __p = __get_short_pointer();
2116    }
2117    else
2118    {
2119        size_type __cap = __recommend(__n);
2120        __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
2121        __set_long_pointer(__p);
2122        __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
2123        __set_long_size(__n);
2124    }
2125    traits_type::assign(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p), __n, __c);
2126    traits_type::assign(__p[__n], value_type());
2127}
2128
2129template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2130inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2131basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(size_type __n, value_type __c)
2132{
2133    __init(__n, __c);
2134#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2135    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2136#endif
2137}
2138
2139template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2140inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2141basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(size_type __n, value_type __c, const allocator_type& __a)
2142    : __r_(__a)
2143{
2144    __init(__n, __c);
2145#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2146    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2147#endif
2148}
2149
2150template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2151basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n,
2152                                                        const allocator_type& __a)
2153    : __r_(__a)
2154{
2155    size_type __str_sz = __str.size();
2156    if (__pos > __str_sz)
2157        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2158    __init(__str.data() + __pos, _VSTD::min(__n, __str_sz - __pos));
2159#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2160    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2161#endif
2162}
2163
2164template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2165template <class _InputIterator>
2166typename enable_if
2167<
2168     __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
2169    !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
2170    void
2171>::type
2172basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__init(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
2173{
2174    __zero();
2175#ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
2176    try
2177    {
2178#endif  // _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
2179    for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
2180        push_back(*__first);
2181#ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
2182    }
2183    catch (...)
2184    {
2185        if (__is_long())
2186            __alloc_traits::deallocate(__alloc(), __get_long_pointer(), __get_long_cap());
2187        throw;
2188    }
2189#endif  // _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
2190}
2191
2192template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2193template <class _ForwardIterator>
2194typename enable_if
2195<
2196    __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
2197    void
2198>::type
2199basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__init(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
2200{
2201    size_type __sz = static_cast<size_type>(_VSTD::distance(__first, __last));
2202    if (__sz > max_size())
2203        this->__throw_length_error();
2204    pointer __p;
2205    if (__sz < __min_cap)
2206    {
2207        __set_short_size(__sz);
2208        __p = __get_short_pointer();
2209    }
2210    else
2211    {
2212        size_type __cap = __recommend(__sz);
2213        __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
2214        __set_long_pointer(__p);
2215        __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
2216        __set_long_size(__sz);
2217    }
2218    for (; __first != __last; ++__first, (void) ++__p)
2219        traits_type::assign(*__p, *__first);
2220    traits_type::assign(*__p, value_type());
2221}
2222
2223template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2224template<class _InputIterator>
2225inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2226basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
2227{
2228    __init(__first, __last);
2229#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2230    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2231#endif
2232}
2233
2234template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2235template<class _InputIterator>
2236inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2237basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
2238                                                        const allocator_type& __a)
2239    : __r_(__a)
2240{
2241    __init(__first, __last);
2242#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2243    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2244#endif
2245}
2246
2247#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
2248
2249template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2250inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2251basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(initializer_list<value_type> __il)
2252{
2253    __init(__il.begin(), __il.end());
2254#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2255    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2256#endif
2257}
2258
2259template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2260inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2261basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::basic_string(initializer_list<value_type> __il, const allocator_type& __a)
2262    : __r_(__a)
2263{
2264    __init(__il.begin(), __il.end());
2265#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2266    __get_db()->__insert_c(this);
2267#endif
2268}
2269
2270#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
2271
2272template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2273basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::~basic_string()
2274{
2275#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2276    __get_db()->__erase_c(this);
2277#endif
2278    if (__is_long())
2279        __alloc_traits::deallocate(__alloc(), __get_long_pointer(), __get_long_cap());
2280}
2281
2282template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2283void
2284basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__grow_by_and_replace
2285    (size_type __old_cap, size_type __delta_cap, size_type __old_sz,
2286     size_type __n_copy,  size_type __n_del,     size_type __n_add, const value_type* __p_new_stuff)
2287{
2288    size_type __ms = max_size();
2289    if (__delta_cap > __ms - __old_cap - 1)
2290        this->__throw_length_error();
2291    pointer __old_p = __get_pointer();
2292    size_type __cap = __old_cap < __ms / 2 - __alignment ?
2293                          __recommend(_VSTD::max(__old_cap + __delta_cap, 2 * __old_cap)) :
2294                          __ms - 1;
2295    pointer __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
2296    __invalidate_all_iterators();
2297    if (__n_copy != 0)
2298        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p),
2299                          _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__old_p), __n_copy);
2300    if (__n_add != 0)
2301        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p) + __n_copy, __p_new_stuff, __n_add);
2302    size_type __sec_cp_sz = __old_sz - __n_del - __n_copy;
2303    if (__sec_cp_sz != 0)
2304        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p) + __n_copy + __n_add,
2305                          _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__old_p) + __n_copy + __n_del, __sec_cp_sz);
2306    if (__old_cap+1 != __min_cap)
2307        __alloc_traits::deallocate(__alloc(), __old_p, __old_cap+1);
2308    __set_long_pointer(__p);
2309    __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
2310    __old_sz = __n_copy + __n_add + __sec_cp_sz;
2311    __set_long_size(__old_sz);
2312    traits_type::assign(__p[__old_sz], value_type());
2313}
2314
2315template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2316void
2317basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__grow_by(size_type __old_cap, size_type __delta_cap, size_type __old_sz,
2318                                                     size_type __n_copy,  size_type __n_del,     size_type __n_add)
2319{
2320    size_type __ms = max_size();
2321    if (__delta_cap > __ms - __old_cap)
2322        this->__throw_length_error();
2323    pointer __old_p = __get_pointer();
2324    size_type __cap = __old_cap < __ms / 2 - __alignment ?
2325                          __recommend(_VSTD::max(__old_cap + __delta_cap, 2 * __old_cap)) :
2326                          __ms - 1;
2327    pointer __p = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __cap+1);
2328    __invalidate_all_iterators();
2329    if (__n_copy != 0)
2330        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p),
2331                          _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__old_p), __n_copy);
2332    size_type __sec_cp_sz = __old_sz - __n_del - __n_copy;
2333    if (__sec_cp_sz != 0)
2334        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p) + __n_copy + __n_add,
2335                          _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__old_p) + __n_copy + __n_del,
2336                          __sec_cp_sz);
2337    if (__old_cap+1 != __min_cap)
2338        __alloc_traits::deallocate(__alloc(), __old_p, __old_cap+1);
2339    __set_long_pointer(__p);
2340    __set_long_cap(__cap+1);
2341}
2342
2343// assign
2344
2345template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2346basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2347basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(const value_type* __s, size_type __n)
2348{
2349    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::assign received nullptr");
2350    size_type __cap = capacity();
2351    if (__cap >= __n)
2352    {
2353        value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2354        traits_type::move(__p, __s, __n);
2355        traits_type::assign(__p[__n], value_type());
2356        __set_size(__n);
2357        __invalidate_iterators_past(__n);
2358    }
2359    else
2360    {
2361        size_type __sz = size();
2362        __grow_by_and_replace(__cap, __n - __cap, __sz, 0, __sz, __n, __s);
2363    }
2364    return *this;
2365}
2366
2367template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2368basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2369basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(size_type __n, value_type __c)
2370{
2371    size_type __cap = capacity();
2372    if (__cap < __n)
2373    {
2374        size_type __sz = size();
2375        __grow_by(__cap, __n - __cap, __sz, 0, __sz);
2376    }
2377    else
2378        __invalidate_iterators_past(__n);
2379    value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2380    traits_type::assign(__p, __n, __c);
2381    traits_type::assign(__p[__n], value_type());
2382    __set_size(__n);
2383    return *this;
2384}
2385
2386template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2387basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2388basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::operator=(value_type __c)
2389{
2390    pointer __p;
2391    if (__is_long())
2392    {
2393        __p = __get_long_pointer();
2394        __set_long_size(1);
2395    }
2396    else
2397    {
2398        __p = __get_short_pointer();
2399        __set_short_size(1);
2400    }
2401    traits_type::assign(*__p, __c);
2402    traits_type::assign(*++__p, value_type());
2403    __invalidate_iterators_past(1);
2404    return *this;
2405}
2406
2407template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2408basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2409basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::operator=(const basic_string& __str)
2410{
2411    if (this != &__str)
2412    {
2413        __copy_assign_alloc(__str);
2414        assign(__str);
2415    }
2416    return *this;
2417}
2418
2419#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
2420
2421template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2422inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2423void
2424basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__move_assign(basic_string& __str, false_type)
2425{
2426    if (__alloc() != __str.__alloc())
2427        assign(__str);
2428    else
2429        __move_assign(__str, true_type());
2430}
2431
2432template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2433inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2434void
2435basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__move_assign(basic_string& __str, true_type)
2436    _NOEXCEPT_(is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value)
2437{
2438    clear();
2439    shrink_to_fit();
2440    __r_.first() = __str.__r_.first();
2441    __move_assign_alloc(__str);
2442    __str.__zero();
2443}
2444
2445template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2446inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2447basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2448basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::operator=(basic_string&& __str)
2449    _NOEXCEPT_(__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value &&
2450               is_nothrow_move_assignable<allocator_type>::value)
2451{
2452    __move_assign(__str, integral_constant<bool,
2453          __alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value>());
2454    return *this;
2455}
2456
2457#endif
2458
2459template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2460template<class _InputIterator>
2461typename enable_if
2462<
2463     __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
2464    !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
2465    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2466>::type
2467basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
2468{
2469    clear();
2470    for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
2471        push_back(*__first);
2472    return *this;
2473}
2474
2475template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2476template<class _ForwardIterator>
2477typename enable_if
2478<
2479    __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
2480    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2481>::type
2482basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
2483{
2484    size_type __n = static_cast<size_type>(_VSTD::distance(__first, __last));
2485    size_type __cap = capacity();
2486    if (__cap < __n)
2487    {
2488        size_type __sz = size();
2489        __grow_by(__cap, __n - __cap, __sz, 0, __sz);
2490    }
2491    else
2492        __invalidate_iterators_past(__n);
2493    pointer __p = __get_pointer();
2494    for (; __first != __last; ++__first, ++__p)
2495        traits_type::assign(*__p, *__first);
2496    traits_type::assign(*__p, value_type());
2497    __set_size(__n);
2498    return *this;
2499}
2500
2501template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2502inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2503basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2504basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(const basic_string& __str)
2505{
2506    return assign(__str.data(), __str.size());
2507}
2508
2509template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2510basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2511basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n)
2512{
2513    size_type __sz = __str.size();
2514    if (__pos > __sz)
2515        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2516    return assign(__str.data() + __pos, _VSTD::min(__n, __sz - __pos));
2517}
2518
2519template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2520basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2521basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::assign(const value_type* __s)
2522{
2523    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::assign received nullptr");
2524    return assign(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
2525}
2526
2527// append
2528
2529template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2530basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2531basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(const value_type* __s, size_type __n)
2532{
2533    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::append received nullptr");
2534    size_type __cap = capacity();
2535    size_type __sz = size();
2536    if (__cap - __sz >= __n)
2537    {
2538        if (__n)
2539        {
2540            value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2541            traits_type::copy(__p + __sz, __s, __n);
2542            __sz += __n;
2543            __set_size(__sz);
2544            traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2545        }
2546    }
2547    else
2548        __grow_by_and_replace(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __sz, 0, __n, __s);
2549    return *this;
2550}
2551
2552template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2553basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2554basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(size_type __n, value_type __c)
2555{
2556    if (__n)
2557    {
2558        size_type __cap = capacity();
2559        size_type __sz = size();
2560        if (__cap - __sz < __n)
2561            __grow_by(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __sz, 0);
2562        pointer __p = __get_pointer();
2563        traits_type::assign(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p) + __sz, __n, __c);
2564        __sz += __n;
2565        __set_size(__sz);
2566        traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2567    }
2568    return *this;
2569}
2570
2571template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2572void
2573basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::push_back(value_type __c)
2574{
2575    bool __is_short = !__is_long();
2576    size_type __cap;
2577    size_type __sz;
2578    if (__is_short)
2579    {
2580        __cap = __min_cap - 1;
2581        __sz = __get_short_size();
2582    }
2583    else
2584    {
2585        __cap = __get_long_cap() - 1;
2586        __sz = __get_long_size();
2587    }
2588    if (__sz == __cap)
2589    {
2590        __grow_by(__cap, 1, __sz, __sz, 0);
2591        __is_short = !__is_long();
2592    }
2593    pointer __p;
2594    if (__is_short)
2595    {
2596        __p = __get_short_pointer() + __sz;
2597        __set_short_size(__sz+1);
2598    }
2599    else
2600    {
2601        __p = __get_long_pointer() + __sz;
2602        __set_long_size(__sz+1);
2603    }
2604    traits_type::assign(*__p, __c);
2605    traits_type::assign(*++__p, value_type());
2606}
2607
2608template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2609template<class _InputIterator>
2610typename enable_if
2611<
2612     __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
2613    !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
2614    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2615>::type
2616basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
2617{
2618    for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
2619        push_back(*__first);
2620    return *this;
2621}
2622
2623template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2624template<class _ForwardIterator>
2625typename enable_if
2626<
2627    __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
2628    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2629>::type
2630basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
2631{
2632    size_type __sz = size();
2633    size_type __cap = capacity();
2634    size_type __n = static_cast<size_type>(_VSTD::distance(__first, __last));
2635    if (__n)
2636    {
2637        if (__cap - __sz < __n)
2638            __grow_by(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __sz, 0);
2639        pointer __p = __get_pointer() + __sz;
2640        for (; __first != __last; ++__p, ++__first)
2641            traits_type::assign(*__p, *__first);
2642        traits_type::assign(*__p, value_type());
2643        __set_size(__sz + __n);
2644    }
2645    return *this;
2646}
2647
2648template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2649inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2650basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2651basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(const basic_string& __str)
2652{
2653    return append(__str.data(), __str.size());
2654}
2655
2656template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2657basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2658basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n)
2659{
2660    size_type __sz = __str.size();
2661    if (__pos > __sz)
2662        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2663    return append(__str.data() + __pos, _VSTD::min(__n, __sz - __pos));
2664}
2665
2666template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2667basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2668basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::append(const value_type* __s)
2669{
2670    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::append received nullptr");
2671    return append(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
2672}
2673
2674// insert
2675
2676template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2677basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2678basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(size_type __pos, const value_type* __s, size_type __n)
2679{
2680    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::insert received nullptr");
2681    size_type __sz = size();
2682    if (__pos > __sz)
2683        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2684    size_type __cap = capacity();
2685    if (__cap - __sz >= __n)
2686    {
2687        if (__n)
2688        {
2689            value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2690            size_type __n_move = __sz - __pos;
2691            if (__n_move != 0)
2692            {
2693                if (__p + __pos <= __s && __s < __p + __sz)
2694                    __s += __n;
2695                traits_type::move(__p + __pos + __n, __p + __pos, __n_move);
2696            }
2697            traits_type::move(__p + __pos, __s, __n);
2698            __sz += __n;
2699            __set_size(__sz);
2700            traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2701        }
2702    }
2703    else
2704        __grow_by_and_replace(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __pos, 0, __n, __s);
2705    return *this;
2706}
2707
2708template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2709basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2710basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(size_type __pos, size_type __n, value_type __c)
2711{
2712    size_type __sz = size();
2713    if (__pos > __sz)
2714        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2715    if (__n)
2716    {
2717        size_type __cap = capacity();
2718        value_type* __p;
2719        if (__cap - __sz >= __n)
2720        {
2721            __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2722            size_type __n_move = __sz - __pos;
2723            if (__n_move != 0)
2724                traits_type::move(__p + __pos + __n, __p + __pos, __n_move);
2725        }
2726        else
2727        {
2728            __grow_by(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __pos, 0, __n);
2729            __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_long_pointer());
2730        }
2731        traits_type::assign(__p + __pos, __n, __c);
2732        __sz += __n;
2733        __set_size(__sz);
2734        traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2735    }
2736    return *this;
2737}
2738
2739template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2740template<class _InputIterator>
2741typename enable_if
2742<
2743     __is_input_iterator  <_InputIterator>::value &&
2744    !__is_forward_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
2745    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
2746>::type
2747basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(const_iterator __pos, _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
2748{
2749#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2750    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__get_const_db()->__find_c_from_i(&__pos) == this,
2751        "string::insert(iterator, range) called with an iterator not"
2752        " referring to this string");
2753#endif
2754    size_type __old_sz = size();
2755    difference_type __ip = __pos - begin();
2756    for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
2757        push_back(*__first);
2758    pointer __p = __get_pointer();
2759    _VSTD::rotate(__p + __ip, __p + __old_sz, __p + size());
2760#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2761    return iterator(this, __p + __ip);
2762#else
2763    return iterator(__p + __ip);
2764#endif
2765}
2766
2767template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2768template<class _ForwardIterator>
2769typename enable_if
2770<
2771    __is_forward_iterator<_ForwardIterator>::value,
2772    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
2773>::type
2774basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(const_iterator __pos, _ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
2775{
2776#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2777    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__get_const_db()->__find_c_from_i(&__pos) == this,
2778        "string::insert(iterator, range) called with an iterator not"
2779        " referring to this string");
2780#endif
2781    size_type __ip = static_cast<size_type>(__pos - begin());
2782    size_type __sz = size();
2783    size_type __cap = capacity();
2784    size_type __n = static_cast<size_type>(_VSTD::distance(__first, __last));
2785    if (__n)
2786    {
2787        value_type* __p;
2788        if (__cap - __sz >= __n)
2789        {
2790            __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2791            size_type __n_move = __sz - __ip;
2792            if (__n_move != 0)
2793                traits_type::move(__p + __ip + __n, __p + __ip, __n_move);
2794        }
2795        else
2796        {
2797            __grow_by(__cap, __sz + __n - __cap, __sz, __ip, 0, __n);
2798            __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_long_pointer());
2799        }
2800        __sz += __n;
2801        __set_size(__sz);
2802        traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2803        for (__p += __ip; __first != __last; ++__p, ++__first)
2804            traits_type::assign(*__p, *__first);
2805    }
2806    return begin() + __ip;
2807}
2808
2809template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2810inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2811basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2812basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str)
2813{
2814    return insert(__pos1, __str.data(), __str.size());
2815}
2816
2817template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2818basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2819basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str,
2820                                                  size_type __pos2, size_type __n)
2821{
2822    size_type __str_sz = __str.size();
2823    if (__pos2 > __str_sz)
2824        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2825    return insert(__pos1, __str.data() + __pos2, _VSTD::min(__n, __str_sz - __pos2));
2826}
2827
2828template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2829basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2830basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(size_type __pos, const value_type* __s)
2831{
2832    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::insert received nullptr");
2833    return insert(__pos, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
2834}
2835
2836template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2837typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
2838basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(const_iterator __pos, value_type __c)
2839{
2840    size_type __ip = static_cast<size_type>(__pos - begin());
2841    size_type __sz = size();
2842    size_type __cap = capacity();
2843    value_type* __p;
2844    if (__cap == __sz)
2845    {
2846        __grow_by(__cap, 1, __sz, __ip, 0, 1);
2847        __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_long_pointer());
2848    }
2849    else
2850    {
2851        __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2852        size_type __n_move = __sz - __ip;
2853        if (__n_move != 0)
2854            traits_type::move(__p + __ip + 1, __p + __ip, __n_move);
2855    }
2856    traits_type::assign(__p[__ip], __c);
2857    traits_type::assign(__p[++__sz], value_type());
2858    __set_size(__sz);
2859    return begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(__ip);
2860}
2861
2862template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2863inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2864typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
2865basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::insert(const_iterator __pos, size_type __n, value_type __c)
2866{
2867#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
2868    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__get_const_db()->__find_c_from_i(&__pos) == this,
2869        "string::insert(iterator, n, value) called with an iterator not"
2870        " referring to this string");
2871#endif
2872    difference_type __p = __pos - begin();
2873    insert(static_cast<size_type>(__p), __n, __c);
2874    return begin() + __p;
2875}
2876
2877// replace
2878
2879template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2880basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2881basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s, size_type __n2)
2882{
2883    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n2 == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::replace received nullptr");
2884    size_type __sz = size();
2885    if (__pos > __sz)
2886        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2887    __n1 = _VSTD::min(__n1, __sz - __pos);
2888    size_type __cap = capacity();
2889    if (__cap - __sz + __n1 >= __n2)
2890    {
2891        value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2892        if (__n1 != __n2)
2893        {
2894            size_type __n_move = __sz - __pos - __n1;
2895            if (__n_move != 0)
2896            {
2897                if (__n1 > __n2)
2898                {
2899                    traits_type::move(__p + __pos, __s, __n2);
2900                    traits_type::move(__p + __pos + __n2, __p + __pos + __n1, __n_move);
2901                    goto __finish;
2902                }
2903                if (__p + __pos < __s && __s < __p + __sz)
2904                {
2905                    if (__p + __pos + __n1 <= __s)
2906                        __s += __n2 - __n1;
2907                    else // __p + __pos < __s < __p + __pos + __n1
2908                    {
2909                        traits_type::move(__p + __pos, __s, __n1);
2910                        __pos += __n1;
2911                        __s += __n2;
2912                        __n2 -= __n1;
2913                        __n1 = 0;
2914                    }
2915                }
2916                traits_type::move(__p + __pos + __n2, __p + __pos + __n1, __n_move);
2917            }
2918        }
2919        traits_type::move(__p + __pos, __s, __n2);
2920__finish:
2921        __sz += __n2 - __n1;
2922        __set_size(__sz);
2923        __invalidate_iterators_past(__sz);
2924        traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2925    }
2926    else
2927        __grow_by_and_replace(__cap, __sz - __n1 + __n2 - __cap, __sz, __pos, __n1, __n2, __s);
2928    return *this;
2929}
2930
2931template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2932basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2933basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, size_type __n2, value_type __c)
2934{
2935    size_type __sz = size();
2936    if (__pos > __sz)
2937        this->__throw_out_of_range();
2938    __n1 = _VSTD::min(__n1, __sz - __pos);
2939    size_type __cap = capacity();
2940    value_type* __p;
2941    if (__cap - __sz + __n1 >= __n2)
2942    {
2943        __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
2944        if (__n1 != __n2)
2945        {
2946            size_type __n_move = __sz - __pos - __n1;
2947            if (__n_move != 0)
2948                traits_type::move(__p + __pos + __n2, __p + __pos + __n1, __n_move);
2949        }
2950    }
2951    else
2952    {
2953        __grow_by(__cap, __sz - __n1 + __n2 - __cap, __sz, __pos, __n1, __n2);
2954        __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_long_pointer());
2955    }
2956    traits_type::assign(__p + __pos, __n2, __c);
2957    __sz += __n2 - __n1;
2958    __set_size(__sz);
2959    __invalidate_iterators_past(__sz);
2960    traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
2961    return *this;
2962}
2963
2964template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2965template<class _InputIterator>
2966typename enable_if
2967<
2968    __is_input_iterator<_InputIterator>::value,
2969    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2970>::type
2971basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2,
2972                                                   _InputIterator __j1, _InputIterator __j2)
2973{
2974    for (; true; ++__i1, ++__j1)
2975    {
2976        if (__i1 == __i2)
2977        {
2978            if (__j1 != __j2)
2979                insert(__i1, __j1, __j2);
2980            break;
2981        }
2982        if (__j1 == __j2)
2983        {
2984            erase(__i1, __i2);
2985            break;
2986        }
2987        traits_type::assign(const_cast<value_type&>(*__i1), *__j1);
2988    }
2989    return *this;
2990}
2991
2992template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
2993inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2994basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
2995basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str)
2996{
2997    return replace(__pos1, __n1, __str.data(), __str.size());
2998}
2999
3000template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3001basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3002basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str,
3003                                                   size_type __pos2, size_type __n2)
3004{
3005    size_type __str_sz = __str.size();
3006    if (__pos2 > __str_sz)
3007        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3008    return replace(__pos1, __n1, __str.data() + __pos2, _VSTD::min(__n2, __str_sz - __pos2));
3009}
3010
3011template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3012basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3013basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const value_type* __s)
3014{
3015    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::replace received nullptr");
3016    return replace(__pos, __n1, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
3017}
3018
3019template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3020inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3021basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3022basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const basic_string& __str)
3023{
3024    return replace(static_cast<size_type>(__i1 - begin()), static_cast<size_type>(__i2 - __i1),
3025                   __str.data(), __str.size());
3026}
3027
3028template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3029inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3030basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3031basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const value_type* __s, size_type __n)
3032{
3033    return replace(static_cast<size_type>(__i1 - begin()), static_cast<size_type>(__i2 - __i1), __s, __n);
3034}
3035
3036template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3037inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3038basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3039basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, const value_type* __s)
3040{
3041    return replace(static_cast<size_type>(__i1 - begin()), static_cast<size_type>(__i2 - __i1), __s);
3042}
3043
3044template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3045inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3046basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3047basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::replace(const_iterator __i1, const_iterator __i2, size_type __n, value_type __c)
3048{
3049    return replace(static_cast<size_type>(__i1 - begin()), static_cast<size_type>(__i2 - __i1), __n, __c);
3050}
3051
3052// erase
3053
3054template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3055basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&
3056basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::erase(size_type __pos, size_type __n)
3057{
3058    size_type __sz = size();
3059    if (__pos > __sz)
3060        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3061    if (__n)
3062    {
3063        value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__get_pointer());
3064        __n = _VSTD::min(__n, __sz - __pos);
3065        size_type __n_move = __sz - __pos - __n;
3066        if (__n_move != 0)
3067            traits_type::move(__p + __pos, __p + __pos + __n, __n_move);
3068        __sz -= __n;
3069        __set_size(__sz);
3070        __invalidate_iterators_past(__sz);
3071        traits_type::assign(__p[__sz], value_type());
3072    }
3073    return *this;
3074}
3075
3076template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3077inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3078typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
3079basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::erase(const_iterator __pos)
3080{
3081#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
3082    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__get_const_db()->__find_c_from_i(&__pos) == this,
3083        "string::erase(iterator) called with an iterator not"
3084        " referring to this string");
3085#endif
3086    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__pos != end(),
3087        "string::erase(iterator) called with a non-dereferenceable iterator");
3088    iterator __b = begin();
3089    size_type __r = static_cast<size_type>(__pos - __b);
3090    erase(__r, 1);
3091    return __b + static_cast<difference_type>(__r);
3092}
3093
3094template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3095inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3096typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::iterator
3097basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::erase(const_iterator __first, const_iterator __last)
3098{
3099#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
3100    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__get_const_db()->__find_c_from_i(&__first) == this,
3101        "string::erase(iterator,  iterator) called with an iterator not"
3102        " referring to this string");
3103#endif
3104    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__first <= __last, "string::erase(first, last) called with invalid range");
3105    iterator __b = begin();
3106    size_type __r = static_cast<size_type>(__first - __b);
3107    erase(__r, static_cast<size_type>(__last - __first));
3108    return __b + static_cast<difference_type>(__r);
3109}
3110
3111template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3112inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3113void
3114basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::pop_back()
3115{
3116    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "string::pop_back(): string is already empty");
3117    size_type __sz;
3118    if (__is_long())
3119    {
3120        __sz = __get_long_size() - 1;
3121        __set_long_size(__sz);
3122        traits_type::assign(*(__get_long_pointer() + __sz), value_type());
3123    }
3124    else
3125    {
3126        __sz = __get_short_size() - 1;
3127        __set_short_size(__sz);
3128        traits_type::assign(*(__get_short_pointer() + __sz), value_type());
3129    }
3130    __invalidate_iterators_past(__sz);
3131}
3132
3133template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3134inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3135void
3136basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::clear() _NOEXCEPT
3137{
3138    __invalidate_all_iterators();
3139    if (__is_long())
3140    {
3141        traits_type::assign(*__get_long_pointer(), value_type());
3142        __set_long_size(0);
3143    }
3144    else
3145    {
3146        traits_type::assign(*__get_short_pointer(), value_type());
3147        __set_short_size(0);
3148    }
3149}
3150
3151template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3152inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3153void
3154basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__erase_to_end(size_type __pos)
3155{
3156    if (__is_long())
3157    {
3158        traits_type::assign(*(__get_long_pointer() + __pos), value_type());
3159        __set_long_size(__pos);
3160    }
3161    else
3162    {
3163        traits_type::assign(*(__get_short_pointer() + __pos), value_type());
3164        __set_short_size(__pos);
3165    }
3166    __invalidate_iterators_past(__pos);
3167}
3168
3169template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3170void
3171basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::resize(size_type __n, value_type __c)
3172{
3173    size_type __sz = size();
3174    if (__n > __sz)
3175        append(__n - __sz, __c);
3176    else
3177        __erase_to_end(__n);
3178}
3179
3180template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3181inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3182typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3183basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::max_size() const _NOEXCEPT
3184{
3185    size_type __m = __alloc_traits::max_size(__alloc());
3186#if _LIBCPP_BIG_ENDIAN
3187    return (__m <= ~__long_mask ? __m : __m/2) - __alignment;
3188#else
3189    return __m - __alignment;
3190#endif
3191}
3192
3193template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3194void
3195basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::reserve(size_type __res_arg)
3196{
3197    if (__res_arg > max_size())
3198        this->__throw_length_error();
3199    size_type __cap = capacity();
3200    size_type __sz = size();
3201    __res_arg = _VSTD::max(__res_arg, __sz);
3202    __res_arg = __recommend(__res_arg);
3203    if (__res_arg != __cap)
3204    {
3205        pointer __new_data, __p;
3206        bool __was_long, __now_long;
3207        if (__res_arg == __min_cap - 1)
3208        {
3209            __was_long = true;
3210            __now_long = false;
3211            __new_data = __get_short_pointer();
3212            __p = __get_long_pointer();
3213        }
3214        else
3215        {
3216            if (__res_arg > __cap)
3217                __new_data = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __res_arg+1);
3218            else
3219            {
3220            #ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
3221                try
3222                {
3223            #endif  // _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
3224                    __new_data = __alloc_traits::allocate(__alloc(), __res_arg+1);
3225            #ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
3226                }
3227                catch (...)
3228                {
3229                    return;
3230                }
3231            #else  // _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
3232                if (__new_data == nullptr)
3233                    return;
3234            #endif  // _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
3235            }
3236            __now_long = true;
3237            __was_long = __is_long();
3238            __p = __get_pointer();
3239        }
3240        traits_type::copy(_VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__new_data),
3241                          _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__p), size()+1);
3242        if (__was_long)
3243            __alloc_traits::deallocate(__alloc(), __p, __cap+1);
3244        if (__now_long)
3245        {
3246            __set_long_cap(__res_arg+1);
3247            __set_long_size(__sz);
3248            __set_long_pointer(__new_data);
3249        }
3250        else
3251            __set_short_size(__sz);
3252        __invalidate_all_iterators();
3253    }
3254}
3255
3256template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3257inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3258typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::const_reference
3259basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::operator[](size_type __pos) const
3260{
3261    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__pos <= size(), "string index out of bounds");
3262    return *(data() + __pos);
3263}
3264
3265template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3266inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3267typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::reference
3268basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::operator[](size_type __pos)
3269{
3270    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__pos <= size(), "string index out of bounds");
3271    return *(__get_pointer() + __pos);
3272}
3273
3274template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3275typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::const_reference
3276basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::at(size_type __n) const
3277{
3278    if (__n >= size())
3279        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3280    return (*this)[__n];
3281}
3282
3283template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3284typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::reference
3285basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::at(size_type __n)
3286{
3287    if (__n >= size())
3288        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3289    return (*this)[__n];
3290}
3291
3292template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3293inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3294typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::reference
3295basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::front()
3296{
3297    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "string::front(): string is empty");
3298    return *__get_pointer();
3299}
3300
3301template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3302inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3303typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::const_reference
3304basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::front() const
3305{
3306    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "string::front(): string is empty");
3307    return *data();
3308}
3309
3310template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3311inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3312typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::reference
3313basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::back()
3314{
3315    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "string::back(): string is empty");
3316    return *(__get_pointer() + size() - 1);
3317}
3318
3319template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3320inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3321typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::const_reference
3322basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::back() const
3323{
3324    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "string::back(): string is empty");
3325    return *(data() + size() - 1);
3326}
3327
3328template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3329typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3330basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::copy(value_type* __s, size_type __n, size_type __pos) const
3331{
3332    size_type __sz = size();
3333    if (__pos > __sz)
3334        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3335    size_type __rlen = _VSTD::min(__n, __sz - __pos);
3336    traits_type::copy(__s, data() + __pos, __rlen);
3337    return __rlen;
3338}
3339
3340template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3341inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3342basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3343basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::substr(size_type __pos, size_type __n) const
3344{
3345    return basic_string(*this, __pos, __n, __alloc());
3346}
3347
3348template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3349inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3350void
3351basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::swap(basic_string& __str)
3352        _NOEXCEPT_(!__alloc_traits::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
3353                   __is_nothrow_swappable<allocator_type>::value)
3354{
3355#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
3356    if (!__is_long())
3357        __get_db()->__invalidate_all(this);
3358    if (!__str.__is_long())
3359        __get_db()->__invalidate_all(&__str);
3360    __get_db()->swap(this, &__str);
3361#endif
3362    _VSTD::swap(__r_.first(), __str.__r_.first());
3363    __swap_alloc(__alloc(), __str.__alloc());
3364}
3365
3366// find
3367
3368template <class _Traits>
3369struct _LIBCPP_HIDDEN __traits_eq
3370{
3371    typedef typename _Traits::char_type char_type;
3372    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3373    bool operator()(const char_type& __x, const char_type& __y) _NOEXCEPT
3374        {return _Traits::eq(__x, __y);}
3375};
3376
3377template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3378typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3379basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find(const value_type* __s,
3380                                                size_type __pos,
3381                                                size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3382{
3383    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::find(): received nullptr");
3384    return _VSTD::__str_find<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3385        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3386}
3387
3388template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3389inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3390typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3391basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find(const basic_string& __str,
3392                                                size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3393{
3394    return _VSTD::__str_find<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3395        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3396}
3397
3398template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3399inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3400typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3401basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find(const value_type* __s,
3402                                                size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3403{
3404    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::find(): received nullptr");
3405    return _VSTD::__str_find<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3406        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3407}
3408
3409template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3410typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3411basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find(value_type __c,
3412                                                size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3413{
3414    return _VSTD::__str_find<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3415        (data(), size(), __c, __pos);
3416}
3417
3418// rfind
3419
3420template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3421typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3422basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::rfind(const value_type* __s,
3423                                                 size_type __pos,
3424                                                 size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3425{
3426    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::rfind(): received nullptr");
3427    return _VSTD::__str_rfind<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3428        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3429}
3430
3431template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3432inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3433typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3434basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::rfind(const basic_string& __str,
3435                                                 size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3436{
3437    return _VSTD::__str_rfind<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3438        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3439}
3440
3441template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3442inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3443typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3444basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::rfind(const value_type* __s,
3445                                                 size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3446{
3447    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::rfind(): received nullptr");
3448    return _VSTD::__str_rfind<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3449        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3450}
3451
3452template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3453typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3454basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::rfind(value_type __c,
3455                                                 size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3456{
3457    return _VSTD::__str_rfind<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3458        (data(), size(), __c, __pos);
3459}
3460
3461// find_first_of
3462
3463template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3464typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3465basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_of(const value_type* __s,
3466                                                         size_type __pos,
3467                                                         size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3468{
3469    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::find_first_of(): received nullptr");
3470    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3471        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3472}
3473
3474template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3475inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3476typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3477basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_of(const basic_string& __str,
3478                                                         size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3479{
3480    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3481        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3482}
3483
3484template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3485inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3486typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3487basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_of(const value_type* __s,
3488                                                         size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3489{
3490    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::find_first_of(): received nullptr");
3491    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3492        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3493}
3494
3495template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3496inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3497typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3498basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_of(value_type __c,
3499                                                         size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3500{
3501    return find(__c, __pos);
3502}
3503
3504// find_last_of
3505
3506template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3507typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3508basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_of(const value_type* __s,
3509                                                        size_type __pos,
3510                                                        size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3511{
3512    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::find_last_of(): received nullptr");
3513    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3514        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3515}
3516
3517template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3518inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3519typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3520basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_of(const basic_string& __str,
3521                                                        size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3522{
3523    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3524        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3525}
3526
3527template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3528inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3529typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3530basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_of(const value_type* __s,
3531                                                        size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3532{
3533    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::find_last_of(): received nullptr");
3534    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3535        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3536}
3537
3538template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3539inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3540typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3541basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_of(value_type __c,
3542                                                        size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3543{
3544    return rfind(__c, __pos);
3545}
3546
3547// find_first_not_of
3548
3549template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3550typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3551basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_not_of(const value_type* __s,
3552                                                             size_type __pos,
3553                                                             size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3554{
3555    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::find_first_not_of(): received nullptr");
3556    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3557        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3558}
3559
3560template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3561inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3562typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3563basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_not_of(const basic_string& __str,
3564                                                             size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3565{
3566    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3567        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3568}
3569
3570template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3571inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3572typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3573basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_not_of(const value_type* __s,
3574                                                             size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3575{
3576    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::find_first_not_of(): received nullptr");
3577    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3578        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3579}
3580
3581template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3582inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3583typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3584basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_first_not_of(value_type __c,
3585                                                             size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3586{
3587    return _VSTD::__str_find_first_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3588        (data(), size(), __c, __pos);
3589}
3590
3591// find_last_not_of
3592
3593template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3594typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3595basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_not_of(const value_type* __s,
3596                                                            size_type __pos,
3597                                                            size_type __n) const _NOEXCEPT
3598{
3599    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::find_last_not_of(): received nullptr");
3600    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3601        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, __n);
3602}
3603
3604template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3605inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3606typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3607basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_not_of(const basic_string& __str,
3608                                                            size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3609{
3610    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3611        (data(), size(), __str.data(), __pos, __str.size());
3612}
3613
3614template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3615inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3616typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3617basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_not_of(const value_type* __s,
3618                                                            size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3619{
3620    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::find_last_not_of(): received nullptr");
3621    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3622        (data(), size(), __s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
3623}
3624
3625template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3626inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3627typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
3628basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::find_last_not_of(value_type __c,
3629                                                            size_type __pos) const _NOEXCEPT
3630{
3631    return _VSTD::__str_find_last_not_of<value_type, size_type, traits_type, npos>
3632        (data(), size(), __c, __pos);
3633}
3634
3635// compare
3636
3637template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3638inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3639int
3640basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(const basic_string& __str) const _NOEXCEPT
3641{
3642    size_t __lhs_sz = size();
3643    size_t __rhs_sz = __str.size();
3644    int __result = traits_type::compare(data(), __str.data(),
3645                                        _VSTD::min(__lhs_sz, __rhs_sz));
3646    if (__result != 0)
3647        return __result;
3648    if (__lhs_sz < __rhs_sz)
3649        return -1;
3650    if (__lhs_sz > __rhs_sz)
3651        return 1;
3652    return 0;
3653}
3654
3655template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3656inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3657int
3658basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(size_type __pos1,
3659                                                   size_type __n1,
3660                                                   const basic_string& __str) const
3661{
3662    return compare(__pos1, __n1, __str.data(), __str.size());
3663}
3664
3665template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3666int
3667basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(size_type __pos1,
3668                                                   size_type __n1,
3669                                                   const basic_string& __str,
3670                                                   size_type __pos2,
3671                                                   size_type __n2) const
3672{
3673    size_type __sz = __str.size();
3674    if (__pos2 > __sz)
3675        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3676    return compare(__pos1, __n1, __str.data() + __pos2, _VSTD::min(__n2,
3677                                                                  __sz - __pos2));
3678}
3679
3680template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3681int
3682basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(const value_type* __s) const _NOEXCEPT
3683{
3684    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::compare(): received nullptr");
3685    return compare(0, npos, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
3686}
3687
3688template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3689int
3690basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(size_type __pos1,
3691                                                   size_type __n1,
3692                                                   const value_type* __s) const
3693{
3694    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__s != nullptr, "string::compare(): received nullptr");
3695    return compare(__pos1, __n1, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
3696}
3697
3698template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3699int
3700basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::compare(size_type __pos1,
3701                                                   size_type __n1,
3702                                                   const value_type* __s,
3703                                                   size_type __n2) const
3704{
3705    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__n2 == 0 || __s != nullptr, "string::compare(): received nullptr");
3706    size_type __sz = size();
3707    if (__pos1 > __sz || __n2 == npos)
3708        this->__throw_out_of_range();
3709    size_type __rlen = _VSTD::min(__n1, __sz - __pos1);
3710    int __r = traits_type::compare(data() + __pos1, __s, _VSTD::min(__rlen, __n2));
3711    if (__r == 0)
3712    {
3713        if (__rlen < __n2)
3714            __r = -1;
3715        else if (__rlen > __n2)
3716            __r = 1;
3717    }
3718    return __r;
3719}
3720
3721// __invariants
3722
3723template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3724inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3725bool
3726basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__invariants() const
3727{
3728    if (size() > capacity())
3729        return false;
3730    if (capacity() < __min_cap - 1)
3731        return false;
3732    if (data() == 0)
3733        return false;
3734    if (data()[size()] != value_type(0))
3735        return false;
3736    return true;
3737}
3738
3739// operator==
3740
3741template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3742inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3743bool
3744operator==(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3745           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3746{
3747    size_t __lhs_sz = __lhs.size();
3748    return __lhs_sz == __rhs.size() && _Traits::compare(__lhs.data(),
3749                                                        __rhs.data(),
3750                                                        __lhs_sz) == 0;
3751}
3752
3753template<class _Allocator>
3754inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3755bool
3756operator==(const basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3757           const basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3758{
3759    size_t __lhs_sz = __lhs.size();
3760    if (__lhs_sz != __rhs.size())
3761        return false;
3762    const char* __lp = __lhs.data();
3763    const char* __rp = __rhs.data();
3764    if (__lhs.__is_long())
3765        return char_traits<char>::compare(__lp, __rp, __lhs_sz) == 0;
3766    for (; __lhs_sz != 0; --__lhs_sz, ++__lp, ++__rp)
3767        if (*__lp != *__rp)
3768            return false;
3769    return true;
3770}
3771
3772template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3773inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3774bool
3775operator==(const _CharT* __lhs,
3776           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3777{
3778    return __rhs.compare(__lhs) == 0;
3779}
3780
3781template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3782inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3783bool
3784operator==(const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __lhs,
3785           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3786{
3787    return __lhs.compare(__rhs) == 0;
3788}
3789
3790// operator!=
3791
3792template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3793inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3794bool
3795operator!=(const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __lhs,
3796           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3797{
3798    return !(__lhs == __rhs);
3799}
3800
3801template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3802inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3803bool
3804operator!=(const _CharT* __lhs,
3805           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3806{
3807    return !(__lhs == __rhs);
3808}
3809
3810template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3811inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3812bool
3813operator!=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3814           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3815{
3816    return !(__lhs == __rhs);
3817}
3818
3819// operator<
3820
3821template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3822inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3823bool
3824operator< (const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3825           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3826{
3827    return __lhs.compare(__rhs) < 0;
3828}
3829
3830template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3831inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3832bool
3833operator< (const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3834           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3835{
3836    return __lhs.compare(__rhs) < 0;
3837}
3838
3839template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3840inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3841bool
3842operator< (const _CharT* __lhs,
3843           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3844{
3845    return __rhs.compare(__lhs) > 0;
3846}
3847
3848// operator>
3849
3850template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3851inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3852bool
3853operator> (const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3854           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3855{
3856    return __rhs < __lhs;
3857}
3858
3859template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3860inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3861bool
3862operator> (const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3863           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3864{
3865    return __rhs < __lhs;
3866}
3867
3868template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3869inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3870bool
3871operator> (const _CharT* __lhs,
3872           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3873{
3874    return __rhs < __lhs;
3875}
3876
3877// operator<=
3878
3879template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3880inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3881bool
3882operator<=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3883           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3884{
3885    return !(__rhs < __lhs);
3886}
3887
3888template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3889inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3890bool
3891operator<=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3892           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3893{
3894    return !(__rhs < __lhs);
3895}
3896
3897template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3898inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3899bool
3900operator<=(const _CharT* __lhs,
3901           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3902{
3903    return !(__rhs < __lhs);
3904}
3905
3906// operator>=
3907
3908template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3909inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3910bool
3911operator>=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3912           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3913{
3914    return !(__lhs < __rhs);
3915}
3916
3917template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3918inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3919bool
3920operator>=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3921           const _CharT* __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3922{
3923    return !(__lhs < __rhs);
3924}
3925
3926template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3927inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3928bool
3929operator>=(const _CharT* __lhs,
3930           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs) _NOEXCEPT
3931{
3932    return !(__lhs < __rhs);
3933}
3934
3935// operator +
3936
3937template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3938basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3939operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
3940          const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs)
3941{
3942    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> __r(__lhs.get_allocator());
3943    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __lhs_sz = __lhs.size();
3944    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __rhs_sz = __rhs.size();
3945    __r.__init(__lhs.data(), __lhs_sz, __lhs_sz + __rhs_sz);
3946    __r.append(__rhs.data(), __rhs_sz);
3947    return __r;
3948}
3949
3950template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3951basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3952operator+(const _CharT* __lhs , const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __rhs)
3953{
3954    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> __r(__rhs.get_allocator());
3955    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __lhs_sz = _Traits::length(__lhs);
3956    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __rhs_sz = __rhs.size();
3957    __r.__init(__lhs, __lhs_sz, __lhs_sz + __rhs_sz);
3958    __r.append(__rhs.data(), __rhs_sz);
3959    return __r;
3960}
3961
3962template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3963basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3964operator+(_CharT __lhs, const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>& __rhs)
3965{
3966    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> __r(__rhs.get_allocator());
3967    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __rhs_sz = __rhs.size();
3968    __r.__init(&__lhs, 1, 1 + __rhs_sz);
3969    __r.append(__rhs.data(), __rhs_sz);
3970    return __r;
3971}
3972
3973template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3974basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3975operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs, const _CharT* __rhs)
3976{
3977    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> __r(__lhs.get_allocator());
3978    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __lhs_sz = __lhs.size();
3979    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __rhs_sz = _Traits::length(__rhs);
3980    __r.__init(__lhs.data(), __lhs_sz, __lhs_sz + __rhs_sz);
3981    __r.append(__rhs, __rhs_sz);
3982    return __r;
3983}
3984
3985template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3986basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
3987operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs, _CharT __rhs)
3988{
3989    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> __r(__lhs.get_allocator());
3990    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type __lhs_sz = __lhs.size();
3991    __r.__init(__lhs.data(), __lhs_sz, __lhs_sz + 1);
3992    __r.push_back(__rhs);
3993    return __r;
3994}
3995
3996#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
3997
3998template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
3999inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4000basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4001operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __lhs, const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs)
4002{
4003    return _VSTD::move(__lhs.append(__rhs));
4004}
4005
4006template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4007inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4008basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4009operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs, basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __rhs)
4010{
4011    return _VSTD::move(__rhs.insert(0, __lhs));
4012}
4013
4014template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4015inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4016basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4017operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __lhs, basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __rhs)
4018{
4019    return _VSTD::move(__lhs.append(__rhs));
4020}
4021
4022template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4023inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4024basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4025operator+(const _CharT* __lhs , basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>&& __rhs)
4026{
4027    return _VSTD::move(__rhs.insert(0, __lhs));
4028}
4029
4030template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4031inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4032basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4033operator+(_CharT __lhs, basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Allocator>&& __rhs)
4034{
4035    __rhs.insert(__rhs.begin(), __lhs);
4036    return _VSTD::move(__rhs);
4037}
4038
4039template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4040inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4041basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4042operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __lhs, const _CharT* __rhs)
4043{
4044    return _VSTD::move(__lhs.append(__rhs));
4045}
4046
4047template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4048inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4049basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>
4050operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>&& __lhs, _CharT __rhs)
4051{
4052    __lhs.push_back(__rhs);
4053    return _VSTD::move(__lhs);
4054}
4055
4056#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
4057
4058// swap
4059
4060template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4061inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4062void
4063swap(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __lhs,
4064     basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __rhs)
4065     _NOEXCEPT_(_NOEXCEPT_(__lhs.swap(__rhs)))
4066{
4067    __lhs.swap(__rhs);
4068}
4069
4070#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE_CHARS
4071
4072typedef basic_string<char16_t> u16string;
4073typedef basic_string<char32_t> u32string;
4074
4075#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE_CHARS
4076
4077_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS int                stoi  (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4078_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long               stol  (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4079_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS unsigned long      stoul (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4080_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long long          stoll (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4081_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS unsigned long long stoull(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4082
4083_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS float       stof (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4084_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS double      stod (const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4085_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long double stold(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4086
4087_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(int __val);
4088_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(unsigned __val);
4089_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(long __val);
4090_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(unsigned long __val);
4091_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(long long __val);
4092_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(unsigned long long __val);
4093_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(float __val);
4094_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(double __val);
4095_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS string to_string(long double __val);
4096
4097_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS int                stoi  (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4098_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long               stol  (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4099_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS unsigned long      stoul (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4100_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long long          stoll (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4101_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS unsigned long long stoull(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10);
4102
4103_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS float       stof (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4104_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS double      stod (const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4105_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS long double stold(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0);
4106
4107_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(int __val);
4108_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(unsigned __val);
4109_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(long __val);
4110_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(unsigned long __val);
4111_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(long long __val);
4112_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(unsigned long long __val);
4113_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(float __val);
4114_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(double __val);
4115_LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS wstring to_wstring(long double __val);
4116
4117template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4118    const typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::size_type
4119                   basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::npos;
4120
4121template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4122struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY hash<basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> >
4123    : public unary_function<basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>, size_t>
4124{
4125    size_t
4126        operator()(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __val) const _NOEXCEPT;
4127};
4128
4129template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4130size_t
4131hash<basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator> >::operator()(
4132        const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __val) const _NOEXCEPT
4133{
4134    return __do_string_hash(__val.data(), __val.data() + __val.size());
4135}
4136
4137template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4138basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4139operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4140           const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str);
4141
4142template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4143basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4144operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4145           basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str);
4146
4147template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4148basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4149getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4150        basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str, _CharT __dlm);
4151
4152template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4153inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4154basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4155getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4156        basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str);
4157
4158#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
4159
4160template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4161inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4162basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4163getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&& __is,
4164        basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str, _CharT __dlm);
4165
4166template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4167inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4168basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4169getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&& __is,
4170        basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str);
4171
4172#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
4173
4174#if _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
4175
4176template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4177bool
4178basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__dereferenceable(const const_iterator* __i) const
4179{
4180    return this->data() <= _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) &&
4181           _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) < this->data() + this->size();
4182}
4183
4184template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4185bool
4186basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__decrementable(const const_iterator* __i) const
4187{
4188    return this->data() < _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) &&
4189           _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) <= this->data() + this->size();
4190}
4191
4192template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4193bool
4194basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__addable(const const_iterator* __i, ptrdiff_t __n) const
4195{
4196    const value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) + __n;
4197    return this->data() <= __p && __p <= this->data() + this->size();
4198}
4199
4200template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
4201bool
4202basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>::__subscriptable(const const_iterator* __i, ptrdiff_t __n) const
4203{
4204    const value_type* __p = _VSTD::__to_raw_pointer(__i->base()) + __n;
4205    return this->data() <= __p && __p < this->data() + this->size();
4206}
4207
4208#endif  // _LIBCPP_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 2
4209
4210#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 11 
4211// Literal suffixes for basic_string [basic.string.literals]
4212inline namespace literals
4213{
4214  inline namespace string_literals
4215  {
4216    inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4217    basic_string<char> operator "" s( const char *__str, size_t __len )
4218    {
4219        return basic_string<char> (__str, __len);
4220    }
4221
4222    inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4223    basic_string<wchar_t> operator "" s( const wchar_t *__str, size_t __len )
4224    {
4225        return basic_string<wchar_t> (__str, __len);
4226    }
4227
4228    inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4229    basic_string<char16_t> operator "" s( const char16_t *__str, size_t __len )
4230    {
4231        return basic_string<char16_t> (__str, __len);
4232    }
4233
4234    inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4235    basic_string<char32_t> operator "" s( const char32_t *__str, size_t __len )
4236    {
4237        return basic_string<char32_t> (__str, __len);
4238    }
4239  }
4240}
4241#endif
4242
4243_LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE(class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS basic_string<char>)
4244_LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE(class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS basic_string<wchar_t>)
4245_LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE(string operator+<char, char_traits<char>, allocator<char> >(char const*, string const&))
4246
4247_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
4248
4249#endif  // _LIBCPP_STRING
4250